Unit 3: Basic Cell

Structure & Function

Ms. PetrucciBiology

Features of the Cell: The Organelles

Prokaryotic cell parts

Eukaryotic Cells: Animal Cell

Eukaryotic Cells: Plant Cells

Let’s pick it apart…one organelle at a time!

Wait…What’s an Organelle?

• You tell me…– What is an organ?

• Think back to chapter 1

– What is an organelle?• specialized structure that

performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell.

Nucleus

Contains nearly all of

the cells DNA and with it the

coded instructions for making

proteins and other important molecules

The Nuclear Envelope

The nuclear envelope is layer of two membranes

that surrounds the nucleus of

a cell

The Nuclear Pores

The nuclear pores allow

material to move into and out of the nucleus.

Chromatin

Chromatin is the granular material visible within the

nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins.

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are distinct threadlike

structures that contain the genetic information that is passed from one generation to the

next.

Nucleolus

Ribosomes

• Proteins are assembled on

ribosomes

• Ribosomes are small particles

of RNA and protein found

throughout the cytoplasm

Endoplasmic Reticulum

The ER is the site where lipid components of

the cell membrane are

assembled, along with

proteins and other materials

that are exported from

the cell.

Rough ER

1 2

Which one is rough? 1 or 2?

What makes the rough ER rough?

Smooth ER

1 2

Which one is smooth? 1 or

2?

What makes the smooth ER smooth?

Golgi Apparatus

The function of the Golgi Apparatus is to modify, sort, and package proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell.

Vesicles

Specific Vesicle: Lysosomes & Peroxisomes

Central Vocuole

• Why are these flowers red?

• Are their vacuoles in animal cells?

Mitochondria

Plastids: Chloroplasts

Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton

Functions of the Cytoplasm

• The cytoplasm has several important functions, including

– suspending cell organelles

– pushing against the plasma membrane to help the cell keep its shape

– providing a site for many of the biochemical reactions of the cell

Centrioles

Plasma Membrane

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=moPJkCbKjBs

Cell Wall

What do Plant Cells Have that animal cells do not??

http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm