120

N(301 mc t) nab nablock nacre nacreous m tiu chm kt hch trn x c (thuc) x c ~ luster nh x c nadir im y, thin ground ~ im y, thin photographic ~ im y nh NAFTA (North America Free Hip c mu dch t do Bc M Trade Agreement) nab m tiu chm nablock kt hch trn nacre x c nacreous (thuc) x c ~ luster nh x c nadir im y, thin ground ~ im y, thin photographic ~ im y nh NAFTA (North America Free Hip c mu dch t do Bc M Trade Agreement) nager khoan tay naked h, trn, tr tri ~ karst karst trn (khng c t ph) ~ pole cc khng roi ( To cu ) name tn, tn gi geographic (al) ~ a danh sheet ~ tn t bn , danh php bn Namurian bc, k Namur (thuc Carbon h sm) nanophanerophytes thc vt tri l siu nh nanoplankton sinh vt tri ni siu nh nanorelief a hnh nano, a hnh cc nh nanow hm, eo bin, lng hp naphtha du m, naphtha nappe li nc; lp nc; dng dung nham; lp ph ~ de chariage lp ph a di ~ outlier ni st, st ~ nappe structure cu trc ph a di thrust ~ lp ph chm narrow eo bin, lng hp, hm // hp ~ folds np un hp nation nc, quc gia; dn tc national (thuc) nc, quc gia; dn tc ~ atlases atlas quc gia

121 ~ Conservation Strategy Chin lc Bo tn quc gia ~ forest rng quc gia ~ grid li quc gia (trc a) ~ park cng vin quc gia ~ principle for environmental impact assessment nguyn tc quc gia v nh gi tc ng mi trng ~ settlement nh c quc gia nationalism ch ngha dn tc nationalization quc hu ho nation-state quc gia native t nhin; t sinh; (thuc) a phng// ngi a phng, th dn; th sn ~ copper ng t sinh ~ gold vng t sinh ~ people nhng ngi a phng (th dn) ~ silver bc t sinh ~ sulphur lu hunh t sinh NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Hip c Bc i ty dng Organization) natural t nhin, (thuc) thin nhin ~ area vng t t nhin, vng nc t nhin ~ bridge cu thin nhin; cu karst ~ catastrophe thm ho t nhin ~ conservation bo tn thin nhin ~ disaster tai bin thin nhin ~ ecosystem h sinh thi t nhin ~ environment mi trng thin nhin ~ environment modification bin i mi trng thin nhin ~ flow dng chy t nhin ~ gas kh thin nhin ~ hazard tai bin thin nhin ~ landmark mc t nhin ~ levee thin nhin, b ni cao ~ park cng vin thin nhin ~ pit hang t nhin ~ radioative decay phn r phng x t nhin ~ resources ti nguyn thin nhin ~ resources capital ti nguyn thin nhin c bn ~ resources conservation bo tn ti nguyn thin nhin ~ resources inventory kim k i nguyn thin nhin ~ selection chn lc t nhin ~ territorial complex t hp lnh th t nhin nature bn cht, bn tnh; t nhin, thin nhin nature conservation ~ conservation s bo tn thin nhin ~ conservation reserve khu d tr bo tn thin nhin ~ protection s bo v thin nhin ~ reserve khu d tr thin nhin, s d tr thin nhin

122 nautical (thuc) hng hi; ~ twilight hong hn trn bin, bnh minh trn bin navigability c kh nng i li; c kh nng dn ng navigation ngnh hng hi, ngnh vn ti ng thu; mn dn ng Neanderthal, Neanderthanler ngi Neanderthal neap thu triu xung; triu trc th ~ tide triu nh, triu thng huyn, thu triu xung, triu trc th Nearctic faunistic region h ng vt Bc M nearest gn nht, k cn ~ neighbour analysis php phn tch k cn ~- centre hypothesis gi thuyt cn tm nebkha cn ct trng cy bi, n shrub-coppice dune Nebraskan Ice Age thi k bng h Nebraska neck th c ( magma); c, ch tht li (ca khc sng) necrophagous animals ng vt n xc cht necton sinh vt bi needle nh nhn, nh ni hnh kim; tinh th hnh kim; kim a bn ~ forest rng l kim ~ ice bng gai, bng hnh kim ~ stone natrolit, zeolit hnh kim ~ zeolite zeolit hnh kim, n natrolite need-satisfaction s tho mn nhu cu, s p ng nhu cu negative m bn (nh); s m // m, tiu cc ~ feedback s hi tip m ~ forms of relief dng a hnh m ~ skew mt nghing m, mt xin m nehrung mi ct chn (ca sng) neighbourhood hng xm; tnh trng gn, ln cn ~ business district khu kinh doanh ln cn ~ effect hiu ng ln cn ~ unit n v ln cn nekton sinh vt bi nematode, nematode worms giun trn, Nemathelminthes neoclassical economics nn kinh t tn kinh in neo-colonialism, neocolonialism ch ngha thc dn mi Neocomian bc, k Neocom (thuc Creta h sm) Neogaea Neogaea (gm Proterozoi mun v Phanerozoi) Neogene h, k Neogen neoglacial (thuc) bng k mi neoglaciation bng k mi (trong Holocen mun) neo-imperialism Ch ngha quc mi Neolithic thi k mi // (thuc) thi k mi neo-Malthusian ngi theo thuyt Malthus mi neophytes cy mi nhp neophytic (giai on) Tn thc vt, neophyta

123 Neoproterozoic neotechnic neotectonics neotropical gii, i Neoproterozoi (thuc) tn k thut mn tn kin to (thuc) nhit i mi, tn nhit i ~ faunistic region h ng vt nhit i mi ~ floristic kingdom gii thc vt nhit i mi nepheline kv nephelin nephrite kv nephrit neptunism thuyt thu thnh neritic () gn b (gia mc triu kit v ra thm lc a); (thuc) sinh vt gn b ~ deposits trm tch gn b ~ zone i gn b nest , ti; t ~ of termites mi nested ni la lng (vo nhau) nested sinkholes thung lng karst nesting s to thnh , s lm t; s (xp) lng vo nhau net li, mng, mng li; li chiu, li lp th // thc, tinh ~ benefit li nhun thc, li rng ~ energy nng lng thc ~ migration s di c thc ~ migration balance s cn bng s di c thc ~ primary productivity nng sut thc ban u ~ radiation s bc x thc ~ reproduction rate tc ti sn xut thc; s sinh sn thc network mng li, li ~ analysis php phn tch mng li ~ chain chui mng li neuston sinh vt mt nc neutral trung ho, trung tnh ~ density gas cloud mt trung ho ca my kh ~ rocks trung tnh ~ valley thung lng trung ho neutralism ch ngha trung lp neutrality tnh trung ho, trung tnh neutrophilous (thuc) sinh vt a mi trng trung tnh Nevadian orogeny, Nevadian hot ng to ni Nevada, hot ng un np Nevada folding new mi ~ Commonwealth countries cc nc mi trong Khi thnh vng chung ~ global tectonics kin to ton cu mi ~ international division of labour, NIDL s phn cng lao ng quc t mi, NIDL ~ moon trng non

124 ~ Stone Age thi k mi newly industrializing country, nc cng nghip mi, NIC NIC New-zealandian faunistic region khu h ng vt Newzeland NGO (non-government NGO (T chc phi chnh ph) organization) NIC (newly industrializing NIC (nc cng nghip mi) country) niccolite kv nicolit, nickelin niche hc (do nc hay phong ho to ra chn vch ); hm tuyt; t, (ca sinh vt) nick point on gp khc, im gp khc (ca dng chy) nickeline kv nickelin nimbus my dng nimbostratus my dng tng niobite niobit, columbit nitratine salpet natri, nitratin nitratite nitratit nitratophilous organisms sinh vt a nitrat nitre dim tiu, salpet nitric acid acid axit nitric nitrification s nitrat ho nitrifying bacteria vi khun gy nitrat ho nitrite natrit (mui ca axit nit) nitrogen nit ~ cycle chu trnh nit ~ fixation s c nh m nitronatrite nitronatrit nival mi trng tuyt ~ belt ai bng tuyt ~ climate kh hu bng tuyt ~ karst karst vng tuyt ph, karst ni cao nivation tc dng bng tuyt, qu trnh thnh to a hnh di tc dng ca bng tuyt ~ cirque i vng do tc dng bng tuyt niveo-fluvial (thuc) sng bng noctilucent cloud my d quang nocturnal (thuc v) ban m ~ radiation bc x v m nodal (thuc) nt, mu, nt, hch, nm ~ point im nt node t, mu ( thc vt), mu khp ( Ru ng vt); khuu ( t gy); giao im ~ of seiche tit im thu triu gi ~ of standing oscillation wave tit im sng dao ng ng nodular, nodulated c u, dng kt hch, dng bao th

125 noise ting n, m nhiu ~ abatement zone i lm gim ting n ~ control legislation lut kim sot ting n ~ exposure forecast (NEF) d bo l ting n (NEF) ~ labelling s ghi nhn ting n, s dn nhn ting n ~ pollution s nhim ting n ~ rating nh mc ting n ~ noise-rating curve ng cong nh mc ting n dn du c, ngi sng nay y mai nay y mai , du c ~ bird chim du c i sng du c nh danh, danh ngha, xc nh khng tiu chun ~ worker nhn cng khng tiu chun khng chnh hp s khng chnh hp (trn magma hay bin cht) khng suy bin ~ pollutant cht gy nhim khng suy bin khng thuc gio hi khng trng lc ~ spring mch nc khng trng lc khng kim loi, phi kim loi ~ mineral khong vt phi kim loi khng kim loi, phi kim loi phi tham s ~ statistics thng k phi tham s ~ test php th phi tham s khng tun hon ~ current dng (chy) khng tun hon khng n nh ~ pollutant cht nhim khng n nh khng ti sinh ~ resource ti nguyn khng ti sinh khng o ngc ~ environmental change s bin i khng th o ngc ca mi trng s khng k tip, s khng lin tc khng do thu triu ~ current dng chy khng do thu triu khng c g, khng cho g ~ forest product sn phm ca rng khng ly g v dng ~ value gi tr v dng gia tra, chnh ng bc, k Nori (Trias thng mun) norit

nomad nomadic nomadism nominal non-basic nonconformable nonconformity nondegradable non-ecumene non-gravity spring non-metallic nonmetals non-parametric

nonperiodic nonpersistent non-renewable non-reversible

non-sequence non-tidal non-timber non-use noon Norian norite

126 normal bnh thng; chun; thun; vung gc ~ distribution s phn b chun ~ divide ng chia nc bnh thng ~ fault t gy thun ~ fold np un bnh thng ~ limb of a fold cnh bnh thng (ca np un) ~ projection php chiu vung gc ~ watershed ng chia nc bnh thng (thuc) tiu chun, (thuc) nh mc ~ theory l thuyt nh mc, l thuyt chun phng bc ~ American Free trade Area Khu vc thng mi t do bc M ~ Atlantic Drift s dch chuyn ca bc i Ty Dng ~ Atlantic Treaty Organization T chc Hip c Bc i Ty Dng (NATO) ~ Pacific Current dng chy Bc Thi Bnh Dng ~ star sao phng bc ~-american cao p Bc M (thuc) phng bc Notogea sao mi (thuc) ht nhn ~ age determination nh tui phng x ~ basin bn nhn (bn to ni mun ca ai ng) ~ fission phn r ht nhn ~ fuel nhin liu ht nhn ~ power nng lng ht nhn ~ reactor l phn ng ht nhn ~ winter ma ng ht nhn ht nhn dng vn ni la, my tro ni la; n pyroclastic flow, glowing ash cloud vng cc t nhin (trong sa khong), qung vng; kim loi cc t nhin s khng// bng khng ~ hypothesis gi thuyt s khng (thuc) s; bng s ~ methods phng php s tr ~ aperture khu s (ca knh hin vi) Trng tin, Nummulites h, k Nummulit (= Paleogen) o sng bng s dao ng a trc, s chuyn ng a trc thc n, cht dinh dng, cht nui dng ~ budget qu dinh dng ~ cycle chu k dinh dng

normative North

northern Notogea nova nuclear

nuclei, nucleus nue ardente nugget null numerical

Nummulites Nummulithic nunatak nutation nutrient

127 nutrition s nui dng, s dinh dng; thc n

O(300 mc t) oak oasis OAU (Organization of African Unity) obduction object objective oblateness oblique cy si; g si; sn phm t g si c o ( sa mc) T chc Thng nht Chu Phi s chm trt (ca v i dng) mc tiu; vt (th); i tng vt knh (ca knh hin vi) dt ~ of the Earth dt ca Tri t nghing, xin, cho ~ bedding phn lp nghing, phn lp xin ~ fault t gy cho ~ joint khe nt cho ~ plain ng bng nghing ~ slip trt cho, dch chuyn cho ~ stratification s phn lp (tng) nghing ~projection php chiu nghing, hnh chiu nghing t gy dch chuyn xin ngc hng, ngc va ~ stream dng chy ngc ~ valley thung lng ngc i quan st, i thin vn obsidian, v chai bt kn, khp kn; c t s c t; s bt kn s che lp, s che khut s lp, s chim ~ rate tc chim (lp) (thuc) s lp, s chim ~ mobility tnh c ng ... s xut hin, s xy ra; biu hin, s phn b i dng, hi dng ~ current dng hi lu, dng i dng ~ dumping s thi ra i dng ~ level mc (nc) i dng s tch gin y i dng rnh, mng y i dng; vc bin (thuc) i dng, (thuc) hi dng ~ basin bn i dng ~ climate kh hu i dng, kh hu bin ~ crust v i dng ~ Earth's crust v Tri t i dng

oblique-slip fault obsequent

observatory obsidian occluded occlusion occultation occupancy occupational occurrence ocean

ocean-floor spreading ocean-floor trench oceanic

128 ~ fringing rises (cc) i nng ven ra i dng ~ island o i dng ~ meadow zones cc i ng c i dng ~ ridge sng ni i dng, sng ni gia i dng ~ sediments trm tch i dng, trm tch bin ~ trench rnh (mng) i dng ~ zone i i dng ~ network mng hi dng (thuc) hi dng ~ section mt ct hi dng ~ station trm hi dng hi dng hc hi dng hc (thuc) mu son, bt mu ~ mud bn mc 0 ca mt bin c quy nh trn bn mi, mi thm, hng thm for T chc Hp tc v Pht trin kinh t and gio hi c c c quan, phng ~ activity hot ng ca c quan ph bin thoi s x dch b (bin); nhnh ni, bc thm sn dc; s x dch (khi thc hin php chiu bn ); s phn nhnh ngang (ca t gy); ni m ngang, honh sn nhnh ni ngang, honh sn; nhnh, cnh; chi (ca mt h) () ngoi khi, xa b ~ assembly qun t xa b ~ bar di ct chn xa b, doi ct xa b ~ economy kinh t xa b ngoi khi (xa b) ~ island o ngoi khi (xa b) nhnh ni ngang, honh sn s bm ht nc di t hnh cung nhn, vm hnh cung nhn; cu trc vm hnh cung ( chn ni bng) tng O du, du m ~ birth zone i sinh du ~ crisis cuc khng hong du m ~ field b du, m du ~ mining khai thc du khh ~ pollution nhim du ~ pool m du ~ price shock cn sc gi du

oceanographical

oceanography oceanology ochreous OD (ordnance datum) odour OECD (Organization economic Cooperation Development) oecumene office activity offlap offset offshoot offshore

off-shore offspur offtake ogive O-horizon oil

129 ~ refining s lc du ~ shale phin du, phin kerogen, kerogenit ~ trap by du kh ~ well ging du k bng h Oka gi, tui gi; giai on a hnh gi ci ~ age tui gi; giai on a hnh gi ci ~ fold mountain ni un np c ~ mountains ni gi (hnh thnh t tam) ~ Red Sandstone ct kt c (tui Devon) ~ valley thung lng c ~ World cu th gii ~-growth forest rng gi bc, k Olenek (Trias h sm) hematit thng, th Oligocen (Paleogen thng mun) oligoclas oligoclasit t xo trn (v nc) ~ lake h t xo trn (v nc) ngho dinh dng ~ lake h ngho dinh dng ~ moor m ly ngho dinh dng ~ plant thc vt t cn dinh dng th trt l (ng trm tch), olistostrom olivin olivinit; n dunit a ma cc loi cy a ma, thc vt a ma n tp ph bin tin s phong ho bc v, s phong ho hnh cu (thuc) pht sinh c th s pht sinh c th, qu trnh pht trin c th onyx, m no dng di trng c, oolit (thuc) trng c ~ limestone vi trng c ~ texture cu to trng c mnh t bn mm; bn bin, bn opal opalit, opal c tp cht T chc cc nc xut khu du m

Oka old

Olenekian oligist-iron Oligocene oligoclase oligoclasite oligomictic oligotrophic

olistostrome olivine olivine rock ombrophilous ombrophytes omnivore onlap onion weathering ontogenetic ontology onyx oolite oolitic

ooze opal opalite OPEC (organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) open thong, h, m ~ channel lng (sng) thong

130 ~ fold np un gc rng (70 120o) ~ joint khe nt h, khe n ~ lake h thng vi mng sng ngi ~ plant community qun x thc vt tha ~ sea bin h, bin khi ~ system h thng m ~ systems interconnection, OSI lin kt gia cc h m, OSI ~ woodland (vng) rng sng ~ cast mining s khai thc l thin ~-cut mining s khai thc l thin ~-pit mining s khai thc l thin (thuc) ophit, (c cu to) ophit, (thuc) dolerit ~ texture cu to ophit opoka ( vi silic xp) loi nht thi nht thi ~ cost chi ph nht thi s i lp, s i nhau; v tr i nhau ~ of planet v tr i din ca hnh tinh (thuc) quang hc; th gic ~ illusion o nh (quang hc) ti u ~ city size quy m ti u ca thnh ph ~ location v tr ti u s ti u ho ~ model m hnh ti u ho quan im ti u ~ city size quy m ti u ca thnh ph ~ population s dn ti u (thuc) qu o ~ motion s chuyn ng theo qu o cp, bc; th t; b (thuc) cp, bc ~ data s liu theo cp bc ~ scale thang cp bc s liu theo cp bc, OD h, k Ordovic qung ~ deposit m qung, m khong, t khong bc Orenburg (bc cao nht ca Carbon Nga) hu c; (thuc) sinh vt; (thuc) c quan ~ acid axit hu c ~ fertilizer phn bn hu c ~ matter vt cht hu c ~ pesticides cht tr su sinh hc ~ pollution s nhim hu c ~ product sn phm sinh hc

ophitic opoka opportunist species opportunity opposition optical optimal

optimization optimizer concept optimum orbital order ordinal

ordnance datum, OD Ordovician ore Orenburgian organic

131 ~ rock ngun gc sinh vt; n vt ~ soil t giu sinh cht ~ substance cht hu c ~ texture kin trc sinh vt ~ waste cht thi hu c ~ weathering phong ho hu c, phong ho sinh vt organism sinh vt Organization for Economic Co- T chc Hp tc v Pht trin Kinh t operation and Development Organization of African Unity, T chc Thng nht chu Phi, OAU OAU Organization of American T chc cc nc chu M, OAS States, OAS organogenous (c) ngun gc hu c ~ limestone vi ngun gc hu c ~ sediments trm tch ngun gc hu c organosedimentary trm tch sinh cht (trm tch thnh to do hot ng sinh hc nh to, v d stromatolit) orictocoenosis qun h ho thch Oriental (thuc) phng ng ~ faunistic region khu h ng vt phng ng origin ngun gc, gc ~ of life ngun gc s sng original nguyn thu, ban u; c o ~ bedding s phn lp nguyn thu, s phn va nguyn thu ornithochores phn chim ornithochorous (thuc) phn chim, (cha) phn chim orogen ai to ni orogenesis chuyn ng to ni, qu trnh to ni orogenic (thuc) to ni ~ movements chuyn ng to ni ~ phases cc pha to ni orogeny chuyn ng to ni, qu trnh to ni orographic (thuc) sn vn, ni ~ clouds my ni ~ occlusion s ph kn ni ~ precipitation ma (tuyt) trn ni ~ rainfall, ~ rain ma ni ~ wind gi ni ~ snow-line ng tuyt trn ni orthoclase kv orthoclas orthodrome vng trn ln (i qua tm Tri t) orthogeosyncline trc a mng, a mng nguyn thu orthogneiss orthogneis orthogonal trc giao ~ dissection of mountains ng chia ct trc giao ca ni ~ drainage pattern h thng thot nc trc giao, m hnh

132 thot nc trc giao orthographic projection php chiu trc giao, hnh chiu trc giao oscillation s dao ng, s chn ng, s rung ng oscillatory movements chuyn ng dao ng oscillatory wave sng dao ng OSI (open systems interconnection) OSI (lin kt m gia cc h thng) osmosis s thm thu, hin tng thm Ostashkov Ice Age bng k Ostakhov Ostracoderms C da phin outage s thiu in, thiu cht t, s hao ht (trong vn chuyn) outcrop vt l outer pha ngoi, ngoi cng ~ shoreline ng b ngoi outfall ca sui ~ sewer nc bn, nc thi t ca sui outflow s chy ra; nc chy ra outlet s chy ra; dng, ca x nc outlet glacier sng bng chy ra t m bng outlier khi st; khi c n c, khi st outline ng vin, khung (ngoi); bn phc ho outline map bn gin lc, s out-of-town ngoi thnh ph ~ shopping centre trung tm mua bn ngoi thnh ph outport cng trc, cng ngoi output s sn xut, sn lng khai thc; nng sut ~ pollution control kim sot lng nhim outwash trm tch ra tri (do sng bng) ~ plain ng bng ra xi, ng bng ra trc, ng bng ra, ng bng bng tch; ngng ca xi, ngng bng tch ~ sands and gravels ct v sn do ra xi overbank l ~ flow dng l overburden lp t ph trn overcapacity s vt qu kh nng overdeepened o qu su ~ valley thung lng o qu su overdeepening hin tng khot qu su overfall ch nc xoy overfault t gy o overflow s chy trn, s trn nc, lt overflow nc trn ~ channel lng chy trn ~ lake h do nc trn ~ stream dng chy trn overgrazing s chn th qu mc overhead nng ln trn mt t; trn u; lin quan n ton b s tin

133 phi tr ~ costs tng chi ph trn mt t ~ flow dng chy mt t, dng chy trn lan ~ runoff dng chy mt t ph chng, ph chm ~ fault t gy chm ~ fold np un chm ph ~ zone i ph chng s ph chm ~ arrangement of strata quan h ph chm ca cc tng ~ spur nhnh ni chm, nhnh ni an xen qu ti ~ river dng sng qu ti s tha cht dinh dng nhn mn, mt dn c qu cao thc nc chm// lm qu, vt qu; qu ch lng trn ra; s dn tha t gy nghch chm, t gy chm gc nh ~ fold np un nghch chm ~ sheet lp ph nghch chm o ngc ~ bedding s phn lp (phn va) o ngc ~ fold np un o ngc ~ limb of fold cnh o ngc ca np un s th ho qu mc h mng nga bc, k Oxfordi (thuc Jura thng mun) s xy ho oxy ~ cycle chu trnh ca oxy ~ demand nhu cu oxy, nhu cu oxy ho hc, COD ~ demanding waste cht thi cn oxy thc vt a t chua sp t, sp ho thch, sp khong, ozokerit, parafin t sinh ozon ~ layer tng ozon ~ screen mng ozon quyn ozon

overland

overlap

overlapping

overloaded overnutrition overpopulation overshoot overspill overthrust

overturned

overurbanization ox-bow lake Oxfordian oxidation oxygen

oxylophytes ozokerite ozone

ozonosphere

P(853 mc t) pacific (thuc) Thi Bnh Dng; chnh hp ~ folding s un np chnh hp ~ rim ra Thi Bnh Dng ~-type coast b kiu Thi Bnh Dng

134 Pacific plate pack ice package paehoehoe, pahoehoe palaearctic paleoanthropology Paleoarchean paleoautecology paleobiocoenose paleobiogeography paleobiotope paleoblast paleobotany Paleocene paleochannel paleoclimatology paleoecology paleoeuxinian Paleogene paleogeographical paleogeography paleogeomorphology paleoglaciology paleoichnology paleoichthyology Paleolithic paleomagnetism paleontology paleopathollogy paleophytology paleosynecology paleotechnic paleothanatocoenose paleotropical floristic kingdom paleovolcanic paleovolcanology Paleozoic paleozoology palimpsest mng Thi Bnh Dng bng m, m bng ni, m bng tri s ng gi, s bc ~ tourism du lch trn gi (c dng) vn thng ~ lava dung nham vn thng (thuc) c a cc ~ faunistic region khu h c ng vt a cc c nhn hc Paleoarkei (nguyn i, gii u ca Arkei) c sinh thi hc c th qun h sinh vt c c a l sinh vt paleobiogeography c sinh cnh bin tinh c c thc vt hc thng, th Paleocen (thuc Paleogen) lng sng c c kh hu hc, mn c kh hu c sinh thi hc (thuc) c euxini h, k Paleogen (thuc) c a l ~ map bn c a l c a l hc, mn c a l c a mo hc, mn c a mo c bng tuyt hc, mn c bng tuyt c di tch hc, mn c di tch c ng hc (thuc) c ~ period thi k c c t c sinh vt hc, mn c sinh c bnh hc c thc vt hc c sinh thi hc qun th, mn c sinh thi qun th (thuc) c k thut ~ era thi k c k thut qun h chn vi c gii thc vt c xch o (thuc) c ni la ~ rocks c ni la c ni la hc, mn c ni la gii, i Paleozoi; gii, i C sinh c ng vt hc, mn c ng vt thm lc a st

135 ~ relief a hnh thm lc a st palingenesis s ti sinh, s li ging; s ti to Palmer Drought Severity Index, ch s hn hn khc lit Palmer PDSI palsa g than bn ln bng paludal m ly ~ forest rng m ly palynology mn bo t phn hoa palympset tn d nguyn thu pampa ng c vng n i ( Nam M) pampero gi Pampero (gi rt ty nam t dy Andes n i Ty Dng) pan (cc) qung st; mng i (sa khong); tng t ci; bn a, t trng lng cho panautomorphic granular kin trc ht t hnh pandemic ph bin rng (v iu kin t nhin), phn tn rng (v sinh vt) Pangaea, Pangea Pangea, Ton lc, Siu lc pannage s th ln vo rng kim n Pannonian bc, k Pannon (thuc Neogen ng u) panplain ng bng hp th, panplain (rt bng phng nghing v bin) panplanation panplain ho Panthalassa Siu i dng, Ton i dng pantropical distribution phn b khp nhit i parabolic dune cn ct parabol paraclases t gy; n fault paraconformable, gi chnh hp paraconformity paradigm h bin ho; mu, m hnh, kiu paragenesis cng sinh paragenetic sequence dy cng sinh, dy khong vt parageosyncline a mng, ni a mng, chun a mng paragneiss paragneis, gneis gc trm tch parallax th sai parallel v tuyn, vng v tuyn; ng song song, //song song ~ bedding phn lp song song, phn lp chnh hp ~ cleavage th ch song song ~ discordance bt chnh hp song song ~ drainage tiu thot (nc) song song ~ fold np un song song, np un ng tm ~ sequence dy song song (ca a tng) ~ sheeting phn phin song song ~ slope retreat li vch song song, li sn song song parameter thng s, tham s parametric statistics thng k thng s paramo i trc ( Nam M) parasite vt k sinh, k sinh trng parasitic volcanic cone nn ni la k sinh

136 parasitism parasitoid parent hin tng k sinh; quan h k sinh vt dng k sinh m; gc ~ magma magma m ~ material vt liu gc ~ rock m magma m tnh ti u, s ti u Pareto a phng// (thuc) a phng vng vn, cng vin, bi xe ~ landscape cnh quan cng vin ~-forest rng cng vin national ~ vn quc gia rng; bi rng i snh tng phn tc tham gia, mc tham gia ht ~-size analysis phn tch c ht, phn b tn sut c ht s phn chia, s tch; khi nt, lp ~ band di phn chia, di tch rng l nh ng, ng dn; s i qua, li vo; s di chuyn, ng i th ng, b ng ~ glacier sng bng th ng ~ margin ra th ng sinh hot nng thn ng c chn th h trn nh, h trong bn , h dng bc ng i, ng mn, tuyn mm bnh; ngun bnh (thuc) mm bnh; (thuc) ngun bnh ~ organisms sinh vt gy bnh cht thi bnh l ch gia trng; h thng gia trng hnh, dng; mu, m hnh; cu trc, kin trc c m hnh ~ ground t c m hnh nng dn than bn ~ bog m ly than bn, bi than bn ~ bog soils t m ly than bn ~ hills i than bn ~ hummoks g than bn ~ land science khoa hc v t than bn ~ moor m ly than bn ~ moss bog m ly than bn t ru ~ moss moor m ly than bn t ru

parental magma Pareto optimality parish park

parkland partial correlation participation rate particle parting parvifoliate forest passage passive

pastoralism pasture paternoster lake path pathogen pathogenic pathological waste patriarchy pattern patterned peasant peat

137 ~ mound cn than bn ~ ore qung than bn ~ soil t than bn cui n v t nhin ca cu to t (nh ht, cc, tng) b (do gi mi mn) pedimen, ng bng gc trc ni s thnh to pedimen, s thnh to ng bng gc trc ni ng bng chn ni, bn bnh nguyn hoang mc, ng bng hoang mc thnh to ng bng gc t calci, t vi th sinh, s pht sinh t, ngun gc t th nhng hc, khoa hc v t peon (n v phn loi t) phn v th a tng bn a cht mng, bn bc lp ph pegmatit, n giant granite ~ granite granit pegmatit (thuc) bin khi; ng vt bin khi (thuc) phn h su; (thuc) bin khi ~ deposits trm tch bin khi ~ organisms sinh vt bin khi ~ region vng bin khi ~ zone i bin khi si thu tinh ni la, tc Pel (thuc) ni la Pele ~ eruption, ~-type eruption phun tro kiu Pel pelit (loi ht mn nh bn kt, st vi) kin trc pelit pendotit gn ng thi ~ folding s un np hu nh ng thi bn bnh nguyn bn bnh nguyn ho, thnh to bn bnh nguyn bn bnh nguyn bn o tuyt dng ct h Pensylvani (thut ng ca M = Carbon trung-thng) s tng dn c qu mc pepit mi u ngi, theo u ngi cm nhn ~ environment mi trng cm nhn s cm nhn treo

pebble ped pedestal, pedestal rock pediment pedimentation pediplain pediplanation pedocal pedogenesis pedology pedon pedostratgraphic unit peel map pegmatite pelagian, pelagic pelagic

Pel's hair pelean pelite pelitic texture pendotite penecontemporaneous peneplain peneplanation peneplane peninsula penitent snow Pennsylvanian people overpopulation pepita per capita perceived perception perched

138 ~ block khi treo, tng treo, treo ~ water-table gng nc treo, gng nc biu kin thm ~ water nc thm s thm, s ngm, s thm thu; s xuyn qua ~ seepage s d r do thm lu nin ~ lake h lu nin ~ cryolithic zone i bng gi lu nin ~ plant thc vt lu nin ~ stream dng chy lu nin ~ frozen ground t bng gi lu nin s thng l; l thng ~ kame g thng nghing quanh ~ bedding s phn lp nghing quanh ~ dip gc dc nghing quanh, gc cm nghing quanh np un nghing quanh; periclin (mt dng albit) peridot cn im, im gn Tri t (ca qu o Mt Trng) (thuc) ra bng ~ deposits trm tch ra bng ~ zone i ra bng im gn Mt Tri, im cn nht (trong qu o ca mt hnh tinh) thi k; k ~ of rain ma ma (c) chu k, nh k ~ current dng triu; dng chy c chu k ~ lake h c nc nh k ~ market th trng c chu k tnh chu k, tnh tun hon chu vi, ngoi vi, ngoi bin// ph kin, thit b ngoi vi nn vn ho vnh cu ng bng vnh cu, t bng gi lu nin ~ zone i ng bng vnh cu n nh ~ base level mc c s n nh (ca sng...) ~ community qun x n nh, qun hp n nh ~ lake h lu nin ~ open freshwater nc ngt thng thong thng xuyn ~ river sng c nc thng xuyn ~ snow tuyt vnh cu ~ snow line ng tuyt vnh cu thm; tnh thm thm c ~ rock thm c

percolating percolation perennial

perforation periclinal

pericline peridot perigee periglacial

perihelion period periodic

periodicity periphery permaculture permafrost permanent

permeability permeable

139 Permian perovskite perpetual h, k Permi perovskit vnh cu ~ snow tuyt vnh cu ~ frost climate kh hu bng gi vnh cu n nh, bn vng, thng xuyn ~ pollutant cht gy nhim thng xuyn ~ pesticide tr su lu cu ~ snowbank b tuyt n nh tnh n nh, tnh khng thay i c nhn ~ construct theory thuyt kt cu c nhn ~ enquiry (investigation) iu tra c nhn ~ sector khu vc c nhn ~ service dch v c nhn ~ space khng gian c nhn, khng gian ring s th hin phi cnh, php phi cnh ~ map bn phi cnh ~ projection php chiu phi cnh, hnh chiu phi cnh thm qua, lt qua loi gy hi, vt ph hoi thuc dit loi gy hi, thuc tr su s ho , vt ho thch ho; ho du thch hc cu to; n structural petrology mn thch hc du m, du th cha du ~ shale phin bt-st cha du thch lun mn thch kin to th thu knh, phacolit (th xm nhp ng kin to) thc vt tri l lin gii, lin i Phanerozoi pha ~ layering phn lp khong vt theo pha, phn lp kt tinh longitudinal ~ pha sng dc (ng t) metallisation ~ pha to qung kv phenacit, phenakit ban tinh (thuc) vt hu hc ~ map bn vt hu hc vt hu hc hin tng, c tnh cht hin tng; phi thng, c bit ~ environment mi trng c bit ng cong Phillip

persistant

persistence personal

perspective

pervious pest pesticide petrification petrochemistry petrofabrics petrography petroleum petroliferous petrology petrotectonics phacolith phanerophytes Phanerozoic phase

phenacite phenocryst phenologic phenology phenomenal Phillips curve

140 phlogopite phonolite phosphates phosphatic phlogopit, mica h phch phonolit phosphat (thuc) phosphat, cha phosphat ~ fertilizer phn bn phosphat ~ ore qung phosphat ln quang phosphorit phosphor ~ cycle chu trnh phosphor sng mnh ~ region vng sng mnh ~ zone i sng mnh (thuc) quang ho ~ smog sng m quang ho mn o nh (thuc) chp nh ~ interpretation lun gii nh, gii on nh ~ map bn nh s quang hp (thuc) quang hp ~ bacteria vi khun quang hp (thuc) nc ngm ~ cycle chu k nc ngm ~ groundwater nc di t ~ surface gng nc n water table ~ water nc di t khng p thc vt sng bng nc ngm phylit phylit (thuc) vt l; t nhin; vt cht ~ geography mn a l t nhin ~ map bn t nhin ~ mobility tnh ng ca t nhin ~ weathering phong ho vt l, phong ho c hc ~-geographic boundary ranh gii a l t nhin ~-geographic limit gii hn a l t nhin ~-geographical map bn a l t nhin ~-geographical processes cc qu trnh a l t nhin ~-geographical regionalization phn vng a l t nhin ~-geographical sector khu vc a l t nhin ~-geographical stripe di a l t nhin ~-geographical subzone ph i a l t nhin a vn ~ regional subdivision phn vng a vn (thuc) sinh l hc ~ density mt sinh l hc, t trng sinh l hc

phosphorescence phosphorites phosphorus photic

photochemical photogrammetry photographic

photosynthesis photosynthetic phreatic

phreatophyte phrygana phyllite physical

physiographic physiological

141 ~ drought hn hn sinh l hc ~ drought of soil s kh hn sinh l hc ca t phytheme phythem (khong a tng Tin Cambri da vo Stromatolit) phytobenthos thc vt y phytoclimate kh hu thc vt phytocoenosis qun h thc vt phytoedaphon khu h thc vt th nhng phytogeography mn a l thc vt phytogeosphere a quyn thc vt phytology thc vt lun phytophagans ng vt n thc vt phytophagous (thuc) n thc vt ~ animals ng vt n thc vt phytoplankton thc vt tri ni phytosociology qun x thc vt hc phytotoxicant cht c thc vt pictogram tranh v trn (ca ngi c) Piacenzian bc, k Piacenzi (cui Neogen, thi a tng quc t) pie hn n, ln xn ~ chart biu hn n ~ diagram th hn n piedmont min chn ni, min trc ni ~ benchland vng thm chn ni ~ deposits trm tch chn ni ~ glacier sng bng chn ni ~ lake h chn ni ~ plain ng bng bi tch chn ni piercing xuyn thng ~ fold np un diapir, diapir piezometric (thuc) o p ~ surface mt chit p pillow lava dung nham dng gi, dung nham dng elipsoid pillow-like jointing th nt dng gi pinching out vt mng pine forest rng thng, rng l kim pingo i bng gi pin-hair dune cn ct dng kim ci tc pinnate longitudinal dune-ridge g cn dc x lng chim pioneer tin phong// nhm tin phong, taxon tin phong ~ community qun x tin phong ~ settlement s nh c ban u ~ species loi tin phong ~ vegetation thc vt tin phong pipe ng dn, mch; ng qung ~ eruption s phun tro dng ng pipeline ng ng, ng dn du

142 pisolite pisolith pit asphalt pitch pithecanthrops pitot tube pisolit (mt dng calcit hay aragonit); vi ht u, sn ht u kt hch dng ht u asphalt asphalt dng hc, hc n dng hc nha, asphalt; gc chc; mi dc; s chc ngi vn Java; Pithecanthropus ng nh, h mt u (dng trong cc dng c o p sut, tc cht kh, cht lng) ~ anemometer ng o gi ch, ni, a im; y, gng (l) ~ name tn gi theo v tr ~ utility ng dng theo v tr sa khong, qung trm tch ~ deposit m sa khong c Da phin, Placodermi bi bin (ct) kv plagioclas, felspat natri-calci ng bng ~ landscape cnh quan ng bng ~ of abrasion ng bng mi mn bc, k Plaisanci (cui Neogen Chu u = Piacenzi) bnh , s ; k hoch, phng n s san bng, s thnh to ng bng mt, mt phng ~ of the ecliptic b mt hong o ~-table survey s o v bn c, s kho st bn c (thuc) hnh tinh ~ geology a cht hc v tr, a cht hc hnh tinh ~ wind gi hnh tinh hnh tinh cao nguyn dung nham ph lu, sng nhnh sinh vt tri ni, sinh vt ph du nn kinh t c k hoch s lp bnh , s quy hoch ~-system firms cc cng ty c h thng quy hoch cy, thc vt; dng c, thit b; nh my ~ association qun hp thc vt ~ climax cao im ca thc vt ~ communities chorology mn sinh a l qun x thc vt ~ community qun x thc vt ~ community complex t hp qun x thc vt ~ residues tn tch thc vt, tn d thc vt ~ society qun x thc vt ~ succession din th thc vt trng trt, trng cy ~ agriculture nng nghip trng trt, nng nghip trang tri

place

placer Placodermi plage plagioclase plain

Plaisancian plan planation plane

planetary

planet planeze plan-feeders plankton planned economy planning plant

plantation

143 ~ forest rng trng thc vt nhit i, thc vt a nng m cao do, bin i ~ flow dng lu bin ~ moulding s khun do, s ng khun do ~ deformation bin dng do mng; tm, phin, bn ~ ice bng tm ~ tectonics kin to mng ~ boundary ranh gii mng cao nguyn ~ glacier sng bng cao nguyn ~ gravel lp cui si tri rng, cui si cao nguyn nn, nn bng, thm ~ mantle lp ph nn bng phng, dng tm, phn tm ~ jointing th nt phng ~ parting th phin phng; s phn phin phng bi bin ct, di bi tch ven bin; h cn, h mui cn lut chi p; lut Fairplay thng, th Pleistocen (ca t) ng cc chn, ng ng t cc (thuc) pha mn bng (trong chu k kh hu) phc h ni s gp np, np gp; np un nh, vi un np bc, k Pliensbach (thuc Jura h sm) s phun tro kiu ni la Plini plinthit (hn hp st v thch anh ngho mn) thng, th Pliocen (thuc Neogen) s cy mn (ca sng bng) th nt, ci nt, ci nm; nt, m ~ flow dng chy dng nm ng dy di th magma tri; dng chy hnh lng v, bao th hnh lng v ~ rise s nng ln ca magma tri mantle ~ tri manti s chc xung, s nghing ~ pool vng chn thc, h chn thc cm, chc, b nho ~ wave breaking sng v b b nho nn kinh t a nguyn x hi a nguyn ch ngha a nguyn sao Dim vng th xm nhp su, pluton (thuc) xm nhp su, su

plants-megatherms plastic

plate

plateau

platform platy

playa Playfair s law Pleistocene pleistoseismal line pleniglacial plexus of mountains plication Pliensbachian plinian eruption plinthite Pliocene plucking plug plumb-line plume

plunge plunging plural economy plural society pluralism Pluto pluton plutonic

144 ~ mass khi xm nhp su, khi pluton ~ rock xm nhp su thuyt ho thnh; s hnh thnh xm nhp su ma ma php o ma hoa hng o ma (thuc) kh thnh ~ action hot ng kh thnh tc dng kh thnh (thuc) kh thnh ~ deposits cc m kh thnh vic cu trm, sn bn trm ti ~ of magma ti magma t podzol s podzol ho to t podzol kin trc khm ng vt bin nhit, ng vt mu lnh h d nhit im; hng, phng (theo a bn); nh (ni); mi t ~ source im ngun ~ of zero distortion im bin dng s khng doi ct li lim, doi ct khc un cht c, thuc c (thuc) cc, a cc ~ air mass khi kh a cc ~ anticyclone xoy nghch a cc ~ circle vng a cc ~ climate kh hu a cc ~ day ngy a cc ~ high cao p a cc ~ lake h gi lnh (nhit lun di 4oC) ~ low p thp a cc ~ night m a cc ~ orbital satellite v tinh trn qu o a cc ~ wandering curve ng cong dch chuyn a cc sao Bc cc knh phn cc, knh hin vi phn cc s phn cc ~ effect hiu ng phn cc vng quai ln bin cc, a cc mi lng, mi bng (thuc v) chnh tr ~ asylum c tr chnh tr ~ geography a l chnh tr hc, mn a l chnh tr

plutonism pluvial period pluviometry pluviometric rose pneumatic pneumatolysis pneumatolytic poaching pocket podsol, podzolic soil podzolization podzolizing poikilitic texture poikilotherm poikilotherm lake point

point-bar poison polar

polaris polariscope polarization polder pole polishing political

145 ~ system h thng chnh tr poll bu c, thm d d lun poll tax thu c tri pollen phn hoa ~ analysis s phn tch phn hoa, s thng k phn hoa ~ diagram biu phn hoa pollinator (cht, vt) gy th phn pollutant cht gy nhim pollution s nhim, s nhim c ~ charge lng nhim ~ cleanup s ty nhim ~ credit ngun nhim ~ dome vm nhim ~ pathway ng nhim ~ prevention phng nga nhim, ngn nga nhim ~-control charges chi ph kim sot nhim ~-control strategy chin lc kim sot nhim polyconic projection php chiu nhiu nh, hnh chiu nhiu nh polyculture a vn ho polycyclic relief a hnh a k polygenetic nhiu ngun, a ngun ~ planed surface b mt phng a ngun gc ~ mountain ni a ngun ~ terrace thm nhiu ngun, thm a ngun polyglacial theory thuyt a bng polygon a gic polygonal ground, polygonal t a din soil polygonal tundra i nguyn a din polymict breccia thin thch dm kt polymictic hn tp polymictic lake h hn tp polynesian (thuc) qun o Polynesi, ngi Polynesi// ngi Polynesi polynesian faunistic region khu h ng vt Polynesi polynya khe bng, hc bng polyphagous, polyphagous ng vt n tp, ng vt tp dng animal polyvarietal a dng pomeranian stage giai on Pomerani pond ao, vng, b nc ponor ging karst ( y phu karst) Pontian bc, k Ponti (thuc Neogen) pool vng, vc; tch t du kh, va population qun th, qun loi; dn c, dn s ~ change s bin i dn s ~ density mt dn c

146 ~ development model m hnh pht trin dn s ~ dynamics ng hc dn s ~ equation phng trnh dn s, cn bng dn s ~ explosion s bng n dn s ~ growth rate tc tng trng dn s ~ potential tim nng dn s ~ pressure p lc dn s ~ pyramid thp dn s ~ structure cu trc dn s s, silic dng s l, l rng p lc ca nc l rng, ng sut trung ho rng, tnh xp rng, xp ~ structure cu to l rng, cu to xp porphyrit kin trc porphyr ban bin tinh ~ texture kin trc ban bin tinh porphyrit cng s chuyn ti; khong cch vn chuyn (ph sa) cng nghip lin i cng, cng nghip c lin quan vi cng v tr xc thc; dng// yu t dng (ca a hnh) ~ check kim tra xc thc ~ correlation i snh xc thc ~ discrimination s phn bit xc thc, s phn tch xc thc ~ feedback s lin h ngc xc thc, s phn hi xc thc ~ landform dng a hnh dng qung d bo ch ngha thc chng kh nng hin thc, tnh c th xy ra; tnh hp l chp nhn c thi k hu bng h hu cng nghip ~ city thnh ph hu cng nghip ~ society x hi hu cng nghip hu magma ngi theo ch ngha hu tn thi, ngi theo ch ngha hu i mi pha sau to ni xm nhp sau to ni sng ngi hc, mn nghin cu sng ngi carbonat kali ~ mica mica giu kali

porcellanite pore pore water pressure porosity porous porphyrite porphyritic texture porphyroblastic porphyry port portage port-related industry position positive

possible ore positivism possibilism postglacial epoch post-industrial

postmagmatic postmodernist postorogenic phase postorogenic pluton potamology potash

147 ~ salt mui kim potassium kali, K ~ salt mui kali potassium-argon age method phng php nh tui kali-argon potential th; tim nng, tim tng ~ energy th nng ~ evaporation s bc hi tim nng ~ evapotranspiration, PET s bc hi tim nng ~ natural vegetation thc vt t nhin tim nng ~ fracture khe nt n ~ reserve tr lng tim nng, tr lng d don ~ ore qung tim nng, qung d on potentially c tim nng ~ renewable resource ti nguyn ti sinh d on, ti nguyn ti sinh tim nng pothole lng cho nh, h (do nc xoy); hang ng ~ aven ming ging m; hang ging ~ lake h dng lng cho nh poverty ngho i ~ trap k hoch pht hin ngho i power lc, cng sut; nng lng PQLI (physical quality of life PQLI (cht lng vt cht ca ch s cuc sng) index) Praeboreal Tin Boreal (giai on ca Holocen Chu u) Praetiglian cold period thi k bng gi Praetigli pragmatism ch ngha thc dng; tnh thc dng prairie ng c ~ soil t ng c Precambrian Tin Cambri precautionary phng nga, phng ~ principle nguyn tc phng nga precession s tin ng; tu sai precinct phn khu, gii hn, ranh gii; khu vc c tng bao precious qu ~ stone qu precipitable water nc ma precipitation lng ma (tuyt), ma; s lng ng, kt ta predator th n tht ~-prey relationship quan h th n tht-con mi preference s thin v, s u tin; a thch hn preglacial (c) trc sng bng ~ relief a hnh c trc sng bng ~ topography a hnh c trc sng bng pre-industrial tin cng nghip prejudice nh kin, thnh kin premonitory bo trc ~ symptoms of earthquake biu hin trc ng t

148 preservation pressure s bo qun, s gi gn p sut, p lc ~ gradient graien p sut ~ melting point im tan chy do p lc ~ release s gii p ang thnh hnh, ph bin rng khp ~ wind gi thnh hnh ~ current hi lu nh k, hi lu thnh hnh nng lng phng nga gi, gi tr thng, th Pridoli (cui Silur) dng sui chy mnh; khong vt t nhin; mu qung nh a v ng u, tnh u vit ~ activity hot ng u tin nguyn thu, u tin; nguyn sinh, c sinh; hng u, ch yu ~ beading s to git nguyn sinh, to chui nguyn sinh ~ clay st nguyn sinh, st tn d ~ community qun x nguyn thu ~ consumer ngi tiu dng ch yu ~ cyclone xoy thun nguyn sinh ~ deposits trm tch nguyn thu ~ energy nng lng nguyn sinh ~ forest rng nguyn sinh ~ industry nn cng nghip nguyn thu ~ peneplain bn bnh nguyn s khai ~ pollutant cht gy nhim nguyn thu ~ product sn phm ban u ~ production nn sn xut nguyn thu ~ productivity nng sut ban u ~ sewage treatment x l cht thi ban u ~ source ngun nguyn thu ~ succession dy nguyn sinh ~ urbanization th ho nguyn thu ng vt linh trng kinh tuyn gc, kinh tuyn zero thu hoch u v rng nguyn thu nguyn thu, ban s; c xa ~ plant aggregation qun tp thc vt nguyn thu ~ water nc nguyn thu tnh trng con trng, ch trng nam chnh, ch yu; c ngha quan trng ~ components analysis phn tch thnh phn chnh ~ directions nhng chiu hng chnh, nhng phng chnh ~ scale (or lengths or of areas) thang o chnh (chiu di

prevailing

preventive energy price Pridolian prill primacy primary

primate prime meridian primeur crop primeval forest primitive

primogeniture principal

149 hoc chiu rng) ~ watershed ng chia nc chnh, ng phn thu chnh nguyn l; nguyn tc ~ of least effort nguyn l ng sut cc tiu ~ of sustainability nguyn l bn vng din th nguyn sinh th nt dng lng tr, th nt dng ct khu vc t nhn s t nhn ho (trit hc) thuyt c nhin xc sut; c kh nng, c th xy ra kh gii quyt, kh hiu; khng chc chn, m h gi mua tin chu th ngi sn xut, nh sn xut; sinh vt sn xut (bin cht v c thnh cht hu c); ging sn xut sn phm, sn vt ~ life cycle chu trnh ca sn phm ~ of wetland sn vt vng t ngp nc sn lng; s khai thc,s sn xut ~ chain dy chuyn sn xut ~ costs chi ph sn xut ~ ecology sinh thi hc sn xut ~ environment mi trng sn xut sc sn xut; nng sut, hiu sut ~ rating nh mc sn xut (thuc) ngh, ngh nghip ~ services dch v ngh nghip mt ct, tit din, trc din, profil; bin dng ~ of equilibrium mt ct (tit din, trc din) cn bng ~ of slope mt ct (tit din) sn dc (thuc) phn su (ca h) ~ zone i su h ra bng, h trc sng bng dng chy trc sng bng; lng chy trc sng bng on trc, tin lng; d bo ~ map bn d bo s tng trng (v pha bin) ng b ln lp chng trnh, lp trnh tin trin, tin b ~ deformation bin dng tin trin ~ metamorphism bin cht tin trin ph bin tin lp k hoch, lp n; mu li, mm nh; php chiu; hnh chiu

principle

prisere prismatic jointing private sector privatization probabilism probability problematics procurement costs prodelta producer product

production

productivity professional profile

profundal proglacial lake proglacial runoff prognostic progradation prograding shoreline programming progressive

progressive overlap projection

150 proletariat prominence promontory propagation prospecting, prospection prospecting seismology proponent propulsive propylitization prostrate protalus protected giai cp v sn bu (mt Tri); g, sng ni; ch li ln, ch nh ln mi t, ch li ln s truyn; s pht tn tm kim, thm d (khong sn) a chn thm d ngh, xut, xng// ngi xut y i, y ti; phn lc ~ industry nn cng nghip phn lc propylit ho, s bin i propylit ph st mt t ~ plant thc vt ph st mt t chn vch c bo v, c bo h, c che ch ~ area khu vc c bo v ~ landscape cnh quan c bo v ~ species loi c bo v s bo v, bo h, che ch ch bo h (i vi cng nghip ni a) lin gii, lin i Proterozoi thi k cng nghip ho s khai nguyn nn, nn nguyn thu t nguyn thu, t ban u kin to hc nguyn thu (ngnh) ng vt nguyn sinh, Protozoa chu th ang nh ln proustit, qung bc nht tnh, khu vc, min s phn b theo khu vc psammit, ct kt mn kin trc psammit sinh vt a ct psephit, cui, cui si kt cu to psephit kin trc psephit ng gi on nhit qu trnh gi on nhit phn lp gi php chiu gi hnh nn; hnh chiu gi hnh nn php chiu gi hnh tr; hnh chiu gi hnh tr ho thch gi, gi ho thch rng gi cy bi gi hnh gi thm, bc thm gi gi ni la

protection protectionism Proterozoic protoindustrialization protoplatform protosoil prototectonics protozoan protruding delta proustite province provincial distribution psammite psammitic texture psammophytes psephite psephitic structure psephitic texture pseudoadiabate pseudoadiabatic process pseudobedding pseudoconical projection pseudocylindrical projection pseudofossils pseudomaquis pseudomorph pseudoterrace pseudovolcanic

151 ~ eruption s phun tro gi ni la psilomelan Thc vt l trn, Psilophytales tm linh, tinh thn thuyt tm l lun (thuc) thc vt a lnh thc vt a lnh thc vt dng x dng x c ht (b) c chn cnh, Pteropoda ~ ooze bn c chn cnh B st bay, Pterosauria cng cng; cng khai ~ enquiry iu tra cng cng ~ goods hng ho cng cng ~ polity chnh th cng cng, x hi c t chc ~ sector khu vc cng cng ~ utilities ch li cng cng, cc ngnh phc v cng cng puding, cui kt tha ht ~ stone vin ging bnh puding phng ln ~ hole ch su, ch trng ko ~ factor h s ko ko tch bn ko tch bn khong; li cy; tht (tri cy) ~ log nht k biu bn khong (theo su) ct mch nc phun mch ng; p, nhp p ~ hypothesis gi thuyt mch ng ~ of glaciers mch ng ca sng bng bt, bt ni la (thnh phn ryolit), pummicit s bm tch nng trm bm hoang mc puna ch ngha t bn thun khit bo tuyt mnh vng cc c mc ch, c ch nh ~ sampling s ly mu c ch nh y ~ factor h s y ~ moraine bng tch p lc s thi ra (ca cht hu c) cht thi c th thi ra

psilomelane psilophytes psychic psychologism psychrophilic psychrophytes pteridophytes pteridosperms pteropod pterosaurs public

pudding rock, pudding stone puffing pull pull-apart pull-apart basin pulp pulpitrock pulsating spring pulsation

pumice, pumice-stone pumped storage scheme pumping station puna pure capitalism purga purposive push

putrefaction putresible waste

152 puy puzzolan pyramid chp ni la tt puzolan thp ~ of biomass thp sinh khi ~ of energy thp nng lng ~ of numbers thp s c hnh thp ~ dune cn ct dng thp ~ peak nh hnh thp, nh dng sng nht x k nht x k pyrargyrit, qung bc sm bc x k mt t bc x k mt t pyrit, sulfur st qung pyrit, qung sulfur st cha pyrit pyrit ho vn ni la (thuc) vn ni la ~ flow dng vn ni la ~ rock vn ni la trm tch vn ni la pyrolusit, qung mangan xm kv pyrop phin chy phin chy (vi ngn la sng) quyn magma, ho quyn magma kv pyroxen pyroxenit pyrosiderit pyrotin

pyramidal

pyranograph pyranometer pyrargyrite pyrgeograph pyrgeometer pyrite pyrites pyritiferous pyritization pyroclast pyroclastic

pyroclastics pyrolusite pyrope pyroshale pyroschist pyrosphere pyrolith pyroxene pyroxenite pyrrhosiderite pyrrhotine, pyrrhotite

Q(31 mc t) quadrat quadrature quagmire quaking qualitative quality of life vung (th nghim sinh thi) ~ analysis phn tch vung php cu phng; v tr thng h huyn, v tr gc vung (gia hai thin th) m ly; ly rung ng, ng ~ bog m ly ng (thuc) cht lng, nh tnh cht lng cuc sng

153 quango quantification quantitative t chc bn c lp phi chnh ph s xc nh s lng mang tnh nh lng ~ chemical analysis phn tch ho hc nh lng ~ revolution cch mng nh lng ~ geomorphology a mo nh lng m , m l thin khai thc ; s cy mn thu lc thch anh, porphyr thch anh quarzit ct kt dng quarzit; n quartzose sandstone h, k t ~ geology a cht t ~ Ice Age k Bng h t ~ activity hot ng trong t ct kt cha st; n carstone bn cu hi ~ survey s iu tra bng t cu hi st chy dng chy nhanh ct chy on (sng) yn tnh; eo bin yn tnh hn ngch, quota

quarry quarrying quartz quartzite quartzitic sandstone Quaternary

querstone questionnaire quick clay quickflow quicksand quiet reach quota

R(504 mc t) R and D development) radioactive race radial (research and R & D (nghin cu v pht trin) phng x ~ ore qung phng x dng nc xit; mng, mng, knh; ni, ging xuyn tm, to tia ~ dissection of mountain s phn ct xuyn tm ca ni ~ drainage s thot nc to tia ~ fissures cc khe nt to tia ~ movements of the Earth's crust s vn ng xuyn tm (to tia) ca v Tri t ~ plan hnh chiu phng xuyn tm ~-concentric plan hnh chiu phng to tia ng tm bc x ~ energy nng lng bc x ~ heat nhit bc x ~ flux dng bc x s pht x; s bc x; s phn to, s to tia ~ absorber cht (thit b) hp th bc x ~ balance of atmosphere cn bng bc x kh quyn

radiant

radiation

154 ~ balanee of the Earth's surface cn bng bc x b mt Tri t ~ belt vnh ai bc x ~ fog sng m bc x, sng m st t ~ sickness s nhim x bc x, pht x ~ forcing s cng bc pht x phng x ~ decay s phn r phng x ~ tracer cht nh du phng x ~ water nc phng x s phng x, tnh phng x, phng x carbon phng x ~ dating nh tui bng carbon, php nh tui carbon 14 (phn lp) Trng tia, Radiolaria bn trng tia v Trng tia; t Trng tia ch dn v X quang phng x k (thuc) o phng x ~ age tui phng x, tui ng v ~ dating xc nh tui phng x, php nh tui ng v, php nh tui ht nhn my thm khng v tuyn bn knh; tm tia ( Cu gai); xng quay ( ng vt bn chn) ~ curvature bn knh cong ma ~ forest rng ma nhiu ~ gauge v lng k ~ print vt git ma ~ rill dng nh sau ma, dng nh do ma ~ shadow vng khut ma (nm sau dy ni chn my) cu vng git ma ~ erosion s xi mn do git ma ~ impression vt git ma lng ma; trn ma ro ~ flood ma l, s ngp lt do ma ~ intensity cng ma ~ inversion nghch o lng ma ~ reliability s n nh ca lng ma ~ run-off dng chy do ma rng ma nhiu ht ma, tnh ma tr t (do ma xi li) t ma

radiative radioactive

radioactivity radiocarbon, radio-carbon Radiolaria radiolarian ooze radiolarite radiological guidelines radiometer radiometric

radiosonde radius

rain

rainbow raindrop

rainfall

rainforest rainout rain-pillar rainspell

155 rainsplash rainwash (sheet flow) rainy season raised s to do ma s ra xi do ma ma ma ni cao ~ beach bi bin ni cao ~ bog vng t ly ni cao ~ coast b ni cao cn ct hnh co dc, on dc g; thnh lu Cng c Ramsar tri chn nui, chn nui gia sc phng php ly mu ngu nhin ting n ngu nhin h thng cc dng a hnh khong dung sai tm nhn di t hng, dy; , mc ; cp, bc ~ correlation tng quan theo bc, i snh theo bc t mn nm ngay trn m s phn cp, phn bc ~ of town cp thnh ph nh lut Raoult granit rapakivi nhanh, chy xit// ghnh ~ transit system h thng qu cnh nhanh ghnh him; ~ gas kh him; ~ species loi him t him nguyn t t him ng qut, vch qut mc , tc ; t s, h s; sut; hng, loi natality ~ t l sinh t s ~ of lake surface to drainage area t s gia b mt h v din thot nc ~ scale thang t l ~ reserve-to-production ratio t l khai thc - tr lng (qung, khong sn) of nh lut di c Ravenstein khe ni, hm ni th, cha ch bin, cha lm giu ~ material nguyn liu ~-material orientation nh hng nguyn liu

rake-like ramp rampart Ramsar Convention ranching random random noise range of landforms range of tolerance range of visibility rangeland rank rankar ranking Raoult s law rapakiwi rapid rapids rare rare-earth rare-earth element raster rate ratio

Ravenstein s laws migration ravine raw

156 reacclimatization reach reaction realgar recession s ti thch nghi kh hu, s ti thun ho on sng, eo bin; (khong, di) rng; tm vi ti; phm vi hot ng phn ng, s phn ng hng hong, realgar, arsen s rt ngn (ca sng bng); s li li (ca ng b bin v pha t lin), s thoi lui ~ limb bin (b, mp) thoi lui ~ of glacier s rt ngn (s thoi lui) ca sng bng bng tch k sng li sng bng (bng h) ti gn kt chuyn ng mi ca v my thu, my nhn; vt nhn, th nhn, v tr nhn s ci to; s khai hoang; s lm kh (m ly); s thun ho (th rng) s ti t hp, s kt hp li gii hn xut, gii hn ngh tc khi phc (phc hi, thu hi) t liu, ti liu, du n, lu k, hji chp cartographic t liu bn fields ~ ti liu ngoi tri, geologic ~ t liu a cht ngh ngi, gii tr, tiu khin mng sng hnh ch nht sn dc thng s ti canh tc, s ti trng trt ~ of landscape s ti canh tc mt cnh quan np un nm, np un khong ti din (mt s kin thu vn) s un ngc li, s chuyn hng ngc s ti sinh, phc hi, ti ch; s lp li chu trnh Sch (d liu) To , Rhodophyta ~ cap m (phong ho) ~ clay st , st nu ~ copper ore qung ng , cuprit ~ earth t ~ list danh sch ~ mud bn (do cha oxyt st) ~ oceanic clay st i dng ~ rain ma ~ snow tuyt , tuyt hng (do cha to ) ~-brown savanna soil t savan nu Hng Hi, Bin of t en pht ca ng c cn nhit i

recessional moraine recemented glacier recent crustal movements receptor reclamation recombination recommended limit recovery rate record

recreation rectangular drainage rectilinear slope recultivation recumbent fold recurrence interval recurve recycling Red (Data) Book red algae red

Red Sea reddish-black soils subtropical prairies

157 redevelopment redruthite red-tide reducer reduction reed swamp reef xy dng li, s xy dng li; s quy hoch kv redruthit, chalcocit thu triu (do Trng roi) my thu nh; my gim (tc ; p) s gim, s thu nh; s h thp; qu trnh tch kim loi ra khi qung; s kh, s hon nguyn; s quy i m ly lau sy m tiu sinh vt, rn, ngm; mch qung; g mch ~-building corals san h to rn, san h to m tiu ~-knoll i m tiu san h ~ limestone vi san h s ti lp ti nguyn thin nhin quy chiu, tham kho; lin h ~ ellipsoid (mt) elipsoid quy chiu ~ axis trc quy chiu ~ section mt ct tham kho ~ seismometer a chn k quy chiu s chy ngc; dng chy ngc s ti trng rng ti to, ci to; ci cch ~ ice wedges nm bng ti to, mch bng ti to s khc x st chu la qung kh nng chy ch tr n, t nn; ngi t nn s ti phc hi thi; ph liu ~ disposal cht thi, ph liu s ti nng chy hoang mc cui si s ng bng tr li, s ng li ti sinh, hot ng tr li ~ flow dng chy ti hot ng ~ glacier sng bng ti hot ng s ti sinh, s hot ng tr li; s ci to ~ of cyclon s ti sinh xoy thun ch ; trng thi khu vc, min ~ of alimentation of glacier vng cung cp vt liu cho sng bng ~ of inland drainage vng tiu nc trong t lin, min tiu nc ni lc ~ of interior drainage vng tiu nc bn trong (thuc) khu vc, (thuc) min ~ atlases atlas khu vc, tp bn khu vc ~ convergence s hi t khu vc

re-establishment of natural resources reference

reflux reforestation reformed refraction refractory clay refractory ore refugee refurbishment refuse refusion reg regelation regenerated

regeneration regime region

regional

158 ~ geography a l khu vc ~ imbalance s mt cn bng khu vc ~ inequality s bt bnh ng khu vc ~ metamorphism s bin cht khu vc ~ pollution s nhim khu vc ~ specialization s chuyn mn ho khu vc ~ unconformity bt chnh hp khu vc regionalism ch ngha a phng; khuynh hng a phng regionalization s chia thnh vng; a phng ho regionally mang tnh khu vc ~ extinct s tuyt chng khu vc register of population ng k dn s, iu tra dn s Registrar General s Tng ng k Phn loi ngh nghip ca Lin hip Vng classification of occupation, UK quc Anh regolith gc; lp ph vn , regolit regression bin thoi; php hi quy ~ analysis php phn tch hi quy ~ coefficient h s hi quy ~ conglomerate cui kt bin li ~ line ng thng hi quy regressive git li, thoi lui ~ bedding s phn lp bin thoi ~ overlap ph bin thoi n offlap ~ ripple gn sng bin li ~ sediments trm tch bin li regrowth ti phc hi, ti sinh ~ forest rng ti phc hi, rng ti sinh regulated iu chnh, iu ho, iu tit ~ flow dng chy iu tit ~ river sng iu tit regurs t regua (t st en nhit i) rehabilitation s phc hi lut Reilly Reilly s law rejuvenated mountains ni tr ho rejuvenation of relief s tr li ca a hnh relative tng i ~ geochronology mn a thi tng i ~ height cao tng i ~ humidity m tng i ~ relief a hnh cc b, a hnh tng i relaxation s hi phc; s ni lng, s du bt; s gin ra ~ time thi gian hi phc relevance s thch ng, s thch hp; s c lin quan reliability s ng tin cy, s tin cy relic di tch, di vt; tn d ~ elements of landscape cc yu t st ca a hnh, cc yu t tn d ca a hnh

159 ~ fauna h ng vt st, h ng vt tn d ~ flora h thc vt st; h thc vt tn d ~ habitat ni st, ni c tr st st// di tch, a hnh st; loi st ~ lake h st ~ landform dng a hnh st ~ landscape cnh quan st a hnh, ni ~ feature c im a hnh ~ map bn a hnh ~ of end moraine a hnh bng tch ra ~ rain ma a hnh ~ type kiu a hnh tn gio, o, tn ngng; s sng bi s khuych tn ti nh v s tp trung rung t tn d, st; di tch ~ vegetation thc vt st magnetic ~ t d vin thm, cng vic vin thm c th phc hi li; c th thay mi; c th ti sinh ~ energy nng lng ti sinh ~ resource ti nguyn ti sinh khe nt; khe ni; t gy; thu ~ gap thung lng hp dng t gy ~ of displacement ng t gy, khe nt dch chuyn acreage ~ thu khai thc m lave ~ khe nt dung nham s thay th ~ deposit m thay th ~ rate tc thay th isomorphous ~ s thay th ng hnh sn dc ngh loi c trng tc ti to; tc ti sn xut; tc sinh sn (lp) B st, Reptilia nghin cu v tiu nc thung lng k tip li s d tr; vt d tr; khu d tr s d tr; vt d tr; khu d tr tr lng tng cha (du kh); h cha nc, kho d tr; ngun cha (du kh) c tr, khng di tr; tnh ti ~ bird chim khng c tr, chim di c c lin quan n s c tr; da trn ni ~ differentiation s phn d ti ch

relict

relief

religion relocation diffusion remembrement remnant

remote sensing renewable

rent

replacement

repose slope representative species reproduction rate Reptiles research and drainage resequent valley reservation reserve reserves reservoir reservoir rock resident residential

160 ~ segregation s phn t ti ch residual tn d, st li, (thuc) eluvi ~ debris vn tn d, vn st ~ plain ng bng st ~ rock st ~ mountain ni st resistance lc cn, sc khng; sc bn, chu resistant bn, c kh nng chng resolution kh nng phn gii, phn gii resource ti nguyn ~ allocation s s dng ti nguyn; s phn phi ti nguyn ~ cycle chu k ti nguyn, chu trnh ti nguyn ~ frontier region vng cn ti nguyn ~ management qun l ti nguyn ~ reserves tr lng ti nguyn ~-use analysis phn tch vic s dng ti nguyn response s p ng; s phn ng; nhy; ng c trng response time ng c trng thi gian rest area vng ngh, khu vc ngh restoration of natural resources s phc hi ti nguyn thin nhin restored species loi c phc hi restructuring s c cu li; sp xp li; t chc li resurgence s ti hin, s hin li; ch hin ra reticulated bar ct dng an cho reticulated glaciation ng bng dng li retreat s rt, s thoi lui ~ moraine bng tch k sng li ~ of slope s thoi lui ca sn dc retrograde metamorphism bin cht git li retrograding shoreline ng b li, ng b mi mn retrogressive git li, thoi lui; nghch tin ~ approach cch tip cn nghch tin ~ erosion s xm thc git li, s xi mn v pha ngun retrospective hi tng li qu kh, nhn li qu kh ~ approach cch tip cn hi tng qu kh return s tr li, s tr v; s tr li; s ti hin ~ cargo hng ho tr li ~ flow dng chy tr v, nc thi ~ period thi k tr v, hi tip reuse s dng li, ti s dng revenue thu nhp; hoa li; li tc ~ surface b mt thu nhp reverberation ting di li, ting vang; s phn x, phn chiu revered drainage s tiu thot c u tin reverse osmosis s thm thu ngc reversed o ngc, nghch o ~ bedding s phn lp ngc

161 ~ fault t gy nghch environmental s bin i thun nghch ca mi trng

reversible change reversing current review of environmental factors revolution of the Earth Reynolds number Rhaetic, Rhaetian rheological processes rheology rhizosphere rhodonite rhumb line rhyolith rhythm rhythmic

dng bin ngc nh gi li cc yu t mi trng s quay ca Tri t s Reynold bc, k Ret (cui Trias) cc qu trnh lu bin lu bin hc bu r, vng r ( thc vt) rodonit ng t hnh, ng ng phng v, ng Mercator ryolit nhp, nhp iu; ~ of stratification nhp phn lp (thuc) nhp, theo nhp, dng nhp ~ bedding s phn lp dng nhp ~ lamination s phn phin dng nhp ria nhnh bin hp; ~ coast b bin ct kha (c nhiu nhnh hp) ribbon di, bng// dng di ~ development s pht trin dng di (bng) ~ lake h dng di (ko di) ribboned dng di; ~ structure of glacier ice cu trc dng di ca sng bng RIC (recently industrializing nc cng nghip mi country) Richter scale thang Richter ridge sng, nh (ni); mo; dy ni; trn l (khai thc); ngm; li p cao (trn bn thi tit) ~ and furrow g v rnh ~ of high pressure li p cao ~ fault a lu riegel doi , g chn, ngng riffle rnh, mng (chy ngang lng sng sui) rift lng hp di, lng dng hm; vt t gy; rift ~ valley thung lng rift, mng t gy, mng rift ~ zone of mid'oceanic ridges i tch gin ca cc sng ni gia i dng ~ fault t gy rift ~ trough trng rift rifting to rift, tch dn to rift right phi, thng, vung gc ~ ascension s i ln thng ~ -handed separation, -lateral separation tch trt phi ~ -lateral fault t gy trt bng phi ~ -slip fault t gy trt phi rigid cng, bn vng; ~ bed va () cng, lp () cng

162 rill rim rime rnh, khe rnh, lch ~ erosion s xi mn rnh ra, dim, qung Mt Tri sng ng bng, sng mui hard ~ sng mui nng soft ~ sng mui nh ~ ice sng ng bng vng, vnh, vnh ai ~ city thnh ph dng vng ~ dune cn (ct) dng vnh ~ dyke th tng vng, xm nhp theo t gy vng ~ wall tng vng (bao quanh phu n trn mt Trng) Tuyn b Rio v Mi trng v Pht trin

ring

Rio Declaration on Environment and Development Rio Earth Summit Hi ngh thng nh Tri t Rio rip ch nc cun xoy ~ current dng cun xoy ~ tide triu cun xoy riparian (thuc) b, trn b ~ forest rng b cao ~ zone i b cao Riphean Riphei (phn v a tng cui Tin Cambri Nga) ripple s gn sng, s gn sng trm tch; ~ mark vt gn sng riprap lp ri (chng xi mn), dng ri rise s dng, s nng ln; s thng; i nng; ch dc; cao; ngun gc; ngun (sng) rising s dng ln, s tng ln; s mc (mt Tri); ch hin ra ~ limb cnh nng (ca np un) ~ tide triu dng, triu cng rising limb cnh nng rising tide triu dng, triu cng risk s ri ro; s nguy him; tai nn ~ and Hazard Assessment nh gi s ri ro v nguy him ~ assessment nh gi ri ro ~ capital vn ri ro ~ management qun l ri ro Riss Ice Age Bng k Riss (bng k th ba trong Pleistocen vng Alpi) Riss-Wrm Interglacial k gian bng Riss-Wurm river sng, dng sng ~ bank b sng ~ basin lu vc sng ~ bed lng sng ~ capture s cp dng ca sng ~ channel dng chy ca sng ~ flat bi bi ~ head ngn sng ~ mouth ca sng

163 ~ piracy s cp dng ca sng ~ rising from lake sng bt ngun t h ~ terrace thm sng (thuc) sng, nm dc sng ~ forest rng dc sng ~ wetland vng t t dc sng bi bin ct rng ct reo nn kinh t cp ot trn cu (do bng h to nn) , t ; vch ; mi ~ bar doi , g chn ~ bench thm , thm cu trc ( sn thung lng) ~ city vng l ~ constituent hp phn ca ~ crystal thch anh tinh th ~ cycle chu trnh (ca) ~ debris vn , thi ~ desintegration s phn r ~ destroying organisms sinh vt ph hu ~ flour bt ~ glacier sng bng cha ~ pavement s lt ng bng ~ pillar ct ~ pinnacle thp nhn ~ rill khe rnh trn ~ slide hin tng trt; khi trt ~ step bc ~ structure cu to ca ~ texture kin trc ca ~ -building minerals khong vt to ~ -forming minerals khong vt to ~ -salt mui m ~ -terrace thm thuc dit ng vt gm nhm cun; sng lng; ~ mud bn gn sng sng lng ln; gn sng, ln sng ~ lowland vng t thp gn sng ~ plain ng bng gn sng mi; lp mi; mi; nc, vm; ~ of fold vm np un mi r, gc; ~ of nappe chn ca dng dung nham dng thng; ~ lava dung nham vn thng h Ro-Ro vn hoa hng; ~ lake h hnh vn hoa hng sng Rossby

riverine

riviera roaring sand robber-economy roche moutonne rock

rodenticide roll roller rolling

roof rooking-stone root ropy Ro-Ro system rosary Rossby waves

164 Rostow s model of growth rotary m hnh sinh trng Rostow xoay, quay ~ current dng xoy ~ tidal stream dng triu xoy s quay, s xoay; s lun phin; ~ of the Earth chuyn ng quay ca Tri t xoay, quay; ~ slip s trt quay th, cha tinh ch, x x

rotation rotational rough rough grazing roughness roundness r-selection rubbish rubble rubification ruby

s n tp s th nhm; nhm, th, x x; ~ index ch s nhm trn cnh; mi trn s chn lc r vt b, rc; khng qung khi mnh, mnh; bng mnh ( bin) lm thnh ruby, , hng ngc ~ copper qung ng , oxyt ng ~ silver qung bc , sulfur bc ~ sulphur sulfur rudaceous (thuc) vn th, cui si; ~ texture kin trc vn th Rudistids (lin h) Trai ui nga, Hippuritacea rugose coral, Rugose San h Rugosa, San h bn tia running ang chy; ang chy; lin tc, hin ti, ng thi ~ mean ngha thng thng ~ water nc chy runoff dng chy; s chy; lng chy vo; s sp ca ct than ~ channel dng chy ~ losses tn tht do chy run-off volume per unit of area lng chy trn mt n v din tch Rupelian bc, k Rupel (cui Paleogen) rupture khe nt, t gy rural (thuc) nng thn ~ area vng nng thn ~ community cng ng nng thn ~ depopulation s gim dn s nng thn ~ deprivation s ngho kh ca nng dn ~ geography a l nng thn ~ planning k hoch ho nng thn ~-urban continuum chui lin tc nng thn-thnh th ~-urban fringe ranh gii nng thn-thnh th rutile rutil

Tng cng 1992 mc t