҉321 BCE-31 BCE

҉Three realms emerged: Antigonid Empire(Greece) Seleucid Empire(Mesopotamia & Persia) Ptolemaic Empire (Egypt, Palestine, Cyrenaica)

Characters at a glance

• Public buildings • Town planning • Arches & Trusses

Corinthian order was popular

Hellenistic cities oPriene oPergamum oAlexandria oDura Europos oDelos oRhodes

Important features Theatre

Temple

Villas

Palaces

Libraries

Stadia

Streets

Agora

Stoa

FEATURES 1)Villas Internal courtyard

Two storeys common 2)Library Library at Pergamum

held up 200,000 volumes

3)Palaces

Palace of Macedonian Kings:

Superstructure - unburnt

brick

Courtyard with 16 columns

on each side

Rooms on all four sides

South rooms-mosaic floors;

separate vestibule; marble

threshold

Palace of Alexandria

҉collection of buildings

҉Religious, administrative, reception and garrison

buildings

҉Museum and Library

҉Luxurious Dining pavilion-100 couches

Other royal buildings

҉Less spectacular

҉Modest houses at elevated position in citadel town

4)Theatres

Theatre

Auditorium for thousands

Orchestra where chorus danced and

sang

Stage building

Separated from

auditorium by a

passage

Theatre of Dionysus

ORCHESTRA STAGE BUILDING

SEATING

e)Stadium

The stadium at Epidaurus

was placed in a natural

elongated hollow with stone

seating.

It forms the part of natural

contour.

The people adopted a

method that followed the lay

of the land.

6)Circuit walls # protected &defined city

# lime-washed mud-brick fortifications

# Facing-stone with varying fills

# Tower, rampart walks, parapets

5)Funerary Architecture rock-cut tombs cut into cliffs

Some had stairway approach

chambers opening off a courtyard

P R I E N E

CITY

OF

Major religious

and economic

centre.

Occupies a sloping ground.

Not all the area

within the city walls

was occupied.

Proper

town

planning

can

be

seen;

GRID

PATTERN.

From

south to

north, the

STREETS

are almost

narrower.

a skillful

play of solids

and voids and

of private and

public zones

NARROW

WIDER ROAD

At the centre-AGORA

occupying two blocks of

the grid.

AGORA

Juts out from the

grid.

Does not align

with the side

streets.

Agora completely

surrounded by STOAS

Built in

DORIC order

Behind the north

stoa-

ASSEMBLY HALL

Holds perhaps

640 people

Constructed with limestone.

Stone seats arranged in straight

lines round three sides.

West- TEMPLE

OF ATHENA

POLIAS,

Greek Goddess of

wisdom, courage &

inspiration

East-THEATRE

North- SANCTUARY

dedicated to Demeter

A GYMNASIUM at

the lower edge