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Model CSMI Micro-Incubator MAI 65-0101

MA1 65-0102

Micro-Incubator

Model CSMI

User’s Manual

Publication 5403-002-REV-C

EU Directives WEEE and RoHS

To Our Valued Customers:

We are committed to being a good corporate citizen. As part of that commitment,we strive to maintain an environmentally conscious manufacturing operation. TheEuropean Union (EU) has enacted two Directives, the first on product recycling(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment, WEEE) and the second limiting the useof certain substances (Restriction on the use of Hazardous Substances, RoHS). Over time, these Directives will be implemented in the national laws of each EUMember State.

Once the final national regulations have been put into place, recycling will be offeredfor our products which are within the scope of the WEEE Directive. Products fallingunder the scope of the WEEE Directive available for sale after August 13, 2005 willbe identified with a “wheelie bin” symbol.

Two Categories of products covered by the WEEE Directive are currently exemptfrom the RoHS Directive – Category 8, medical devices (with the exception ofimplanted or infected products) and Category 9, monitoring and control instruments.Most of our products fall into either Category 8 or 9 and are currently exempt fromthe RoHS Directive. We will continue to monitor the application of the RoHSDirective to its products and will comply with any changes as they apply.

• Do Not Dispose Product with Municipal Waste

• Special Collection/Disposal Required

WEEE/RoHS Compliance Statement

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Table of Contents

SUBJECT PAGE NO.

General Information - Warranty and Repairs ........2

Specifications............................................................3

Introduction ..............................................................4

Principle Of Operation..............................................5

Supplied and Optional Accessories ....................6-7

Mounting the CSMI on a Microscope Stage ....8-10

Installation Disposable Chambers in CSMI ........11

Hookup and Operation ....................................12-15

Maintenance ......................................................16-17

Troubleshooting ......................................................18

Appendix 1: Typical Performance Curve ..............19

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General Information

Serial NumbersAll inquires concerning our product should refer to the serial number of the unit. Serialnumbers are located on the rear of the chassis.

CalibrationsAll electrical apparatus is calibrated at rated voltage and frequency. While the flow willstay calibrated, the peak will vary.

WarrantyHarvard Apparatus warranties this instrument for a period of one year from date of pur-chase. At its option, Harvard Apparatus will repair or replace the unit if it is found tobe defective as to workmanship or material.

This warranty does not extend to damage resulting from misuse, neglect or abuse, nor-mal wear and tear, or accident.

This warranty extends only to the original customer purchaser.

IN NO EVENT SHALL HARVARD APPARATUS BE LIABLE FOR INCIDEN-TAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. Some states do not allow exclusion orlimitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitation or exclusionmay not apply to you. THERE ARE NO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-CHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE, OR OF ANYOTHER NATURE. Some states do not allow this limitation on an implied warranty,so the above limitation may not apply to you.

If a defect arises within the one-year warranty period, promptly contact HarvardApparatus, 84 October Hill Road, Building 7, Holliston, Massachusetts 01746-1388 using our toll free number 1-800-272-2775. Goods will not be accepted forreturn unless an RMA (returned materials authorization) number has been issued byour customer service department. The customer is responsible for shipping charges.Please allow a reasonable period of time for completion of repairs, replacement andreturn. If the unit is replaced, the replacement unit is covered only for the remainder ofthe original warranty period dating from the purchase of the original device.

This warranty gives you specific rights, and you may also have other rights which varyfrom state to state.

Repair Facilities and PartsHarvard Apparatus stocks replacement and repair parts. When ordering, please describeparts as completely as possible, preferably using our part numbers. If practical, enclosea sample or drawing. We offer acomplete reconditioning service.

CAUTIONThis pump is not registered withthe FDA and is not for clinical useon human patients.

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Specifications

Specifications: Model CSMI Micro-Incubator

Temperature Operating Range With Supplementary Water Cooling 5°C to 50°CWithout Supplementary Water Cooling 5° to 10° below ambient to 50°C

Disposable Chambers Accommodated Nalge Nunc chambered slides chambered cover slips BektonDikinson chambered slides

Microscopes Accommodated Zeiss Axiovert with attachable mechanical stage

Leica DAS Mikroskop DMIL and DMIRB/E w/ attach. mech. stage.

Nikon Diaphot, TE200, TE300 series rectangle stage

Olympus IX50/70 or IMT-s fixed stage

Peltier TED Current Rating 6 A DC Maximum

Plate Thermistor: (Built in) 100 k at 25°C - YSI 44011

Perfusion Inlet Lines 26 GA Teflon capillary up to 4 lines can be installed simultaneously

Perfusion Rate 3 ml/minute nominal total

Perfusate Outlet LU-ASP aspirator

Gas Port 1/16" barb

Gas Superfusion Rate 0.5 to 2.0 L/min

Weight 0.5 kg (17.9 oz)

Overall Dimensions 6.5" x 4" x 1"

CSMI Cable Plug Pin Assignment 1. Peltier

2. Peltier

3. Plate Thermistor

4. Peltier

5. Peltier

6. Plate Thermistor

1

2

3

4

5

6

Ground Shield

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The CSMI is a versatile Microscope Stage-Incubator for cell/tissue culture work, whichaccommodates new rectangular disposableChambered slides and Chambered cover glassavailable from Nalge Nunc, and BecktonDickinson. The CSMI in combination with amatching low noise TC202A temperature con-troller facilitates long term maintenance of tissueor cell cultures on a microscope stage. This allowsextended time optical monitoring including theuse of dyes, microinjection, electrical recordingand micromanipulation.

The CSMI not only facilitates the precise regula-tion and manipulation of bath temperature, butalso supports multi-channel perfusion and gasatmosphere maintenance, such as CO2 superfu-sion for pH control. Based on a successfulMedical Systems Micro-incubator design for 35mm Petrie dishes, the PDMI-2, the CSMI utilizesPeltier Thermo-Electric Devices to regulate tem-perature over a wide range both above and belowambient levels. The CSMI is designed to fit on thestage of inverted microscopes from nearly all-majormicroscope manufacturers including Zeiss,Nikon, Olympus and Leica

Introduction

CSMI with Nalge Nunc Chambered Slide,Nalge Nunc Chambered Coverglass & Beckton

Dickinson Chambered Slice

Nalge Nunc Chambered Slide




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Principle of Operations

The CSMI is composed of two metal plates a finned “Radiator” plate and a“Driven” plate between which are sandwiched Thermo-Electric Devices (TED’s) orPeltier heat pumps. The disposable chambered slide or chambered cover glass isplaced by the user within temperature regulated clamps attached to the “Driven”plate. The TED’s pump heat from the radiator to the “Driven” plate for heatingand from the “Driven” plate to the radiator for cooling. The “direction” of the heatpumping action is determined by the direction of DC electric current delivered tothe TED’s. Through the use of a temperature sensor mounted on the “Driven “plate and an external temperature controller (TC202A) that uses feedback control,precise temperature regulation can be achieved both above and below ambient tem-perature.

If perfusion is required, two 26 GA Teflon perfusion lines can be mounted in eachof the L shaped temperature driven claps. A separate aspirator is used to maintainfluid level irrespective of perfusate flow rate. Gas for superfusion over the chamberis delivered to a white 1/16th in barb port also attached to each L clamp. The exitfor the gas is a narrow opening on the inner long surface of each L clamp facingthe installed chamber. Having the perfusion lines and superfusion gas fed throughthe temperature regulated L clamps assures that fluid and gas delivered to thechamber are pre-temperature regulated before they arrive in the tissue culture dish.

Diagram of CSMI parts

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Supplied and Optional Accessories

The CSMI chamber depicted above is a flexible system that can be used in severalmodes of operation. These include perfused and static modes, with or without gassuperfusion, with a bath thermistor or without and of course mounted on differ-ent microscope stages. The CSMI is shipped with the most commonly used acces-sories, which are packed separately and identified below.

Supplied Accessories

Catalog No. Description

65-0047 Leiden Aspirator on magnetic base LU-ASP for media removal during perfusion

65-0055 Bath Thermistor holder on magnetic base

7501-121 A set of two 4’ lengths of 1/8" ID Tygon tubing for gas superfusion

7501-122 A set of two 4’ lengths of 1/8" ID Tygon tubing with compler for 26 GA Teflon perfusion tubing for perfusion

7501-123 A 4’ length of 1/16" Tygon tubing for use with the Leiden Aspirator

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Supplied and Optional Accessories

7501-124 One spare set of two 26 GA Teflon perfusionlines molded into propershape for easy insertion intemperature driven clamps

7501-125 Two set of spare Thermo-conductive selfadhesive elastomer pads toline the inner contactingsurface of the L shaped clamps.

7501-126 Clear plastic cover withmagnetic hold down frame.

7501-127 A set of 4 nylon set-screwsfor use when mounting onNikon or Olympus invertedmicroscopes.

7501-127 Replacement tubing and Pad Kit containing all tubing and thermo

Optional Accessories

65-0103 A copper water tube shaped to fit theslots in the CSMI radiator fins is available for applications where bathtermperatures apporaching 0˚ C arerequired. In this case running tap waterin the installed copper tube is used toimprove the efficiency of heat removalfrom the CSMI in order to achieve this lower temperature range.

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Mounting the CSMI on a Microscope Stage

Brand Description

Zeiss The CSMI is designed to fit directly into the holding clips of the Attachable Mechanical Stage available with Ziess inverted microscopes with the "M type" Mechanical Stage. For "K type"(3 Plates Stage), CSMI will need to be modified. Call Harvard Apparatus.

Leica Inverted microscopes. The CSMI is designed to fit directly into the holding clips of the Attachable Mechanical Stage available with Leica inverted microscopes

The CSMI is equipped for easy mounting on microscope stages of several of themost popular inverted microscopes. There are two major considerations wheninstalling the CSMI first is mechanical attachment to the stage and second is heattransfer between the CSMI and the microscope stage. Mechanical fixation is desir-able because X-Y translation of the specimen can then be done using the micro-scope built in stage movement mechanism. In addition when the CSMI is mount-ed on a microscope stage, the stage which is generally made of material like alu-minum serves as a low Thermo resistance pathway to conduct heat to or away fromthe CSMI. . In general when the CSMI is placed on a flat microscope stage, it isthe Radiator portion that comes in contact with the stage. The “Driven” (temper-ature regulated) plate that holds the specimen is recessed slightly and does notcome in contact with a flat stage. Specimen cooling performance of the CSMI isimproved by extra heat removal through the microscope stage. Specimen heatingperformance is less affected by mounting considerations

The following table describes how to mount the CSMI on various brands ofInverted Microscope.

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Note: The micro-incubator CSMI Cat# 65-0102 has the same construction as theregular CSMI Cat# 65-0101, with the difference that the bottom plate of the 65-0102, has been designed to be used in the following microscopes:ZEISS and LEITZ with 3-Plate mechanical Stage (known as “K” type) LUDL andPRIOR motorized stage in inverted microscopes.The 65-0102 will fit on the microscope stage with the dimensions of 160mm x 110mm.

Both CSMI Cat# 65-0101 and the 65-0102 can be used on microscope stages with“FLAT” surface and with a round opening between: 88 mm to 110 mm.

To avoid vibration (if any), modeling clay or dentist wax could be applied at theedge of the micro-incubator.

Mounting frame M for specimen slider 76 x 26 mm

Object guide 130 x 85 mm right

Specimen stage 250 x 230 mm

Object guide 130 x 85 mm left

Microscope stage “M”Type 65-0101

Mounting frame K for specimen slider

Mounting frame K for reflected light, d=72 mm

Stage stop d=28 mmStage stop d=35 mmStage stop d=18 mm(further stage stops being prepared)

Gliding stage Zwith stage inserts d=24 mm and 48 mm

Mechanical stage 130 x 85 R/L without mounting frames

Microscope stage “K”Type 65-0102

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Nikon Nikon inverted microscopes have astage opening that is 108 mm in diameter. The CSMI is mounted over this opening using four nylonset screws inserted into four tappedholes located on an 108 mm diameter in the bottom of the CSMI.The setscrews protrude into the edges of this opening, lockingthe CSMI to the stage for X-Y translation.

Olympus Olympus inverted microscopes have a stage opening that is 80 mm in diameter. The CSMI is mounted over this opening using four nylon set screws inserted into four tapped holes located on an 80 mm diameter in the bottom of the CSMI. The setscrews protrude into the edges of this opening, locking theCSMI to the stage for X-Y translation.

Other For microscopes not mentioned above,contact Harvard Apparatus Inc. technical support to discuss mounting options. Please Note Though CSMI can be rested and operated on a microscope stage surface. Care must be taken that only the finned “Radiator “ plate comes in contact with the stage. The temperature controlled “Driven “ plate must not touch any part of the microscope.

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Installation of Disposable Chambers in CSMI

The CSMI is a finned rectangular assembly with two temperature controlled Lshaped clamps inside. To install a disposable chambered slide or chambered coverslip refer to the drawing below:

First open the two L shaped clamps fully by sliding them diagonally away from thecenter. Push on the knurled knobs at the corner of each clamp. Caution do not tryto force the clamps in the X or Y direction they only slide diagonally.

Once the Clamps are open, carefully insert the Chambered slide or chamberedcover slip so that it rests on the metal strips in the opening. Note: care must betaken, that disposable chambers do not fall through the opening in the floor of theCSMI during installation, spilling their contents. This may be a problem on instal-lation more so with Chambered cover slips which are shorter than Chamberedslides.

Once the disposable chamber rests on the floor of the CSMI, slide the L shapedclamps inward diagonally to the closed position with care so that the contents arenot spilled.

Make sure the clamps are firmly pressed against the sidewalls of the disposablechambered slide or cover slip. This is to insure good thermal contact between theclamps and the chamber wall for proper heat transfer and temperature control. Theinner, chamber contacting surfaces of the clamps are equipped with a Thermo-con-ductive elastic lining. This lining is designed to mold itself around imperfectionsand high spots in the injection molded chamber walls, to prevent air gaps thatmight reduce heat transfer and performance.

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Hookup and Operation

Drawing or photo of CSMI connection to TC202

2. Using the Plate or Bath Thermistor for temperature feedback and control

During operation there generally is a difference in temperature between the tem-perature “Driven Plate” and the media in the disposable chambered slide (Bath).The gradient between Plate and the center of the Bath could be 1 to 4 (C depend-ing on such factors as thermal resistance of the chamber wall, media depth, per-fused or static operation, gas superfusion etc. The offset is positive or negativedepending on whether one is heating or cooling.

Though we always want to control temperature in the bath, often Plate control isthe best solution. This is the case for example in situation where media sterility isrequired and the burden of sterilizing the bath thermistor makes it impractical. ThePlate temperature can be offset manually to stabilize at a higher or lower tempera-ture in order to compensate for any difference between bath and plate.

1. Connection to Temperature Controller (Please also refer to the

TC202A Users manual for additional operating instruction)

To prepare for operation the CSMI is connected to a TC202A temperature con-troller by plugging its cable end plug into the I/O socket on the TC202A frontpanel. The TC202A can sense CSMI “Driven” plate temperature through thiscable, as well as supply power to the Peltier heat pumps. The TC202A also supportsan optional second temperature sensor, the “Bath Thermistor” which can be insert-ed in the disposable chamber media to measure temperature therein. The “Bath “Thermistor is not always used, if it is it has its own cable and plug and should beconnected to the TC202A at this time.

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For the most part the safest mode of operation is to use the Plate thermistor as thecontrol point. Plate control has the advantage of not being subject to unintended“open loop “ operation, where temperature control is lost. This can occur acci-dentally with bath control, but is highly unlikely with plate control. A bath ther-mistor can become accidentally dislodged from the bath so that it no longer meas-ures bath temperature. During extended operation media evaporation can uncoverthe bath thermistor-sensing tip, causing it to read incorrectly. In this case the tem-perature controller loses control. With plate control bath temperature can still beprecisely monitored by a Bath thermistor but control will not be dependent on it.

Plate control also has the advantage of bringing the system to the control pointtemperature faster than Bath control. The bath temperature lags the plate temper-ature. This lag causes the system to take longer for bath temperature to settle at thecontrol set point.

With the above caveats in mind, bath control has a major advantage over plate con-trol. With the bath thermistor as the control point, the temperature controllerautomatically compensates for the temperature gradient between plate and bathand for changing environmental conditions including perfusion changes.

Probably the best strategy is to quickly bring the bath to the target temperatureusing plate control. Then switch to bath control for the greatest precision in longterm temperature maintenance.

3. Installation of optional

Bath Thermistor

The “Bath Thermistor” is inserted inthe media and held in place using thesupplied magnetic base thermistorholder which attaches to the ferrous(chrome plated) top surface of each Lshaped clamp. If the plastic coverwith magnetic frame is to be usedover the chamber in conjunctionwith the Bath thermistor it can eitherbe slid open partially to accommodate the thermistor. Alternatively a 1/8" hole canbe drilled in the cover where the bath thermistor is to pass through.

4. Static operation

For static or non-perfused operation, a chamber with media is installed and a setpoint is entered into the temperature controller. If 37 ( C is selected, it will takeapproximately 25 minutes for the temperature to stabilize starting from room tem-perature. At this higher temperature long term incubation will result in media lossthrough evaporation. Using mineral oil over aquious media can slow this. If min-eral oil cannot be used, the clear plastic cover, which is supplied, can also reduceevaporation.

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5. Perfused Operation

Perfusion is a useful tool to study pharmaceutical effects both in applied andwashout modes. To establish perfusion, perfusate is delivered to the chamberthrough 26GA. Teflon capillary tubing. Two such perfusion lines are installed inclose fitting slots in the temperature controlled L clamps that surround the cham-ber. The perfusate supply, which can be kept at room temperature, is warmed orcooled by conduction before delivery into the chamber bath. The perfusate shouldbe delivered at a rate of 1 to 3 ml/min. This is best accomplished by a peristalticpump, like the Harvard Apparatus model ‘66’ catalog # 55-7766. A set of two 1/8"Tygon hoses with couplers for the 26 GA. Teflon capillaries are supplied, to makethe connection to the peristaltic pump or other perfusion source.

If perfusion is to be continuous than bath media must be removed to prevent over-flow. A unique adjustable aspirator the LU-ASP catalog # 65-0047, is suppliedwhich can automatically maintain a constant fluid level with minimal fluctuationsin that level as it works (see adjacent drawing). Fluid level fluctuations not only candisturb optical measurements, but can also be a source of electrical noise, if sensi-tive Electro-physiologic recording such as patch clamping is done. . The aspiratorhas a magnetic base to grip the magnetic surface on each of the L clamps. The levelof fluid in the chamber is determined by the height of the aspirator in the bath, andcan be adjusted with its thumbscrew. A source of suction with a liquid trap is con-nected via the supplied 1/16 “ Tygon tubing. Because of the design of the aspira-tor the user can operate one or more perfusion lines simultaneously without fur-ther adjustment to the aspirator.

During perfused operationmedia is replenished continu-ously and evaporation is not aproblem until perfusion ishalted. If perfusion is to beinterrupted the plastic covershould be used to minimizeevaporation. The plastic coveris supplied without any holesdrilled. If it is to be usedsimultaneously with a LU-ASP aspirator, as is the casewith a bath thermistor, the user can partially slide the cover back, or alternativelydrill a hole to accommodate the aspirator. . The drawing below depicts the hookupfor perfusion.

Operating the temperature controller for perfusion is similar to operation instatic mode. Because of feedback control the temperature controller will automat-ically adjust power delivered to the heat pumps to compensate for the additionalload imposed by perfusion, irrespective of whether plate or bath control is used.

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6. Gas superfusion

Gas superfusion is often used to aidin pH balance (5% C02 ) as well asfor improved oxygenation. TheCSMI has provisions for deliveringgas via a cavity in the temperatureregulated L clamps to a slit just overthe edge of the disposable cham-bered slide. This causes the gasses tobe delivered to the chamber pre tem-perature regulated. Heavier than airgasses like C02 will then fall into thechamber cavity. With the aid of the supplied plastic cover a low-pressure atmos-phere of any desired gas mixture can be maintained in the chamber. The gas isdelivered from a tank equipped with a regulator and flowmeter, to the white barbfitting at the long end of the temperature regulated L clamp. A 1/8 “ Tygon hoseis supplied for this purpose. Both L clamps have gas ports. These can be used simul-taneously or separately for the same or different gasses. The drawing below depictsthe hookup for gas superfusion.

Operating the temperature controller with gas superfusion is similar to operationin static or perfused mode. Because of feedback control the temperature controllerwill automatically adjust power delivered to the heat pumps to compensate for theadditional load imposed by gas superfusion, irrespective of whether plate or bathcontrol is used. Gas superfusion can be done in conjunction with fluid perfusionas well as with static protocols.

7. Special considerations for cooling

At room temperature the CSMI ismore efficient in heating than cool-ing the disposable chambered slide.Although the CSMI can easily attainand hold any temperature betweenambient and 50° C, it is limited tocooling to a range of 5 to 10° Cbelow ambient depending onmounting particulars. This is due tothe limited efficiency in heatremoval afforded by the air radiatingfins combined with the microscope stage. For users who want to cool to lower tem-peratures than this, an optional auxiliary copper water radiator tube is available thatfits in a slot cut into the radiating fins. Running tap water in this auxiliary radia-tor improves cooling performance greatly so that single digit temperatures can bemaintained. The Drawing below depicts the auxiliary radiator in place.

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Maintenance

Perfusion tubing replacement:

The installed Teflon capillary perfusion tubing can be used many times if keptclean. The perfusion lines should be flushed with distilled water after use to avoidcross contamination. Occasional perfusion of 70% alcohol will help avoid growthof microorganisms.

Should replacement of perfusion tubing berequired, a spare set of two lines is includedwith each CSMI. The perfusion tubing is pre-formed to the circuitous shape of the groovesinto which it is to be installed, to makes it eas-ier to install the rather stiff Teflon capillary. Toobtain additional sets order.

To replace the perfusion lines follow thesteps 1-6, referring to the drawing of the temperature driven L clamp below.

1. Remove holding the chrome plated L clamp cover.

2. Remove the Chrome plated cover, and the black tubing cover resting inside to reveal the perfusion lines.

3. Note the way the perfusion lines are installed in their heat transfer slots. The two lines are not the same but are shaped differently to fit in differentpositions in the L clamp.

4. Lift and discard the installed tubing and replace with a new set.

5. Make certain that the tubing rests fully in the heat transfer groves, and install the black tubing cover.

6. Replace the Chrome cover and re-fasten with the two Phillips screws and 1 knurled knob removed earlier.

Perfusion tubing installation drawing Perfusion tubing installation drawing

A set of Perfusion tubingshaped to fit into L clamps

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Maintenance

Replacement of elastic Thermo-conductive L clamp lining:

Each L clamp is lined with flexible Thermo-conductive material, on all inner wallsthat come in contact with the disposable chamber. The lining is designed to con-form to irregularities in the surface of the disposable chamber, as the L clampsclose. Tight air-pocket free contact between the L clamps and the chamber isrequired to guarantee maximum heat transfer between the temperature driven Lclamps and the disposable chamber.

The lining can be used for many open and close cycles. Should it become damagedit can easily be replace by the user. A spare set of self-adhesive lining pads is packedwith each system. To reorder use (Cat. # 7501-125)

To replace:

1. Open the L Clamps to their full open position, and remove any chamber within.

2. Peel the existing lining pads off from the inner chamber wall.

3. Clean the surface that held the pads with alcohol (use Q-tip or equiv.) and let dry.

4. Remove the backing from the adhesive surface of a new lining pad andattach to the long surface of an L clamp. Position carefully so that the Gas inlet slit near the top of the L clamp is not blocked.

5. Repeat the procedure with a “short” lining pad.

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Troubleshooting

The following table lists some problems, possible causes and remedies. This is notmeant to be exhaustive, but as a checklist to allow the user to solve the more com-mon occurrences. Many problems arise from improper use of the TC202A tem-perature controller. Please refer to the TC202A user’s manual if the problem youexperience is not listed here.

Problem Description

1. The bath temperature does not reach 1a. The L Clamps are not closed tightlya heating set point. around the chamber. -Check and fix.

1b. Static fluid level is too low-raise

1c. Perfusion rate is too high-lower below 3 ml/min

2. The bath temperature does not reach 2a. The L Clamps are not closed tightlya cooling set point. around the chamber. -Check and fix

2b. Static fluid level is too low-raise

2c. Perfusion rate is too high-lower below 3 ml/min

2d. Set-point is outside of working rangewithout auxiliary water radiator- changesetting or add auxiliary water radiator

3. Bath temperature is rising above 3a. Set-point is outside of temperatureambient even though set-point is for working range without auxiliary watercooling below ambient radiator- change setting or add

auxiliary water radiator

5. Bath temperature inaccurate or 5a. Replace bath thermistorunchanging

4. Excessive 50/60 Hz. noise in 4a. CSMI ground not connected (throughElectro-physiologic recording done from TC202A mains protective ground pintissue in the chamber. in power cord) or connected to

poor ground. - Plug TC202A into bettergrounded power outlet or into sameoutlet as recording equipment

4b. Remove bath thermistor if used, and useonly plate thermistor and plate control

19H

a r

v a

r d

A

p p

a r

a t

u s

M

o d

e l

C S

M I

M

i c

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- I

n c

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Appendix 1: Typical Performance Curve

The above performance curve was obtained using a Nunc chambered coverglasschamber. The bath chamber contained 2.5 ml of water under static conditions witha plastic cover slid back to accommodate the bath thermistor. The dark blue curverepresents the set point entered into the TC202A temperature controller. The lightblue curve is the temperature measured at the radiator fins.

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