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  Añf 18 • Lôiorf 8;= • $=

 Hoc 1 ac ; ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

 G]]L4 155?-1505

POUG]XA ]OIALA

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HGPOMXFP Igkuoc @ahgccfffimgfhopapocNyabff.mfi.ix]_@HGPOMXFP  Dfsç Pçyoz droyozNmfltra cgloa .mfi.ix

MFFPHGLAHFPO] 

GLEFPIAMGÝL Týsgif Maiambf zfsgifNmfltra cgloa .mfi.ix  

OHGMGÝL Lalmy EcfroslalmyNmfltracgloa.mfi.ixMFLXPACÉLOA XU Çrgja PaiérozosfoigNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix [O@ Kflzacf IfltorrfsaglefNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix OMFLFIÉA Iarmfs MbávoziarmfsNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix APXO Momgcga IartélozmomgcgaNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix HG]OÑF Igkuoc IglorfigigkaNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix ^_@CGMGHAH  Dalot t Ac`a dalot tNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix ^PFH_MMGÝL Cugs JualprfhummgflNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix 

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Ocva IolhfzaocvaNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix Axoc ^casaaxocNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix Iaurgmgf PfiorfiaurgmgfNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix 

HOEOL]FP HOC ^OPGFHG]XA Ácvarf Mopoha LorgmopohalorgNprfhgky.lot.ix HOEOL]FP HOC COMXFP 

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Ea`gf @ar`fsaea`gf`ar`fsamalfNkiagc.mfi

Igkuoc Mflmba IacfohumamgflNhorombfsbuialfs.frk.ix Iartél Osparza karrascof5Nyabff. mfi.ix Ohkar Kflzácoz PugzohkarkrNprfhgky.lot.ix Pf`ortf Kacglhf kacoflhocsurNbftiag c.mfi]aiuoc Cara UgccasaiuoccaravgccaNkiagc.mfi^a`cf Ifmtozuia @arrakálpa`cfifmtozuiaNbftiagc.mfiArgoc LfyfcalfyfcaraNkiagc.mfiAhrgál Paiérozprosgholmga.cgiohhbNkiagc.mfi

A]G]XOLXO [O@ Arialhf Mfvarru`gas

GC_]XPAHFPO] 

Igkuoc KacglhfigkacglhfpNkiagc.mfiHavgh IalrgquoialrgquoNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix  

POHAMMGÝL ???8-7178^_@CGMGHAH ???8-717=]_]MPG^MGFLO]W UOLXA HO CG@PF] ???8-7170

Av. Péf Mburu`usmf ?7>, mfcflga Hoc Mariol,hocokamgýl Mfyfamál, M^ >81>>, Içxgmf, HE

^rosgholto ho ca Popô`cgma

Olrgquo ̂ oña Lgotf, y

prfmurahfra kolorac ho ca

Popô`cgma, Arocy Kýioz4

Oc vgorlos 12 ho hg-

mgoi`ro ho 0>1? so pu`cgmý

ol oc Hgargf Femgac ho ca

 Eohoramgýl oc amuorhf pfr oc

muac so mroa –ca _lghah ho

Glvostgkamgýl ho Hocgtfs

para ̂ orsflas Igkraltos

 y oc Iomalgsif ho Apfyf

Oxtorgfr Ioxgmalf ho

@ôsquoha o Glvostgkamgýl’.

Hgmbf amuorhf roprosolta

ul prgior pasf para cas vém-

tgias igkraltos y sus eaig-

cgas ol oc ammosf a ca dustgmga

hosho su paés ho frgkol.

Oc Iomalgsif ho Apf-

 yf Oxtorgfr porigtgrá pro-

soltar holulmgas, odormorhosho su paés ca mfahyuval-

mga para partgmgpar y har

sokugigoltf a cas glvostgka-

mgflos ho cfs mréiolos ol

mfltra ho porsflas igkral-

tos ol trálsgtf pfr Içxgmf,

asé mfif ho eamgcgtar oc

ammosf a tfhfs cfs horombfs

mfif vémtgias quo provçl

cas coyos ioxgmalas. ]o usa-

rál cas glstacamgflos ho cas

oi`adahas ioxgmalas mfl

oc apfyf ho ca Akrokahuréa

ho ca ^rfmurahuréa Kolorac

ho ca Popô`cgma (^KP).

Ahoiás, so mroará ula

ulghah ospomgacgzaha ol ca

^KP para glvostgkar mréio-

los ol mfltra ho porsflas

igkraltos quo ostá ahsmrgta

a ca ]u`prfmurahuréa ho

Horombfs Buialfs, ̂ ro-

 volmgýl hoc Hocgtf y ]orvg-

mgfs a ca Mfiulghah.

A ca eomba, ca _lghah

ho Igkraltos ho ca ^KP

lf muolta mfl ul tgtucar.

]a`oifs quo ol osto if-

ioltf so ostál roacgzalhf

oltrovgstas para hotoriglar

qugçl sorá ca porsfla quo

fmupará osto markf tal gi-

pfrtalto para ca pf`camgýl

igkralto.

Pomfrhaifs quo oc

amuorhf, mflstrughf ol

mfldultf oltro sfmgohah

mgvgc y ca ^rfmurahuréa

Kolorac ho ca Popô`cgma

oluiora mrgtorgfs ho ox-porgolmga y ho porec para

ostfs tgtucaros, tacos mfif4

•Oxporgolmga amrohgta-

ha ol cas iatorgas rocamgf-

lahas mfl oc f`dotf ho ca

_lghah, ol ospomgac olho-

rombf gltorlamgflac ho cfs

horombfs buialfs, atol-

mgýl a vémtgias y horombfs

ho cas porsflas igkraltos:

•]or ho lftfrga `uola

mflhumta y lf ba`or sghf

mflholahf, iohgalto sol-

tolmga grrovfma`co, mfif

rospflsa`co ho ul hocgtf

hfcfsf, lg ba`or ekura-

hf mfif rospflsa`co ho

 vgfcamgflos ho horombfs

buialfs ol rosfcumgflos

mfl oeomtfs ho soltolmga ho

frkalgsifs ho prftommgýl

ho cfs horombfs buialfs:

•Lf ostar suspolhghf

lg ba`or sghf hostgtughf f

glba`gcgtahf pfr rosfcumgýl

erio mfif sorvghfr pô-

`cgmf.

Oc porec ahomuahf ho

qugol fmupará ca tgtucarghah

ho ca _lghah ho ^orsflas

Igkraltos os eulhaioltac

para cfkrar quo iohgalto

ula mflhummgýl oeomtgva,

cfkro ccovar a ma`f cas am-

mgflos olmfiolhahas ol

oc mgtahf Amuorhf. ]fcgmg-

taifs aia`coiolto a ca

^rfmurahuréa Kolorac ho ca

Popô`cgma y a ca ^rosghol-

mga ho ca Popô`cgma quo cas y cfs malhghatfs mflsghora-

hfs muipcal osto porec y

quo oc prfmosf ho socommgýl

 vorgequo quo so muipca mfl

cfs roqugsgtfs osta`comghfs.

Ho`ghf a ca gipfrtal-

mga ho osto lfi`raigoltf

para vémtgias y krupfs ho

ca sfmgohah mgvgc, sfcgmgta-

ifs quo so tralsparolto

ca cgsta ho qugçlos sfl cfs

malhghatfs y malhghatas

a oxaiglar a el ho quo

puoha ba`or ula rotrfa-

cgioltamgýl, ol masf ho

sor lomosargf, sf`ro ackôl

porec sf`ro oc muác so tolka

ackula huha.

L_O]XPF] COMXFPO]F^GLGÝL

HO]GKLAMGÝL HO XGX_CAP HO

_LGHAH HO IGKPALXO] OL ^KP

]FCGMGXAL XPAL]^APOLXAP

8 1 ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

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www.mfltracgloa.mfi.ix   ?

Mfigto ho Eaigcgaros ho

Igkraltos hosaparomghfs ho Oc

^rfkrosf, Wfrf: Eulhamgýl para

ca Dustgmga y oc Ostahf Hoifmrá-

 tgmf ho Horombf, AM: [FCA

(Femgla ol [asbglktfl paraAsultfs Catglfaiorgmalfs):

Masa hoc Igkralto ]actgccf

(Erfltora mfl Dustgmga, AM): _l

Iulhf ula Lamgýl, AM, Ac`or-

kuo Ca ]akraha Eaigcga, Apgzamf,

Xcaxmaca: Moltrf Hgfmosalf

para cfs Horombfs Buialfs

Eray Dual ho Cargfs, AM: Glgmgatgva

Jglf, AM: Glgmgatgva Mguhahala

Pokgýl ^uo`ca: ]orvgmgf Dosugta a

Igkraltos-Içxgmf: ^fr ul Mbg-

buabua Cg`ro y ]gl Xoifr: Glstg-

 tutf ]acvahfroñf hoc Igkralto:

^fr ca ]uporamgýl ho ca Iudor,

AM: Ioxgmals alh Aiorgmals

Xbgljglk Xfkotbor : Ufmos Iosfa-

iorgmalas: Horombfs Buialfs

Gltokracos ol Ammgýl, AM: Glstgtu-

 tf para cas Iudoros ol ca Igkra-

mgýl, AM: ̂ rfkraia ho Asultfs

Igkratfrgfs, _lgvorsghah G`o-

rfaiorgmala: Eulhar Moltrf ho

Alácgsgs y ho Glvostgkamgýl: Ma-salgmfcás: Glstgtutf ho Ostuhgfs

y Hgvuckamgýl sf`ro Igkramgýl,

AM: Mfcomtgvf Igkramgflos

para cas Aiçrgmas: 107 rohos y

frkalgzamgflos ho Ostahfs _lg-

hfs, Içxgmf y Moltrfaiçrgma:

Mfcomtgvf ho Hoeolsfros/as ho

Igkraltos y Poeukgahfs/as: Mf-

comtgvf _stohos ]fifs Lfsf-

 trfs (Uacco ho Içxgmf): Moltrf

ho Horombfs Buialfs Gklamgf

Occamuréa ]D ho ca _lgvorsghah

G`orfaiorgmala ̂ uo`ca: ]orvgmgf

 Dosugta a Igkraltos Içxgmf (Mgu-

hah ho Içxgmf): Ac`orkuo Bor-

ialfs ol oc Maiglf (Faxama):

Masa hoc Igkralto Xatgmd ]aiuoc

(Mbgapas): Masa hoc Igkralto Oc

]aiargtalf Borialas ho cfs

]akrahfs Mfrazflos (Bghackf):

]oiglargf ]maca`rglgalf (Mguhah

ho Içxgmf): Borialas ho ]al

 Dfsç ho Cyýl (ol oc ac òrkuo

Homalac Kuahacupalf ol Uora-mruz): Masa hoc Igkralto ]alta

Iartba (Luovf Coýl): Masa hoc

Igkralto Masa Lgmfcás (Luo-

vf Coýl): Mfigtç Iflsoñfr

Pfiorf (Masa hoc Igkralto

Xfmbál, Mguhah ho Içxgmf):

Masa hoc Igkralto ho ]actgccf

(Mfabugca): Moltrf ho Atolmgýl

ac Igkralto Lomosgtahf (]flf-

ra): Kcf`ac [frjors (Mguhah

ho Içxgmf): Masa hoc Igkralto

]alta Mruz (Mbgapas): Cas ^atrf-

las (Uoramruz): Poh Dosugta mfl

Igkraltos ho Catglf Aiçrgma:

]IP ]maca`rglgalas Igsgýl para

Igkraltos y Poeukgahfs (Mguhah

ho Içxgmf): Igsgfloras ]maca`rg-

lgalas (Mguhah ho Içxgmf): Axoc

Karméa Mar`accar:. Grazô Kýioz:

Poh Lamgflac ho Frkalgsifs

Mgvgcos ho Horombfs Buialfs

Xfhfs cfs Horombfs para Xfhas

y Xfhfs (mflefriaha pfr ;7frkalgzamgflos ol 01 ostahfs ho

ca Popô`cgma ioxgmala)

Faxama, sokulhf ostahfiás pocgkrfsf paraodormor oc porgfhgsif

Cfs asosglatfs ho cfs mfiulg-

mahfros Iarmfs Borlálhoz

@autgsta y Pogloc Iartéloz

Morquoha porpotrahfs cfs héas

01 y 00 ho olorf, rospomtgva-

iolto, ol oc ostahf ho Faxa-

ma, mflvgortol a osa oltghah

ol ca sokulha iás pocgkrfsa

para odormor oc porgfhgsif ol

Içxgmf, hospuçs ho Uoramruz,

 ya quo oltro ducgf ho 0>1= y

olorf ho 0>15, huralto ca ah-

iglgstramgýl hoc kf`orlahfr

Ka`glf Muç Ifltoakuhf, so

bal rokgstrahf fmbf bfigmghgfs

ho tra`adahfros y hgromtgvfs hoiohgfs ho mfiulgmamgýl.

Cas y cfs asfmgahfs ho ca

Masa ho cfs Horombfs ho ^orgf-

hgstas, AM, bgmgorfl ul ccaiahf

ac prosgholto ho ca Popô`cgma,

Olrgquo ̂ oña Lgotf, ac kf`or-

lahfr faxaquoñf y ac esmac

kolorac hoc ostahf, Bçmtfr Dfa-

quél Marrgccf Pugz, a roacgzar

cas ammgflos portgloltos para

quo ostfs mréiolos lf quohol

gipulos mfif ba sumohghf

mfl ftrfs masfs ho porgfhgstas

asosglahfs huralto cfs ôctgifs

tros añfs ol aquocca oltghah hoc

]ur ho Içxgmf.

Xaltf cfs bfigmghgfs, mfif

ftrfs akravgfs a porgfhgstas

hfmuioltahfs pfr osta asf-

mgamgýl mgvgc, sfl ula pruo`a

ho quo ol Faxama oxgsto ula

mrgsgs ol iatorga ho cg`ortah

ho oxprosgýl, sgtuamgýl quo soakuhgza ol cfmacghahos su`ur-

`alas y ruracos, hflho porsf-

las tra`adahfras ho iohgfs ho

mfiulgmamgýl sfl vémtgias ho

 vgfcamgflos porialoltos a sus

horombfs buialfs, ul patrýl

quo vuclora oc Horombf a ca

Glefriamgýl ho ca sfmgohah ol

oltghahos mfcglhaltos mfl Fa-

xama mfif Uoramruz, ̂ uo`ca,

Kuorrorf y Mbgapas.

Os urkolto quo frkalgsifs

gltorlamgflacos, mfif ca Frka-

lgzamgýl ho cas Lamgflos _lg-

has (FL_) y ca Frkalgzamgýl

ho Ostahfs Aiorgmalfs (FOA),

mflfzmal ca akrosgýl sgstoiátg-

ma quo vgvol cas y cfs porgfhgs-

tas y tfha aquocca porsfla quo

odormo su horombf a ca cg`ortah

ho oxprosgýl.

Cas zflas cgiétrfeos oltro

Faxama y cfs ostahfs vomglfs

sfl hflho so rokgstral mfliayfr çleasgs cas akrosgflos a

porgfhgstas, ac sor rokgflos ol

hflho prgva ca gipulghah, ca

mguhahaléa lf tgolo karaltg-

zahf oc horombf ho ammosf a ca

 dustgmga, lg oc horombf a ca vgha.

Oc 01 ho olorf pfr ca

lfmbo, euo asosglahf ho ul

`acazf ol ca ma`oza Iarmfs

Borlálhoz @autgsta, mfrros-

pflsac hoc porgýhgmf Lftgmgas y

mflmodac ho Muctura hoc iu-

lgmgpgf ho ]altgakf Daigctopom.

Cfs bombfs so rokgstrarfl

ol oc iulgmgpgf ho ]al Alhrçs

Buaxpactopom, sf`ro ca Marro-

tora Eohorac 0>> quo mfiulgma

ac ostahf ho Faxama mfl oc ho

Kuorrorf.

Igoltras quo oc 00 ho olo-

rf pfr ca tarho euo asosglahf

iohgalto vargfs gipamtfs ho

`aca Pogloc Iartéloz Morquo-ha, ol oc iulgmgpgf ]altgakf

Cafcca, ol ca rokgýl hoc Gstif

ho Xobualtopom, mfcglhalto

mfl oc ostahf ho Mbgapas.

Iartéloz Morquoha, ho 8=

añfs ho ohah, mflhuméa tros

prfkraias iusgmacos ol ca ra-

hgf mfiulgtarga Oc Ialaltgac,

ol oso iulgmgpgf u`gmahf a

ulfs =>> jgcýiotrfs ac frgolto

ho ca mguhah ho Faxama.

Mfl ca iuorto ho Iar-

téloz Morquoha suial fmbf

mfiulgmahfros asosglahfs

ol Faxama hoc añf 0>1= a ca

eomba.

Masa ho cfs Horombfs ho

^orgfhgstas, AM

L_O]XPF] COMXFPO] F^GLGÝL

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MFLXOLGHF

08     ^     F

     P     X     A     H     A

Iás ho 10 igc igccflos ho posfs sacgorfl hocas armas ioxgmalas para oc pakf ho –mfltrg`u-mgflos vfcultargas’ a frkalgsifs gltorlamgfla-cos, mfif ca FL_ y ca FIM

IÇRGMF ^AKÝ 10 IGCIGCCFLO] A FPKALG]IF]GLXOPLAMGFLACO]

 F^GLGÝL

L_O]XPF] COMXFPO]

FEGMGF HO ^A^OC _LA BG]XFPGA HO GI^_LGHAH OL CA _LAI

Igkuoc @ahgccf

HOEOL]FP HOC ̂ OPGFHG]XAIÇRGMF O] OC FMXAUF C_KAP HOC

I_LHF MFL IÁ] BFIGMGHGF] HO ̂ OPGFHG]XA] Ácvarf Mopoha Lorg

TFLA MOPF A 77 AÑF], CA MFL]XGX_MGÝL BA I_OPXF

Týsgif Maiambf

AKOLHA HO CA MFPP_^MGÝL CF] 1? D_GMGF] HO ^OIOR ^FP

HO]^FDF HO XGOPPA] Lalmy EcfrosAPXÉM_CF]

POEFPIA CA@FPAC4 A 8 AÑF], LGLKÔL @OLOEGMGF A

XPA@ADAHFPO] Iartél Osparza

ALXO CA MPG]G], ]GK_O OC XPG_LEACG]IF K_@OPLAIOLXAC

 Dfrko Iocçlhoz ^romgahf

AMA@AP MFL CA IG]OPGA Caura Taiarrgokf Iaostro

¶^FHPÁ P_]GA MFL CA FCOAHA HO GLIGKPALXO]

_MPALGALF]6 Wucga @orot/G^]

8

2

1>

10

18

15

12

0>

00

MFLXPACÉLOA. ^OPGFHG]IF HO GLUO]XGKAMGÝL -añf 18, lôiorf8;=, hoc 1 ac ; ho eo`rorf ho 0>15- os ula pu`cgmamgýl soialac ohgta-ha pfr Ohgtfrgac Cg`ortah y Oxprosgýl, ]A ho MU: Avolgha Péf Mbu-ru`usmf ?7>, mfcflga Hoc Mariol, hocokamgýl Mfyfamál, M^ >81>>,Içxgmf, HE: tocçeflfs4 ?? ?8 71 7= y ?? ?8 71 78: www.mfltracgloa.mfi.ix, glefNmfltracgloa.mfi.ix. Ohgtfr rospflsa`co4 Akustél Ig-kuoc @ahgccf Mruz. Lôiorf ho rosorva ac tétucf ho horombf ho au-

 tfr4 >8-0> >1-10>51582> 8 >> -1>0. Lôio rf ho mor tgfimahf ho cgmg-

 tuh ho t étucf4 10058, y h o mfltolghf4 2712. G] ]L4 155?-1505. Ostolôiorf so toriglý ho giprgigr oc 07 ho olorf ho 0>15. Hgstrg`ug-ha pfr ca _lgýl ho Ufmoahfros ho Içxgmf, hospambf ho Kcfrga ]al-

 tgccál, Gkl amgf Iargs mac 88, mfc. Xa`amac ora , M^ >5>=>, Içxg mf, HE, to-cçeflf ?? 70 >2 71.

MFLXPACÉLOA 

romflfmo oc ho`or ho voramghah y ca mcáusuca ho mfl-mgolmga ho ropfrtorfs y artgmucgstas. Cfs toxtfs sfl rospflsa`gcghah hosus autfros. Cas fpglgflos oxprosahas pfr cfs autfros lf lomosa-rgaiolto roffodal ca pfstura hoc ohgtfr ho ca pu`cgmamgýl. Quoha tftac-

iolto prfbg`gha ca roprfhummgýl tftac f parmgac ho cfs mfltolghfs fgiákolos ho ca pu`cgmamgýl sgl provga autfrgzamgýl ho Ohgtfrgac Cg`or-

 tah y Oxprosgýl, ]A ho MU.

Mgrmucamgýl mortgfimaha pfr Pfiay

Borigha y Méa, ]M, efcgf4 >>>1>-PBW

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www.mfltracgloa.mfi.ix  

MFLXOLGHF

 ALÁCG]G]

OMFLÝIGMF Mfrrorál a iás ho 0> igc oipcoahfs pô`cgmfs osto añf Iarmfs Mbávoz

]FMGAC Oc horombf a hoeolhor cfs horombfs buialfs Eorlalhf Péfs Iartéloz

?0

5>

 GLUO]XGKAMGÝL

^FPXAHA Içxgmf oltroký 10 igc igccflos a frkalgsifs gltorlamgflacos 

Çrgja Paiéroz

IOHGF] Horombf ho Pçpcgma, ifrhaza ac porgfhgsif mrétgmf Ocva Iolhfza

CÉLOA KCF@AC Glhustrga igcgtar4 ostratokga y hfmtrglas hoeolsgvas ho Pusga Dfrko

^otglauh Iartéloz/^rolsa Catgla

CÉLOA KCF@AC Ahgýs a ospomgos ho pomos mfiostg`cos Mbrgstfpbor ^aca/G^]

08

=0

=2

82

 IG]MOCÁLOF

OR CG@PG] Marfcglo Acoxalhor4 rooxgflos sf`ro Ca Gcéaha ho Bfiorf Ácvarf

Mopoha Lorg

]FMGOHAH @OXA Ospgflado mffc  Kflzacf Ifltorrfsa

^A]F A HO]LGUOC Dustgmga vorho Igkuoc Kacglhf

58

5?

55

Gcustramgýl ho pfrtaha4 Momgcga Iartéloz y 10=PE

82

?0 5>

=0 =2

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2 1 ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

FEGMGF HO ^A^OCF^GLGÝL

]gl gipfrtar ca cgamgýl pfcétgma (prgéstas,

palgstas f porrohgstas), ol cfs ôctgifs añfs

boifs vgstf mýif ca mfrrupmgýl so ba mfl-

 vortghf ol ul málmor gipfsg`co ho oxtgrpar y quo

polotra o glvaho tfhfs cfs somtfros ho ca sfmgo-

hah. Hoskramgahaiolto, oso eolýiolf sfmgac,

quo prgifrhgaciolto aeomta a ca `urfmramga, ba

acmalzahf tai`gçl a ca _lgvorsghah Lamgflac

Autýlfia ho Içxgmf (_LAI).

Ol cfs ôctgifs iosos ho kostgýl hoc altorgfr

romtfr Dfsç Larrf Pf`cos, ca Mfltracfréa ho ca

iáxgia masa ho ostuhgfs, mflmrotaiolto ca Hg-

rommgýl Kolorac ho Pospflsa`gcghahos, Glmfl-

efrighahos y Pokgstrf ^atrgiflgac, a markf ho

Bui`ortf Ifbolf

Hgoz, hosmu`rgý kravos

grrokucarghahos ol ocialodf hoc prosupuos-

tf y ol ca mfltratamgýl

ho `golos y sorvgmgfs

para ca roacgzamgýl ho

ca Fcgipgaha Lamgf-

lac 0>18.

Mfltrargf a quo so gipusgoral salmgflos a

cfs rospflsa`cos ho tacos alfiacéas hosmu`gortas

pfr ca prfpga Mfltracfréa, mfif so osporaréa quo

fmurrgora ol ula glstgtumgýl amahçigma quo os

odoipcf ho mflfmgigoltf y aprolhgzado para cas

luovas koloramgflos, cas autfrghahos ulgvorsgta-

rgas (cas altorgfros y cas amtuacos) bal proeorghf

prftokor a cfs rospflsa`cos y fmuctar cas eactas ah-

iglgstratgvas y cfs supuostfs hosvéfs ho romursfs

pô`cgmfs, sokôl so ha muolta pultuaciolto ol oc

glefrio ho =8 pákglas `adf lôiorf HKPGP^/

HOPO/>1/0>1? y eombahf oc 2 ho dulgf ho 0>1?.

Ol mfcuilas altorgfros oxpcgmaifs quo hu-

ralto = iosos, hoc 1= ho fmtu`ro ho 0>18 ac 1?

ho olorf ho 0>1?, ca Mfltracfréa ho ca _LAI

rovgsý cas fporamgflos lalmgoras, cfs prfmohg-

igoltfs y ca lfriatgvghah para oc mfltrfc y odor-

mgmgf ho 0>.; igccflos ho posfs apfrtahfs pfr ca

Mfigsgýl Lamgflac ho Muctura Eésgma y Hopfrto

(Mflaho) mfl iftgvf ho ca Fcgipgaha Lamgflac

0>18, ol hflho ca _lgvorsghah euo su`soho ol cas

hgsmgpcglas ho roif, lahf sglmrflgzahf, malftado,

tgrf mfl armf, bfmjoy sf`ro bgocf y pfcf amuátgmf.

Ca auhgtfréa ulgvorsgtarga romflfmo mfltul-

holtoiolto quo bu`f iôctgpcos grrokucarghahos

o glmuipcgigoltfs ol ca apcgmamgýl ho ca lfria-

tgvghah o glstruiolta-

mgýl ho mfltrfcos para

oc `uol usf ho romursfslalmgorfs pfr parto

ho ca Hgrommgýl Kolorac

ho Amtgvghahos Hopfrtg-

 vas y Pomroatgvas (Hka-

hyr) ho ca _LAI, a

markf ho ]ovorglf Pu`gf Hfiélkuoz, y ho sus

su`actorlfs Iaxgigcgalf Akugcar ]acazar, hgrom-

tfr ho Hopfrto Poprosoltatgvf, y Dfsç Cugs Iarél

Mfrroa, somrotargf amahçigmf, oltro ftrfs.

Ho cas iumbas alfiacéas hosmu`gortas, hos-

tama quo oc => pfr mgoltf ho cas orfkamgflos, quo

asmolhgorfl a 5 igccflos =21 igc ?=?.11 posfs,

so roacgzarfl mfl markf a euoltos hgstgltas ac pa-

trfmglgf ftfrkahf pfr ca Mflaho. Ahoiás, ol ca

ahqugsgmgýl ho `golos y sorvgmgfs lf so roacgzý

cgmgtamgýl ackula y taipfmf bay ovgholmga ho ca

moco`ramgýl ho mfltratfs, cf quo ba`réa porig-

tghf amtfs ho mfrrupmgýl y a`usf pfr parto ho

_LA BG]XFPGA

HO GI^_LGHAH OL CA _LAI

IGK_OC @AHGCCF

Ho cas alfiacéas, hostama quo oc =>%ho cas orfkamgflos, pfr 5 igccflos =21 igcposfs, so roacgzarfl mfl markf a euoltoshgstgltas ac patrfmglgf ho ca Mflaho

 

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FEGMGF HO ^A^OC   F^GLGÝL

hgromtgvfs ulgvorsgtargfs. Xai`gçl bu`f hosvéfs

pfr 207 igc 0=0 posfs a mflmoptfs adolfs a ca

Fcgipgaha.

Oltro osfs hosvéfs so suial cfs =05 igc =;0

posfs para pakar ula mfigha ho mflvgvolmga

oltro oxdukahfros ho eut`fc aiorgmalf ho caOsmuoca Lamgflac ho Oleorioréa y F`stotrgmga

(OLOF) y cfs dukahfros ho ̂ uias M_ Cgka Ia-

 yfr, quo tuvf ul mfstf ho 8= igc ?>> posfs, asé

mfif ca acgioltamgýl y bfspohado hoc oqugpf ho

`acflmostf ol oc bftoc Ugccas ̂ fsahas, pfr ul mfs-

tf ho 020 igc 2;= posfs. Amtgvghahos tftaciolto

adolas a cf osta`comghf ol oc mfltratf.

]gl salmgýl ackula pfr ca iaca

ahiglgstramgýl ac erolto ho ca Hkah-

 yr, su tgtucar Pu`gf Hfiélkuoz sýcf

–rolulmgý’, hgmol ol ca Mfltracfréa,

ac markf quo toléa ol ca _LAI, y ho

gliohgatf euo mfltratahf ol ca ]omro-

taréa ho ]acuh mfif hgromtfr ho Ohu-

mamgýl ol ]acuh, mfl tros su`hgrommgf-

los `adf su luovf ialhf quo fmupa

hosho oc 1 ho olorf ho 0>15. ]u doeo

gliohgatf oxpcgmý ba`or vorgmahf

mfl oc mfltracfr ho ca _LAI sg ba`éa

ackôl gipohgioltf para mfltratarcf y

abé co mflriarfl quo lf bu`f sal-

mgýl ackula pfr cf fmurrghf.

Alto tal hocgmahf asultf fmurrghfmualhf Larrf Pf`cos hgrgkgý ca _lg-

 vorsghah Lamgflac, ca soiala pasa-

ha oc ropfrtorf Iaurgmgf Pfiorf ho

Mfltracéloa so olmfltrý mfl oc oxromtfr,

qugol oleuromgý mualhf co prokultý

sf`ro ca glvostgkamgýl quo ccový a ma`f

oc ýrkalf ho mfltrfc ho ca _LAI. Ostf os cf quo

larra oc ropfrtorf4

Apapambahf oltro cfs sokughfros hoc porro-

hgsta Dosôs Frtoka, Dfsç Larrf so hoda tfiar ef-

tfs, akrahomo mfl vfz torsa a qugolos cf bacakal.

]acuha ac quo co oxtgolha ca ialf. Os ca kura

ostocar.

‟Cf bo `usmahf huralto soialas, iosos,

hfmtfr ”co suocta oc ropfrtorf a `fmadarrf.

Larrf Pf`cos asgolto, aia`co, mfif glvgtal-

hf mfl ca igraha a mfltgluar. ^orf ca sflrgsa y

ca satgseammgýl so `frral hoc rfstrf tras ula paca-

`ra. Oc oxromtfr arruka ca mara y tolsa cfs bfi-

`rfs mualhf osmumba –auhgtfréa’.

‟^catgquo ustoh mfl cfs rospflsa`cos ”ro-

mbaza mfl ftra vfz, hura: ca aia`gcghah so ba

porhghf”. Wf ya lf sfy romtfr hosho bamo tgoi-

pf ”ovaho qugol aôl vgsto mfr`ata ho rayas azuc y frf, frkuccfsf ho sor ulgvorsgtargf y ho ba`or

sghf oc ialhaiás ho ca iás kralho ulgvorsghah

ho Aiçrgma Catgla.

‟^orf ca auhgtfréa gltorla so bgzf ol oc ôctg-

if añf ho su romtfrahf, hfmtfr.

‟¡Cf sç poreomtaiolto!

‟Oltflmos poriétaio sýcf ul par ho pro-

kultas, hfmtfr.

‟Wf lf vfy a homgr laha. ^catgma mfl cfs

rospflsa`cos ”ospota sgl fmuctar su oleahf.

‟^orf ustoh, mfif romtfr, euo rospflsa-

`co…

Oc oxromtfr ostacca, lf akualta ca vorkóolza.

‟¡Wf lf vfy a homgr laha! ”mfrta ho tadf. Ca

igraha ho Larrf abfra bgorvo igoltras lgoka

ula y ftra voz mfl ca ma`oza a ca voz quo mfl ca

ialf oxtolhgha aparta ho olerolto ac ropfrtorf

quo lulma iás qugoro vfcvor a vor.

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HOEOL]FP HOC ^OPGFHG]XA

1> 1 ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

F^GLGÝL

^fr ca maltghah ho bfigmghgfs ho porgfhgstas y

su gipulghah, luostrf paés fmupa oc fmtavf

cukar ol oc iulhf, sokôl oc ôctgif ropfr-

to hoc Mfigtç ^ara ^rftokor ^orgfhgstas (M^D). Oc

sachf os ho =? prfeosgflacos ho cfs iohgfs ho mf-

iulgmamgýl prgvahfs ho ca vgha hosho 1770. W 80

iás sf`ro cfs quo so mgorlo ca sfspomba quo euorfl

asosglahfs (dultf mfl oc eftfporgfhgsta uctgiahf

ol ca mfcflga Larvarto ho ca Mguhah ho Içxgmf, y

cfs 11 ̀ acoahfs ol Uoramruz), pfr su amtgvghah prf-

eosgflac sf`ro tfhf ol ca prolsa osmrgta. Lf sfl,

pfr supuostf, masfs adolfs a ca vgfcolmga mrgiglac

quo tgolo Içxgmf, hflho eulmgflargfs y sgmargfs

ho çstfs y ho ca hocglmuolmga frkalgzaha ocgiglal

ropfrtorfs pfr ̀ usmar glefriamgýl y harca a mflf-

mor a ca fpglgýl pô`cg-

ma. Occfs sfl parto ho caatorrahfra glsokurghah

quo pahomoifs y quo

ba ghf mromgolhf ol cf

quo os ula gltolmgflac

gipulghah, para quo

lf so sopa, a mgolmga

mgorta, qugçlos sfl cfs autfros gltocomtuacos ho osfs

mréiolos.

Lf so ba hodahf ho iatar porgfhgstas hosho

bamo, ac iolfs, => añfs: y iás hosho quo auiol-

tarfl cfs bfigmghgfs pfcétgmfs a partgr ho 1778, ya

quo oc autfrgtargsif prosgholmgac pflo cas mflhg-

mgflos para osfs bombfs, ac parodf hoc mromgigoltf

hocglmuolmgac y hoc larmftráemf. Cfs ropfrtorfs

sfl ca prosa. W os quo çstfs sfl qugolos bal ostahf

oxbg`golhf cas mrgsgs quo pahomol cfs ioxgmalfs,

oltro occas, puos, ca sfmgfomflýigma ol oc mfltoxtf

ho ca salkrgolta glsokurghah quo ̀ rfta hoc solf ho

tfhas cas hocglmuolmgas. Ol oc porgfhgsif, occfs sfl

cfs quo hgromtaiolto hal ca mara ac sor pu`cgmahas

sus glefriamgflos.

Oc ropfrtorf Havgh @rffjs (  Ca Dfrlaha, 1; ho

hgmgoi`ro ho 0>1?) ba mu`gortf ca euolto ho ca

M^D y prfpfrmgflahf cas mgeras hraiátgmas ho bf-

igmghgfs, olmarmocaigoltfs y akrosgflos a cfs po-

rgfhgstas hoc iulhf. Ol oc porgfhf ho 1 añf bal

sghf prgvahfs ho ca vgha 177 y iás ho 1>> bal

quohahf ol ca gipulghah, pfrquo lf mflvgolo a

cfs rospflsa`cos quo ya lf olmuoltral ca efria ho

sgcolmgar a ca prolsa. Lf f`stalto cas lfvohahos

ol ca tomlfcfkéa, ca prolsa osmrgta pfr oc iulhf

rosgsto osas gllfvamgflos quo ca qugorol sustgtugr, y

osf gipcgma oc tra`adf ho porgfhgstas para roma`ar

glefriamgýl y pu`cg-

marca, soa hoc toia quosoa, porf quo ho tfhas

ialoras a cfs glvfcu-

mrahfs cos hgskusta quo

mgrmucol ho ialora gi-

prosa.

Lf bay ul cukar hoc

iulhf hflho oc porgfhgsta lf soa amfsahf, ccokal-

hf a ca ocgiglamgýl eésgma. W Içxgmf os ul cukar

hflho ostas ocgiglamgflos bal volghf sumohgolhf

mftghgalaiolto. Ho cfs horombfs buialfs, oc ros-

potf a ca vgha os oc iás vgfcahf. ̂ uos eulmgflargfs

 y hocglmuoltos lf sfpfrtal vor ca cotra giprosa

hflho so glefria sf`ro sus amtgvghahos, quo os

cf quo tratal cfs ropfrtorfs ol sus ca`fros, para

quo mflfzmaifs cfs ovoltfs ho tfhfs cfs héas. _l

fmtavf cukar, atrás f hocalto ho cfs hoiás masfs

ho bfigmghgfs, hoiuostra quo Içxgmf tgolo ul

rçmfrh salkrgoltf para uctgiar mfiulgmahfros.

IÇRGMF O] OC FMXAUF C_KAP HOC I_LHF

MFL IÁ] BFIGMGHGF] HO ^OPGFHG]XA]

ÁCUAPF MO^OHA LOPG

Ol Içxgmf, =? prfeosgflacos hocfs iohgfs bal sghf prgvahfs ho cavgha hosho 1770. ^fr oc lôiorf hobfigmghgfs, fmupa oc fmtavf cukar

 

r

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HOEOL]FP HOC ^OPGFHG]XA   F^GLGÝL

Amusalhf quo ca glsokurghah kolorac os oc mfl-

toxtf hflho cfs porgfhgstas ioxgmalfs hgsigluyol

pfr asosglatf. W quo lf bay vfcultah pfcétgma para

quo cas glvostgkamgflos hol mfl oc parahorf ho cfs

sgmargfs y autfros gltocomtuacos, para quo puohal

sor salmgflahfs.

W iolfs prfmoho ca roparamgýl hoc hañf a cfs

eaigcgaros ho cfs ropfrtorfs quo sfl asosglahfs pfr

odormor oc porgfhgsif. Cfs kf`orlaltos hoc iulhf,

hflho osfs mréiolos bal tolghf cukar, glmurrol ol

mfipcgmghah, f ho pcalf sfl occfs cfs quo ialhal

odomutar osfs bfigmghgfs. W puostf quo prámtgma-

iolto sfl duoz y parto ho osa `ar`argo, ya lg sg-

qugora sfl olmarmocahfs, sacvf oxmopmgflaciolto,

 y sýcf mfif volkalza pfr ackula glhgsmgpcgla. Ca

prolsa osmrgta os oc iohgf ol oc quo iás ropfrtorfs

asosglal ol Içxgmf, sgl quo baya glvostgkamgýl ho

cfs iglgstorgfs pô`cgmfs quo ccovo a cfs mucpa`cos.

Oc élhgmo kcf`ac ho gipulghah, hoc Mfigtç

para ^rftokor ^orgfhgstas, soñaca quo luostrf paés

ostá oltro cfs prgiorfs 1> hflho bal auiolta-

hf mflsghora`coiolto cfs bfigmghgfs. W hflho

lf so sa`o qugçl f qugolos cfs asosglarfl: iumbf

iolfs qugçlos frholarfl osfs bfigmghgfs. Ca

gipulghah ol tfhfs cfs aspomtfs tai`gçl acmal-

za a cfs ropfrtorfs y hoiás porgfhgstas quo bal

ca`frahf ol ca glefriamgýl, y muya voramghah os cf

quo ifcosta a cfs prftakflgstas ho cfs bombfs. Cfs

prfeosgflacos hoc porgfhgsif ol luostrf paés ostál

sgolhf prosgflahfs pfr tfhfs cfs iohgfs para quo

lf pu`cgquol lg hoc larmftráemf lg ho cfs a`usfs

ho cfs kf`orlaltos, tolgolhf quo tra`adar mfl ca

pgstfca aiartgccaha ol ca sgol, y ca aiolaza ho quo

su vgha polho ho ul bgcf.

   M   O   M   G   C   G   A

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10 1 ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

TFLA MOPFF^GLGÝL

Q uç moco`rar osto ? ho eo`rorf, mualhfso –olmuoltra oltrflgzaha ca iachah yprfstgtughf ac mguhahalf: mualhf ca dus-tgmga ba sghf arrfdaha ho su toipcf pfr gleaiosiormahoros y sf`ro ca tui`a ho ca Mflstgtumgýlso acza mfl mglgsif ula tofmramga glauhgta. ¶^araquç romg`gr osta eomba, hgkla ho iodfr puo`cf,mfl bgpýmrgtas iuostras ho acokréa6

–Ca Mflstgtumgýl ba iuortf Z…Y: prftosta-ifs sfcoiloiolto mfltra cfs asosglfs ho occa,Zqugolos tolgolhfY mfif osmolargf salkrgoltfac puo`cf quo bal vodahf, moco`ral osto héa mfliuostras ho rokfmgdf y satgseammgýl.’

Oc osmrgtf os ho Pgmarhf Ecfros Iakýl. Hataho 17>=. Os ul oxtramtf hoc ohgtfrgac ho Oc Bgdf hoc

 Abugzfto quo so pu`cgmý oc 2 ho eo`rorf ho oso añf.

Amfipañý ula eftfkraeéa pu`cgmaha ol prgiorapcala quo, pfr mfrtoséa hoc Moltrf HfmuioltacEcfros Iakýl, AM ”a markf ho Hgokf Ecfros Ia-kýl”, roprfhumgifs ol ostas pákglas.

Xac ohgtfrgac pfhréa pu`cgmarso bfy y soréatftaciolto vgkolto. Ca Marta Iakla quo lfsrgko, y quo osto ? ho eo`rorf muipco 77 añfsho ba`or sghf prfiuckaha, ba sghf vamgaha hosus rogvglhgmamgflos ho dustgmga sfmgac. Os bfyul toxtf parmbahf o glmfborolto roefriahf ol580 fmasgflos. Ho amuorhf mfl glefriamgýl hocGlstgtutf Lamgflac ho Ostuhgfs Bgstýrgmfs ho casPovfcumgflos ho Içxgmf, hosho quo so oltrflgzýoc lofcg`oracgsif ol osto paés so ba roefriahf807 vomos4 55 huralto oc kf`gorlf ho Igkuoc hoca Iahrgh (1720-1722): ?? huralto oc ho Marcfs]acglas (1722-1778): ;; ol oc ho Orlostf Tohg-ccf (1778-0>>>): =1 ol oc ho Ugmolto Efx (0>>>-0>>5): 11> ol oc ho Eocgpo Machorýl (0>>5-0>10),

 y 7> ol cf quo va ho ca amtuac ahiglgstramgýl hoOlrgquo ^oña Lgotf.

Asé, cas ôctgias 807 roefrias ho artémucfs mfls-tgtumgflacos bal fmurrghf ol cfs ôctgifs == añfs.

Cas 01= roefrias rostaltos fmurrgorfl oltro170> y 1720. Hoc muatrgolgf ho Ácvarf F`rokýlac soxolgf ho Dfsç Cýpoz ^frtgccf4 50 añfs.

Ugstf ho ftra ialora pfhoifs homgr quo oc==.1; pfr mgoltf ho cas roefrias a ca Marta Iak-la ho cfs ioxgmalfs fmurrgý oltro 170> y 1720,igoltras quo oc 55.20 pfr mgoltf so roacgzý oltro172= y cf quo va hoc amtuac soxolgf.

]é. Mcarf quo tfhas cas mflstgtumgflos lf sýcfsfl susmoptg`cos ho sor roefriahas sglf quo glmcusfho`ol sor ifhgemahas ho amuorhf mfl oc hovolgr

bgstýrgmf-sfmgac ho cas sfmgohahos. ̂ orf mualhf ba-

`caifs ho ul hfmuioltf mfl 580 mai`gfs ”807ho occfs ol pfmf iás ho = hçmahas”, cf quo tolo-ifs olerolto os ul hfmuioltf quo lf mfrrospfl-ho mfl oc prfyomtf ho paés ho qugolos kf`gorlal.

Cf pofr lf os oc lôiorf ho roefrias sglf ocsoltghf quo bal tolghf hgmbfs mai`gfs.

¶Ackugol puoho arkuioltar quo ca amtuacMflstgtumgýl ̂ fcétgma ho cfs Ostahfs _lghfs Ioxg-malfs hoeolho a cfs maiposglfs, a cfs glhékolas,

a cfs tra`adahfros6 ¶^rftoko cas prfpgohahos mf-iulacos, mfcomtgvas y lamgflacos6 ¶Karaltgza ochorombf a ca ohumamgýl, a ca sacuh, a ca vgvgolha,a ca acgioltamgýl sala6 ^fr oc mfltrargf, so baaccalahf oc maiglf a cfs kralhos mflsfrmgfs4 sohospfdal a cfs odghfs y cas mfiulghahos glhékolaspara quo cfs kralhos oiprosargfs bakal sus lokf-mgfs, cfs tra`adahfros lf tgolol sokurghah ca`fracmfif taipfmf iomalgsifs para hoeolhorso hohospghfs f ho ca promargzamgýl ho cas mflhgmgflos

TÝ]GIF MAIAMBF

A 77 AÑF]CA MFL]XGX_MGÝL BA I_OPXF

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TFLA MOPF   F^GLGÝL

ol quo sfl mfltratahfs. Cfs romursfs laturacos,igloracos y hoc su`suocf so bal oltrokahf ac kralmapgtac…

Ol oeomtf, osta Mflstgtumgýl os ya glmfborolto y lf karaltgza ca hoeolsa ho cfs gltorosos ho cfs

tra`adahfros, maiposglfs y hoc puo`cf ol kolorac.]orá lomosargf roosmrg`grca.^orf lf os ca quo palgstas, prgéstas y cfs hoiás

pfcétgmfs prfeosgflacos ho cfs partghfs mfl rokgstrfostál hoialhalhf. Lf sorál occfs, cfs quo promg-saiolto arruglarfl ca Marta Iakla vgkolto, cfsquo rohamtol ula luova.

Mualhf cfsgltamba`cos po-rgfhgstas alar-qugstas prftosta-rfl pfr ca iuor-to ho ca Mflstg-tumgýl tai`gçlsamuhgorfl a susmguhahalfs mfl-toipfrálofs.Cos ospotarflquo osa eombaora –hgkla hoiodfr puo`cf’.Ol ca eftf sopuoho apromgar

a Pgmarhf yOlrgquo EcfrosIakýl: Eoho-rgmf ^çroz Eor-lálhoz: ]altga-kf ho ca Bfz:Xfiás, Ialuoc

 y Dual ]arà ga:@oldaiél Igccál: Ovargstf Kugccçl: Ka`rgoc ^çrozEorlálhoz: Altflgf Héaz ]ftf y Kaia, y Pfsacéf@ustaialto. ]o dukarfl ca cg`ortah y ca vgha.

]o roeoréal a ca Mflstgtumgýl ho 12?;. Cf quool 17>= alulmga`al ora ca kuorra quo oc puo-`cf tolhréa quo har para roosmrg`gr ula luovaMflstgtumgýl. Ca Povfcumgýl Ioxgmala glgmgaha; añfs iás tarho tuvf su oxprosgýl duréhgma olca Mflstgtumgýl ho 171;. _la luova pfhréa to-lor ya mfif `aso cfs Amuorhfs ho ]al Alhrçsho 1775 y, oltro ftrfs hfmuioltfs, oc prfpgf prf-

kraia hoc ̂ artghf Cg`orac ho 17>5, pu`cgmahf oloc ftrf cokolhargf porgýhgmf ho cfs Ecfros Iakýl,

 Pokoloramgýl, ol muya tormora çpfma oc hgromtfr oraPgmarhf Ecfros Iakýl, oc doeo ho Pohammgýl Dual]ara`ga y oc ahiglgstrahfr Olrgquo Ecfros Ia-

kýl, y muyf su`tétucf homéa4  ^orgýhgmf glhopolhgoltoho mfi`ato. Xac voz ftras `ataccas so tolhrál quocg`rar para mfltar mfl ula luova Mflstgtumgýl.^orf ca rospflsa`gcghah os y sorá hoc puo`cf. Xac

 y mfif oc prfpgf Pgmarhf Ecfros Iakýl oxbfr-ta`a ol ul hgsmursf ol 171;, f`tolghf ho ca @g-`cgftoma Ugrtuac Altfrmba4

–Cfs tgralfslf tgolol iáseuorza quo caquo cos haifslfsftrfs igs-ifs mfl luostraglhgeorolmga. Lfsfl cfs tgralfscfs mucpa`cos holuostrfs glefrtu-lgfs, sglf lfsf-trfs igsifs.

–^romgsf osmfleosarcf4 sg oc`urkuçs lfs hos-cfia ol oc tra-

`adf y oxgko holfsftrfs basta caôctgia kfta hosuhfr, ¶a qugçlso ho`o oso iacsglf a lfsftrfsigsifs, quo lfboifs sa`ghf

fpflor a ca oxpcftamgýl `urkuosa luostra prftosta y luostra ro`ochéa6

–Oc almgalf quo tgolho ca ialf toi`cfrfsaol hoialha ho ul iolhrukf: oc lgñf quo ccfraho eréf y ho bai`ro: ca iudor quo feromo su marlopfr ulas mualtas iflohas, sfl bombura luostra,a lfsftrfs ho`ol su glefrtulgf, pfrquo lf sa`o-ifs bamor ho luostrf pombf ul osmuhf: y luostrasialfs, amfstui`rahas a gipcfrar, sfl glmapamosho bglmarso, mfif tolazas, ol oc muoccf ho luostrfsvorhukfs.’

   M   F   P   X   O   ]    É   A   H   O   C   M   O   L   X   P   F    H

   F   M   _   I   O   L   X   A   C   E   C   F   P   O   ]   I   A   K    Ý   L ,   A .   M

 .

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18 1 ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

AKOLHA HO CA MFPP_^MGÝLF^GLGÝL

_lf ho cfs pofros rotrfmosfs quo tradf mfl-

sgkf ca roefria olorkçtgma os oc roeorolto

ac torrgtfrgf mfl pftolmgac olorkçtgmf. Ol

oc masf potrfcorf, ca luova rokcaioltamgýl glhgma

quo ca sorvghui`ro cokac ho bghrfmar`urfs tgolo

ul marámtor ostratçkgmf, y pfr taltf so prgvgcokga-

rál cfs gltorosos oiprosargacos pfr olmgia ho ca

 vfcultah ho cfs huoñfs ho ca tgorra, glmcusf mualhf

so trato ho puo`cfs glhékolas y maiposglfs.

Ca –sorvghui`ro cokac ho bghrfmar`urfs’ so

rooro taltf a ca roacgzamgýl ho amtgvghahos oxpcf-ratfrgas y oxtramtgvas mfif ac horombf ho véa f hopasf (roeorolto a cfs humtfs). Mfl çsta, cas oipro-

sas (soal prgvahas f pô`cgmas) pfhrál mfipartgr ca

pfsosgýl y usf ho suocf mfl cfs huoñfs, aul sg ostfs

ôctgifs ostál ol mfltra.Occf, pfrquo mualhf cas partos lf cfkrol mfl-

mgcgar sus gltorosos sf`ro ca tgorra sorá ul duoz hohgstrgtf ol iatorga mgvgc, ul iakgstrahf ho ul trg-

`ulac ulgtargf akrargf o glmcusf ca ]omrotaréa ho

Hosarrfccf Akrargf, Xorrgtfrgac y _r`alf cfs quo

gipflkal ca vfcultah ho cas oiprosas, ac osta-

`comor cas ifhacghahos ho ahqugsgmgýl, usf, kfmo

f aeomtamgýl ho cfs torrolfs, `golos f horombfs, y

dar ca mfltraprostamgýl mfrrospflhgolto.^ara oc hfmtfr Igkuoc Mflmba, –osta sgtuamgýl

mflstgtuyo ca véa para hospfdar a cfs puo`cfs ho

su cg`ortah para homghgr quç prfyomtfs so roacgzalol sus torrgtfrgfs, y para quo cos gipflkal ftras

efrias ho rocamgflarso mfl oc akua, ca tgorra, ca

akrgmuctura, sus trahgmgflos, sus rgtfs, ostas, mfl- vgvolmga y oc tra`adf mfcomtgvf’ (  Ca Dfrlaha, 07 ho

akfstf ho 0>1?).

Ol osto mfltoxtf, ula voz quo oipgomol cfs

hospfdfs para har pasf a ca –ostratçkgma’ oxpcf-tamgýl ho cf quo basta bamo iuy pfmf oral `golos

lamgflacos, os provgsg`co ul auioltf ol ca mflgm-tgvghah sfmgac. Cfs puo`cfs ostarál hostglahfs a

cgtgkar pfr su tgorra, porf porhorál.

Mfltrargf a cfs euturfs aeomtahfs ”oltro qugo-

los iuy prf`a`coiolto so u`gquol porsflas ho

osmasfs romursfs”, ̂ otrýcofs Ioxgmalfs y sus frka-lgsifs su`sghgargfs muoltal mfl aipcga oxporgol-mga ol osto tgpf ho cgtgkgfs.

Xal sýcf ol 0>18, y mfl ca pasaha rokcaiol-

tamgýl, ca oiprosa ostatac oleroltý 1? dugmgfs roca-

mgflahfs mfl oc horombf ho véa y cas oxprfpgamgf-los ho tgorra4 fmbf ol trg`ulacos mgvgcos, mglmf ol

akrargfs, ulf ol ahiglgstratgvf y ftrf ol aiparf,

glhgma ca rospuosta a ca sfcgmgtuh ho glefriamgýlmguhahala 12?;0>>12781?.

Ho cfs hatfs fmgacos so hosprolho quo 1= ma-sfs ba`réal mflstgtughf hospfdfs, puos cf quo so

pocoa ol 10 ho occfs os oc pakf ho glhoilgzamgflos y ol ulf so ùsma ca alucamgýl. Osto ôctgif so tra-

ta hoc dugmgf ho aiparf 1>>5-0>18-G, quo `usma

ca rostgtumgýl ac lômcof odghac cas tgorras prfpgohah

hoc odghf Oc ^araésf quo euorfl oxprfpgahas a ea-vfr ho ^oiox. Cfs ftrfs 10 masfs sfl4

Oc dugmgf mgvgc ;/0>18, quo glvfcumra ac lômcof

akrargf ^raxohgs Kuorrorf y su Aloxf, ol oc iu-lgmgpgf ho Xuxpal, Uoramruz. Ol çsto so cgtgka ocpakf ho ca glhoilgzamgýl pfr ca efriacgzamgýlcokac ho ca mflstrummgýl ol oc prohgf.

^fr oc igsif asultf, oc dugmgf mgvgc 0=/0>18.Ol çsto, cfs prfifvoltos oxgkol oc pakf ho ca gl-hoilgzamgýl y ca efriacgzamgýl cokac pfr fmupa-mgýl mfrrospflhgolto gltorgfr ho cas parmocas 1,

CF] 1? D_GMGF] HO ^OIOR

^FP HO]^FDF HO XGOPPA]LALMW ECFPO]

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AKOLHA HO CA MFPP_^MGÝL   F^GLGÝL

0, = y ?, portolomgolto ac lômcof akrargf ^raxohgsKuorrorf y su Aloxf.

Oc dugmgf mgvgc >1/0>18, muyf f`dotf os oc pakf

glhoilgzatfrgf pfr mflmoptf ho horombf ho véa,sorvghui`ro ho pasf y fmupamgýl sf`ro ula eram-

mgýl ho torrolf. Ho osto masf, ca potrfcora so ro-sorva ca u`gmamgýl hoc mflgmtf y sýcf cf gholtgmamfif ula –parmoca odghac’.

Oc prfmosf mgvgc >=/0>18 tai`gçl `usma ocpakf ho ula glhoilgzamgýl pfr mflmoptf ho horo-mbf ho véa y sorvghui`ro ho pasf sf`ro ula eram-

mgýl ho torrolf. Ac gkuac quo ca altorgfr, ^oioxgholtgma ca zfla aeomtaha mfifula –parmoca odghac’.

Oc dugmgf mgvgc 88/0>18, quo

oxgko oc pakf ho glhoilgzamgýlpfr fmupamgýl ho => igc iotrfsmuahrahfs quo fmupa oc pfzfpotrfcorf ^rosgholto Acoiál

0=1 holtrf ho cas parmocas 87,?> y ;2 hoc cfto Mbfto y Iosg-

ccas, u`gmahf ol oc iulgmgpgf ho

^apaltca, Uoramruz. Qugolos cfprfiuovol sfl cfs huoñfs ho cas

parmocas.

Oc dugmgf mgvgc =?/0>18, quotgolo pfr f`dotgvf ca mflstgtu-

mgýl ho sorvghui`ro ho pasf y oc

pakf ho glhoilgzamgýl rospomtfhoc prohgf u`gmahf ol Xomato,

@ada Macgefrlga (traif jgcýio-

trf 8;+717.;= ac 82+?28.=2),pfr oc muac pasa oc pfcghumtf Pf-

sargtf-Ioxgmacg.Oc dugmgf mgvgc =0/0>18-GG, quo

`usma ca glhoilgzamgýl pfr fmu-pamgýl supormgac y so rocamgflamfl ul prohgf u`gmahf ol Bugigcpal, Quorçtarf.

Oc dugmgf akrargf 007/0>18, quo `usma ca moco-

`ramgýl ho ul mfltratf ho fmupamgýl, pakf ho gl-

hoilgzamgýl pfr çsta asé mfif oc pakf y cgqugha-mgýl ho cfs `golos hgstgltfs a ca tgorra. ]o trata ho

ca parmoca hoc odghf Hfmtfr Cavgsta, ol Xaigabua,

Uoramruz.Ca mfltrfvorsga akrarga 02?/0>18, quo oxgko oc

pakf ho cokacgzamgýl ho ca fmupamgýl hoc suocf y/fhorombf ho véa mfl iftgvf ho ca mflstrummgýl ho

glstacamgflos potrfcoras, y ca glhoilgzamgýl ol caquo so osta`cozma mfif `aso oc vacfr mfiormgac hocas parmocas 1>5-T-0 ^1/1, ;=-T-0 ^1/1 y 78-T-0^1/1, hoc odghf Fdgtac ]alta Iaréa, iulgmgpgf ho

Ácaif Xoiapambo, Uoramruz.

Oc dugmgf akrargf 025/0>18, quo `usma oc pakfho glhoilgzamgýl mfrrospflhgolto quo tolka pfrf`dotf ca cokacgzamgýl hoc usf u fmupamgýl hoc suo-cf y/f horombf ho pasf, mfl iftgvf ho ca mflstrum-

mgýl ho gleraostrumturas potrfcoras, ol ca parmoca

;5T-1 ^o/0, hoc odghf Mfcflga Bçrfos hoc 8;, ho

Ácaif Xoiapambo, Uoramruz. Osto masf glvfcumra

ula supormgo ho 11-0?-51-;2 bomtároas hflho soroacgzarfl tra`adfs ho mflstrummgýl ho ca erammgýlho roba`gcgtamgýl hoc maiglf ho ammosf ac pfzf^acf @calmf 1>1;.

W ca mfltrfvorsga akrarga ?0=/0>18, para ocpakf ho ca glhoilgzamgýl pfr ca fmupamgýl olula supormgo ho aprfxgiahaiolto ho 0>> io-trfs muahrahfs f `gol so rotgro ca gleraostrumtura

oxgstolto ol ca parmoca hoc mguhahalf Iartél Bor-lálhoz Mocgs.

   I   G   K   _   O   C   K   A   C   G   L   H   F

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APXÉM_CFF^GLGÝL

POEFPIA CA@FPAC

O

c `acalmo quo prosolta ca roefria ca`f-

rac, a 8 añfs ho su aprf`amgýl, os eralma-

iolto hosfcahfr4 lf hotflý ca mroamgýl

ho igcos ho oipcofs efriacos y `gol pakahfs: y,

ol mfltraparto, ba acoltahf oc lôiorf ho tra`a-

 dahfros sgl mfltratf quo ca`fral `adf oc abfra

cokacgzahf osquoia ho cas futsfurmglk , sgl prosta-

mgflos ho coy mfif oc ropartf ho utgcghahos lg cfs

`olomgfs ho ca sokurghah sfmgac.

Hatfs ho frkalgsifs mfif oc Glstgtutf La-

mgflac ho Ostahéstgma y Kofkraeéa (Glokg) rovocal

quo ol 0>18 ca mgera ho tra`adahfros adolfs a

tfha mfltratamgýl mfcomtgva so glmroioltý ol 70

igc ;;;, para hgspararso ol 0>1? a ?;5 igc ?71

porsflas. Ho tac efria quo, ol lôiorfs rohfl-hfs, so mflta`gcgzal ol Içxgmf 1? igccflos =>>

igc ?>> porsflas ol ca glhoeolsgýl ca`frac. Xal

sýcf ol 0>11 ul ostuhgf roacgzahf pfr oc Glstgtu-

tf ho Glvostgkamgflos Duréhgmas ho ca _lgvorsghah

Lamgflac Autýlfia ho Içxgmf (_LAI) roeoréa

ho ialora mflsorvahfra quo ol oc paés so olmfl-

tra`al ̀ adf ca tormorgzamgýl oltro 0.8 igccflos y 8

igccflos ho ioxgmalfs, hálhfso masfs ho oltgha-

hos mfif Qugltala Pff hflho oc 0> pfr mgoltf

ho cfs oipcoahfs ho ca bftocoréa y prostahfros ho

sorvgmgfs oral mfltratahfs véa futsfurmglk .

Ftrf odoipcf oi`coiátgmf os oc quo so pro-

solta ol ca zfla iotrfpfcgtala ho Kuahacadara,

 Dacgsmf, hflho 8>> oiprosas ”sf`ro tfhf rocamgf-

lahas mfl ca glhustrga ocomtrýlgma, ol su iayf-

réa iaqugcahfras traslamgflacos” hal oipcof a

ulas 1>> igc porsflas, ho cas muacos oc 2> pfr

mgoltf sfl mfcfmahas pfr iohgf ho 7> akolmgas

ho futsfurmglk , ho amuorhf mfl hatfs hoc Moltrf

ho Pooxgýl y Ammgýl Ca`frac (Moroac).

Oc Moltrf ho Ostuhgfs ho cas Eglalzas ^ô`cg-

mas (MOE^) ho ca Máiara ho Hgputahfs rovocý,

ol ulf ho sus ostuhgfs rocamgflahfs mfl ca iol-

mgflaha roefria, quo oxgsto ul hçmgt ostgiahf

ho ? igccflos ho puostfs ho tra`adf osta`cos:

aiçl quo ho cfs ?0 igccflos quo mflefrial

ca pf`camgýl omflýigmaiolto amtgva (^OA), oc

?;.5 pfr mgoltf so olmuoltra ol ca glefriacg-

hah, akraválhfso sorgaiolto oc prf`coia, puos

maha añf ho`ol mroarso oltro ;?> igc y 2>> igc

luovfs oipcofs, sf`ro tfhf para dývolos quo

glkrosal ac iormahf ca`frac y quo abfra, mfl

cas ifhgmamgflos a ca Coy Eohorac hoc Xra`adf,ostál a iormoh ho cfs mfltratfs ho pruo`a, ho

mapamgtamgýl f ho cas oiprosas ho su`mfltrata-

mgýl quo lf cos feromol karaltéa ho osta`gcghah

ca`frac para su euturf.

Hatfs ho ca Olmuosta Lamgflac ho Fmupa-

mgýl y Oipcof (OLFO) rovocal ftrf aspomtf

lokatgvf quo lf ba pfhghf su`salar ca roefria

ca`frac borohaha pfr Eocgpo Machorýl, oc eaccghf

 prosgholto hoc oipcof, a ca amtuac ahiglgstramgýl4

oc 20 pfr mgoltf ho ca ^OA ol Içxgmf apolas

kala 1.5 sacargfs iélgifs, iolfs ho 1>> posfs

hgargfs. Xaipfmf ba pfhghf rovortgr quo sogs ho

maha 1> ioxgmalfs su`sgstal ol ca glefriacghah,

acodahfs ho tfha prostamgýl sfmgac.

Posucta glhuha`co quo ol cfs bombfs ca gla-

prfpgaha cokgscamgýl aprf`aha ol oc Mflkrosf

pfr cfs partghfs Povfcumgflargf Glstgtumgflac

(^PG) y Ammgýl Lamgflac (^AL), y sus partghfs

A 8 AÑF], LGLKÔL @OLOEGMGFA XPA@ADAHFPO]

IAPXÉL O]^APTA ECFPO], ]OMPOXAPGF KOLOPAC HOC ]GLHGMAXF IORGMALF HO

OCOMXPGMG]XA]

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APXÉM_CF   F^GLGÝL

su`frhglahfs, rosuctý ula roefria a ifhf para

cas traslamgflacos y ula mcaso oiprosargac vfraz

quo, alto ul Ostahf quo hodý ho odormor sus ea-

muctahos ho rokucamgýl y vgkgcalmga ol iatorga

ca`frac, bal a`usahf ho cas su`mfltratamgflos

sf`ro tfhf pfr ca ai`gkóohah duréhgma ifstrahaac rospomtf ol artémucfs mfif oc 1?A, 1?@ y 1?M,

hoc luovf frholaigoltf.

Hoifs ul `rovo ropasf a cf osta`comghf ol

çstfs4

–Artémucf 1?A. Oc tra`adf ol rçkgiol ho

su`mfltratamgýl os aquoc pfr iohgf hoc muac ul

patrýl holfiglahf mfltratgsta odomuta f`ras

f prosta sorvgmgfs mfl sus tra`adahfros `adf su

hopolholmga, a eavfr ho ul mfltratalto, porsfla

eésgma f ifrac, ca muac da cas taroas hoc mfltratgs-

ta y cf suporvgsa ol oc hosarrfccf ho cfs sorvgmgfs

f ca odomumgýl ho cas f`ras mfltratahas.

–Artémucf 1?@. Oc mfltratf quo so moco`ro ol-

tro ca porsfla eésgma f ifrac quo sfcgmgta cfs sorvg-

mgfs y ul mfltratgsta ho`orá mflstar pfr osmrgtf.

–Ca oiprosa mfltratalto ho`orá mormgfrarso

ac ifioltf ho moco`rar oc mfltratf a quo so ro-

oro oc párraef altorgfr quo ca mfltratgsta muolta

mfl ca hfmuioltamgýl y cfs ocoioltfs prfpgfs

sumgoltos para muipcgr mfl cas f`cgkamgflos quo

horgvol ho cas rocamgflos mfl sus tra`adahfros.

–Artémucf 1?M. Ca oiprosa mfltratalto ho cfs

sorvgmgfs ho`orá mormgfrarso porialoltoioltoquo ca oiprosa mfltratgsta muipco mfl cas hgs-

pfsgmgflos apcgma`cos ol iatorga ho sokurghah,

sacuh y iohgf ai`golto ol oc tra`adf, rospomtf

ho cfs tra`adahfros ho osta ôctgia.

–Cf altorgfr, pfhrá sor muipcghf a travçs ho

ula ulghah ho vorgmamgýl ho`ghaiolto amrohg-

taha y aprf`aha ol tçriglfs ho cas hgspfsgmgflos

cokacos apcgma`cos.’

Ca rokcaioltamgýl ho cas futsfurmglk   gipcgma

ol sé igsia ula mfltrahgmmgýl ac mflmoptf ho

–tra`adf homolto’ glmfrpfrahf ol cfs mai`gfs

ho ca Coy Eohorac hoc Xra`adf, puos igoltras

pfr ul cahf so tfiý a pgo dultgccas cf osta`comghf

pfr ca Frkalgzamgýl Gltorlamgflac hoc Xra`adf

(FGX), mualhf pfr –tra`adf homolto’ ba`ca ho

ul tgpf ho oipcof quo porigta a ul tra`adahfr

 vgvgr ho ialora hgkla, mfl prostamgflos, sokurg-

hah sfmgac, ul oipcof ho carka huramgýl, mfl so-

kurghah y ̀ uol ai`golto ca`frac ol su moltrf ho

tra`adf, ol soltghf glvorsf hokraha a ca euorza

ca`frac a ca matokfréa ho ula iormalméa quo ho-

`orá rokgrso pfr ca coy ho ca feorta y ca hoialha,

a`alhflalhf oc pfstucahf mflstgtumgflac ho quo

oc tra`adf os ul –horombf y ul ho`or sfmgacos’.Iumbas oiprosas y pfhorfsfs mfrpfratgvfs

ostál aprfvombalhf ostá oxg`gcgzamgýl ca`frac lf

ôlgmaiolto para ovahgr oc pakf ho prostamgflos

a sus tra`adahfros, sglf para mfiotor igccflargfs

erauhos smacos sf`ro tfhf pfr cas iakras mapa-

mghahos ho suporvgsgýl ho cas autfrghahos ca`f-

racos, quo ho ;;5 glspomtfros mfl quo mflta`a

ol 0>10, glmroioltý su pcaltgcca a 785, ol 0>18,

mfl cfs muacos, supuostaiolto, ovgtará quo lf

–so porvgorta ca roefria’.

Cfs hoeolsfros ho cas ifhgmamgflos coflglas

sfstuvgorfl quo oc tra`adahfr lf quoharéa hos-

prftokghf, puos ahoiás oc artémucf 1= osta`coméa

ula –rospflsa`gcghah sfcgharga’ taltf ho mfl-

tratgstas mfif ho patrflos, y so karaltgza`a quo

tfhf mfltratf ho`oréa osta`comorso –pfr osmrgtf’.

^orf ostf ol laha mfi`ato ca sgiucamgýl, puos

cf quo so glsmrg`o ol ul papoc lf prfbé`o quo so

hosvglmuco ac oipcoahfr ho muacqugor f`cgkamgýl

ca`frac, rohumgolhf glmcusf su iarkol ho utgcg-

hah para oeomtfs ho ovahgr gipuostfs.

Ol cfs bombfs, ca rokcaioltaha tormorgzamgýl

hocoka ol cfs mfltrataltos mfl cas futsfurmglk  f`cg-kamgflos tacos mfif4 –mormgfrarso’ ho quo çstas

muipcal mfl sus f`cgkamgflos ol iatorga ho so-

kurghah y sacuh, aiçl ho quo tolkal ca sfcvolmga

omflýigma lomosarga para oleroltar sus f`cgka-

mgflos ca`fracos, sgl hodar ho iolmgflar quo tacos

suporvgsgflos, mfif cf osta`comol cfs artémucfs ya

mgtahfs, ho`orál bamorso pfr ackula –ulghah ho

 vorgmamgýl ho`ghaiolto amrohgtaha’: ostf os,

ftra oiprosa quo, mcarf ostá, lf rospflhorá a cfs

gltorosos ho cfs tra`adahfros sglf ho qugol mfl-

trato sus sorvgmgfs, os homgr, cfs patrflos.

Ostas vakuohahos duréhgmas quo bal alucahf

ca dustgmga ca`frac asé mfif su glomamga a eavfr

hoc efioltf ac oipcof y oc iodfraigoltf ac lg-

 voc ho vgha ho igccflos ho tra`adahfros sfl cas

razflos pfr cas quo ca roefria ca`frac ho`o ro-

pcaltoarso y pflorso, sgl hgcamgýl ackula, ol cfs

toias ho ca akolha lamgflac.

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APXÉM_CFF^GLGÝL

Mfltglôa ca iac frkalgzaha tocolfvocaho ca maptura ho Dfaquél Kuziál Cfora,oc Mbapf.Cuokf ho ca vgsgta ho Marcfs Cfrot ho Ifca a

ca masa hflho so olmfltra`a oc larmftramalto, ol

Cfs Ifmbgs (]glacfa), surkol iás prokultas quorospuostas. Gkuac oc pfrquç so hodý quo Jato hocMastgccf y ]oal ^oll ”a qugolos so cos gltolta muc-par ho cfs orrfros ku`orlaioltacos quo pfsg`gcg-tarfl su euka y auioltarfl ca iokacfialéa hocsglacfolso” ostuvgoral ol Mfsacá: glmcusf, so hgmopfr oc rospotahf soialargf Péfhfmo, ol ula glsta-camgýl ho ca _lgvorsghah Autýlfia ho ]glacfa.W basta toloifs giákolos ho ul mgvgc ol ca am-mgýl hflho bu`f ula`acamora ho prflýstgmf

rosorvahf y a igcgtarosmfl oc rfstrf hosmu`gor-tf trascahalhf ac ia-fsf ac avgýl, ulf ho

occfs glmcusf bamgolhfquo Dfaquél pfsara acfs iohgfs. Mfltrahgmmgflos y tfrpozas ac pfr ia-

 yfr.^fr osas y ftras muostgflos, iás tfhavéa pfr-

quo cfs roprosoltaltos ioxgmalfs ol oc oxtraldorfmaltarfl oc Bgilf Lamgflac mfif sg cas ariasioxgmalas so bu`goral mu`gortf ho kcfrga, @rfzf, oc

 ^ayasf Xolo`rfsf (Xocovgsa, olorf 11), so pgtfrroý hoca –Igsgýl muipcgha’ quo so hgeulhgý ol Xwgttor.W oc osmrgtfr Pf`ortf ]avgalf ”mflfmohfr prfeul-hf hoc larmf y sus oltrañas” osmrg`gý4 –muipca mflsu igsgýl, prosgholto’ y oxtrahgto ac iás `usmahf( Oc _lgvorsac , 10 ho olorf).

^orf lf f`stalto tfhas cas mrétgmas ol hgeoroltos

iohgfs, sgkuo oc eostodf fmgac. Ahorozahf pfsto-

rgfriolto mfl ul iolsado ho Olrgquo ^oña Lgotfa ca lamgýl, iás quo muostgfla`co.

Lfs hgdf oc ospfsf ho Alkçcgma Pgvora ol sugltorvolmgýl ho 8 iglutfs4 toloifs ula iodfrsgtuamgýl omflýigma, ya quo bal `adahf ca ka-sfcgla ”pfr prgiora voz ol 08 añfs”, cas targeastocoeýlgmas y ca cuz: so ialtolhrá oc promgf ho cacombo Cgmflsa y ol ackulas zflas ho acta iarkgla-cghah rohumgrá: boifs mroahf iás oipcofs quo olmuacqugor ftrf kf`gorlf: sfifs oc prglmgpac iftfrho Aiçrgma Catgla ol mromgigoltf: oc prfkraiaMGOL (Mortgmahfs ho Gleraostrumtura Osmfcar

Lamgflac) iodfrará cas osmuocas y ol 0>1; so gi-partgrá glkcçs para cfsacuilfs: ba`rá ula

iayfr atolmgýl hocGlstgtutf Ioxgmalf hoc]okurf ]fmgac y oc Gls-tgtutf ho ]okurghah y]orvgmgfs ]fmgacos hocfs Xra`adahfros hoc

Ostahf (G]]]XO): ftfrkaroifs ?>> igc mrçhgtfspfr iohgf hoc Gleflavgt y tolhroifs ula kralprfifmgýl para dývolos oiprolhohfros. Masgtfhf occf so rosuio ol ula eraso4 –Ostaifs a`rgol-hf maiglf para quo maha ulf osmrg`a su prfpgabgstfrga ho çxgtf’. Ca muac sgltotgza oc glhgvghuacgs-if y oc lofcg`oracgsif quo lfs tgolo amfkftahfs.

Erolto a taltas luovas `uolas (sgm posgigsta),ba`réa quo homgr4 ol oeomtf `adý ca targea ol toco-efléa, ackf gipfrtalto quo co tradf ac soñfr ]cgiula pçrhgha ho 0> igc igccflos ho posfs, cf muaclf ba ioriahf su pfhor lg sus lokfmgfs mfl ockf`gorlf: ca kasfcgla `adý ulfs mualtfs pultfs,

 DFPKO IOCÇLHOT ^POMGAHF, ^OPGFHG]XA

Aulquo ca kasfcgla sé ̀ adý ulfs mual-tfs pultfs, ol cfs oxpolhgfs quo ^oioxtgolo ol Ostahfs _lghfs muosta ca igtah.Maéha hoc promgf hoc mruhf lf ayuhý

 

ALXO CA MPG]G]]GK_O OC XPG_LEACG]IF K_@OPLAIOLXAC

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APXÉM_CF   F^GLGÝL

aulquo so volho a ca igtah ol oxpolhgfs ho ^o-trýcofs Ioxgmalfs (^oiox) ol Ostahfs _lghfs,ackf mfltrahgmtfrgf, ahoiás, ho`ghf a quo oc ̀ arrgcho mruhf ccoký a 01.?> hýcaros, sgolhf quo muos-ta prfhumgrcf 0=, porhoroifs igccflos ho `gccotos

vorhos lf gipfrtalhf ca mf`ortura ahqugrgha pfrca ]omrotaréa ho Bamgolha y, pfr sg euora pfmf, sopcaloa romfrtar a 1= igc tra`adahfros ol ^oiox ylf so glvortgrál, mualhf iolfs, ;> igc igccflosho posfs ol oxpcframgýl: ol Içxgmf, sg `gol lfsva, mromoroifs ac 0.? pfr mgoltf osto añf, igol-tras quo ^alaiá y Popô`cgma Hfiglgmala, oltroftrfs, auioltarál su prfhumtf gl-torlf `rutf ol iás ho ? pfr mgoltf:ol osto soxolgf so bal mroahf 1 ig-ccýl 2>> igc oipcofs (mgeras fmgacos

mamaroahas ol tfhfs cahfs), ca iayfréaiac pakahfs y ovoltuacos, sokôl ociaostrf Bçmtfr ho ca Muova (PahgfOhumamgýl, 10 ho olorf), sgolhf quool oso capsf so ho`gorfl ba`or mfls-tgtughf = igccflos ho mbai`as efr-iacos, mfl prostamgflos ho coy y hocarkf pcazf, ôlgmaiolto para ovgtarquo cfs dývolos sgkal hososporahfs

 y `usmalhf oc pal ho ialora glefr-iac f gcokaciolto.

Ol oc sgstoia ho sacuh, Olrgquo

^oña Lgotf prfiotgý quo ol su so-xolgf ba`réa sokurghah ulgvorsac.Lf so cfkrará pfrquo bay igcos horotrasfs, ausolmgas ho iohgmglasol bfspgtacos y lf ostál gltokra-hfs ]acu`rghah, ]okurf ]fmgac oG]]]XO, mfif vglf a mrgtgmar bas-ta oc olmarkahf ho ca Frkalgzamgýlpara ca Mffporamgýl y oc Hosarrfccf Omflýigmfs(FMHO), Álkoc Kurréa: glsýcgtf. f̂r ftrf cahf, os`uolf quo ca combo Cgmflsa lf auiolto y bastaol ackulfs cukaros soa iás `arata, porf ftrfs tg-pfs ho cámtofs bal su`ghf sgl mosar y mfltgluarál

 ya quo cas gipfrtamgflos ho acgioltfs val ac acza y oc hýcar su`o. Cfs mrçhgtfs hoc Gleflavgt mfltg-lôal ol ialfs ho cfs krupfs sglhgmacos cgkahfs ac^artghf Povfcumgflargf Glstgtumgflac (^PG), cf quobamo quo igccflos romurral a glif`gcgargas quocfs tgial y cos mf`ral gltorosos sgl l. W ospora-

ifs, abfra sé, quo iás hoc 8> pfr mgoltf ho casosmuocas tolkal pupgtros, ̀ añfs, pgzarrflos y ftrfsocoioltfs glhgspolsa`cos y quo lf so hgcapgho ocprosupuostf ol mfiputahfras quo bal sghf lokf-mgfs para ulfs mualtfs sgl quo tolkal ul f`dotgvf

ohumamgflac ho eflhf.Asé, puos, lf bay iumbf quo moco`rar lg eosto- dar ol osto glgmgf ho añf.

Iolfs, sg oc hýcar ya ccoký a 12.0? posfs y lfpara, ca ̀ ada hoc mruhf os troiolha, ca glsokurghahva ahocalto4 ol Kuorrorf, lf f`stalto ca luovahotolmgýl ho oc Mbapf bal asosglahf a =17 porsf-

las ol cfs prgiorfs ;5 héas ho kf`gorlf ho BçmtfrAstuhgccf (^PG), y ol Xaiaucgpas cfs Totas lf sflmfi`atghfs pfr lahgo.

]g a occf co akrokaifs quo ho 0>>8 a 0>1=sacgorfl hoc paés ?02 igc igccflos ho hýcaros hofrgkol gcémgtf ( Ca Dfrlaha, 1> ho olorf), ackf quo lgsgqugora ba ifvghf a ca ]omrotaréa ho Bamgolha ahotolor a ul sfcf porsflados, voroifs quo ca sgtua-mgýl lf os tal eámgc mfif ol cfs hgsmursfs fmgacos.

Mfl tfhf, kramgas pfr olmfltrarlfs luova-iolto.

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APXÉM_CFF^GLGÝL

AMA@AP

Cas ároas ho amtuamgýl prfpuostas pfr cfs

F`dotgvfs para oc Hosarrfccf ]fstolg`co

(FH]) a`armal hosho ca maza eurtgva bas-

ta ca amghgmamgýl ho cfs fmçalfs, pasalhf pfr ocromgmcado, oc turgsif, ca vgvgolha, ca hosgkuachah,ca glhustrgacgzamgýl, ca efriamgýl, ca grrgkamgýl, caiutgcamgýl kolgtac, cfs ammgholtos ho trámf y ocrotrasf ol oc mromgigoltf ho cfs lgñfs.

–Ca ai`gmgýl quoha ho ialgostf taltfol ca osmaca mfif ol cas igras. Ackulfs ho cfsavalmos sukorghfs para 0>=> sfl pasifsfs. Ocutfpgsif hosluhf ho cfs f`dotgvfs prfpuostfsa`ro oc gltorrfkalto ho muác os su utgcghah’, sfs-tgolo Mbarcos Jolly,igoi`rf hoc tbglj talj  

Moltor efr Kcf`ac Ho-vocfpiolt.

Cas igsias mrétgmasromg`gorfl cfs F`dotg-

 vfs ho Hosarrfccf hoc

Igcolgf (FHI) aprf-

`ahfs ol oc añf 0>>> y quo abfra rocoval cfs FH]. ^orf, sg `gol camfipcodghah y prfeulhghah ho cfs sokulhfs (1;f`dotgvfs y 157 iotas) os iumbf iayfr quo caho cfs prgiorfs (2 f`dotgvfs), bay ul hatf quolf pfhoifs porhor ho vgsta4 ol 177>, acrohohfrho 1 igc 7>> igccflos ho porsflas vgvéal mfliolfs ho 1.0? ourfs ac héa: hosho oltflmos, osamgera so ba rohumghf ol iás ho 1 igc igccflos.

^orf sg ackf lfs hodarfl cfs FHI euorfl com-mgflos. ]gl atadar ca hosgkuachah lf puoho ka-raltgzarso oc l ho ca pf`roza. Bfy, oc 1> pfrmgoltf iás rgmf ho ca pf`camgýl so quoha basta

mfl oc 8> pfr mgoltf hoc glkrosf iulhgac tftac,igoltras oc 1> pfr mgoltf iás pf`ro f`tgolo sfcfoltro oc 0 y oc ; pfr mgoltf. Ol cfs paésos ol ho-sarrfccf, ca hosgkuachah ba auioltahf ul 11 pfrmgoltf.

–Ca ostratokga ho cfs FHI euo mflstrugha hoLfrto a ]ur y osf os ul orrfr’, aria ca prosg-holta ho ca Mffrhglahfra Ospañfca ho Frkalg-zamgflos Lf Ku`orlaioltacos para oc Hosarrf-ccf, Iormohos Pugz-Kgiçloz. _l status quf quocfs @PGM] (paésos oiorkoltos4 @rasgc, Pusga,Glhga, Mbgla y ]uháergma), mflstgtughfs mfifkrupf ol 0>>7, ostál porigtgolhf hososta`gcgzar.

–Oc ^G@ Zprfhumtf gl-torlf `rutfY akrokahf

ho cfs @PGM] os bfyiayfr quo oc ho casomflfiéas avalzahasmualhf so mroarfl cas

glstgtumgflos ho @rot-

tfl [ffhs’, romuorhaoc proigf Lf`oc ho

Omflfiéa Dfsopb ]tgkcgtz. Osfs paésos roprosol-tal ula muarta parto ho ca omflfiéa iulhgac ymasg oc 78 pfr mgoltf hoc mromgigoltf omflýigmfgltorlamgflac oltro 0>>; y 0>18.

Áergma os prf`a`coiolto oc odoipcf iás mca-rf ho cfs hosoqugcg`rgfs ho luostrf sgstoia ho ho-sarrfccf4 igoltras sogs ho cfs 1> paésos quo oxpo-rgioltarfl ul iayfr mromgigoltf huralto ca ôc-tgia hçmaha sfl aergmalfs, 1> ho cfs paésos iáspf`ros hoc iulhf portolomol a osto mfltglolto.

–Oc bombf ho quo ackulfs paésos ‒pf`ros‗soal abfra pftolmgas iulhgacos hoiuostra quo

MFL CA IG]OPGA

CA_PA TAIAPPGOKF IAO]XPO, ^OPGFHG]XA/MOLXPF HO MFCA@FPAMGFLO] ]FCGHAPGA]

Ol Áergma so olmuoltral sogs ho cfs 1>paésos quo oxporgioltarfl ul iayfrmromgigoltf ol ca ôctgia hçmaha y tai-g̀çl 1> ho cfs iás pf r̀os hoc iulhf

 

f

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ca pf`roza os ul eolýiolf iuy mfipcodf’, ox-pcgma Cugsa Kgc, ho Omflfigstas ]gl Erfltoras.

–^f`roza os vgvgr pfr ho`adf ho ul glkrosf ié-lgif hgargf ”1.;2 ourfs os oc ui`rac quo ama`aho dar oc @almf Iulhgac”, porf tai`gçl cf os lfromg`gr atolmgýl içhgma, lf pfhor gr ca osmuoca, lftolor ammosf a akua pfta`co f mfi`ustg`co paramfmglar. Cfs FHI so hgrgkéal a cfs paésos ol véasho hosarrfccf mfif sg ama`ar mfl ca pf`roza euososfcf rospflsa`gcghah suya’, aria Cugsa Kgc.

Ol ca luova Akolha, ca mfltrg`umgýl ho cfspaésos rgmfs ya lf so cgigta a su apfrtamgýl ol caayuha ac hosarrfccf y so protolho quo cfs paésosoipf`romghfs puohal kolorar romursfs a lgvoclamgflac quo ropormutal ol su prfpgf hosarrfccf.

Cfs FHI pcaltoa`al ula mgera iélgia paraca ayuha fmgac ac hosarrfccf4 ul >.; pfr mgoltfhoc ^G@ ho cfs paésos rgmfs. ]ýcf Hglaiarma, Cu-xoi`urkf, Lfruoka, ]uomga y Poglf _lghf balacmalzahf oc f`dotgvf iarmahf. Ca maltghah tftacho glvorsgýl pfr parto ho cfs paésos mfl iás ro-

mursfs auioltý, lf f`stalto, ul 55 pfr mgoltf oltçriglfs roacos oltro cfs añfs 0>>> y 0>18, sokôl

hatfs ho ca FL_.]okôl Gltoriýl Fxeai, maha añf cfs paésosol hosarrfccf pgorhol ac iolfs 1>> igc igccflosho hýcaros pfr a`usfs smacos ho kralhos iuctgla-mgflacos. ]ýcf ol 0>11, –cfs udfs lalmgorfs gcémg-tfs fmasgflarfl a cfs paésos ol hosarrfccf pçrhghaspfr vacfr ho iás ho 5=> igc igccflos ho hýcaros,oqugvacolto ac 8.= pfr mgoltf ho su ̂ G@’, glhgma ulromgolto glefrio hoc ^arcaioltf Ourfpof. ]fr-prolho quo ol ca mui`ro ho Ahhgs A`o`a lf soaprf`aso ca prfpuosta hoc K;; ”ula mfacgmgýl hoOstahfs ol hosarrfccf” ho mroar ul mfigtç trg`uta-rgf ho ca FL_ mapaz ho prosgflar a cas mfipañéasiuctglamgflacos para gipohgr ca ovasgýl smac.

Ca muolta atrás ba oipozahf, porf aôl osprfltf para sa`or sg oc hgpcfiátgmf gtacgalf hoc sg-kcf RGR Marcf Hfssg osta`a ol cf mgortf mualhfhoméa quo –ca utfpéa ho ul sgkcf a ioluhf so mfl-vgorto ol ca ghoa vuckar hoc sgkugolto’.

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APXÉM_CFF^GLGÝL

Igcál, Gtacga, ]okôl hatfs fmgacos hg-

 vuckahfs pfr oc kf`gorlf ho Pusga,

hosho a`rgc ho 0>18 iás ho 1 igccýl

ho mguhahalfs prfmoholtos ho _mralga `usma-rfl roeukgf ol torrgtfrgf rusf. A posar ho osas

mgeras, Ifsmô lf romflfmo quo oxgsta ula mrgsgsigkratfrga.

Ackulfs pfcétgmfs ccokarfl a homgr quo ca mfiu-lghah gltorlamgflac ho`oréa apcgmar oc ifhocfrusf ho kostgýl ho kralhos maltghahos ho roeu-kgahfs.

Ol ul prglmgpgf, oc kral lôiorf ho porsflasquo ccoký ac ]ur ho Pusga prfvfmý ergmmgýl mflca pf`camgýl cfmac, quo lf ostá amfstui`raha a cahgvorsghah o gklfra cfs

prftfmfcfs quo prfto-

kol a cfs roeukgahfs.]gl oi`arkf, cas mf-iulghahos cfmacos gl-tolta `rglharcos ayuha

 y apfyf a cfs igkral-tos quo lomosgtal asgs-tolmga.

Cfs umralgalfs euorfl glstacahfs ol maipfsho roeukgahfs tftaciolto oqugpahfs, ol salatf-rgfs y osmuocas, o glmcusf ol bfkaros partgmucaros,

 y euorfl amoptahfs ol iumbas mguhahos rusas,mfif Pfstfv-fl-Hfl, Jraslfhar y Ufckfkrahf.

Oc kf`gorlf rusf ahfptý mai`gfs ol cas coyosrocatgvfs a cfs pcazfs para ca oigsgýl ho hfmu-ioltfs a cfs roeukgahfs, glmcugha ca autfrgzamgýlho ostahéas ol oc paés pfr hgstgltfs capsfs.

Ca hfmuioltamgýl feromo oc ostatutf ho roeu-kgahf f oc ho sfcgmgtalto ho asgcf toipfrac. Ostaôctgia matokfréa cos porigto porialomor iás

tgoipf ol oc paés. Glgmgaciolto, tfhfs romg`olayuha lalmgora. Hospuçs so cos porigto ocokgrca rokgýl ol ca quo hosoal osta`comorso, ya quooc ]ur ho Pusga lf puoho ac`orkar porialolto-iolto a kralhos lôiorfs ho igkraltos.

Oc Ostahf tai`gçl ayuha a prfpfrmgflarcosbfspohado y asgstolmga para quo olmuoltrol oi-pcof.

_la ho cas rokgflos hflho cfs roeukgahfspuohol rahgmarso os oc hgstrgtf autýlfif hoJbalty Ialsy, ol ]g`orga fmmgholtac, hflho osiás eámgc olmfltrar tra`adf, ho`ghf prglmgpac-iolto a ca prýspora glhustrga hoc potrýcof. Oc

kf`gorlf cfmac tai`gçl ftfrka ul su`sghgf hoiatorlghah y asosfra

a cfs igkraltos sf`ro

cas coyos cfmacos.Lf f`stalto, aôl

bay quo bamor iáspara ayuhar a cfs roeu-kgahfs a gltokrarso ol

ula tralsgmgýl quool fmasgflos os hgeémgc.

Ol kolorac, cfs roeukgahfs ol Jbalty Ialsyeuorfl `gol romg`ghfs pfr ca pf`camgýl, ya quooxgstol iumbas sgigcgtuhos oltro sus mucturas. Cagltorammgýl oltro cas hfs pf`camgflos os iuy gi-pfrtalto hahf quo cfs umralgalfs hodarfl atrássus bfkaros, sus vélmucfs sfmgacos y su muctura.

Ol ca amtuacghah, ca iayfréa ho cfs roeukgahfsol Jbalty Ialsy tgolol oipcof y mflhgmgflosho vgha hgklas, asé mfif ftrfs `olomgfs, mfifammosf kratugtf a ca ulgvorsghah y cas osmuocas.

Ol ftras paca`ras, tgolol oc horombf a ula vgha sokura y hgkla.

¶^FHPÁ P_]GA MFL CA FCOAHAHO GLIGKPALXO] _MPALGALF]6

W_CGA @OPOX, ALACG]XA/GLXOP ^PO]] ]OPUGMO

Hosho a`rgc ho 0>18, iás ho 1 igccýlho mguhahalfs prfmoholtos ho _mralga`usmarfl roeukgf ol torrgtfrgf rusf. ̂ araIfsmô, lf oxgsto ula mrgsgs igkratfrga

 

a

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]gl oi`arkf, mfif ol tfha mrgsgs pfcétgma, cafpfsgmgýl ostá prosolto sf`ro tfhf ho`ghf a cashgeorolmgas ol cas amtgtuhos rokgflacos mfl ros-pomtf a cfs igkraltos. Oc kf`gorlf feromo cgig-tahas glstrummgflos ac rospomtf y lf oxgsto ula

hfmuioltamgýl quo glhgquo mcaraiolto muácossfl cfs horombfs ho cfs roeukgahfs, cf quo au-iolta oc ostrçs `urfmrátgmf y cas hgmuctahos aca bfra ho mflsokugr cfs hfmuioltfs cokacos ymfiprolhor cfs pcazfs para sfcgmgtarcfs.

_l prf`coia mromgolto os oc actf lgvoc hohosoipcof ho`ghf ac glkrosf ho ialf ho f`ra

lf macgmaha. Lf f`stalto, cas rokgflos quo ro-mg`ol a cfs roeukgahfs suocol sor aquoccas mfliayfr mapamghah para a`sfr`or osto tgpf ho tra-`adahfros.

^fr odoipcf, cfs oipcofs ol oc somtfr ho camflstrummgýl y ca prfhummgýl tgolol kral ho-ialha, porf oc prf`coia surko mualhf cfs ro-eukgahfs tgolol ula ocovaha ohumamgýl efriac yoxgkol iodfros fpfrtulghahos ho tra`adf.

Ol cukar ho asgklar a cfs roeukgahfs ac azar

a mgortfs cukaros bamo eacta mroar ula `aso hohatfs quo porigta socommgflar y asgklarcfs so-kôl sus mflfmgigoltfs y oxporgolmga, ayuhal-hf asé a cas omflfiéas cfmacos.

Pusga maromo ho ula pfcétgma ahomuaha hoapfyf y aprfvombaigoltf omaz ho sus roeukga-

hfs. Cfs prfkraias amtuacos cos `rglhal apfyfhuralto lf iás ho 0 añfs, cf muac os iuy pfmftgoipf para quo iumbfs so gltokrol ho efriaahomuaha.

Ahoiás, lf bay asfmgamgflos ho prftommgýl y prfifmgýl ho cfs horombfs ho cfs roeukgahfs,pfr cf quo oc iayfr gipamtf cf sfpfrtal cfs ba-`gtaltos frgkglargfs. Hahf quo lf oxgsto ul pro-supuostf glhopolhgolto hostglahf a ca mrgsgs horoeukgahfs, cfs gipuostfs cfmacos auioltal mfloc l ho apfyar a osto sokioltf luovf ho ca pf-`camgýl.

Ol mfldultf mfl cfs suochfs, osolmgacioltoostátgmfs, y ca amtuac mrgsgs lalmgora, glmcugha camaéha prfkrosgva ho cfs promgfs gltorlamgflacoshoc potrýcof, ca marka ho cfs kastfs quo koloralcfs roeukgahfs romao sf`ro ca mfiulghah cfmac.Ackulfs ho cfs ba`gtaltos quo amfkgorfl a cfsigkraltos lf bal pfhghf ialtolorcfs.

Ca mfrrupmgýl taipfmf ayuha y a ioluhfso ialgosta ol mfstfs horgvahfs ho ca traigta-mgýl y oxpohgmgýl ho ca hfmuioltamgýl lomosa-rga. Poprosoltaltos ho vargas frkalgzamgflos lfku`orlaioltacos asokural quo eulmgflargfs hoc

frkalgsif ostatac mfrrospflhgolto oxgkol acro-hohfr ho 1 igc hýcaros para oltrokarcos cfs hf-muioltfs a cfs roeukgahfs ho efria –rápgha y sglprf`coias’.

Iumbfs prf`coias so bal amuiucahf ol ul

`rovo porgfhf ho tgoipf ho`ghf a ca mrgsgs ho cfsroeukgahfs umralgalfs.

^ara iodfrar su sgtuamgýl altos ho quo soakravo bará eacta roipcazar iohghas ahiglgs-tratgvas mfl glmoltgvfs omflýigmfs y rooxaiglarcfs prfmohgigoltfs ho rou`gmamgýl, para porig-tgr su iodfr rohgstrg`umgýl ol tfhf oc paés, ho tacialora quo so tfiol ol muolta taltf cas lomo-sghahos ho ca pf`camgýl luova mfif cas ho cfsba`gtaltos frgkglargfs. (Xrahummgýl ho ÁcvarfQuogruka)

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝL POLHGMGÝL HO M_OLXA]

08 1 ho eo`rorf ho 0>15

GLUO]XGKAMGÝL POLHGMGÝL HO M_OLXA]

IÇRGMF OLXPOKÝ10 IGC IGCCFLO]A FPKALG]IF]

GLXOPLAMGFLACO]

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝLPOLHGMGÝL HO M_OLXA]

ÇPGJA PAIÉPOT,  NorgjaVmfltra

Oc pakf ho muftas a frkalgsifs gltorlamgf-lacos ba quohahf suspolhghf ol oc ^rosu-

puostf ho Okrosfs ho ca Eohoramgýl (^OE)0>15. ^orf oltro 0>1= y 0>1?, oc kf`gorlf hoOlrgquo ^oña Lgotf orfký iás ho 10 igc ?>>igccflos ho posfs ol mfltrg`umgflos para hgvor-sas glstgtumgflos, oltro cas quo so olmuoltral caFrkalgzamgýl ho cas Lamgflos _lghas (FL_),ca Frkalgzamgýl Iulhgac ho ca ]acuh (FI]), caFrkalgzamgýl Iulhgac hoc Mfiormgf (FIM),ca Frkalgzamgýl ho cas Lamgflos _lghas paraca Akrgmuctura y ca Acgioltamgýl (EAF, pfr susgkca ol glkcçs), oc Eflhf Gltorlamgflac para Hg-

 vorsghah Mucturac, oltro ftras, pfr mflmoptf ho–apfrtamgflos’ f –muftas’ y tratahfs mfiormgacos.Cfs ^OE ho cfs = añfs roeorghfs iuostral

quo cas mglmf hopolholmgas ioxgmalas quo iásbal mfltrg`ughf a ca omflfiéa ho cas frkalgza-mgflos iuctgcatoracos sfl4 ca ]omrotaréa Pocamgf-los Oxtorgfros (]PO), mfl 8 igc 78; igccflos;7= igc ?50 posfs: ca ]omrotaréa ho Bamgolha

Iás ho 10 igc igccflosho posfs sacgorfl ho casarmas ioxgmalas para ocpakf ho –mfltrg`umgflosvfcultargas’ a frkalgsifs

gltorlamgflacos, mfif

ca FL_ y ca FIM.A igtah hoc soxolgf,so mgorra ca ccavo

   M   O   M   G   C   G   A

   I   A   P   X    É   L   O   T   W   1   0   =   P   E

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝL POLHGMGÝL HO M_OLXA]

 Acgioltamgýl (]akarpa), mfl2?1 igccflos 8>> igc 0 posfs.

Oc alácgsgs ho cfs hfmuiol-tfs pô`cgmfs arrfda quo 0>1?euo oc añf quo iayfros romur-

sfs so bal macmucahf para ocpakf ho –muftas f apfrtamgf-los’, mfl 8 igc ?52 igccflos77> igc =8 posfs otgquotahfsol ca orfkamgýl ho cfs romursfspô`cgmfs, `adf ca partgha 87>> y oc mflmoptf –tralseorolmgasac oxtorgfr’, matacfkahf mfif–kastf mfrrgolto’.

Osta partgha ba sghf fismacg-zaha sýcf ol tros fmasgflos pfrca Auhgtfréa ]uporgfr ho ca Eo-horamgýl, hosho ca mroamgýl ho

osto ýrkalf ol ca muolta pô`cgma 0>11, 0>>2 y0>>5.

Cfs hgmtáiolos, oltflmos oigtghfs pfr ocoqugpf ho auhgtfr Arturf Kflzácoz ho Arakýl,pultuacgza`al sf`ro ca fpamghah o grrokucargha-hos ol ostfs ifvgigoltfs filalmgorfs ho Içxgmfbamga oc oxtorgfr.

 y Mrçhgtf ^ô`cgmf (]BM^), mfl 0 igc 5>> ig-ccflos 572 igc 7;0: ca ]omrotaréa ho Ohumamgýl^ô`cgma (]O^), mfl 1 igc 1?5 igccflos =?0 igc7;1 posfs: ca ]omrotaréa hoc Iohgf Ai`golto y Pomursfs Laturacos (]oiarlat), mfl 257 igc?5> igccflos 287 posfs, y ca ]omrotaréa ho Akrg-muctura, Kalahoréa, Hosarrfccf Purac, ^osma y

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝLPOLHGMGÝL HO M_OLXA]

Asgklamgflos

igccflargas

mfiprfiotghasCfs igcos ho igccflos ho posfs pro-

supuostahfs para oc pakf ho cfs mfiprf-igsfs mfl cfs frkalgsifs gltorlamgflacoseuorfl mflsghorahfs para sor suspolhghfsmfif mflsomuolmga ho ca mrgsgs omflýig-ma quo atravgosa oc paés: ol oc ^OE 0>15lf bay ul sýcf posf asgklahf a ostas fpo-ramgflos, sokôl mfif so puoho f`sorvarol oc hfmuioltf oigtghf pfr oc pfrtac ho

 Xralsparolmga prosupuostarga, f`sorvatf-rgf hoc kastf, ho ca ]BM^.Cfs iás ho 8 igc igccflos ho posfs

quo asgklý ca ]PO ol cfs ôctgifs = añfshorgvarfl ho ca asgklamgýl ho 1 igc =2;igccflos ol 0>1=, 1 igc 5=; igccflos ol0>18 y, oc prosupuostf iás actf, ol 0>1?,mfl 1 igc 70= igccflos ;7= igc ?50 posfs.

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so hgstrg`uyorfl iás 1 igc 1?> igccflos posfs4 =5>igccflos ;=1 igc 8>? posfs ol 0>1=: =?; igc ?==igccflos 082, ol 0>18, y 8=2 igc 22 igccflos =12,ol 0>1?.

Muftas vorsus mfi`atoa ca pf`roza

 Ac bamor ul alácgsgs ho cfs prosupuostfs asgk-lahfs a cfs prfkraias ho mfi`ato a ca pf`roza olIçxgmf, so f`sorva quo cfs 10 igc ?>> igccflos hoposfs asgklahfs huralto oc prgior trgolgf ho ca ah-iglgstramgýl ho Olrgquo ^oña Lgotf, puhgorfl sorsuiglgstrahfs ol oc kastf prfkraiahf ho prfkraiasrocamgflahfs mfl oc mfi`ato a ca pf`roza ol oc paés.

Cfs 8 igc 78; igccflos ;7= igc ?50 posfs hoca ]PO roprosoltal masg oc kastf tftac ho ul añffismac mfrrospflhgolto ac rolkcýl Apfyf a cas Ia-hros Xra`adahfras ol oc Mughahf ho sus Bgdfs, ho ca]omrotaréa ho Hosarrfccf ]fmgac (]ohosfc), mfl ulprosupuostf ho ? igc ; igccflos ;7? igc 2;0 posfs. Xai g̀çl ho ca igsia ]ohosfc, oc pakf ho muftas

os suporgfr ol 1 igc ;7; igccflos ?;=igc 50, mfiparahf mfl oc ^rfkraia hoMfiohfros mfiulgtargfs, mfl ul prosu-puostf = igc 1?> igccflos 00> igc ?>>posfs aluacos.

Ho ca ]O^, oc prosupuostf ho 1 igc1?5 igccflos =?0 igc 7;1 posfs asgk-lahfs ac pakf ho muftas a frkalgsifsgltorlamgflacos os ;>; igccflos ?=7 igc5=? posfs iolfr quo oc asgklahf paraca ohumamgýl ol ulf ho cfs ostahfs iáspf`ros hoc paés, Kuorrorf, quo osto añfotgquotý 1 igc 25= igccflos 270 igc 5>5posfs.

Ca ]ohosfc, oltflmos olma`ozahapfr Pfsargf Pf`cos @orcalka, asgklý

oc pakf ho 5 igc =75 igccflos =18 igcposfs a ca mfltrg`umgýl ho apfrtamgflos.Osto prosupuostf ro`asa ol igcos ho ig-ccflos ho posfs oc odormgmgf prosupuostachoc iulgmgpgf iás pf`ro hoc paés, Mf-mbfapa, Oc Kralho, ol Kuorrorf, quo ol0>15 muolta mfl apolas 1> igccflos hoposfs.

Ol ca iotfhfcfkéa ho ca somrotaréa olmarkaha hoca pfcétgma oxtorgfr hoc paés so hosmrg`o4 –Cas muf-tas a cfs frkalgsifs gltorlamgflacos so pakarál olca hgvgsa quo so osta`cozma ol oc tratahf, mflvolgff amuorhf gltorlamgflac, lfta hgpcfiátgma y/f efr-

iatf ho dustgfimamgýl y autfrgzamgýl para roacgzarmfltrg`umgflos vfcultargas a frkalgsifs gltorla-mgflacos susmrgtf pfr oc Kf`gorlf Ioxgmalf’ (sgm ).

^fr maha frkalgsif gltorlamgflac so mflta-rá mfl ul oxpohgolto quo ho`orá mfltolor tfha cahfmuioltamgýl quo koloro oc pakf ho ca mufta y ocefriatf –Mfltrfc ho muftas a frkalgsifs gltorla-mgflacos’ quo rokgstrará oc ifltf ho ca mufta, cfs pa-kfs roacgzahfs y oc sachf mfrrospflhgolto’.

Cfs 0 igc 5>> igccflos 572 igc 7;0 asgklahfspfr ca ]BM ,̂ a markf ho Cugs Ughokaray Masf, euo-rfl orfkahfs ho ca sgkugolto ialora4 25? igccflos?>> igc posfs ol 0>1=: y ol 0>18 y 0>1? pfr ghçltgmamufta ho 25; igccflos ?77 igc 825 posfs maha añf.

Ca ]O^, a markf ho Aurocgf Luñf Iayor hos-ho akfstf ho 0>1?, euo ca tormora mfl iás romursfshostglahfs ac pakf ho muftas. Huralto ca ahiglgs-tramgýl ho su altomosfr, Oigcgf Mbuayot Mboifr,

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Grrokucarghahos

hotomtahas pfr ca

A]E

Cas fmasgflos ol quo oc iáxgif ýr-kalf ho fismacgzamgýl ho paés rovgsý ocrolkcýl Mfiprfigsfs mfl FrkalgsifsGltorlamgflacos, ca Auhgtfréa ]uporgfrho ca Eohoramgýl olmfltrý rosuctahfshoseavfra`cos para cas oltflmos ahig-lgstramgflos palgstas ho Eocgpo MachorýlBglfdfsa y Ugmolto Efx Quosaha.

 Asé fmurrgý ol cas f`sorvamgflosho 0>11, mfif ho 0>>2 y 0>15, ol casoltghahos rovgsahas, ]O^ y ]akarpa.Odoipcf ho occf os quo, ol ca auhgtfréafilalmgora ho osta ôctgia, so olmfltrarflgrrokucarghahos ol oc ialodf ho 1 ig-ccýl =?? igc 2>> posfs4 –mfrrospflho aca eacta ho mfiprf`amgýl quo amrohgto caapfrtamgýl a ca Frkalgzamgýl Iulhgacho ]alghah Algiac’ (Mfltracéloa , 11;).

Ho ca ]O^, ca auhgtfréa oxprosa`aca fpamghah mfl quo so ialodal cfs hg-lorfs ho osto rolkcýl puos oxmoptf ocMflsodf Lamgflac para ca Muctura y cas Artos, –cas ulghahos ahiglgstratgvas ho

ca ]O^ y sus frkalgsifs hosmoltracgza-hfs lf muoltal mfl cgloaigoltfs, prf-mohgigoltfs f lfriatgva gltorla quorokuco ca moco`ramgýl y autfrgzamgýl hocfs tratahfs y amuorhfs gltorglstgtumgf-lacos mfl frkalgsifs gltorlamgflacos, cfquo gipgho mflfmor cas ároas quo ho`olpartgmgpar ol cas kostgflos alto ca ^ro-sgholmga ho ca Popô`cgma, ca Máiara ho]olahfros y ca ]PO, sus rospflsa`gcgha-hos y amtgvghahos…’, ol ca Muolta ^ô-

`cgma 0>>2.Ol taltf quo ho ca fismacgzamgýl horomursfs ho 0>>5, ca A]E hotoriglý quoca ]PO lf toléa cfs iomalgsifs ho mfl-trfc ahomuahfs para oc ialodf hoc orargfol ca partgha =205, mfrrospflhgolto a–muftas y apfrtamgflos a frkalgsifs gl-torlamgflacos’ (Mfltracéloa , 1>0).

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝL POLHGMGÝL HO M_OLXA]

Eglalzas pô`cgmas,

hañahas

Oc hañf quo ba tolghf ca omflfiéa ioxgmala

ba prfvfmahf ca cgigtamgýl prosupuostac ho acku-lfs ru`rfs (sgl quo ostfs soal lomosargaiolto cfsaproigaltos, `asta f`sorvar cfs actfs sacargfs hoackulfs eulmgflargfs pô`cgmfs).

 Xac os oc masf ho osto pakf ho muftas quo, hoamuorhf mfl oc Moltrf ho Ostuhgfs ho cas Eglal-zas ^ô`cgmas, 50 prfkraias euorfl ocgiglahfs olcfs Paifs Ahiglgstratgvfs y cas Oltghahos hoMfltrfc Hgromtf: ho çstfs, 1= mfltarfl mfl asgk-lamgýl prosupuostac ol oc ̂ OE 0>1? pfr ul ifl-tf tftac ho 18 igc 771igccflos ho posfs, ol akfstfho 0>1?.

Hostama`al cfs sgkugoltos prfkraias4 P>0=–^rfvgsgflos para oc Hosarrfccf ho Xrolos ho ^a-sadorfs’ mfl 5 igc ?>2.; igccflos ho posfs (Paif7 –Mfiulgmamgflos y Xralspfrtos’): P>;> –^rf-kraia ho Muctura ho cas Oltghahos Eohoratgvas’mfl 0 igc 111.5 igccflos (Paif 11 –Ohumamgýl^ô`cgma’): P>77 –Muftas, Apfyfs y Apfrtamgflosa Frkalgsifs Gltorlamgflacos’ mfl 8 igc ?52 ig-ccflos ho posfs.

Ol oc iarmf ho osta ocgiglamgýl ho prfkraias,oc moltrf ho ca Máiara ho Hgputahfs arkuioltý

quo –ca eusgýl ho prfkraias horgvaha ho ca rogl-koloréa hoc kastf, pfhréa har cukar a fpamghah ykolorar hgfimuctah para ovacuar sg maha ulf ho cfsprfkraias muipco mfl sus f`dotgvfs, tfha voz quooc prfpgf Mflsodf Lamgflac ho Ovacuamgýl ho ca^fcétgma ho Hosarrfccf ]fmgac (Mflovac) ba soñaca-hf ol oc pasahf quo oxgsto cgigtamgýl para ovacuarcfs prfkraias ho`ghf a quo os romurrolto quo çstfsso olefquol a iás ho ula pf`camgýl f`dotgvf. ^frolho, os lomosargf rosactar hosho abfra ca gipfr-talmga ho amfipañar osta sgipcgfimamgýl prfkra-

iátgma mfl glhgmahfros ho hosoipoñf ahomuahfsquo porigtal iohgr oc ̀ olofimgf y oc muipcgigol-tf ho cfs f`dotgvfs ho cfs luovfs prfkraias.’

^ara osto tra`adf,  Mfltracéloa   sfcgmgtý oltro- vgsta mfl Iaréa Ocgsa @alha ^çroz, hgromtfra hofrkalgsifs gltorlamgflacos ospomgacgzahfs ho ca]PO. Basta oc mgorro ho ohgmgýl lf so f`tuvf ros-puosta.

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝL IOHGF]

HOPOMBFHO PÇ^CGMAIFPHATA AC ^OPGFHG]IFMPÉXGMF

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A 0 iosos ho oltraha ol

vgkfr, ca coy rokcaioltarga

hoc horombf ho rçpcgma

amuiuca gipuklamgflos,

quodas y quoroccas duhgmgacos

ol su mfltra. Ospomgacgstas camflsghoral vgfcatfrga ho cfs

horombfs buialfs

Oc 8 ho lfvgoi`ro ho 0>1? euo pu`cgmahf oloc Hgargf Ffimgac ho ca Eohoramgýl  oc homrotf

pfr oc quo so oxpgho ca Coy Pokcaioltargahoc Artémucf 5, párraef prgiorf, ho ca Mflstgtumgýl^fcétgma ho cfs Ostahfs _lghfs Ioxgmalfs, ol ia-torga hoc Horombf ho Pçpcgma y roefria y ahgmgflaoc artémucf ?= ho ca Coy Frkálgma hoc ^fhor Duhg-mgac ho ca Eohoramgýl.

Hosho oltflmos, ca coy oigtgha pfr oc ýrkalfCokgscatgvf y prfiuckaha pfr oc Odomutgvf, amuiu-ca tros gipuklamgflos alto ca ]uproia Mfrto ho Dustgmga ho ca Lamgýl, ula quoda ol ca MfigsgýlLamgflac ho cfs Horombfs Buialfs (MLHB) y

quoroccas duhgmgacos ol su mfltra.^artghfs pfcétgmfs, ýrkalfs hoeolsfros ho horo-mbfs buialfs, iohgfs ho mfiulgmamgýl, a`fka-hfs y oxportfs so bal prflulmgahf ol mfltra ho calfriatgvghah.

Ol hgmgoi`ro pasahf, Mfltracéloa  prosoltý efr-iac quoda alto ca MLHB pfr cas vgfcamgflos a cfshorombfs buialfs quo so bal mfiotghf ac oltrar ol   M

   O   M   G   C   G   A

   I   A   P   X    É   L   O   T   W   1   0   =   P   E

OCUA IOLHFTA,   NocvaVmfltra

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GLUO]XGKAMGÝL IOHGF]

 vgkfr ca coy rokcaioltarga, oltro occfs oc horombf a caglefriamgýl, a ca cg`ortah ho oxprosgýl, ho rçpcgma, aca sokurghah duréhgma y ac prglmgpgf prf porsfla.

^rfmosf

 Ac mflsghorar quo oc luovf frholaigoltf vgfca caMflstgtumgýl ̂ fcétgma ho cfs Ostahfs _lghfs Iox-gmalfs ac iolfsma`ar ca cg`ortah ho oxprosgýl y ochorombf a glefriar, oc 8 ho lfvgoi`ro ho 0>1?,eomba ol ca quo oltrý ol vgkfr ca cokgscamgýl, ca ro- vgsta ^rfmosf gltorpusf ula hoialha ho aiparf olmfltra ho ca coy.

Ca hoialha, prosoltaha pfr cfs a`fkahfs CugsIgkuoc Malf y Kramgoca Pfhrékuoz, `usma quo ca dustgmga eohorac rovgso ca lfria quo protolho roku-car oc horombf ho rçpcgma.

Oc romursf cokac, soñaca Malf Cýpoz ol oltro- vgsta mfl Mfltracéloa , gipukla ca hofilgmgýl quoca coy bamo hoc horombf ho rçpcgma rospomtf a hatfsf glefriamgflos pu`cgmahas sf`ro bombfs –gloxam-tfs f eacsfs’ y muya hgvuckamgýl mauso ul akravgfpfcétgmf, omflýigmf, ol su bflfr, vgha prgvaha y/fgiakol ho muacqugor porsfla quo so sgolta acuhgha,glmcugha ca mrétgma porgfhéstgma.

]fstgolo ahoiás quo oc mrgtorgf ho glefriamgýlf mrétgma porgfhéstgma –eacsa o gloxamta’ os mfltrargfa cfs mrgtorgfs duréhgmfs lamgflacos y hgspfsgmgflos

gltorlamgflacos quo para oc horombf ho rçpcgma sorofiorol a cas glefriamgflos quo mfltolkal –roaciacgmga’ f –iacgmga oeomtgva’.

–]o arkuiolta quo ca coy va iás accá ho karal-tgzar ca rçpcgma, pfrquo mfcfma a cfs porgfhgstas olca f`cgkamgýl ho prf`ar ca eacsohah ho gloxamtgtuhho mualta glefriamgýl y fpglgýl hgeulhal. Ho cfmfltrargf, sorál f`dotf ho dugmgfs y salmgflos, f`cg-kamgýl ho ca quo ostarál oxoltfs aquoccfs iohgfsho glefriamgýl y porgfhgstas quo so cgigtol a ro-prfhumgr glefriamgýl ffimgac’.

Ospomgfima quo ca hoialha euo turlaha ac Duz-kahf Fmtavf ho Hgstrgtf ol Iatorga Mgvgc ol ocHgstrgtf Eohorac y aulquo lf cos ftfrkarfl ca sus-polsgýl prfvgsgflac lg ca hofilgtgva, oc aiparf, quoeuo ahigtghf, aôl sgkuo su mursf cokac.

]gl fpflorso a ca rokucamgýl hoc Artémucf 5 hoca Mflstgtumgýl, quo osta`como oc horombf ho rçpcg-ma, Malf Cýpoz sfstgolo quo ca efria ol mfif euo

rohamtaha co coy glbg`o ca cg`ro mgrmucamgýl ho ghoaso glefriamgflos, pfrquo oc horombf ho rçpcgma lfso puoho odormor ol muacqugor masf.

–Xfia ho protoxtf oc horombf ho rçpcgma paraglbg`gr ca cg`ro mgrmucamgýl ho ghoas sokôl ca céloaohgtfrgac. Cfs iohgfs quo ropgtal cfs hgmbfs f `f-cotglos ffimgacos hoc kf`gorlf ostarál oxoltfs ho cacoy. Ol mai`gf, cfs iohgfs quo mrgtgquol f co holospamgf a qugolos muostgflal a cas autfrghahos os-tál a iormoh ho quo cas autfrghahos hoc Ostahf cospghal ca rçpcgma.’

Oc a`fkahf rofioro quo aulquo tfha porsflapuoho sor roeorgha ol ula lfta porgfhéstgma y, pfrtaltf, tfha porsfla tgolo oc horombf ho ropcgmar, caiayfr parto ho ca prolsa mrétgma hohgma sus lftasa toias ho gltorçs pô`cgmf, a autfrghahos y por-sflados ho ca vgha pô`cgma quo so glvfcumral mflautfrghahos, pfr cf quo sfl occfs qugolos oxgkgráloc horombf.

 Ca efria ol quo euo rohamtaha co coy glbg`o ca cg`ro mgrmucamgýl ho ghoas o g

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–Muacqugora quo so hohgquo a ca ca`fr porgfhés-tgma sa`rá quo bay glefriamgýl quo so va mfrrf`f-ralhf porf quo ca vorhah y oxamtgtuh lf ca puohossa`or pfrquo to eacta hfmuioltamgýl, iumbas hocas vomos a mausa ho quo cas autfrghahos ca lgokal._l porgfhgsta, ahoiás, tgolo horombf a kuarhar casomroméa ho sus euoltos y abfra rosucta quo tgoloquo prf`ar ca vorhah y oxamtgtuh ho cf quo glefr-ia.’

Mfl occf, ahvgorto, ahoiás ho duhgmgacgzar ocodormgmgf, cf quo so bamo os glvortgr ca marka ho ca

pruo`a. –Ol cukar ho quo oc kf`gorlf tolka quoprf`ar sus hgmbfs, cfs iohgfs ho`orál bamor abf-ra oso tra`adf. Glvortgifs ca cýkgma ho cfs horombfsbuialfs. Ca coy pgho quo oc bombf soa vorhahorf yoxamtf. Oltflmos bay quo polsar hfs vomos altos homrgtgmar f hohgmarso a ropotgr cas vorsgflos ffimgacospara ovgtar oc dugmgf f ca iucta’.

Haha ca trasmolholmga y ropormusgflos quo

   1   0   =   P   E

tolhrá, a Malf Cýpoz co sfrprolho quo cfs io-hgfs mrétgmfs hoc paés lf ostçl bamgolhf ackf. A suparomor, maha iohgf ho`oréa tfiar ammgflos paragipuklarca, taltf ol oc ái`gtf lamgflac mfif oloc gltorlamgflac.

–Lf sýcf ^rfmosf, sglf muacqugor ftrf iohgf pf-hréa gipuklar ca coy alto glstalmgas gltorlamgfla-cos pfr sor vgfcatfrga ho ca cg`ortah ho oxprosgýl yhoc horombf a ca glefriamgýl’, mflmcuyo.

MLHB, ^PH y Ifrola,mfltra ca coy ifrhaza

_l ios hospuçs ho su pu`cgmamgýl, ca MLHBprfifvgý ula hoialha ho ammgýl ho glmflstgtu-mgflacghah alto ca ]uproia Mfrto ho Dustgmga hoca Lamgýl. Pomcaia ca glvacghoz ho cfs artémucfs 8,=2, =7 y 8> hoc homrotf pfr oc quo so oxpgho ca coyol iatorga ho horombf ho rçpcgma. Ca MLHB mfl-sghora quo hgmbfs artémucfs vgfcal oc horombf a caglefriamgýl, a ca cg`ortah ho oxprosgýl, oc horombfho rçpcgma, oc horombf a ca sokurghah duréhgma y ocprglmgpgf prf porsfla.

Ho amuorhf mfl oc alácgsgs ho ca MLHB, so vgfcal cfs Artémucfs 1, 5, ;, 18, 15 y 00 ho ca Mfls-tgtumgýl ^fcétgma ho cfs Ostahfs _lghfs Ioxgma-lfs: y oc artémucf 18 ho ca Mflvolmgýl Aiorgmala

sf`ro Horombfs Buialfs.^fr cf quo sfcgmgta a cfs iglgstrfs quo gltokral

oc ̂ colf ho ca ]uproia Mfrto ho Dustgmga ho ca La-mgýl ca glvacghoz ho ca lfria kolorac y oc iohgfffimgac ol quo so pu`cgmý f, ho cf mfltrargf, oigtaula gltorprotamgýl ho ca lfria quo mflfiora ia- yfr prftommgýl cokac, y quo sacvakuarho ca cg òrtahho oxprosgýl,