Selected Funeral Inscriptions on the Round Altars From Stratoniceia in the Hellenistic Period
Hellenistic period
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Transcript of Hellenistic period
҉321 BCE-31 BCE
҉Three realms emerged: Antigonid Empire(Greece) Seleucid Empire(Mesopotamia & Persia) Ptolemaic Empire (Egypt, Palestine, Cyrenaica)
Characters at a glance
• Public buildings • Town planning • Arches & Trusses
Corinthian order was popular
Hellenistic cities oPriene oPergamum oAlexandria oDura Europos oDelos oRhodes
Important features Theatre
Temple
Villas
Palaces
Libraries
Stadia
Streets
Agora
Stoa
FEATURES 1)Villas Internal courtyard
Two storeys common 2)Library Library at Pergamum
held up 200,000 volumes
3)Palaces
Palace of Macedonian Kings:
Superstructure - unburnt
brick
Courtyard with 16 columns
on each side
Rooms on all four sides
South rooms-mosaic floors;
separate vestibule; marble
threshold
Palace of Alexandria
҉collection of buildings
҉Religious, administrative, reception and garrison
buildings
҉Museum and Library
҉Luxurious Dining pavilion-100 couches
Other royal buildings
҉Less spectacular
҉Modest houses at elevated position in citadel town
4)Theatres
Theatre
Auditorium for thousands
Orchestra where chorus danced and
sang
Stage building
Separated from
auditorium by a
passage
Theatre of Dionysus
ORCHESTRA STAGE BUILDING
SEATING
e)Stadium
The stadium at Epidaurus
was placed in a natural
elongated hollow with stone
seating.
It forms the part of natural
contour.
The people adopted a
method that followed the lay
of the land.
6)Circuit walls # protected &defined city
# lime-washed mud-brick fortifications
# Facing-stone with varying fills
# Tower, rampart walks, parapets
5)Funerary Architecture rock-cut tombs cut into cliffs
Some had stairway approach
chambers opening off a courtyard
P R I E N E
CITY
OF
Major religious
and economic
centre.
Occupies a sloping ground.
Not all the area
within the city walls
was occupied.
Proper
town
planning
can
be
seen;
GRID
PATTERN.
From
south to
north, the
STREETS
are almost
narrower.
a skillful
play of solids
and voids and
of private and
public zones
NARROW
WIDER ROAD
At the centre-AGORA
occupying two blocks of
the grid.
AGORA
Juts out from the
grid.
Does not align
with the side
streets.
Agora completely
surrounded by STOAS
Built in
DORIC order
Behind the north
stoa-
ASSEMBLY HALL
Holds perhaps
640 people
Constructed with limestone.
Stone seats arranged in straight
lines round three sides.
West- TEMPLE
OF ATHENA
POLIAS,
Greek Goddess of
wisdom, courage &
inspiration
East-THEATRE
North- SANCTUARY
dedicated to Demeter
A GYMNASIUM at
the lower edge