satransporto labirinTi - NPLGdspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/9117/1/Liberali_2011_N59.pdf ·...

tao-klarjeTi muslimuri salocavebis wil gv. 08

interviu giga bokeriasTan gv. 11

skandali Svidi nuliT gv. 14

maestro 3 gv. 24

mTavrobis garantiebi pirvel kavkasiurs~ gv. 27

fsiqika oTx kedels Soris gv. 30

oTxi Tve Tanamedrove mekobreebis tyveobaSi gv. 33

saxelmwifos mier eklesiis dafinansebis Sesaxeb gv. 38

rao da maradonao gv. 47

# 59 / 17 - 23 ianvari / 2011

fasi 2 lari

gv. 18

satransporto labirinTi

nomerSi:

02 redaqtoris sveti

04 liberalis vebgverdidan

06 mokled

08 ori azri

unda aRdges Tu ara

tao-klarjeTis qarTuli

Zeglebi saqarTveloSi

muslimuri salocavebis

aSenebis sanacvlod?

nestan TaTaraSvili VS

murman dumbaZe

konfliqtebi

10 rusuli rublis kvaldakval

interviu

11 es kiTxva maSin gaxdeba

aqtualuri, roca mova

arCevnebis dro~

giga bokeria

Tvalsazrisi

41 jinis koeficienti

mark maleni

43 gaxdeba Tu ara feisbuki

axali finansuri krizisis

mizezi

giorgi cxadaia

mediakritika

45 31 dekembris

eqstremaluri Rame

sporti

47 rao da maradonao

qalaqSi moxetiale kacis

Canawerebi

48 me rom TbilisSi pirvelad

Camosuli ucxoeli viyo

50 Tvalsazrisi

dagvianebuli komentari

laSa buRaZe

Jurnali `liberali~ gamoicema fond `Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos~

mxardaWeriT.

avtoris / avtorebis mier sainformacio masalaSi gamoTqmuli mosazreba

ar gamoxatavs fondis `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~

pozicias. Sesabamisad,, fondi ar aris pasuxismgebeli masalis Sinaarsze.

The views, opinions and statements expressed by the authors and those providing comments

are theirs only and do not necessarily reflect the position of Open Society Georgia Foundation.

Therefore, the Open Society Georgia Foundation is not responsible for the content of the

information material.

# 59 / 17 - 23 ianvari / 2011

ekonomika

14 skandali Svidi nuliT

mTavari Tema

18 satransporto labirinTi media

24 maestro 3

27 interviu

mTavrobis garantiebi

`pirvel kavkasiurs~

robert parsonsi

adamianis uflebebi

30 fsiqika oTx kedels Soris

33 oTxi Tve Tanamedrove

mekobreebis tyveobaSi

fotoproeqti

36 zaria vostokas~ daisi

religia

38 saxelmwifos mier eklesiis

dafinansebis Sesaxeb

garekanze:

garekanze: satransporto labirinTifoto: Temo barZimaSvili

ilu

str

acia

rusl

an b

eriZ

e

gazeT `zaria vostokas~ redaqciis Senoba 1930 wels

1liberali . ianvari 2011 . № 59

pirvelad svaneTSi, mgoni, 2000 wels viyavi, isic zamTarSi, TebervalSi, maSin,

roca svanebi Tavisianebsac ar elodnen zugdididan saaTobiT saval, TovliT

dafarul, kldeebze gadakidebul viwro, okro-bokro gzebze. Cven rom svane-

Tisken mivdiodiT, Cvens win axalgazrda gogos cxedars miasvenebdnen da 15 wuTSi

erTxel zars scemdnen. es glova da nisli, albaT, arasodes damaviwydeba, iseve,

rogorc uSba, romlis wveri cas uerTdeba da mglebi, dilis TovlSi rom tove-

bdnen nakvalevs. mainteresebs, rogori gaxdeba svaneTi _ Tamar mefis saxelobis

mestiis saerTaSoriso aeroportiT da saTxilamuro trasebiT. isev SeZlebs is

adamianebis adamianebad qcevas Tu samomxmareblo savaned iqceva?

pankisis xeobaSi megobrebi megulebian, im droidan moyolebuli, roca xeoba,

saerTaSoriso mediis cnobiT, `al-qaidas~ teroristebs ifarebda da CeCneTidan

devnilebs amosunTqvis saSualebas aZlevda. maSin gavicani qalebi, romlebic

TavianT qmrebs meore da mesame colebs uziarebdnen, magram siyvaruli icodnen,

SesaZloa `Cvenze~ magrad. gavicani kacebic, romlebic CeCen Zmebs glovobdnen da

saomrad emzadebodnen. mainteresebs, rogor cxovrobs pankisis xeoba mas Semdeg,

rac is `cxeli wertili~ aRar aris? ician, vin aris qveynis prezidenti? an ki aqvs

maTTvis amas mniSvneloba?

guSin moviare mTawminda da sololaki, istoriuli Zeglebis daTvaliereba-

ZiebaSi, mas mere rac `zaria-vostokas~ Senobis ngrevas vaprotestebdiT, `Tbili-

sis hamqarTan~ erTad. vnaxe, rom arsebobs qalaqi, romelsac me TiTqmis ar vexebi,

magram romelic ayalibebs Cems identobas. mainteresebs, moaxerxebs Tu ara

`hamqari~ Coxa-axaluxiT TavmowonebasTan erTad, realurad daicvas am qalaqis

kulturuli memkvidreoba da iersaxe? SeZlebs Cveni qalaqis qsovilis da mikro-

samyaroebis dacvas xelisuflebis mesakuTruli politikisagan?

dRes gavicani 28 wlis mcire mewarme, romelsac 90,000 lariani sagadasaxado

jarima daakisres. is mxolod 2000 larian davalianebas aRiarebs da uars ambo-

bs saxelmwifosTan garigdes. cixeSi gamiSviT, Tu gindaT, oRond amaze mets ar

gadavixdio. ar gadaixdis da yadaRas daadeben da biznesic gauCerdeba. SeuZlia

iCivlos sasamarTloSi, magram Tu samarTals miaRwia, es mis kompanias ukve veRa-

rafers uSvelis. ase da amgvarad, qveyanas erTiT naklebi mcire mewarme eyoleba.

mainteresebs, movaxerxebT Tu ara imas, rom mtkicebis tvirTi mewarmidan sa-

xelmwifoze gadavides, rom saxelimwifom amtkicos mewarmis danaSauli da ara _

piriqiT? movaxerxebT, rom davicvaT biznesi politikuri wnexisagan?

saqme bevria, magram droc bevria. politikuri istebliSmenti sainteresos

arafers gvTavazobs da politikuri `xmauric~ ar gviSlis xels, SegviZlia amazec

ar movcdeT.

arCevani Cvenzea da am mxriv, 2011 wels erTi nabijiT win vxvdebiT. mTavaria,

rom dro mxolod Cvenze muSaobs, uSba ki isev dgas.

Sorena SaverdaSvili

redaqtoris sveti

redaqtorebi: mTavari redaqtori Sorena SaverdaSvili /aRmasrulebeli redaqtori sofo Waava / kavkasia da konfliqtebi sofo bukia / sazogadoeba Tamar babuaZe / axali ambebi nana sajaia / vebgverdis redaqtori nino jafiaSviliJurnalistebi: maia wiklauri, marika qoCiaSvili, eka WiTanava, rusudan fanoziSvili, Tamar faradaSvili, nino CimakaZe, nino robaqiZe, naTia guliaSvilikontribucia: mark maleni, giorgi cxadaia, manana vardiaSvili, ninia kakabaZe, daviT buxrikiZe, gio axvlediani, kaxa Tolordava, moli korso, leqso Cqareuli, simon janaSia, Tamar amzaSvili, diana CaCua, aleqsandr buriaCko, olga alionova, naTia axalaSvili, rati amaRlobeliredaqcia: foto-redaqtori levan xerxeuliZe / grafikuli dizaini Tornike lorTqifaniZe / redaqtor-stilisti paata Samugia / koreqtori Tamar RonRaZe gamomcemloba: proeqtis menejeri qeTi babunaSvili / proeqtis menejeris asistenti lela SubiTiZe / klientTa momsaxurebis menejeri naTia rusaZe / distributori zviad Sengeliagamomcemeli: Sps `liberali~. misamarTi: Tbilisi 0162, faliaSvilis q. 108. tel.: (995 32) 232235, 233731, 912326. el-fosta: [email protected] sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi~.`liberalis~ saavtoro uflebebi daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi da/an mTliani gamoyeneba redaqciis Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. beWdva: stamba `sezani~. misamarTi: Tbilisi, wereTlis gamz. 140. tel.: (995 32) 35 70 02.

gamodis kviraSi erTxel, yovel orSabaTs. pirveli nomeri gamocemulia 2009 wlis maisSi. rekomendebuli sacalo fasi 2 lari.

www.liberali.ge ISSN 1987-7528

2 liberali . ianvari 2011 . № 59

bankis saqmianobas misi biznes strategia da Sida po-litika warmarTavs, magram nebismieri komerciuli sa-qmianobisas banki Tavisi misiis erTguli unda rCebo-des da amavdroulad, rogorc finansuri Suamavali, klientebis ndobas imsaxurebdes. prokredit bankis mier SemuSavebuli samoqmedo gegmis Tanaxmad, momxma-rebelsa da safinanso institutebs Soris aqtiuri da harmoniuli urTierTobisTvis aucilebelia xelsayre-li pirobebis Seqmna, rac guldasmiT da etapobrivad Camoyalibebas saWiroebs. prokredit bankis gamWvirva-lobis kampaniis mizani finansur sakiTxebSi sazogadoe-bis informirebulobis donis gazrdaa, rac ormxrivad sasargeblo procesia; informirebuli momxmarebeli gonivrulad (da ara spontanurad) iRebs gadawyvetile-bas, Tu romeli sabanko produqti Seesabameba yvelaze metad mis moTxovnebs, xolo is safinanso dawesebu-leba ki, romelic mas am sakiTxebSi kargad gaarkvevs, momxmareblisaTvis kidev ufro metad sando da masTan metad daaxloebuli xdeba. prokredit bankma mosaxle-obis finansuri ganaTlebis gaRrmavebisken mimarTuli konkretuli nabijebis gadadgma daiwyo. saqarTveloSi moRvaweobis manZilze bankma araerTxel aCvena, rom mis-Tvis mTavari amosavali klientebTan urTierTndobis safuZvelze damyarebuli urTierTobaa. Tavisi gamWvir-vale saqmianobiT banki am ndobas namdvilad amarTlebs. rogorc socialurad pasuxismgebeli banki, prokredit banki did yuradRebas uTmobs klientebisaTvis momsa-xurebis pirobebis naTlad da mkafiod ganmartebas da yvela mosalodneli xarjis Sesaxeb zusti informaciis miwodebas. klientis informaciis konfidencialurobis dacviT da misi maqsimaluri gaTviTcnobierebiT banki aRwevs balanss fassa da klientis kmayofilebas Soris.

sabanko momsaxurebebis Sesaxeb zogadi codnis misaRe-bad bankma sagangebo broSurac ki gamosca, sadac martivi eniTaa aRwerili is finansuri operaciebi, rac klient-ma konkretuli produqtiT sargeblobamde unda icodes. broSura `ra unda vicodeT sabanko momsaxurebis Sesaxeb~ bankebTan urTierTobaSi garkveul megzurobasac gagiwe-vT da momsaxurebis SerCevisas iseTi gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSic dagexmarebaT, romelic Tqvens moTxovnebs yve-laze metad Seesabameba.

broSuraSi, ganmartebulia ra aris banki da ra momsaxu-rebas sTavazobs momxmarebels.

rogor unda SearCioT TqvenTvis Sesaferisi banki? gir-CevT, banki stabilurobis mixedviT SearCioT, rasac misi finansuri mdgomareoba da kapitali gansazRvravs. gax-senebT imasac, rom bankSi profesionaluri da maRalxa-risxiani momsaxureba unda miiRoT. bankis TanamSromlebi, martivi da gasagebi eniT unda gixsnidnen momsaxurebis kategoriebsa da produqtebs. bankis arCevaSi did rols asrulebs misi adgilmdebareobac.

broSuraSi dawvrilebiTaa ganmartebuli, Tu ra unda vicodeT sabanko anabrebis Sesaxeb. zogadad viciT, rom anabari erT-erTi sabanko produqtia, romelic fulis dagrovebis da masze daricxuli saprocento sargeblis miRebis SesaZleblobas gvaZlevs. magram ra tipis ana-brebi (Semnaxveli Tu vadiani) arsebobs, an rogor unda SearCioT TqvenTvis Sesaferisi produqti? amis Taobaze informacias prokredit bankis mier gamocemul broSura-Sic amoikiTxavT. broSura aseve gTavazobT informacias kidev erTi, mniSvnelovani sabanko momsaxurebis _ sesxis Sesaxeb. Tu rogor xdeba misi odenobis gansazRvra, ra tipis sesxebi arsebobs da ra aucilebeli garemoebebi unda gaiTvaliswinoT sesxis SerCevisas. aqve waikiTxavT, Tu rogor iRebs banki gadawyvetilebas sesxis gacemaze; ra xarjebi ukavSirdeba sesxis aRebas, ra unda vicodeT ormxrivi saxelSekrulebo valdebulebebis Sesaxeb da ra ZiriTadi funqciebi aqvs sakredito monacemTa bazas _ kreditinfos. aseve miiRebT saWiro cnobebs sabanko ope-raciebis, sadebeto da sakredito baraTis Sesaxebac.

yvela zemoT CamoTvlil produqtsa Tu operaciaze zo-gadi informaciis miReba prokredit bankis mier gamoce-muli broSuris meSveobiT ukve SegiZliaT. amiT sakuTar drosac dazogavT da TqvenTvis saintereso kiTxvebze pa-suxs erTi beWdviTi gamocemidan miiRebT.

prokredit banki sakuTar momxmarebels gamWvirvale da maRalxarisxian sabanko momsaxurebas sTavazobs. dasviT SekiTxvebi nebismier sabanko produqtsa Tu operaciaze da prokredit bankis maRalkvalificiuri kadrebisgan amomwurav pasuxebsac miiRebT. bankis es iniciativa uda-vod xels Seuwyobs sabanko sakiTxebSi farTo sazogado-ebis informirebulobas, rac ojaxis biujetis gonivrul marTvaSi, mokle da grZelvadiani finansuri gegmebis go-nivrulad, danakargebis gareSe ganxorcielebaSi gamoixa-teba da saboloo jamSi qarTuli sazogadoebis keTil-dReobaze aisaxeba.

prokredit banki gaigeT meti sabanko momsaxurebis Sesaxeb!

rekl

ama

sxva saqarTvelo

nino beqiSvilis blogi

„sxva saqarTvelo sad aris?“ _ am ritorikul frazas dRes CemTvis Za-lian konkretuli pasuxi aqvs _ sxva saqarTvelo televizoris yuTSia. sworedac rom iqaa, sxvagan arsad. sxvanairia is qveyana, sadac me da Tqven da Cveni ojaxebi cxovroben. sxvanairia is, rasac televizorSi vxedavT. am or qveyanaSi gansxvavebu-li ambebi xdeba. viRacebi im, tele-vizoris saqarTvelos virtualurs uwodeben. ki, batono, Tanaxma var _ iyos virtualuri, araferi maqvs sa-winaaRmdego.

ise, gamogitydebiT, miyvars, roca ufro zusti saxelebi erqmeva mov-lenebs da ukve arc kategoriulo-bisa meSinia _ is, rac televizorSi Cans, tyuili saqarTveloa an tyui-lia saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. xan cxadia

liberalis vebgverdidan www.liberali.ge

es tyuili, xanac ostaturad gamos-diT _ ise, rom verc vxvdebiT, sad gadis zRvari tyuilsa da simarTles Soris. ubralod, verc warmovid-genT.

ramdenime mamal tyuils gavixse-neb:

7 noembris Semdeg televizorma Tqva, rom levan berZeniSvili ru-seTis agentia. maSin, Svidi noembris Semdeg televizorma bevri tyuili Tqva, magram es erTi iyos nimuSad. levan berZeniSvils sasamarTlos gziT ar ucdia Selaxuli Rirsebis aRdgena. mixvdebiT, ratomac.

agvitos omis dros, maSin, roca qarTuli televiziebi gvarwmune-bdnen, rom cxinvalis regions Cven vakontrolebT, osebis band_formi-rebebi da rusuli jari qarTul te-

leviziebs mindobil Cvens mosaxleo-bas awiokebda.

8 agvistos mere televizorSi ha-agidan dabrunebulma maSindelma iusticiis ministrma Tqva, rom sa-erTaSoriso marTlmsajulebis sa-samarTlom saqarTvelos sarCelis winaswari ganxilva daiwyo, ruseTs SeniSvnebi misca, dagmo ruseTi, mouwoda ruseTs da a. S. vuyurebdi televizors, Tan sasamarTlos veb-gverdze vkiTxulobdi maT daskvnas, romelic saqarTvelos mimarTac sak-maod mkacri iyo. cxadia, ministris gamosvla uinterneto da uinglisu-ro qarTvelebze iyo gaTvlili. sava-raudod, gaWra kidec da cota xniT mainc davijereT, rom omi movigeT.

merec iyo da yoveldRea televi-zorSi tyuili. Cven ukve SeveCvieT am tyuils da masTan gamklavebis sxva-dasxva strategiebic viswavleT.

visac ssrk_Si gvicxovria, romeli tyuiliT gagvakvirveben?! maSinac iseve, rogorc dRes, televizoris yureba ar SeiZleboda. cxadia, ma-Sin tyuili ufro totaluri da yo-vlismomcveli iyo da arc „maestro“ da aqubardia arsebobda. aqubardia, romlis yureba da mosmena mizezTa gamo me ar SemiZlia, Cveni drois gmiria _ verafriT vxvdebi, wlidan wlamde rogor ar icvleba (ar vsdev JamTa cvlas!) da mTavari _ ra man-qanebiT axerxebs eTerSi darCenas. Zalian rom movindomoT, albaT, am movlenasac moeZebneba axsna. magram SeveSvaT aqubardias, bolos da bo-los, ukve wlebia, mis eTerSi ismis is yvelaferi, rasac nacionaluri

is, rac televizorSi Cans, tyuili saqarTveloa an tyuilia saqarTvelos Sesaxeb


liberalis vebgverdidanwww.liberali.ge

mauwyeblebi guldasmiT malaven. Ta-nac, marto kacia da marto TbilisSi mauwyeblobs.

kidev erTi _ maSin, ssrk_Si aseTi ram rom damewera, rasac axla vwer, cixe ar amcdeboda. maSin es poli-tikuri danaSauli iqneboda, poli-tikuri damnaSaveebisTvis ki calke banakebi iyo, sadac, rogorc patara-obaSi vicodi, merab kostava ixdida sasjels da SimSilobda. politikuri protestis am yvelaze radikalur zomas dRevandel saqarTveloSic mimarTaven _ qsnis koloniaSi tu-berkuloziT daavadebuli patimrebi SimSilobdnen, mkurnalobaze xeli ar miuwvdebaT da wamlebs iTxo-vdnen, sxvas arafers. memorialTan moSimSile omis veteranebis ambavic gecodinebaT. oRond, es ambebi te-levizoridan ar gamigia. moSimSile patimrebze Cvens arxebs, maT Soris, arc sazogadoebrivs, krinti ar dau-ZravT, veteranebis aqcia ki daSlis Semdeg gaaSuqes, roca am yvelafers qarTuli sazogadoebis da, rac mTa-varia, amerikis elCis jon basis aRS-foTeba mohyva.

vinc ginda, is daerbiaT da aRS-foTebuliyo, sabWoTa televizori rogor daZravda krints merab kos-tavas SimSilobis Sesaxeb? mokled, progresi namdvilad aris.

maSin raRatom maxsenebs is dawye-vlili ssrk Tavs? ramdenime dRis win sadilobisas `kuriers~ vuyure. rac axali weli daiwyo, sxvadasxva saxel-mwifo struqturis warmomadgenlebi bavSvTa saxlebSi da moxucebulTa TavSesafrebSi maTTvis axali wlis misalocad daiarebian. an piriqiT _ bavSvebi mihyavT TavisTan da zeimebs uwyoben. adre ityodnen, socSeji-bri gamocxaddao, axlac raRac ege-Ti aqvT, erTmaneTs ejibrebian, vin ufro met kanfets miutans socialu-rad daucvel bavSvebs. amaSi arafe-ria dasaZraxi. magram cota xnis win

„aratelevizoris“ saqarTveloSi sa-xalxo damcvelis angariSi gamoqveyn-da saxelmwifo instituciebSi myofi SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pi-rebis, maT Soris, bavSvebis Sesaxeb. angariSSi mZime realoba Cans. daa-xloebiT iseTi, rogoric ruben ga-liegos wignSia „TeTriT Savze“. es wigni sabWoTa invalid bavSvTa sax-lebzea da 40_30 wlis winanadel am-bebs aRwers. vkiTxulobdi saxalxo damcvelis angariSs da guli mewu-reboda. SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone bavSvebisTvis, romlebic ins-tituciebSi dRes xvdebian, imis Se-mdeg didad arc araferi Secvlila. isev Zaladoba, isev sicive, isev Sim-Sili...

ho, aseve aCvenes siuJeti imis Se-saxeb, rom iusticiis saministrom maTi saqmianobis obieqturi gaSuqe-bisTvis Jurnalistebi daajildova. saministro ar Semcdara _ „rusTavi 2“-is, „imedisa“ da „realtivis“ Jur-nalistebi namdvilad obieqturad aSuqeben imas, rasac saministroe-bis prescentrebi miawodeben xolme. oRond egaa, kiTxvebi ar uCndebaT. magaliTad, imaze, rac saproceso garigebis Sesaxeb „saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba saqarTvelom“ dawe-ra Tavis ukanasknel angariSSi. pas-portebs namdvilad iolad viRebT, magram am faqts SeuZlia imis gada-farva, rom prokuraturis mxridan sasamarTlo zewolas ganicdis? ga-modis, rom xelisufleba da Jurna-listebi Sexmatkbilebulad muSao-ben. sruli idiliaa.

saxelmwifo gvpirdeba, msxvili me-diamflobelebis Sesaxeb yvelafers gaigebTo. darwmunebuli var, mas Semdeg, rac „yvelafers gavigebT“, didad arc araferi Seicvleba. te-leviziebi saredaqcio politikas ar Secvlian. Cven mflobelebis zusti vinaoba gvecodineba, saxelmwifo saerTaSoriso organizaciebs upa-

takebs, Tqveni moTxovna Sevasru-leTo da sanam isini raimes ufro efeqturs moigoneben, aqauri mediis gasaadamianureblad, `nacionaluri moZraoba~ kidev erT arCevnebs moi-gebs.

ai, warmovidgen adamians, romelic sadRac, saqarTvelos karg, lamaz, magram Rarib sofelSi cxovrobs, Jurnal_gazeTebis sayideli fuli ara aqvs, kompiuteri Tu iyida, in-ternetze saubaric zedmetia da raRa darCenia _ televizors uyu-rebs. televizors tyuilis garda, sxva ufro cudi ramec SeuZlia _ uxeSad da martivad rom vTqvaT _ aSterebs. CemTvis warmoudgenelia, adamianma amden `kuriers~, `qroni-kas~, `jeostar_bravo_niWiers~ da kidev bevr Sous da kidev ufro bevr meqsikur_argentinul sapnis operas uyuros da ar gamoSterdes. gamoSterebac zusti terminia _ mo-vlenebis saRi aRqma gekargeba da sa-survels realobad asaReb da, rac mTavaria, gemovneba gifuWdeba.

mgonia, rom davjde da erTi Tve qarTul televiziebs kritikuli Tvalis gareSe vuyuro, vuyuro ise, rogorc Cveulebrivma telemayure-belma, arc internetSi Sevide da arc gazeTebi vikiTxo, Tvis bolos, al-baT, sxva adamiani viqnebi. mecodine-ba, rogor Sendeba da mSvendeba Cemi qveyana, mere, nel_nela SeveCvevi da davijereb yvelafers, rasac tele-vizori metyvis. eg ki ara, mova ar-Cevnebi da `nacionalur moZraobas~ mivcem xmas _ mere ra, rom Cemamde jer ar mouRwevia, davijereb, rom sadRac gabrwyinebuli, aSenebul_da-mSvenebuli saqarTvelo arsebobs da is Cveni xelisuflebis „xelebdaka-piwebuli“ muSaobisa da „qamrebis Se-moWeris“ Sedegad Sendeba.

bolos, albaT, vaSasac~ SemovZaxeb _ „vaSa am axal saqarTvelos! vaSa Se-nebas!“


Tormetma arasamTavrobo organizaciam xeli moawera veteranTa aqciis darbevas-Tan dakavSirebul specialur gancxade-bas. arasamTavroboebma am gancxadebiT Sinagan saqmeTa saministros da genera-lur prokuraturas 3 ianvars veterane-bis darbevis saqmis obieqturi gamoZie-bisken mouwodes. fondi `Ria sazogadoeba saqarTvelos~ xelmZRvanelis qeTi xuciSvilis TqmiT, arasamTavrobo organizaciebi gamoZie-bis samoqalaqo monitorings gegmaven `gavarkvioT, realurad gamovlindebian da daisjebian Tu ara damnaSaveebi, Tu es iqneba mxolod fasaduri, magaliTad, erTi-ori pirovnebis gaSveba Tanamde-bobebidan da amiT saqmis damTavreba~, _ ganacxada qeTi xuciSvilma.gmirTa moedanze moSimSile omis ve-teranebis aqcia 3 ianvars sapatrulo policiis TanamSromlebma daarbies da 11 moSimSile daakaves. sasamarTlom maT 400-lariani jarima daakisra.ocdaori omis veterani axal wels gmirTa moedanze saZile tomrebSi da lurji brezentis qveS Sexvda. 1992-93 da 2008 wlebis omis veteranebi daRupul

gmirTa memorialTan 8 dRis ganmavloba-Si SimSilobdnen da qveyanaSi arsebuli socialuri mdgomareobis gamosworebas iTxovdnen. aqciis daSlis dros policiis Zalis SesaZlo gadametebasTan dakavSirebiT sakiTxis Seswavlaze gancxadeba Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sainformacio-ana-litikuri departamentis ufrosma SoTa utiaSvilma gaakeTa. amave saqmisTvis samsaxuridan daiTxoves policieli oTar gvenetaZe, romelmac aqciis daSlis dros `qarTuli partiis~ erT-erT wevrs eka ma-TiaSvils fizikuri Seuracxyofa miayena.arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan erTad prokuraturas saqmis gamoZiebis moTxov-niT mimarTa saxalxo damcvelma da `qar-Tulma partiam~. veteranebis darbevas saqarTveloSi amerikis elCi jon basic gamoexmaura, misi gancxadebiT, poli-ciis mxridan Zalis gamoyenebaze saWiroa saqmis `seriozuli gamoZieba~ da meore mxriv, aucilebelia `gadaidgas garkveu-li nabijebi, raTa sazogadoebaSi yvelas esmodes is ZiriTadi wesebi, romelic erovnul monumentebTan saprotesto aqciebis Catarebas exeba~.

arasamTavroboebi veteranebis saqmis monitorings apireben

sanakoevis aRsareba

samxreT oseTis dro-

ebiTi administraciis

yofili wevri da aqcia

`kokoiTi fandarastis~

xelmZRvaneli vladimer

sanakoevi saqarTveloSi

ruseTis uSiSroebis

federaluri samsaxuris

davalebebs asrulebda.

sanakoevis TqmiT,

rusulma specsamsa-

xurma misi gaaqtiureba

saqarTveloSi `vardebis

revoluciis Semdeg moi-

Txova. rogorc sanakoevi

ambobs, misi saqmianobis

mTavari amocana iyo, ar

daeSva saomari moqmede-

bebis dawyeba. igi Tavis

damsaxurebad miiCnevs

saqmianobidan irakli

oqruaSvilis CamoSore-

bas da `proeqt vano me-

rabiSvilis~ amoqmedebas.

strasburgis sasamarTlom

saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

sarCelebi gaanaxevra

strasburgis sasamar-

Tlos gadawyvetilebiT,

saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg

1500 sarCeli daixura. es

aris nawili im 3 000-mde

sarCelisa, romlebic

samxreT oseTis terito-

riaze mcxovrebma adamia-

nebma evropul sasamar-

TloSi rusi advokatebis

daxmarebiT Seitanes. mo-

sarCeleebi saqarTvelos

saxelmwifos evropuli

konvenciis ramdenime

muxlis darRvevaSi sde-

bdnen brals, magaliTad

_ sicocxlis uflebis

xelyofasa Tu arahuma-

nur an Seuracxmyofel

mopyrobaSi.

mokledf

ot

o mai

a wik

lau

ri


`saqarTvelo,

usafrTxoebis mxriv,

meore adgilzea islandiis

Semdeg~.

prezidenti saakaSvili

vaSingtonSi konferenciaze

sityviT gamosvlisas

`aTaswleulis gamowvevis

korporaciam saqarTvelos

winaSe bolo valdebuleba

aiRo~.

korporaciis direqtori

deniel iohanesi

saqarTvelosTvis

gamoyofil 300-milioniani

tranSis Sesaxeb

`katastrofis angariSi

arasrulia~.

poloneTis prezidenti

donald tuski kaCinskis

tragediaze angariSis

Sesaxeb

`dadga dro, CrdiloeT

korea daseriozuldes~.

amerikis Tavdacvis ministri

robert geitsi samSvidobo

molaparakebebze

afeTqeba "krwanisis" saswavlo centrSi

citatebi

`krwanisis~ saswavlo centrSi momxdari

ubeduri SemTxveva, gamoZiebis informa-

ciiT, usafrTxoebis normebis darRve-

vam gamoiwvia, risTvisac usafrTxoebis

normebis dacvaze pasuxismgebeli sami

samxedro daakaves. saqme aRZrulia

sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 403-e muxlis

mesame nawiliT, rac 6-dan 10 wlamde

Tavisuflebis aRkveTas iTvaliswinebs.

afeTqebis faqts Tavdacvis saministros

samxedro policia da generaluri inspeq-

cia iZiebs. `krwanisis~ saswavlo centrSi

momxdari ubeduri SemTxvevisas sami

samxedro mosamsaxure daiRupa, cameti

ki daiWra. cametive daWrili samxedro

mosamsaxure eqimebis meTvalyureobis

qveS rCeba. 12 jariskaci goris samxedro

hospitalSi mkurnalobs. erTi ki pirveli

klinikuri saavadmyofos reanimaciul

ganyofilebaSi rCeba.

ricxvebi

miliardi aSS do-lariT ganisazR-vra saqarTvelos sagareo vali 2010 wels.

TeTramde mouwevT mobiluri kavS-ris operatorebs wuTobrivi tarifis Semcireba.

adgili daikava saqarTvelom ekonomikis Tavisuflebis indeqsSi.

adgilzea saqarTvelo `niu iork taimsis~ 2011-Si mosanaxulebeli qveynebis siaSi.

3,9 24 29-e me-6

mokled

FREEDOM HOUSE-is mixedviT,

saqarTvelo naxevrad

Tavisufali qveyanaa

uflebadamcveli organizacia `Freedom House~ msoflioSi Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb

wliur angariSs aqveynebs. angariSis mi-

xedviT, saqarTvelo kvlav rCeba naxevrad

Tavisufal qveynad.

angariSSi asaxulia viTareba msoflios

194 qveyanaSi da 14 teritoriaze, maT

Soris, uTanxmoebis gamomwvev teritorie-

bze, rogoricaa afxazeTi da cxinvalis

regioni. danarCen saqarTveloSi, Tavisu-

flebis mxriv, `fridom hausis~ Sefase-

biT, garkveuli gaumjobeseba SeiniSneba.

organizacia informacias iseT faqto-

rebze agrovebs, rogoricaa gamoxatvis

Tavisufleba, politikuri pluralizmi,

Sekrebis Tavisufleba da TiToeul qveya-

nas Tavisufali, nawilobriv Tavisufali

an araTavisufali qveynis statuss aniWebs.

daskvna kaCinskis saqmeze

aviaciis samTavroboTaSoriso komitetma

2010 wlis aprilSi poloneTis preziden-

tis lex kaCinskis TviTmfrinavis trage-

diaze daskvna gamoaqveyna. daskvnis mixed-

viT, mfrinavebs, romlebic prezidentis

TviTmfrinavs (tu-154) marTavdnen, saTana-

do momzadeba akldaT da Tan ganicdidnen

fsiqologiur zewolas bortze myofi

generlisagan, romelic pilots dajdomas

Txovda. daskvnas arasruli uwoda polo-

neTis prezidentma donald tuskma, ru-

seTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma, sergei

lavrovma ki daskvnasTan dakavSirebuli

problemebi uaryo. prezidentTan erTad

aviakatastrofaSi TviTmfrinavSi myofi

96-ve adamiani daiRupa.


unda aRdges Tu ara tao-klarjeTis

qarTuli Zeglebi saqarTveloSi muslimuri

salocavebis aSenebis sanacvlod?

ori azri

momxrenestan TaTaraSviliarqiteqtor-restavratori

TurqeTis teritoriaze arsebuli qarTuli qristia-nuli Zeglebis aRdgenis mizniT, TurqeTTan molapa-rakebebi wina jerze Zalian gaWianurda. amasobaSi xan-ZTis taZars gumbaTi Camoengra. ganadgurebis safrTxis qveS aRmoCnda sxva Zeglebic.

sabednierod, ganaxlebuli molaparakebebis Sedegad, dRes ukve realuri xdeba oSkis, xanZTis, iSxanisa da oTxTa eklesiis gadarCena. amis sanacvlod TurqeTi iTxovs, restavracia gaukeTdes samcxeSi mxarjavisa da axalcixis (azi axmed faSas, igive jayelis mier aSene-bul) meCeTebs, qobuleTis raionSi sofel kvirikes qar-Tuli ornamentebiT gaformebul me-19 saukunis james, xolo baTumSi iTxovs, rom aSendes me-20 saukunis Su-axans ganadgurebuli, SesaniSnavi arqiteqturuli nage-boba _ azizies meCeTi.

mimaCnia, rom es SeTanxmeba SesaniSnav precedents Seqmnis im problemur saqmeSi, rasac sxva qveynebSi _ iranSi, azerbaijanSi, israelSi, ruseTsa da somxeTSi arsebuli qarTuli kulturuli Zeglebis dacva hqvia. sagulisxmoa isic, rom Cven teritoriaze TurqeTis mier aRsadgenad SerCeuli muslimuri salocavebi sa-qarTvelos arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis SesaniSnav nimuSebs warmoadgenen. isini, Tavis droze, qarTvelma muslimebma aaSenes, Sesabamisad, ufro metad qarTuli kulturiT arian niSandebuli, vidre muslimuriT. da, unda iTqvas, rom isini Cven aqamdec unda aRgvedgina. dRes ki, miuxedavad imisa, rom am salocavebis mxolod fizikur aRdgenazea laparaki da ara maTi funqciuri daniSnulebis ganaxlebaze, e.w. `muslimuri safrTxe~ mainc iseTi seriozulobiT ganixileba, TiTqos, 21-e saukuneSi saqarTvelos `gamusulmanebas~ es 4 salocavi marTlac SeZlebdes.

TurqeT-saqarTvelos aRniSnuli SeTanxmebis mowi-naaRmdegeni qarTul taZrebSi wirva-locvis aRdgena-sac iTxoven, magram adgilobrivi mrevlis ararsebo-bis pirobebSi (vgulisxmob TurqeTis moqalaqeebs, da ara saqarTvelodan sistematurad mosiarule morw-muneebs) es advili gansaxorcielebeli ar iqneba. Tanac, pirvel rigSi, umZimes mdgomareobaSi myofi taZrebis fizikuri gadarCenaa mTavari, radgan maTi ngrevis SemTxvevaSi wirva-locvis Catareba ukve Seu-Zlebeli gaxdeba.

xanZTis gumbaTi ukve davkargeT molaparakebebis ga-Wianurebis gamo da Tu axlac igive ganmeorda _ xval oSks davkargavT, razec sruli pasuxismgebloba mxo-lod am SeTanxmebis mowinaaRmdegeebs daekisrebaT.

xanZTis gumbaTi ukve davkargeT

molaparakebebis gaWianurebis

gamo da Tu axlac igive ganmeorda

_ xval oSks davkargavT, razec

sruli pasuxismgebloba mxolod

am SeTanxmebis mowinaaRmdegeebs

daekisrebaT.

fo

to

irak

li

Znel

aZe

meCeTi baTumSi


unda aRdges Tu ara tao-klarjeTis

qarTuli Zeglebi saqarTveloSi muslimuri

salocavebis aSenebis sanacvlod?

ori azri

mowinaaRmdegemurman dumbaZe`respublikuri partiis~ aWaris regionuli organizaciis Tavmjdomare

am proeqtis sisruleSi moyvaniT sabolood vaRia-rebT TurqeTis teritoriaze darCenili yofili qar-Tuli eklesiebis statusis cvlilebas, rac CemTvis dauSvebelia. Tu am eklesiebis Tavdapirveli funqcia RvTismsaxureba iyo, aRdgenis Semdeg, isini iqnebian obieqtebi da ara taZrebi. amitom maSfoTebs am pro-cesSi sapatriarqos azris gauTvaliswineblobac, rac sxva rom araferi, saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris konstituciuri SeTanxmebis me-9 muxlis darRvevaa.

amiT irRveva saxelmwifoTa Soris xelSekrulebaSi nacvalgebis principic. rogorc cnobilia, TurqeTSi restavracia gaukeTdeba 4 aSenebul qarTul taZars ise, rom maT ar daubrundeba salocavi funqcia, sa-qarTveloSi ki restavracia Cautardeba 3 aSenebul meCeTs salocavi funqciiT, xolo meoTxes axlidan avaSenebT.

am sakiTxebze Riad aravin saubrobs, rac qmnis STa-beWdilebas, rom sakiTxis gadaWra kuluarulad da daCqarebulad xdeba. piradad CemTvis miuRebelia isic, rom sakiTxi gadaWarbebulad centralizebulia. baTumSi `raRac obieqtis~ (ufunqcio meCeTis) dadgma-ze msjelobs centraluri mTavroba, da am dros saq-mis kursSi ar aris baTumis TviTmmarTveloba.

proeqtis ganxorcielebam SesaZloa, dapirispirebac gamoiwvios ara marto mosaxleobasa da xelisufle-bas, aramed muslimebsa da qristianebs Soris, radgan Cndeba sxva saxelmwifo ideologiis propagandis sa-frTxe. meCeT-muzeumi SesaZloa, iqces saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mier dokumenturad dadasturebuli Turquli propagandis kanonier centrad. praqtiku-lad, is SeiZleba, gaxdes osmaluri TurqeTis okupa-ciis meCeT-muzeumi.

vxedav kidev erT safrTxes: saqarTveloSi arsebu-li muslimuri kulturis Zeglebi Turquli kultu-ris Zeglebad gasaRdeba (axalcixe, kvirike, samcxe). gamodis, rom TurqeTis saxelmwifo Cveni xelisufle-bis ugunuri dadasturebiT, qarTveli muslimebis (romlebmac es Zeglebi Tavis droze aaSenes) eTnikur TurqebTan identificirebas moaxdens.

da bolos, arc sakiTxis zedmeti gapiareba momwons. warsulis didebiT spekulireba xelisuflebis piars em-saxureba ise, rom dRes dadebuli xelSekruleba moma-valze saerTod ar aris gaTvlili. SegaxsenebT, ramde-nad fatalurad damTavrda msgavsi piar-kampaniebi kodori-zemo afxazeTsa da axalgori-leningorSi.

Cndeba sxva saxelmwifo

ideologiis propagandis safrTxe.

meCeT-muzeumi SesaZloa, iqces

Turquli propagandis kanonier

centrad. praqtikulad, is SeiZleba

gaxdes osmaluri TurqeTis

okupaciis meCeT-muzeumi.

fo

to

buba

kudav

a

oSki


konfliqtebi

afxazeTi

rusuli rublis kvaldakvalkremli afxazeTSi sakuTari fulis kontrols amkacrebs.

inal xaSigi, soxumi

ruseTis kontrolis palatisa da afxazeTis parlamentis erToblivma komisiam, romelmac afxazeTSi ruse-Tis finansuri daxmarebiT aRdgenili sajaro obieqtebi Seamowma, seriozu-li darRvevebi aRmoaCina.

ruseTis kontrolis palatis xel-mZRvaneli sergei stepaSini 12 ianvars afxazeTSi swored am mizeziT Cavida: gaerkvia, xom ar flangaven rusul fuls afxazi Cinovnikebi?

vidre prezidentis sasaxleSi Se-xvedra gaimarTeboda, sadac unda SeejamebinaT, ramdenad efeqturad ixarjeba afxazeTisTvis ruseTis biu-jetidan gamoyofili Tanxebi, stepa-Sinma soxumis quCebSi gaiseirna da is obieqtebi daaTvaliera, romelic ruseTis mxardaWeriT Sendeba: afxa-zuri da rusuli Teatrebis rekons-truqcia, ruseTis saelCos Senobis mSenebloba.

`gasuli ori wlis ganmavlobaSi ru-seTis federaluri biujetidan afxa-zeTis finansuri daxmarebisTvis 7,3 miliardi rubli gamoiyo, _ ganacxada stepaSinma, _ 2009 wels Tanxebi sru-lad gamoegzavna respublikas, Tumca 2010 wels iyo garkveuli Seferxebebi _ ver movaswariT 2 miliardis aTvise-ba, rac 2011 wlisTvis gadaido~. misi TqmiT, Semowmebis dros 347 milioni rublis garRveva aRmoCnda. Tumca rusma Cinovnikma sajarod mxolod es ganacxada: `TaRliTebi TqvenTan ver vipoveT~.

informacia imis Sesaxeb, rom rusi revizorebi afxazi Cinovnikebis mier rusi gadasaxadebis gadamxdelTa Tan-xebis TviTneburad gankargvis gamo aRSfoTebas ver malavdnen, jer kidev noembris Sua ricxvebSi gavrcelda.

rogorc gairkva, finansuri daxma-reba, romelic xalxSi ukve qilikis sagnad iqca, Semsruleblebma zed-miwevniT aiTvises.

irkveva, rom Turme afxazeTSi mso-flioSi yvelaze ZviradRirebuli xi-debi, gzebi, saxuravebi da sabavSvo moednebia aSenebuli. saxelmwifo te-leviziis eTeriT gulubryvilo moqa-laqeebi yovel saRamos am obieqtebis agebisTvis `partiasa da mTavrobas~

mTeli guliTa da suliT madlobas uxdian da SesamCnev winsvlasa da aRm-Seneblobaze saubroben.

gasakviri is ki ar aris, rogor `keTilsindisierad~ ixarjeboda da-xmareba, aramed is, rom darRvevebi oficialur angariSSi aisaxa. amis ra-mdenime mizezi SeiZleba iyos.

aSkaraa, rom angariSSi realuri mdgomareobis dafiqsirebiT, pir-vel rigSi, moskovis romelime didi maRalCinosani iyo dainteresebuli. wyaro afxazeTis xelisuflebaSi am-bobs, rom moskoveli revizorebi imTaviTve sakmaod TavdaWerilad da ucnaurad iqceodnen. `maT adgilo-brivi xelisuflebis mxridan yura-dRebis yvela gamoxatvaze, sastumros

xarjebis gadaxdaze, banketebsa da sa-dilebze CamosvlisTanave demonstra-ciulad uari ganacxades da Tqves, rom amisTvis maT samivlinebo Tanxa eZlevaT~.

vis awyobda angariSSi realuri fa-qtebis asaxva?

SesaZloa, rusuli mxare imis gamo iyos nawyeni, rom afxazeTis mTavroba Tavidan kategoriul uars acxadebda es daxmareba, samxreT oseTis msgav-sad, regionuli ganviTarebis saminis-tros daqvemdebarebaSi yofiliyo. an, SesaZloa, kremls afxazeTis xelisu-flebis calkeul warmomadgenlebze kompromatebis mopovebis survili aqvs.

meore, SesaZloa, es viRacebs afxa-zeTis xelisuflebis SigniTac sWir-debaT, radgan 2014 wlis arCevnebisa-Tvis mzadeba ukve dawyebulia da ZalTa da interesTa seriozuli gada-jgufeba mimdinareobs. Tu gaviTva-liswinebT im faqts, rom Semowmeba 2,35 miliard rubls exeboda, rome-lic SarSan gamoiyo, roca mTavrobas saTaveSi aleqsandre anqvabi edga da inerciiT, arCevnebis Semdegac, rusu-li proeqtebis didi nawilis kurire-ba ukve vice-prezidentis ampluaSi masve ergo, Semowmebis Sedegebis mTa-vari dartyma swored aleqsandre an-qvabis winaaRmdeg iqneba mimarTuli.

statia momzadebulia hainrih biolis fondis mxardaWeriT. am publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli Sexedulebebi da mosazrebebi ar aris aucilebeli, gamoxatavdes hainrih biolis fondis Sexedulebebs.


ruseTis kontrolis

palatis xelmZRvaneli sergei

stepaSini afxazeTSi erTi

mizeziT Cavida: gaerkvia, xom

ar flangaven rusul fuls

afxazi Cinovnikebi?

interviu

"es kiTxva maSin gaxdeba aqtualuri, roca mova arCevnebis dro"

interviu uSiSroebis sabWos mdivanTan,

giga bokeriasTan

batono giga, ratom aRiara saqarTve-lom belarusis arCevnebi?

Tu SeiZleba daazusteT, ras gulisxmobT aRiarebaSi?

prezidentma mixeil saakaSvilma aleqsandr lukaSenkos arCevnebSi gamarjveba miuloca.

ho, ra Tqma unda, belaruss hyavs

uSiSroebis sabWos mdivani belarusis arCevnebze, ruseTTan urTierTobasa da

premier-ministris SesaZlo kandidatebze.

axali prezidenti, saqarTvelo am faqts aRiarebs.

anu Tqven aRiarebT am arCevnebis samarTlianobas?

ara, ukacravad. Cveni, ufro sworad, piradad Cemi funqcia ar aris ama Tu im arCevnebis xarisxis Sefaseba, es im organoebis kvali-

fikaciis saqmea, vinc akvirdeba arCevnebs. belarusSi iyo damkvir-veblebis misia saqarTvelodan da maTi daskvna cnobilia. is met-nak-lebad imave mimarTulebisaa, rac euTos misiis daskvna.

euTos damkvirvebelTa misiis daskv-na kritikulia.

fo

to

lev

an x

erxe

ul

iZe


interviu

kritikul daskvnasa da arCevne-bis araRiarebas Soris Zalian didi zRvaria.

vaRiarebT Tu ara lukaSenkos belarusis prezidentad? ra Tqma unda, vaRiarebT! winaswari mona-cemebiT, lukaSenko airCa da Cemi azriT, am faqts marto Cven ki ara, miiRebs im qveynebis umravlesoba, Tu yvela ara, romelTac urTier-Toba aqvT belarusTan.

damkvirveblebis Sefasebebi eWvqveS ayenebs faqts, rom lukaSenko xal-xis mier arCeuli prezidentia.

SegaxsenebT, rodesac ruseTis prezidentis arCevnebi Catarda, maSinac iyo kritika. medvedevs yvela aRiarebs ruseTis preziden-tad, xom ar meSleba?! yvela _ maT Soris, evrokavSiric da SeerTebu-li Statebic.

saqarTvelos xelisufleba ar afasebs arCevnebis demokratiulo-bis sxvadasxva mniSvnelovan aspeqts, amas afaseben sadamkvirveblo mi-siebi, maT Soris, euTo. miuxedavad imisa, rom euTo aris Zalian avto-ritetuli organo da saqarTvelos xelisuflebisTvis avtoritetulia misi daskvnebi, Cven vaRiarebT arCe-vnebis Sedegebs. euTos sadamkvir-veblo misiis daskvnaSi arsad weria, rom arCevnebi ar Sedga.

me mikvirs, rom es kiTxva sa-erTod gaCnda. vinme moeloda, rom saqarTvelos prezidenti ar aRiarebda belarusis arCevnebis Sedegebs?!

molodini iyo, rom saqarTvelos xelisufleba, romelic acxadebs, rom misi strategiuli xedva da kursi evroatlantikur sivrceSi integrirebaa...

Cndeba kiTxva Cveni damokidebu-lebis Sesaxeb garkveul fundamen-tur TavisuflebebTan dakavSire-biT?

diax.

saarCevno dResTan da Semdeg, masTan dakavSirebul movlenebze me gavakeTe gancxadeba da Cveni pozicia aseTia: belarusi aris Cveni megobari qveyana da masTan urTierTobas Cven Zalian did mniSvnelobas vaniWebT. Cven Zalian myarad da mtkiced vuWerT mxars mis suverenitets. swored aqedan gamomdinare, SeSfoTebis sababs iZleva is viTareba, romelic Seqm-nilia da Cven imeds gamovTqvamT, rom yvela dakavebuli adamiani da pirvel rigSi, prezidentobis kan-didatebi gaTavisufldebian. amas-

Tan erTad, Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom gagrZeldes dialogi belarus-sa da evrokavSirs, belarussa da amerikis SeerTebul Statebs So-ris. es aris Cveni pozicia Seqmnil viTarebasTan dakavSirebiT.

Tqven xarT xelisufleba, romelic moxvediT ara arCevnebiT, aramed revoluciiT.

`nacionaluri moZraoba~ xeli-suflebaSi movida arCevnebiT. ubralod, revoluciam aiZula wina xelisufleba, romelic ar gamo-

xatavda qarTveli sazogadoebis nebas, gadamdgariyo.

Tqveni SefasebiT absoluturad gansxvavebuli situaciaa axla bela-rusSi?

me Tavs Sevikavebdi, es ar aris Cemi saqme, belarusSi mimdinare po-litikuri procesebis analizisgan. Cven gamovxateT Cveni SeSfoTeba, magram suverenul saxelmwifoSi ar-Ceul xelisuflebasTan urTierToba sruliad gansxvavebuli sakiTxia.

am gadawyvetilebaze iqonia Tu ara gavlena iman, rom miuxedavad am SesaZleblobisa, lukaSenko ar daTanxmda afxazeTisa da oseTis damoukideblobis aRiarebas?

Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, rom belarusma gauZlo Zalian agresiul zewolas ruse-Tis federaciidan, magram yvela SemTxvevaSi Cven vaRiarebT arCev-nebis Sedegebs. arcerTi sxva maga-liTi ar arsebobs imisa, rom Cven ar vaRiareT arCevnebis Sedegebi, amitom mogitaneT ruseTis maga-liTic. euTo saerTod ar SeuS-ves ruseTSi da damkvirveblebis daskvnebi Zalian kritikuli iyo, magram prezidenti medvedevi airCa ruseTis federaciis preziden-tad da masTan urTierTobs mTeli civilizebuli samyaro, mTeli Tavisufali samyaro.

batono giga, ra nabijebi unda gadadgas `nacionalurma moZrao-bam~ 2011-2012 wlebSi imisTvis, rom darCes xelisuflebaSi?

martivia pasuxi am kiTxvaze. Cveni mizania im amocanebis Sesru-leba, rac dgas qveynis winaSe da risTvisac Cven miviReT mandati arCevnebze.

modernizaciis gagrZeleba, eko-nomikuri zrda da samuSao adgile-bis gaCena, Tu rame unda gamovyoT, es aris, suverenitetis gaZliere-basTan erTad.


Zalian didi

mniSvneloba

aqvs imas, rom

belarusma gauZlo

Zalian agresiul

zewolas ruseTis

federaciidan, magram,

yvela SemTxvevaSi, Cven

vaRiarebT arCevnebis

Sedegebs.

interviu

fiqrobT Tu ara, rom `nacionalur-ma moZraobam~, imisaTvis, rom dar-Ces xelisuflebaSi, unda moaxerxos winsvla ruseTTan urTierTobaSi?

ruseTTan urTierTobaSi winsvla Sedis Cvens nacionalur intere-sebSi, mTeli qarTuli sazogado-ebis interesebSi. magram, rodesac urTierTobis daregulirebaze vsaubrobT, ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom mas win uZRoda Zalian mniSvne-lovani sakiTxebi, ris gamoc Seiqm-na problemebi da ramac mogviyvana qveynis teritoriis 20 procentis okupaciamde da rusul agresiamde.

es Tqveni mmarTvelobis periodSi moxda, `nacionaluri moZraoba~ iyo am dros xelisuflebaSi.

saqarTvelos prezidentebs erT-maneTs ar vadareb, es sxvadasxva istoriebia, Tumca, maT erTi saerTo hqondaT: yvela etapze, rodesac maT scades qarTuli da-moukidebeli, suverenuli saxel-mwifos Seqmna da qveynis sagareo politikuri kursi, sxvadasxva formiT, magram evroatlantikuri sivrcisaken mimarTes, hqondaT fundamenturi problema ruseTis federaciasTan.

roca saqarTvelos saxelmwifos ganviTarebis tempi xarisxobrivad axal etapze gadavida da saqarTve-lo gaxda arasrulyofili, magram funqciuri, liberaluri da de-mokratiuli, ruseTis federaciis politikam yvelaze Ria agresiis saxe miiRo 2008 wlis agvistoSi, es namdvilad asea, Tumca fundamen-turad araferi gansxvavebuli Cven ar gvinaxavs.

ruseTis federaciisTvis Ziri am problemebisa mdgomareobs sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Sede-gis fundamentur miuReblobaSi, anu imaSi, rom aRdga saqarTvelos suvereniteti da saqarTvelos aqvs neba da xedva sagareo kursisa, rom wavides evroatlantikuri sivrci-saken.

amave dros, swored es aris is fun-damenturi problema, rac aqvs ru-seTis xelisuflebas saqarTvelos xelisuflebasTan.

udavod! da mTlianad saqarTve-losTanac.

Tqven, rogorc politikuri par-tia, romelsac gaqvT sazogadoebis dakveTa, aRadginoT urTierToba ruseTTan ise, rom es ar moxdes Cveni saxelmwifo interesebis xarjze, rogor apirebT amis gakeTe-bas momavalSi, roca es aqamde ver moaxerxeT?

vidre ar Seicvleba ruseTis damokidebuleba saqarTvelos, saerTod mezoblebis, evropu-li usafrTxoebisa da qveynebis suverenitetis mimarT, garRveva SeuZlebelia.

manamde unda SevinarCunoT da SevinarCunebT kidec suvereni-tets, sagareo kurss, wavalT win da dros ar davkargavT. amave dros, saerTaSoriso partnioreb-Tan erTad unda SevecadoT, rom am mimarTulebiT moxdes cvlilebebi Cvens urTierTobebSi moskovTan da

moskovis urTierTobebSi mezoble-bTan da Tavisufal samyarosTan. es procesi Zalian rTuli aRmoCnda, amdeni weliwadi gagrZelda.

vardebis revoluciis Semdeg Cven gvqonda mcdeloba, rom es urTier-Tobebi mogvegvarebina ruseTis strategiuli interesebis gaTva-liswinebiT. rac ver moxerxda da bunebrivicaa, radgan ruseTis fede-raciis prezidents da axla premier-ministrs _ vladimir putins molo-dini hqonda, rom is daniSnavda Cvens uSiSroebis ministrs.

rodesac prezidentma saakaSvilma Tqva, rom mzad aris daiwyos mola-parakebebi ruseTis xelisuflebas-Tan, ras elodiT sapasuxod? Tqveni TqmiT, sakiTxi ase imitom daisva, rom Tu arsebobs raime Teoriuli Sansi, es Sansi unda gamoyenebul iq-nas. Tumca iqve aRniSneT, rom Zalian skeptikurad xarT ganwyobili am SesaZleblobis mimarT.

am etapze.

TvliT Tu ara Sansad imas, rom prezidenti medvedevi sul ufro xSirad cdilobs, gaakritikos is nabijebi, rasac dgams premier-mi-nistri putini strategiul sakiTxe-bTan dakavSirebiT?

me gavcnobivar mraval spekula-cias Tu analizs ruseTis federa-ciis xelisuflebis SigniT mimdi-nare procesebTan dakavSirebiT. es Cemi saqme ar aris, me politologi ar gaxlavarT, rom gavaanalizo es sakiTxi da, miT umetes, speku-laciebi. es sainteresoa, mniSv-nelovania, magram Cemi saqme ar aris. Cven, iseve, rogorc mTelma samyarom, unda vixiloT, realuri cvlilebebi, an moZraobis dawye-ba am realuri cvlilebebisken. amas saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi jer ver vxedavT. Tumca, unda gavZlierdeT im momentisaTvis, rodesac gaCndeba es cvlilebebi, Tu gaCnda saerTod.


vidre ar

Seicvleba ruseTis

damokidebuleba

saqarTvelos, saerTod

mezoblebis, evropuli

usafrTxoebisa

da qveynebis

suverenitetis mimarT,

garRveva

SeuZlebelia.

interviu

Tu sworad mivxvdi, am etapze, erTa-derTi, rac Tqven SegeZloT, gageke-TebinaT, iyo is, rom ganacxadeT dialogisTvis mzaoba da amis iqiT veRar midixarT?

dialogs sWirdeba ori mxare. ruseTis federacia am etapze ar aRiarebs saqarTvelos sazRvrebs, saqarTvelos xelisuflebas da cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb xel-Sekrulebas.

ruseTis federacias jer ar uTqvams uari mcdelobaze, rom arsebobdes misi privilegire-buli gavlenis sferoebi, sadac is miiRebs gadawyvetilebebs da sul mcire, SezRudavs qveynebis suverenitets. es aris problemis Ziri.

Tqven ar upasuxeT Jurnalist eka kvesitaZis kiTxvas, rogori iqneba Tqveni Sefaseba, Tu 2013-Si premier-ministri mixeil saakaSvili gaxda...

me vupasuxe am kiTxvas, ubralod, qalbatoni eka, da rogorc Cans, Tqvenc, am pasuxma ar dagakmayofi-laT.

Tqven ar gaeciT am kiTxvas pirdapi-ri pasuxi da TqviT, rom es ar aris aqtualuri Tema, riTac kidev ufro gaZlierda eWvi imis Sesaxeb, rom es marTlac SesaZlebelia...

es Tqveni Sefasebaa, Cemma pasuxma ar dagakmayofilaT. me mzad var igive gagimeoroT, Tu maSin kargad ar ismoda da Seferxeba iyo tele-sivrceSi. me vTqvi, rom alogiku-ria, sami wliT adre prezidentis vadis amowurvamde mTavar sadisku-sio Temad am sakiTxis qceva da amis dakavSireba sakonstitucio cvlilebebTan.

Zalian mniSvnelovania da logiku-ria, rom `nacionaluri moZraoba~ fiqrobdes, ras izams 2012-Si da ro-gor darCeba 2013-Si xelisuflebaSi.

dRes saubari imaze, Tu vin iqne-ba mmarTveli partiis kandidati,

politikuri cxovrebis dinamikis gaTvaliswinebiT, ara Tu naadre-via, araarsebiTicaa, Cemi azriT. imitom, rom sami weliwadi politi-kur cxovrebaSi aris usasruloba, roca laparakia arCevnebze.

anu `nacionaluri moZraoba~ jer ar fiqrobs imaze, vin iqneba misi kandidati?

ara, ra Tqma unda! axla es saki-Txi ar dgas dRis wesrigSi. axla dgas is sakiTxi, Tu rogor mo-vaxerxebT im amocanebis momaval wels Sesrulebas, rac Cvens winaSe dgas.

ra kriteriumebiT wyvetT, vin iqneba Tqveni kandidati?

Sidapartiuli diskusiis Sedegad da am faqtorebis gaTvaliswinebiT _ romeli lideri gamoxatavs par-tiis Sexedulebebs, ar aqvs mniS-vneloba, romel Tanamdebobazea saubari _ qalaqis meris, premier-ministris Tu prezidentis. mTava-ria, hqondes amomrCevlis mxar-daWera da ukeT SeeZlos am saqmis gakeTeba da artikulireba. aseve, amomrCevlebis darwmuneba sakuTar SesaZleblobebSi.

Tqveni saubridan gamomdinare, ar gamoricxavT rom es SeiZleba iyos mixeil saakaSvili?

kidev erTxel vimeoreb, diskusia imaze, Tu vin iqneba kandidati, naadrevia. `nacionaluri moZrao-bis~, misi lideris da qveynis lideris _ mixeil saakaSvilis amocana ar mdgomareobs imaSi, darCebian Tu ara esa Tu is perso-nebi xelisuflebaSi. amocanaa im kursis da im reformebis gagrZe-leba, rac airCia xalxma. es aris Cveni pasuxi am kiTxvaze. es sakiTxi ki maSin gaxdeba aqtualuri, roca mova arCevnebis dro.

esaubra nino jafiaSvili.

finansuri dava

skandali Svidi nuliT`kardasopulosi da fuqsi

saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg~

da piriqiT.

manana vardiaSvili

amerikulma iuridiulma firma Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom-ma, romelic saqarTveloSi dakave-buli ebraeli biznesmenis, ron fu-qsis interesebs icavs, 2011 wlis 7 ianvars evropis adamianis ufleba-Ta sasamarTlos peticia gaugzavna da saqarTvelos mTavroba fuqsis uflebaTa SelaxvaSi daadanaSau-la. peticiaSi aRniSnulia, rom sa-qarTvelos mTavrobam fuqss maxe daugo da is 2010 wlis oqtomber-Si, baTumSi motyuebiT Camoiyvana. qveynis SigniT mis Semosatyueblad ki specoperacia dagegma, romelic xelisuflebis maRali Tanamdebo-bis pirebis monawileobiT ganaxor-ciela.

ebraeli biznesmenebi _ ron fuq-si da zeev frenkieli saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturisa da Sinagan saqmeTa saministros konstitu-ciuri usafrTxoebis departamen-tis erToblivi operaciis Sedegad, 2010 wlis 14 oqtombers baTumSi daakaves. gamoZiebis mtkicebiT, maT saqarTvelos finansTa ministris moadgile avTandil xaraiZes qrTa-mis saxiT 7 milioni dolari SesTa-vazes. israelis moqalaqeebs brali saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 339-e muxlis me-3 nawiliT


sainvesticio davebis

mogvarebis saerTaSoriso

centris tribunalis

mier 2010 wlis 3 marts

gamotanili ganaCenis

Tanaxmad, saqarTvelom

daarRvia energo qartiis

saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba

da `kardasopuloss

saqarTveloSi Cadebuli

investiciebi ukanonod

CamoarTva~.

ekonomika

gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulisTvis wauyenes. eWvmitanilebs bralis damtkicebis SemTxvevaSi 8 wlamde Tavisuflebis aRkveTa emuqrebaT. saerTaSoriso Zebna gamocxadda ki-dev erT eWvmitanilze, berZen biz-nesmen ioanis kardasopulosze.

panamaSi registrirebuli kompania „trameqsis“ damfuZneblebi ioanis kardasopulosi da ron fuqsi sa-qarTveloSi 1990 wels Camovidnen. zviad gamsaxurdias xelisuflebas-Tan maT Suamdgomloba cnobilma qarTvelma ebraelma _ efraim gur-ma gauwia. „trameqsis“ damfuZne-blebi saqarTveloSi gamsaxurdias xelisuflebis damxobis Semdegac darCnen da urTierToba premier-ministr Tengiz siguas mTavro-basTan gaagrZeles. 1992 wels maT „saqnavTobTan“ erTad erToblivi kompania „ji-Ti-ai“ daaarses da sa-qarTvelos teritoriaze navTobisa da gazis mopovebis, gadamuSavebisa da tranzitis eqskluziuri ufleba miiRes. 1993 wlis 15 aprils gafor-mebuli kontraqtis Tanaxmad, „ji-Ti-ai~-m saqarTvelos magistralur navTobsadenze 30-wliani koncesiis ufleba miiRo. „ji-Ti-ai~-sTan da-debuli kontraqti saqarTvelos mTavrobam 1996 wels gaauqma. kar-

dasopuloss da fuqss dahpirdnen, rom kompensacias gadauxdidnen. Tumca prezidenti SevardnaZe ise wavida xelisuflebidan da poli-tikidan, rom investorebisTvis miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis sa-qme arc ganxilula. prezident sa-akaSvilis mTavrobam ki, 2004 wlis noemberSi „trameqsis“ mflobelebs kompensaciis micemaze uari uTxra.

amis Semdeg fuqsma da karda-sopulosma sainvesticio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSoriso centrs mimarTes. sainvesticio davebis mo-gvarebis saerTaSoriso centri (ICSI - International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes) wamyvani saerTa-Soriso saarbitraJo sasamarTloa, romelic `msoflio bankis~ jgufSi Sedis.

saqarTvelos xelisufleba cdi-lobda, rom saqme saxelwodebiT `kardasopulosi da fuqsi saqarTve-los winaaRmdeg~ ar ganxiluliyo. argumentad davis xandazmuloba dasaxelda. sainvesticio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSoriso centrma es argumenti samarTlianad ar cno. centris tribunalis daskvnaSi aR-niSnulia, rom 1996 wels saqarTve-los mTavrobis gadawyvetilebiT, samTavrobo komisia Seiqmna da rom

investorebs 2004 wlamde kompensa-ciis micemas hpirdebodnen.

amis Semdeg momCivan investorebs qarTulma mxarem kidev ramdenime braldeba Seageba _ saqarTvelos mTavrobam scada daemtkicebina, rom `trameqsTan~ gaformebuli xelSekruleba kabaluri iyo da rom investorebma maTze dakisre-buli movaleobebi ar Seasrules da faqtobrivad, saqarTveloSi inves-ticiebi ar ganaxorcieles. sainves-ticio davebis mogvarebis saerTa-Soriso centrma marTebulad arc es argumentebi miiCnia. centris tribunalis daskvnis Tanaxmad, investorebi asrulebdnen maTze dakisrebul movaleobebs manamde, vidre saqarTvelos mTavrobam maT-Tan dadebuli kontraqti calmxri-vad ar Sewyvita.

sainvesticio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSoriso centris tribunalis mier 2010 wlis 3 marts gamotanili ganaCenis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelom daarRvia energo qartiis saerTa-Soriso xelSekruleba (romelic energoseqtorSi saerTaSoriso ga-rigebebis wesebs adgens) da `karda-sopuloss saqarTveloSi Cadebuli investiciebi ukanonod CamoarTva~. fuqsTan dakavSirebiT ki arbitra-


ekonomika

Jma daadgina, rom qarTulma mxarem israelsa da saqarTvelos Soris in-vesticiebis dacvis Sesaxeb dadebu-li ormxrivi SeTanxmeba daarRvia.

sainvesticio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSoriso centris gadawyve-tilebiT, saqarTvelos mTavrobas kardasopulosisa da fuqsisTvis 90 mln 250 aTasi aSS dolaris gadaxda daekisra. saqarTvelos mTavrobas daevala aseve investorebis mier gaweuli sasamarTlo xarjebis _ 8 milioni aSS dolaris dafarvac.

2010 wlis 30 ivniss saqarTve-los xelisuflebam sainvesticio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSoriso centris tribunalis ganaCenis ga-saCivreba gadawyvita. verdiqtis SeCerebis sakiTxi sainvesticio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSoriso

centris arbitraJs unda ganexi-la. fuqsma da kardasopulosma ki arbitraJisgan moiTxoves, rom sa-qarTvelos maTi kuTvnili kompen-saciis sabanko garantia waredgi-na. aurzauric swored amis Semdeg daiwyo.

saqarTvelos iusticiis saminis-tros oficialur vebgverdze gamo-qveynebuli gancxadebis Tanaxmad, ron fuqsi da ioanis kardasopulo-si qrTamis sanacvlod iTxovdnen `saqarTvelos xelisuflebis dayo-liebas maTTvis misaReb pirobebze, romlis mixedviTac, saqarTvelos mTavroba ar gaasaCivrebda saarbi-traJo sasamarTlos gadawyvetile-bas~.

xelisufleba kategoriulad ua-ryofs raime kavSirs ori biznes-menis winaaRmdeg aRZrul sisxlis samarTlis saqmesa da mravalmilio-nian davas Soris. braldebis mxare

acxadebs, rom mas myari argumen-tebi aqvs dakavebuli biznesmene-bis winaaRmdeg da rom saqme sufTa korufciul garigebas exeba. `media da am ori pirovnebis ojaxebi See-cadnen, mTeli am saqmisTvis poli-tikuri mimarTuleba miecaT, acxa-deben ra, rom saqarTvelos ar surs Tanxis gadaxda da swored amitom daapatimres isini. es simarTle ar aris. es tipuri moqrTamvis saqmea,“ _ acxadebs Fox News_sTvis micemul komentarSi saqarTvelos mTavari prokuroris pirveli moadgile da-viT sayvareliZe.

qarTveli samarTaldamcvelebis mTavari samxili stambulsa da ba-TumSi gadaRebuli faruli video-Canawerebia, romlebzec fuqsisa da frenkielis xaraiZesTan Sexvedre-

bia Cawerili. saqarTvelos genera-luri prokuraturis informaciiT, fuqsma da frenkielma xaraiZes sxvadasxva dros qrTamis saxiT sxvadasxva odenobis Tanxa SesTava-zes. pirveli Sexvedrisas xaraiZes xuTi milioni dolaris odenobis qrTami SesTavazes. meore Sexvedra-ze finansTa ministris moadgilis-Tvis misacemi Tanxis odenoba 10-dan 20 milion amerikul dolaramde gaizarda _ es im SemTxvevaSi, Tu sa-qarTvelo „trameqsis“ sasargeblod 100 milion dolars gadaixdida.

videoCanawerSi, romelic stam-bulis sastumroSi 15 seqtembersaa gadaRebuli, fuqsi xaraiZes eubne-ba, rom mas 80 milioni aSS dolaris miReba surs da SeuZlia 80 milions zemoT misaRebi Tanxa xaraiZes mis-ces. ebraeli biznesmeni viskiT me-gobrobis, pensiaze gasvlisa da uzrunveli cxovrebis sadRegr-

Zelos svams. fuqsi saqarTvelos finansTa ministris moadgiles eu-bneba, rom `aseTi Sansi cxovrebaSi orjer ar modis~ da rom aseTi xel-sayreli garigeba 32 wlis xaraiZis cxovrebas radikalurad Secvlis.

saqarTvelos prokuraturis in-formaciiT, ebrael biznesmenebsa da finansTa ministris moadgiles Soris SeTanxmeba sabolood Svid milion dolarze Sedga.

fuqsis dacvis mxaris rwmunebiT ki, imisTvis, rom biznesmenebisTvis kompensacia ar gadaexadaT, saqar-Tvelos mTavrobam specoperacia dagegma _ ebraeli biznesmenebi da-arwmunes, rom qarTuli mxare Ta-naxma iyo 73 mln aSS dolaris ga-daxdaze, oRond im SemTxvevaSi, Tu fuqsi miiRebda premier-ministris

mowvevas da 2010 wlis 14 oqtombers baTumSi Cavidoda, sadac specialu-rad gamarTul preskonferencias da `xelis moweris~ ceremonias da-eswreboda.

`saqarTvelom gamoiyena iusti-ciis ministri da iuristebi imis-Tvis, rom mxareebs Soris SeTanx-mebis sabuTebi moemzadebina cru preskonferenciisa da ceremoniis-Tvis, maSin roca, saqarTvelos mTavrobis warmomadgenlebma kar-gad icodnen, rom mxareTa Soris urTierTobis mogvarebis procesi farsi iyo. fuqsi saqarTveloSi Seityues da kompensaciis miRebis magivrad daapatimres~, _ naTqvamia dacvis mxaris peticiaSi.

dacvis mxare acxadebs, rom fuqsi saqarTveloSi piradad premier-mi-nistrma nika gilaurma werilobiT miiwvia. premier-ministris am mosa-wvevSi, romelsac fuqsis advokate-

fuqsis dacvis mxaris rwmunebiT ki, imisTvis, rom biznesmenebisTvis kompensacia

ar gadaexadaT, saqarTvelos mTavrobam specoperacia dagegma _ ebraeli biznesmenebi

daarwmunes, rom qarTuli mxare Tanaxma iyo 73 mln aSS dolaris gadaxdaze.


bi mTavar samxilad miiCneven, vki-TxulobT:

„pirvel rigSi, neba momeciT ga-movxato Cemi kmayofileba mimdina-re molaparakebebis mimarT saqar-Tvelos finansTa saministrosTan. darwmunebuli var, erToblivi Za-lisxmeviT Cven vipoviT misaReb ga-mosavals. mtkiced mjera, rom es Se-xvedra, romelic uaxloes momavalSi gaimarTeba, didad Seuwyobs xels am SeTanxmebis dasrulebas. aseTi Sexve-dra mogvcems imis SesaZleblobas, rom vimsjeloT yvela detalze da ueWvelad pozitiuri efeqti eqneba sakiTxis megobruli mogvarebisTvis. amasTan dakavSirebiT, ukve miRweuli SeTanxmebebis Sesabamisad, neba mibo-ZeT oficialurad mogiwvioT Tqven baTumSi 2010 wlis 14 oqtombers, raTa davasruloT morigeba da xeli movaweroT mas.

pativiscemiT, nika gilauri“

saqarTvelos premier-ministri mosawvevis arsebobis faqts uaryo-fs. dakavebuli biznesmenis dacvis mxare acxadebs, rom am mosawve-vis garda arsebobs saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da kardasopuloss da fuqss Soris morigebis xelSekru-lebis xelmouwereli proeqtic, romelzec gilauri Tavis mosawve-vSi saubrobs da sadac iusticiis ministris moadgilis _ Tina bur-jalianis gvaric figurirebs.

peticiaSi naTqvamia, rom `di-plomatiuri arxebis gamoyenebiT, saqarTvelos mTavrobam fuqss pa-timrobidan gaTavisufleba da qvey-nis datovebis SesaZlebloba SesTa-vaza, oRond im SemTxvevaSi, Tu is da misi biznespartniori sainvesti-cio davebis mogvarebis saerTaSo-riso centrSi mogebuli Tanxis mi-Rebaze uars ityvian. saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier SeTavazebuli `ga-rigebis~ Tanaxmad, fuqsma Tavisu-flebis sanacvlod qrTamis micemis

danaSauli unda aRiaros. es amtki-cebs, rom saqarTvelos mTavroba fuqssa da mis partniorze SantaJs axorcielebs.~

Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlo uars ambobs dakavebuli biznesme-nebis giraos sanacvlod gaTavisu-flebaze. peticiaSi weria, rom `61 wlis biznesmeni, romlis janmrTe-lobis mdgomareobac Selaxulia, kvlav winaswar patimrobaSi rCeba. ris gamoc, arsebobs safrTxe, rom dakavebulma biznesmenma masze gan-xorcielebul SantaJsa da zewolas ver gauZlos da saqarTvelos xeli-suflebis mier wayenebuli bralde-ba aRiaros.~

Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi ramdenime procesi ukve gaimarTa. dakavebuli biznesmenebis dacvis mxarem finansTa ministr kaxa bain-duraSvilis, premier-ministr nika gilauris da iusticiis ministris moadgile Tina burjalianis mowmis statusiT dakiTxva moiTxova. sasa-marTlom Suamdgomloba ar daak-mayofila.

saqarTveloSi dakavebuli ebrae-li biznesmenebis saqmes ukve mohyva saerTaSoriso gamoxmaureba. israe-lis prezidentma Simon peresma pre-zident saakaSvils satelefono saubarSi saqmis samarTliani gamo-Zieba sTxova. rogorc gairkva, dakavebuli roni fuqsi peresis axlo megobari da amave dros isra-elis qalaq eilaTSi TurqeTis sapa-tio konsulia. fuqsis advokatTa jgufs konsultacias cnobili ame-rikeli iuristi da prezident ba-rak obamas yofili mTavari iuri-diuli mrCeveli gregor kreigi uwevs. kreigi xelmZRvanelobda prezident klintonis iuristTa gunds, rodesac mas impiCmenti emu-qreboda. amJamad is amerikuli iu-ridiuli firma Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom-is partnioria. fir-ma axla imaze muSaobs, rom fuqsis saqmem evropis adamianis uflebaTa sasamarTloSi gadainacvlos.

ekonomika

gv. 10

fasi 2 lari

arsebobs Tu ara samoqalaqo sazogadoeba? gv. 08

axali konstitucia gv. 14 / 23 / 26

ledi peilinis xmauri da mZvinvareba gv. 15

ori germania gv. 17

hamarbergis ganaCeni gv. 21

qarTuli wylis~ ofSoruli saidumlo gv. 28

yalbi yalibi _ qarxnuli ganaTleba gv. 33

`istoriuli simarTlis komisia~ gv. 36

teleiavnana _ reketi uflis saxeliT gv. 39

sad aris opozicia?

# 46 / 4 - 10 oqtomberi / 2010

fasi 2 lari

`kavkasiuri saxli~ usaxlod gv. 08

bagratis taZari mainc aRdgeba gv. 09

gvinda saakaSvili premier-ministrad? gv. 10

axali konstitucia gv. 20

ratom unda vixadoT gadasaxadebi gv. 23

prezidentis simboluri~ saCuqrebi gv. 25

samxedro kapitani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg gv. 29

TviTmmarTvelobasTan xelSekruli televiziebi gv. 34

qarTveli xalxi siyalbis winaaRmdeg! gv. 48

# 42 / agvisto / 2010

meqanikuri forToxali

gv. 12

saqvelmoqmedo eqsperimenti

mozardebis tvinebze

Jurnalis gamosawerad dagvikavSirdiT telefonze:

(899) 48 62 41an mogvawodeT Tqveni

sakontaqto informacia

el-fostiT: [email protected]

wliuri xelmowera

mxolod 55 lari!

gamoiwereTJurnali `liberali~

TiTqmis naxevar fasad!

isargebleT specialuri SeTavazebiT,

gamoiwereT Jurnali `liberali~

da miiReT Tqveni Jurnali

yovel orSabaTs

TqvenTvis sasurvel adgilas!

specialuri SeTavazeba


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sazogadoebrivi transporti

satransporto labirinTi dedaqalaqs spontanuri da qaoturi satransporto politika aqvs.

naTia axalaSvili, rusudan fanoziSvili

_ ra mitingia aq? _ kiTxulobs samarSruto taqsSi moxuci qali, romlis „marSrutkamac“ orbelia-nis (yofili kolmeurneobis) mo-edanze mouxvia da varkeTilisken gaagrZela gza.

_ mitingi ki ara, gaCerebaa. xal-xi avtobuss elodeba, _ pasuxobs mZRoli.

TiTqmis yoveldRe pikis saaTis dros, orbelianis moedanTan ga-Cerebaze, konkas mxares, erTdrou-lad daaxloebiT 100-120 adamiani elodeba Tavis avtobuss.

`ramdenma 44-ma Caiara da 102 ki-dev ar Cans!~ _ ori mZime parkiT datvirTuli nana mWedliSvili foniWalisken mimaval avtobuss, na-xevar saaTze metia, elodeba.

dedaqalaqis biujets municipa-luri transportis Senaxva yove-lwliurad soliduri Tanxa ujde-ba. 2011 wels saqalaqo transporti 43 milion larze met dafinansebas miiRebs.

`ukeTesi momsaxureba ukeTes Tbiliss~ _ es 2011 wlis biujetis slogania. dedaqalaqis meris Tq-miT, Catarda gamokiTxva, biujetis Sedgenisas mosaxleobis azri gai-Tvaliswines da upiratesoba qala-qis momsaxurebis sferos moderni-zebas mieniWa.

bolo ramdenime welia, Tbilisis meria yovel wels erT-erT mTa-var prioritetad dedaqalaqis sa-

transporto infrastruqturis mo-wesrigebas, momsaxurebis xarisxis amaRlebasa da sagzao moZraobis gaumjobesebas asaxelebs.

mas Semdeg, rac xelisuflebaSi `vardebis revoluciis~ Sedegad mosuli gundi movida, dedaqalaqis satransporto infrastruqtura araerTi eqsperimentisa da cvli-lebis obieqti gaxda.

mTeli Tbilisis masStabiT evrostandartebis Sesabamisad da-montaJda sagzao niSnebi da axali SuqniSnebi ukuaTvlis wammzome-biT; daixaza gzebi, rekonstruqcia Cautarda gzajvaredinebsa da mo-ednebs; damontaJda usafrTxoebis kunZulebi, Semovida parkirebis sistema da moZraobis gansatvirTa-vad bolo aTwleulebis ganmavlo-baSi yvelaze masStaburi proeqti _ axali magistralic ki aSenda. xSir SemTxvevaSi, cvlilebebi winaswar gaTvlili ar iyo da Semdeg male-ve uqmdeboda, rogorc, magali-Tad, gmirTa moednis SemTxvevaSi, romelmac am wlebis ganmavlobaSi ramdenjerme ganicada transfor-macia.

miuxedavad am TvalSisacemi cvlilebebisa, dedaqalaqSi Tvidan Tvemde sul ufro rTuli xdeba gadaadgileba da amas, pirvel ri-gSi, swored isini grZnoben, vinc municipaluri transportiT sar-geblobs.

bolo ramdenime Tvea, gaCere-bebze avtobusebis erTdroulad momlodineTa ricxvma sagrZnoblad imata, xolo qalaqis erTi ubnidan meoreSi misasvlelad Tbiliselebs sul ufro meti transportis gamo-cvla uwevT.

gasuli wlis oqtomberSi meriam `mgzavrTa nakadis simciris `moti-viT avtobusis 124 xazidan 36 ga-auqma, 33-s ki marSruti Seumcirda. paralelurad `servisis gaumjo-besebis~ motiviT, municipaluri transportis fasic gaizarda _ avtobusiTa Tu metroTi mgzavroba 40-is nacvlad 50 TeTri gaxda.

am gadawyvetilebis Semdeg mgza-vrTa nakadma dedaqalaqis avtobu-sebSi imata. piki saaTebSi yviTel avtobusebSi, romlebsac arc fan-jrebi eReba da arc saventilacio sistema aqvs, teva ar aris.

gaCerebebze ar aris miTiTebuli avtobusebis ganrigi da maTi moZra-obis cifruli maCveneblebi. metic, Tbilisis gaCerebebidan is sain-formacio abrebic ki gaqra, rom-lebzec avtobusis marSrutebi iyo CamoTvlili. romeli avtobusi mi-dis TqvenTvis sasurveli mimarTu-lebiT, amas gaCerebaze momlodine sxva mgzavrebisgan Tu SeityobT.

ucxoeli, daxmarebis gareSe, Tbi-lisSi saqalaqo transportiT mo-Zraobas ver SeZlebs.

bob jonsi saqarTveloSi naTesa-


mTavari Tema

vebTan Camovida da ramdenime Tvea, TbilisSi cxovrobs, Tumca, sazo-gadoebrivi transportiT TbilisSi arasodes usargeblia: „avtobuse-bi, metro, „marSrutkebi“, CemTvis miuwvdomeli da arakomfortulia, radgan verasodes vxvdebi, sadme wa-svla Tu minda, rogor gamoviyeno,“ _ ambobs bobi.

gauqmebuli xazebis gamo, xSir SemTxvevaSi, Tbiliselebs erTi raionidan meoreSi misasvlelad ramdenime transportis gamocvla uwevT.

„marjaniSvilidan vakeSi wasvla tanjvaa. mxolod erTi avtobusi dadis da isic, mgoni, saaTSi er-Txel. diliT 3-4 avtobusis gaSveba miwevs xolme, iseTi gadavsebule-bia. an ramdenime transporti unda gamovicvalo~, _ ambobs studenti nino gogelia.

erTi barieris gadalaxvis _ avtobusSi asvlis Semdeg axali ga-mowveva iwyeba: bileTis aparatTan miRweva. amis moxerxeba mgzavrma SeiZleba, ramdenime gaCerebis gan-mavlobaSic ver SeZlos.

_ gadaviwioT, Tu SeiZleba, xom aris adgili qalbatono, ras dga-xarT aq!

_ ki magram, Tavze xom ar davaj-debi adamians ! _ es Tbilisis avto-busebis tradiciuli dialogebia.

amasobaSi gaCerebis dro modis da bileTis mosapoveblad mebrZo-lebs „CamsvlelTa“ masa upirispir-

deba. am aurzaurSi ki kontrolio-rebisTvis kidev ufro gaurkveveli rCeba, romelma mgzavrma marTla ver miaRwia aparats bileTis asaRe-bad da romels es, ubralod, arc ucdia.

_ jer ar daZraT! xom ver gadava-frindebi xalxs Tavze.

_ gaaReT kari! _ vaime xeli!_ ver vsunTqav! am dros, avtobusSi damontaJe-

bul Tanamedrove tipis Txel ekra-nebze peizaJebisa da yvavilebis ka-drebi Cans, an musikaluri klipebi uxmod gadis.

vinc axali amosulia da adgi-li avtobusis karebTan Sexvda, ar gaumarTla: didi Sansia, kari rom gaiReba, quCaSi gadavardes. pikis saaTebSi xalxis nakadi imdenad di-dia, rom avtobusSi damontaJebul rkinis moajirebze moWideba saqmes aRar Svelis. Tumca, amis miuxeda-vad, zogi mainc karebTan gaCerebas amjobinebs _ gaCerebebze, karis ga-Rebis dros haeri Semodis da sun-Tqva ioldeba.

TbilisSi sul oTxi saxis sazo-gadoebrivi transportia _ metro, avtobusi, mikroavtobusi da taq-si. aqedan ori municipaluria. e.w. „marSrutkebi“ da taqsebi dRemde kerZo sakuTrebad rCeba.

saqalaqo transporti xSirad xdeba winasaarCevno dapirebebis mTavari Tema. bolo 3 wlis ganma-

vlobaSi TbilisSi, municipaluri avtobusebis marSrutebis raodeno-ba ramdenjerme droebiT gaizarda _ sxvadasxva winasaarCevno kampaniis paralelurad.

magaliTad, 2008 wlis saprezi-dento da saparlamento arCevnebis win meriam avtobusebis ramdenime xazi daamata. 2010 wlis adgilo-brivi arCevnebis dros ki moqmedma merma pensionerebs transportiT sargeblobis SeRavaTebi dauwesa.

„Cveni mizania mosaxleobis ufro swrafi da garantirebuli satrans-porto momsaxurebis uzrunvelyo-fa, rac, pirvel rigSi, aisaxeba marSrutze moZrav Semadgenlobebs Soris intervalebis Semcirebasa da gadaadgilebis saimedoobaze,“ _ ambobs Tbilisis transportis saqalaqo samsaxuris ufrosi akaki joxaZe.

jerjerobiT meriis es deklari-rebuli mizani miuRwevelia. muni-cipaluri transporti konkuren-cias ver uwevs e.w. `marSrutkebs~, romlebic wlebia, Tbilisis yvela-ze popularul transportad rCeba.

samarSruto taqsiT mgzavroba 40-50 TeTri Rirs. maTi raodenoba

weli avtobusi troleibusi tramvai metropoliteni

1990 735 200 000 77 500 000 29 500 000 183 400 0001995 116 200 000 9 700 000 6 200 000 142 200 0002000 235 000 000 16 200 000 7 700 000 105 400 0002005 263 100 000 16 300 000 2 700 000 105 700 000

"marSrutka" metropoliteni avtobusi

127 750 000 91 250 000 67 525 000

mgzavrTa raodenoba transportis calkeuli saxeebis mixedviT mTeli

saqarTvelos masStabiT

Tbilisis transportis saqalaqo samsaxuris monacemebiT 2010 wlis mgzavrTa

raodenoba transportis calkeuli saxeobebis mixedviT

saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli samsaxuris monacemebi

bolo 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi TbilisSi municipaluri avtobusebis raodenoba ramdenjerme droebiT gaizarda


mTavari Tema

mas Semdeg, rac xelisuflebaSi `vardebis

revoluciis~ Sedegad mosuli gundi movida,

dedaqalaqis satransporto infrastruqtura

araerTi eqsperimentisa da cvlilebis obieqti gaxda.

bevrad metia, vidre municipaluri avtobusebis da maTi qseli dedaqa-laqis met raions faravs.

miuxedavad imisa, rom samarS-ruto qselebs ramdenime kompania flobs da TiTqos Sida konkuren-ciac arsebobs, samgzavro pirobebi samarSruto taqsebSi imaze uaresia, vidre municipalur transportSi

`marSrutkebis~ didi nawili mo-Zvelebuli da teqnikurad gaumar-Tavia. mgzavroba arakomfortul-Tan erTad saxifaToc aris, radgan meti sargeblis mizniT, mZRolebs imaze meti mgzavri gadahyavT, vi-dre adgilebis raodenobaa.

2004 wlidan transportis teqni-kuri daTvaliereba mixeil saakaS-vilis piradi iniciativiT gauqmda. Sesabamisad, mas Semdeg arc sazoga-doebrivi transporti mowmdeba da arc kerZo, maT Soris, arc `marS-rutkebi~. usafrTxoebis elementa-rul wesebze arc mZRolebi zruna-ven da arc sxva samsaxurebi.

badri meeqvse welia N128 mikro-avtobusis mZRolia da dReSi daa-xloebiT 9 marSruts akeTebs da 70 kilometrs gadis. is ver ixsenebs raime standarts an SezRudvas, ro-

melsac dedaqalaqis xelisufleba samarSruto taqsebs uyenebs.

`mgzavrebis raodenobas aravin gvizRudavs da maT fexze dayenebas ar gvikrZalaven. zogjer patruli SeniSvnas maZlevs xolme. kari kar-gad iketeba da raime SemTxveva ar mqonia. Tanac, zedmeti mgzavri rom ar waviyvano, araferi damrCeba, isedac kapikebze vmuSaobT~.

Tumca 2011 wlidan meria TamaSis wesebs cvlis. 2004 wels gauqmebu-li teqnikuri daTvaliereba samar-Sruto taqsebisTvis kvlav ZalaSi Semodis da mkacri standartebic wesdeba.

qalaqis mTavrobam `mikroavto-busebis saqalaqo regularul mar-Srutebze mgzavrTa gadayvanis ne-barTvis misaRebi konkursi~ ukve gamoacxada. tenderSi gamarjvebu-lebi pirvel Tebervlamde unda ga-

movlindnen. Tu konkursSi Cadebuli yvela pi-

roba Sesruldeba, gamarjvebulis gamovlenidan zustad erT weliwa-dSi TbilisSi mxolod yviTeli fe-ris, teqnikurad gamarTuli, sufTa, usafrTxoebis evrostandartebTan Sesabamisi mikroavtobusebi imoZra-veben.

am mikroavtobusebSi gadaxdis eleqtronuli sistema iqneba. da-montaJdeba specialuri aRmri-cxvelebi, mgzavrebi fuls igive baraTiT gadaixdian, romelsac mu-nicipaluri transportiT mgzavro-bisas gamoiyeneben.

`gaixseneT, avtobusebze ra amba-vi aagores, aseTi da iseTi iqnebao da Cveulebrivi, Zveli, moryeuli avtobusebia. iseTi savsea, nacemi Camovdivar iqidan. marSrutkebzec ase iqneba albaT, araferi Seicvle-

municipaluri transporti konkurencias ver uwevs e.w. `marSrutkebs~

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ba manqanebis feris garda,~ _ ambobs manana wiklauri.

arasamTavrobo organizacia `Tbi-lisis amqris~ warmomadgeneli da-viT gogiSvili, romelic saqalaqo transportis Temaze aqtiurad mu-Saobs, ambobs, rom mTavari proble-ma gadawyvetilebebis spontanuro-basa da gauazreblobaSia.

`yvela ZiriTad gadawyvetilebas piradad ramdenime adamiani iRebs. xSirad, is rac qalaqis generalur gegmaSi weria, mxolod furcel-ze rCeba. bevri konkretuli gada-wyvetilebis ukan piradi motivacia ikiTxeba. magaliTad, gaugebaria, ratom keTdeba kunZulebi iseT adgilas, sadac ar aris saWiro? magaliTad pekinisa da yazbegis gadakveTaze. eWvi Cndeba, rom am `kunZulebs~ erTi konkretuli kom-

pania akeTebs da mis interesebSia, rac SeiZleba meti `kunZuli~ gake-Tdes,~ _ ambobs daviT gogiSvili.

misi TqmiT, infrastruqturu-li proeqtebis umravlesoba, rom-lebic TbilisSi ganxorcielda an amJamad keTdeba, axlad damtki-cebul generalur gegmaSi ar iyo. `gadawyvetilebebi spontanurad da erTpirovnulad miiReba. am etapze saqarTveloSi mainc piradi biznes Tu sxva raime interesebi ganapi-robebs garkveuli gadawyvetilebis miRebas, amitomac grZelvadiani ga-Tvlebi ar arsebobs.~ _ ambobs go-giSvili.

`rTul adgilebze, gzajvaredi-nebze ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi xdeba dakvirveba. Semdeg specia-listTa jgufi muSaobs da adgens, Tu ra SeiZleba, rom am adgilas

gakeTdes moZraobis gasaumjobese-blad da Semdeg viRebT gadawyveti-lebas.~ _ ambobs akaki joxaZe.

spontanuri gadawyvetilebis erT-erTi magaliTi metroTi mgzavrobis safasuris gadaxdis axali wesebia, romelTa Tanaxmad, metroTi mgza-vrobis erTjeradi Jetonebi aRar moqmedebs da amisTvis orlariani baraTis SeZenaa aucilebeli, romel-zec Semdeg mgzavrobis Tanxa ganTa-vsdeba. es sistema iafi da mosaxerxe-belia maTTvis, vinc regularulad mgzavrobs saqalaqo transportiT, Tumca axali wesi ar iTvaliswinebs maT interesebs, vinc municipaluri transportiT mudmivad ar mgzavro-bs. magaliTad, dedaqalaqis stumars, romelsac SeiZleba mxolod erTxel dasWirdes metroTi mgzavroba, es mogzauroba minimum 2 lari da 50

metroTi mgzavrobis erTjeradi Jetonebi aRar moqmedebs da amisTvis orlariani baraTis SeZenaa aucilebeli

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TeTri daujdeba. Tanac, specialu-ri plastikuri baraTis asaRebad piradobis mowmobaa aucilebeli, romelic SeiZleba im dros Tan ar gqondes. es kidev erTi damatebiTi barieri xdeba municipaluri trans-portiT mgzavrobis msurvelTaTvis. msoflios sxvadasxva qalaqebis erT-erTi yvelaze popularuli da swra-fi transporti TbilisSi reitingiT meore adgilzea.

taqsi erTaderTi transportia, romliTac TbilisSi 24 saaTis gan-mavlobaSia SesaZlebeli mgzavroba. yoveldRiurad TbilisSi aseulo-biT taqsi moZraobs. maTi zusti ricxvi aravin icis, radgan imis-Tvis, rom kerZo avtomobili taqsi gaxdes, mZRols mxolod 12 lariani taqsis niSnis yidva sWirdeba. sxva nebarTva, licenzia, teqnikuri da-

Tvalierebis valdebuleba an raime saxis regulacia, ukve ramdenime we-lia, taqsebisTvis saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs.

`vfiqrob, rom 2011 weli iqneba gar-datexis weliwadi mgzavrTa momsaxu-rebis kuTxiT. yvelafers vakeTebT, rom Tbilisis satransporto momsa-xurebis xarisxi gavzardoT da evro-puli qalaqis momsaxurebis xarisxs mivuaxlovoT~, _ ambobs joxaZe.

Tanamedrove qalaqebis satrans-porto sistemebi zogadad ori ti-pisaa _ `uwyveti moZraoba~ da e.w. `mdgradi mobiloba~.

uwyveti moZraoba satransporto politikis prioriteti dasavleT-Si jer kidev 1950-1970 wlebSi iyo, roca mTavar mizans avtotrans-portis swrafi da daubrkolebeli gadaadgileba warmoadgenda. dRes

aseTi politika moZvelebulad iTv-leba da mxolod SanxaiSi, mexikoSi da kidev ramdenime qalaqSia aqtu-aluri.

dRes evropuli qveynebi satrans-porti ganviTarebis sruliad sxva safexurze arian da prioritetuli `mdgradi mobilobis~ satransporto politikaa, roca qalaqis xelmZRva-neloba Tanabrad iTvaliswinebs yve-la socialuri fenis warmomadgen-lis interess, ise, rom amiT ziani ar miadges garemos da metnaklebad mom-gebianic iyos. ekologiurad sufTa transportis propaganda, fasiani quCebis damkvidreba swored am miz-nis misaRwevi gzebia.

Tbilisis spontanuri satrans-porto politika jer verc uwyvet moZraobas uzrunvelyofs, rom araferi vTqvaT ekologiuri pro-blemebis gadaWraze. tramvais xa-zebis SemoReba, rac 2012 wlisTvis igegmeba, mniSvnelovan gavlenas ver moaxdens im qalaqis ekologiaze, sadac aTasobiT gaumarTavi trans-porti uxarisxo sawvavze muSaobs.

eqspertebi amboben, rom qalaqis biujetidan didi Tanxebi mxolod im monakveTebis gamarTvaze ixarje-ba, romlebic kerZo avtomobilebis-Tvisaa gamosadegi. prioritetulad kerZo avtotransportis moZraobaa miCneuli da fexiT mosiaruleTa da municipaluri transportiT mosargebleTa interesebi nakleba-daa gaTvaliswinebuli. magaliTad, gmirTa moedani-TamaraSvilis ma-gistrali. xSirad gza safexmavlo zonis xarjze farTovdeba, trotu-arebze ki avtomobilebis sadgomebi ewyoba.

2011 weli mgzavrTa momsaxurebis kuTxiT marTlac gardamtexi gaxde-ba, Tu gaCerebaze mdgom mgzavrebs ecodinebaT, ramden xanSi mova maTi avtobusi, Tu gldanidan vakemde mgzavrobas saaTnaxevars ar moan-domeben, Tu sxvis kalTaSi ar imgzavreben an transportidan da-lurjebulebi ar Camovlen.

2011 wlidan, meria TamaSis wesebs cvlis. 2004 wels

gauqmebuli teqnikuri daTvaliereba samarSruto

taqsebisTvis kvlav ZalaSi Semodis da mkacri

standartebic wesdeba.

taqsi erTaderTi transportia, romliTac TbilisSi 24 saaTis ganmavlobaSia SesaZlebeli mgzavroba


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maestro 3bolo 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi, `maestro~ mesamed dadga daxurvis safrTxis winaSe.

amjerad mizezi menejmentis SigniT dapirispirebaa.

nana sajaia

22 dekembers, saRamos 9 saaTze, roca `maestros~ TanamSromlebi jer kidev elodnen orTviani saxelfaso davalianebis saaxalwlod anazRaure-bas, arxis generalurma direqtorma _ kaxa beqaurma isini TaTbirze daibara. `maestros~ TanamSromlebma, romel-Tagan umetesoba uStato korespon-dentia, pirvelad am TaTbirze gaiges, rom beqauri, mflobelebTan SeTanx-mebiT, reorganizaciis gamocxadebas apirebda. ukve diliT arxi gaiTiSe-

boda da televizorSi, `maestros~ nacvlad Cabnelebuli ekrani, warwe-riT `reorganizacia~ Svidi saaTidan gaCndeboda.

generalurma direqtorma TanamS-romlebs ar daumala, rom `maestro~ finansuri problemebis gamo iTiSebo-da. xelmZRvanelis gancxadebaSi tele-viziis personalisTvis axali araferi yofila. sainformacio samsaxuris 40-mde TanamSromeli, ukve karga xania, isedac enTuziazmze muSaobs.

beqaurs TanamSromlebTan finan-suri problemebis gamomwvev mizeze-bze arc manamde da arc 22 dekembris TaTbirze usaubria, arc saxelfaso davalianebebi uxsenebia da arc is daukonkretebia, Tu rodisTvis da rogor apireben problemebis mogva-rebas.

samagierod, Jurnalistebs ganucxa-da, rom arxis gaTiSvis oficialur mizezad is sajaro gancxadebaSi teq-nikur problemas daasaxelebda, rad-

telekompania `maestros~ saeTero studia, ianvari 2011

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ganac `maestro~ valdebulia, komu-nikaciebis maregulirebel komisias gaTiSvis mizezi dausabuTos.

TaTbirze TanamSromlebs dahpird-nen, rom Tu rame Seicvleboda, dau-rekavdnen, manamde ki SeeZloT, sxva telearxebiT enaxaT beqauris meore dRisTvis daniSnuli preskonferen-cia.

marTlac, meore dRes, `maestro-elebma~, danarCeni telemayureblis msgavsad, sxva arxebze moismines maTi-ve generaluri direqtoris satele-vizio gancxadeba.

`jer verafers getyviT, SeiZle-ba, erTi dRiT; SeiZleba, ufro didi xniT SevaCeroT muSaoba~, _ ambobda beqauri, mas ar daukonkretebia, ra-tom gaxda saWiro teqnikuri saxis profilaqtikuri samuSaoebis Cata-reba.

ori dRis Semdeg maestrom~ mauwye-bloba aRadgina, TanamSromlebs ki noembris davalianeba gaustumres. arxis generalurma direqtorma erTi kviris Semdeg morigi brifingi ga-marTa da problemebSi telekompa-nia `maestros~ mmarTveli kompania _ `rusTavis mediis marTvis kompania~ da misi damfuZnebeli, erosi kiwma-riSvili daadanaSaula.

am gancxadebis gakeTebis Semdeg be-qaurma generaluri direqtoris Ta-namdeboba datova. rogorc Tavad am-bobs, arxidan wasvliT man `maestros~ SesaZlo kolapsi aacila Tavidan: èrosim pirdapir miTxra, Sen waxval, gaixsneba finansebi, Tu arada, arxs TviTon mixedeT~.

beqauris TqmiT, konfliqti massa da kiwmariSvils Soris saredaqcio politikaSi kiwmariSvilis Carevis survilma gamoiwvia:

ìcvleboda misi damokidebuleba `maestros~ damoukidebeli sareda-qcio politikis mimarT, sul ufro meti pretenziebi hqonda siuJetebze, romelic eTerSi gadioda, stumrebze iqneboda es, Tu kiTxvebze. rogorc yvela politikosi, erosi televizias uyurebs ara rogorc miukerZoebel

da damoukidebeli saredaqcio po-litikis ganmxorcielebels, aramed rogorc politikuri piaris gamtare-bel samsaxurs. man miTxra, rom `rus-Tavi-2~ da ìmedi~ emsaxureba mixeil saakaSvils, amitom `maestro~ maTi sawinaaRmdego unda gamxdariyo~, _ ixsenebs beqauri.

erosi kiwmariSvilis nacvlad be-qauris braldebebs kiwmariSvilis `qarTulma partiam~ gancxadebiT upa-suxa. partiis informaciiT, kiwmariS-vili `maestros~ marTvaSi bolo cxra Tvis ganmavlobaSi ar monawileobda:

èrosi kiwmariSvili telekompa-niis sainformacio muSaobaSi ara-nairi formiT ar Careula da arc ereva. `qarTuli partiis~ yvela li-derisTvis, maT Soris, erosi kiwma-riSvilisTvis principulad mniSvne-lovania gamoxatvis Tavisufleba da Jurnalistebis saredaqcio damouki-debloba. partias miuReblad miaCnia politikuri brZolis iaraRad media-saSualebebis gamoyeneba~, _ weria gan-cxadebaSi.

kiwmariSvilis saxelma `maestros-Tan~ mimarTebaSi pirvelad 2009 wlis noemberSi gaiJRera, roca ar-xis erT-erTma damfuZnebelma mamuka Rlontma erosi kiwmariSvilTan Tana-mSromlobaze ganacxada. usaxsrobis gamo, daxurvis piras myofi televi-ziis damfuZnebeli maSin ambobda, rom mTavari faqtori kiwmariSvilis mene-jeruli gamocdileba iyo.

`maestros~ damfuZneblebisa da kiwmariSvilis molaparakebebis Sede-gad telekompania marTvaSi kiwmariS-vilis Sps `rusTavis mediis marTvis kompanias~ samwliani vadiT gadaeca.

mmarTvel kompanias da `maestros~ erTad unda emuSavaT sastarto kapi-talis povnaze, romelic `maestros~ ganviTarebis saSualebas miscemda da daexmareboda, arxi TviTdafinanseba-ze 2012 wlidan gadasuliyo. am miz-nis misaRwevad 2010 wlis gazafxulze mmarTvelma kompaniam generalur di-reqtorad kaxa beqauri waradgina.

beqauris TqmiT, arxis miukerZo-

eblobis da damoukideblobis ga-rantad swored finansuri damou-kidebloba warmoedgina: `sxva yvela SemTxvevaSi, is ganwirulia poli-tikuri interesebis gatarebisTvis, adre Tu gvian is gaxdeba mxare~, _ acxadebs dRes beqauri.

misi gadadgomis Semdeg, arxis erT-erTma damfuZnebelma, mamuka Rlont-ma ganacxada, rom daiwyo mmarTvel kompaniasTan kontraqtis gawyvetis procesi da valdebulebebis Sesas-ruleblad mas 14-dRiani vada mis-ca: `kategoriulad winaaRmdegi var, erosi kiwmariSvili darCes marTvaSi, erTaderTi mizezis gamo: ar vendobi kompanias, romelmac televizia erT kviraSi orjer miiyvana gamorTvis pi-ramde~, _ ambobda ianvris dasawyisSi Rlonti. is aseve ambobda, rom Tu 14 dRis vadaSi kiwmariSvilis `rusTavis mediis marTvis kompania~ `maestros~ winaSe arsebul finansur davaliane-bas ar dafaravda, Semdgomi 3 Tvis ganmavlobaSi kontraqti gauqmdeboda da saqme sasamarTloSi gadainacvle-bda.

Tumca beqauris televiziidan wa-mosvlis Semdeg `maestros~ mmarTvel kompaniasTan urTierToba ar gauwyve-tia da molaparakebebis Sedegad axal generalur direqtorze _ baCo kika-biZeze SeTanxmdnen.

generalur direqtorobamde kika-biZe arxis aRmasrulebeli direqtori iyo, magram ambobs, rom mis movale-obebSi mxolod teqnikuri sakiTxebi Sedioda da arc arxis menejmentSi ar ereoda da arc finansur proble-mebze smenia rame beqauris sajaro gancxadebamde: kiTxvaze, Tu rodis daiwyo `maestroSi~ finansuri pro-blemebi, kikabiZe ase pasuxobs: `mas Semdeg, rac gamovida generaluri di-reqtori. me ar viyavi saqmis kursSi, ar vereodi marTvaSi da problemebs ver vxedavdi~.

kikabiZis TqmiT, konsultaciebis Sedegad mxareebi im vadebze SeTan-xmdnen, romelSic mmarTvelma kompa-niam valdebulebebi unda Seasrulos


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da davalianebebi dafaros, Tumca konkretul vadebs ar asaxelebs.

imis miuxedavad, rom mmarTvelma kompaniam `maestros~ werilobiT mi-marTa da generaluri direqtoris Tanamdebobidan beqauris gaTavisu-flebis sakiTxis ganxilva mosTxo-va, generaluri direqtoris Secvlas Rlonti kompromisad ar miiCnevs. misi TqmiT, kompromisi iqneboda, Tu beqau-ris nacvlad direqtorad `gaurkve-veli pirovneba~ movidoda, niusrumi da prodiuserebi ki Seicvlebodnen: `piriqiT, me vfiqrob, didi kompro-misi dauSva mmarTvelma kompaniam. ra kompromisi? kaxa erosis kandidatura iyo~.

Rlontis TqmiT, es beqaurs da kiwmariSvils Soris pirovnuli kon-fliqti iyo, romelic an unda mo-gvarebuliyo, an saqme sasamarTlom-de misuliyo da `maestro~ saerTod daxuruliyo. molodini ki sxva iyo _ erosi kiwmariSvilis misvlis Semdeg, 2010 wlis gazafxulidan arxze mniS-vnelovani cvlilebebi unda dawyebu-liyo.

`balansi rom demokratiulobis ganmsazRvreli iyos, maSin kanonSi iq-neboda Setanili. vis ra proporciiT vaCveneb, amas Cemi biznesi mkarnaxobs~ _ ambobda mamuka Rlonti jer kidev

2009 wels. marTlac, 2007 wlis noem-bris Semdeg, xelisuflebis politi-kiT ukmayofilo da alternatiuli informaciis maZiebeli mayurebeli `maestrom~ swored sakuTari radi-kaluri poziciiT moxibla. arxs yve-laze meti mayurebeli maSin hyavda, roca eTerSi gadacema `sakani #5~ gadioda. araordinaluri realiTi-Sous wamyvani `ucnobi~ maSin sazoga-doebis nawilisTvis opoziciis bevr warmomadgenelze ufro popularul da Zlier figurad iqca. `sakanma~ 11 Tves iarseba. am periodis ganmavlo-baSi gia gaCeCilaZesTan paemanze 500 stumari mivida.

axalma menejmentma `maestros~ axa-li gegmebi dausaxa. mTavari miznebi mayureblis diversifikacia, pro-blematuri sakiTxebis obieqturi da amomwuravi gaSuqeba da finansuri da-moukidebloba gaxda.

sando sainformacio programirebis miRwevis mizniT, axali menejmentis gadawyvetilebiT, 2010 wlidan `dro-ebiT~ Sewyvetili `sakani~ daixura, niusrumis muSaoba regularuli da metad dabalansebuli gaxda.

Tumca, rogorc Jurnalisti zviad qoriZe ambobs, mas Semdeg, rac arxis Sinaarsi Seicvala, televizia nakle-bad eqspresiuli gaxda. `maestrom~

radikalurad ganwyobili mayureble-bis didi nawili dakarga, axali ki ver SeiZina.

damkvirvebelTa nawilis azriT, amis mizezi zedmetad inertuli, uin-tereso sainformacio programireba gaxda. `rTuli saTqmelia, SeZlo Tu ara arxma raime mniSvnelovani Temis wamoweva, romelic SeiZleboda, ga-mxdariyo sazogadoebis seriozuli gansjis sagani~, ambobs zviad qoriZe.

axla `maestros~ momavali imaze gaurkvevelia, vidre es 2009 wels iyo. yofili Tanamoazreebis _ vis er-Tobliv muSaobasac `maestro~ maRali Jurnalisturi standartebis, Zlier telearxad unda eqcia, mTavar saqmia-nobad erTmaneTTan urTierTobebisa da angariSebis sajaro garkveva iqca.

erosi kiwmariSvili acxadebs, rom misi politikaSi wasvlis Semdeg `maes-tros~ saqmianobaSi ar Careula. mamuka Rlonts ki erosi kiwmariSvilTan mo-laparakeba ar surs, radgan mas ar en-doba~. kiTxvaze _ ratom? Rlonti ase pasuxobs: `cudi sizmari vnaxe~.

maestros mflobelis TqmiT, man mmarTvel kompanias bolo Sansi misca. es ki, SesaZloa, Tavad `maestrosTvi-sac~ TviTgamorkvevis da damoukide-bel mediad Camoyalibebis bolo San-sad iqces.

telekompania `maestros~ samontaJo, ianvari 2011

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axla `maestros~

momavali imaze

gaurkvevelia, vidre es

2009 wels iyo. yofili

Tanamoazreebis

mTavar saqmianobad

erTmaneTTan

urTierTobebisa da

angariSebis sajaro

garkveva iqca.


obieqturi informaciis nakleboba 2008 wlis ruseT-saqarTvelos omis nawili gaxda. erTi mxriv, samxreT kavkasia da gansakuTrebiT ki, saqarTvelo saerTa-Soriso sazogadoebis yuradRebis centrSi moeqca. ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris omi warmoadgenda tests ara mxolod saqarTvelos gardamavali mdgo-mareobisaTvis, aramed dasavleTis dedaqalaqebis, ev-rokavSirisa da natos SesaZleblobebisaTvis, emoqme-daT gadamwyvetad. maSin, rodesac samxreT kavkasia wamyvani saerTaSoriso gazeTebis mTavar gverdebze yoveldRiuri Tema gaxda, omma aseve gavlena moaxdi-na mediaze ruseTsa da saqarTveloSi. vercerTma mxa-rem ver moaxerxa obieqturi informaciis miwodeba da analizi, iyenebda ra Jurnalistur Setyobinebas, rogorc instruments eskalaciisaTvis.

mTlianobaSi regionSi mzard interesTa da informa-ciis xelmisawvdomobas Soris disbalansi arsebobs. garda ruseT-saqarTvelos omis negatiuri gavlenisa, regionis eqspertebi geografiul izolaciasac gan-icdian. Caketiloba mTebsa da zRvebs Soris, arasak-marisi frenebi maT dasavleT evropisa da `aRmosav-leTis samezoblo~ qveynebSi arsebuli diskursebis miRma tovebs. swored es gaxlavT kavkasiis analiti-kuri daijestis arsi: is miznad isaxavs samxreT kavka-siaSi, aseve saerTaSoriso arenaze arsebuli infor-maciis naklebobis aRmofxvras.

hainrih biolis fondis samxreT kavkasiis ofisis konkretul mizans regionis eqspertebTan, gansa-kuTrebiT ki axalgazrda eqspertebTan TanamSrom-loba warmoadgens, raTa maT mieceT SesaZlebloba, gamoaqveynon sakuTari namuSevrebi dasavleTSi, rac, amavdroulad, xels Seuwyobs am qveynebSi demokra-tiuli transformaciis gaZlierebasa da evrostruq-turebSi integracias. warmateba, romelic kavkasiis

analitikur daijests saerTaSoriso interesis gaR-vivebisaTvis misi gamocemis pirveli ori wlis ganma-vlobaSi xvda wilad, kargi niSania. swored amgvarma warmatebam waaxalisa daijestis redaqtorebi, Jur-nalis nawili qarTulad eTargmnaT, gamoeyenebinaT Cveni fondis arsebuli TanamSromloba `liberal-Tan~, daebeWdaT SerCeuli statiebi da isini Jurnal `liberalis~ meSveobiT farTo sazogadoebisaTvis gaecnoT.

samxreT kavkasiis analizis erT-erTi strategiuli moTxovna CarTulobis saWiroeba, perspeqtivebis qo-naa ara mxolod somxeTidan, azerbaijanidan da saqa-rTvelodan, aramed mTiani yarabaxis, samxreT oseTi-sa da afxazeTis sami araRiarebuli erTeulebidanac (rogorc analizis subieqtebisa). Cveni CarTulobis kredos xazgasasmelad, magram yovelgvari politi-kuri datvirTvis gareSe, Jurnalis pirvel gverdze gamosaxuli ruka moniSnavs samxreT kavkasiuri qvey-nebis oficialur saxelmwifo sazRvrebs mTliani xazebiT, xolod araRiarebuli respublikebis saz-Rvrebs wyvetili xazebiT.

kavkasiis analitikur daijests mxars uWers redaq-torTa konsorciumi, romelic xazs usvams evropul da amerikul interesebs samxreT kavkasiaSi. Temebi-sa da avtorebis SerCevisas kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti eTmoba analitikur da politikur dis-kurss. statiebi gamoxataven avtorebis pirad mosaz-rebebs.

doqtor iris kempehainrih biolis fondis

samxreT kavkasiuri ofisis direqtori

www.boell.gewww.res.ethz.chwww.laender-analysen.deresourcesecurityinstitute.org

1 kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti

didi ojaxi soxumSidavibade 1949 wels TbilisSi. Cemi mSoblebi ukanon-od represirebuli ojaxebidan iyvnen (mogvianebiT orive ojaxi reabilitirebul iqna). albaT, swored amitom bneli 1937 wlis Sesaxeb adreuli asakidanve vicodi da ojaxebSi uSiSroebis warmomadgenlebis RamiT SemoWris, dapatimrebebisa da patimrebis mier gadatanili tanjvis Sesaxeb ambebic gagonili mqon-da. sadamsjelo organoebi mTel saqarTvelosa da afxazeTSi ukiduresi sisastikiT moqmedebdnen. maT, faqtobrivad, gaanadgures mosaxleobis saukeTeso fenebi, gansakuTrebiT ki, inteligencia. analogi-uri situacia iyo sabWoTa kavSiris sxva regionebSic. 20-ian da 30-ian wlebSi saxelmwifos mier xalxisaT-vis miyenebulma zianma momavalSi sazogadoebis gan-viTarebaze ukiduresad uaryofiTi gavlena iqonia. mis Sedegebs postsabWoTa periodSic ki vgrZnobT.

Cemi didi papis, mefis armiis gadamdgari pod-polkovnikis taras anCabaZis didi ojaxi afxazeTis dedaqalaq soxumSi cxovrobda. taras zurabis Zesa da mis meuRles, mariam nikolozis asul dadians (es ukanaskneli saqvelmoqmedo organizaciis `qarTvel-Ta Soris wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoe-bis~ soxumis ganyofilebis Tavmjdomared muSaobis wyalobiT cnobili sazogado moRvawe gaxda) eqvsi vaJi da erTi qaliSvili hyavdaT. ufrosma vaJma, va-

lerianma, elizavetgradis kavaleriis skola daam-Tavra, ruseTis armiaSi imsaxura da kapitnis wodebas miaRwia. is I msoflio omSi monawileobda, Semdeg ki axlad Seqmnil qarTul jarSic msaxurobda. qarTul jarSi msaxurobdnen, agreTve, umcrosi vaJebi _ va-leriani (CiCi), vladimeri (ladi) da nikoloz anCaba-Zeebi.

vianor anCabaZis moRvaweoba medicinis sferoSipapaCemma, vianor tarasis Ze anCabaZem, 1908 wels war-CinebiT daamTavra Tbilisis vaJTa pirveli gimnazia, umaRlesi ganaTleba ki sankt-peterburgis saimper-atoro samxedro samedicino akademiaSi miiRo. aka-demiis damTavrebis Semdeg (1914 wels) jarSi gaiwvies da 1918 wlamde sxvadasxva samxedro kampaniaSi monaw-ileobda. I msoflio omis dros vianor anCabaZem eqi-mad daiwyo muSaoba. polkis ufros eqimad da gaer-Tianebuli hospitlis mTavar eqimad muSaobis dros samagaliTo samedicino momsaxurebas uwevda jaris-kacebsa da oficrebs, yuradRebiani da saTuTi mid-gomiT gamoirCeoda avadmyofi jariskacebisadmi. misi piradi magaliTi sxvebisaTvisac misabaZi iyo. vianor anCabaZes Wriloba da sami samxedro ordeni hqonda miRebuli.

masobrivi terori sabWoTa kavSirSi: erTi ojaxis ambavi

giorgi anCabaZe, Tbilisi

sabWoTa kavSirSi mmarTvelobis sistemad damkvidrebuli masobrivi teroris Sesaxeb bevri daiwera,

Tumca umniSvnelovanes sakiTxebze, romlebic momavalSi Seswavlis sagani unda gaxdes, pasuxi jer

gacemuli ar aris. 1917 wels bolSevikebis xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg dawyebuli uprecedento

represiebi 1953 wlamde gagrZelda da sabWoTa kavSiris TiTqmis mTel mosaxleobas Seexo. politikuri

niSniT daxvretili Tu dapatimrebuli, etapirebis dros, banakebSi Tu gadasaxlebaSi, Zaladobis,

SimSilisa Tu siRatakis gamo daRupuli adamianebis ricxvis amsaxveli statistikuri monacemebis

ukan konkretuli pirebisa da ojaxebis bed-iRbali imaleba. ambebi sabWoTa saxelmwifo terorizms

msxverplad Sewiruli calkeuli adamianebis tragikuli bedis Sesaxeb politikuri represiebis bunebis

arsis wvdomaSi `mSral~ statistikaze naklebad rodi gvSvelis. XX saukunis 30-iani wlebis masobrivi

teroris istorias saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialistur respublikasa da mis SemadgenlobaSi Semaval

afxazeTis avtonomiur respublikaSi am statiis avtori Tavisive ojaxis magaliTze aRwers.


kavkasiis frontis daSlis Semdeg polki, romelSic papaCemi msaxurobda, azerbaijanSi gadaiyvanes, iq ki 1918 wlis zafxulSi qolera mZvinvarebda. vianor anCabaZem epidemiis winaaRmdeg brZolaSic miiRo monawileoba da yarabaRSi qoleriT daavadebulTa barakebis mowyobisaTvis azerbaijanis musavaturi mTavrobisagan oficialurad jildoc miiRo. 1918 wlis bolos vianor tarasis Ze afxazeTSi dabrunda da dauyovnebliv CaerTo gudauTis raionSi espanuri gripis epidemiis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi.

1919 wlis TebervalSi is soxumis olqis eqimad dain-iSna, xolo imave wlis aprilSi _ afxazeTis komis-ariatis jandacvis departamentis xelmZRvanelad. am periodSive daqorwinda keTilSobili warmomavlobis qalze, vera andrias asul Sengelaiaze. maT ori Svili eyolaT _ vaJi zurabi (mamaCemi) da qaliSvili irina.

profesiiT muSaobasTan erTad papaCemi socialur da politikur sferoebSic moRvaweobda, iyo afxa-zeTis erTa sabWosa da afxazeTis saxalxo sabWos wevri da saqarTvelos socialisturi revoluciuri partiis mxardamWeri. rogorc afxazeTis sakonsti-tucio komitetis wevri wargzavnil iqna TbilisSi, sadac 1918-1921 wlebis saqarTvelos damoukidebeli saxelmwifos meTaurs _ noe Jordaniasa da mTavrobis sxva wevrebs Sexvda.

afxazeTis gasabWoeba1921 wlis TebervalSi sabWoTa ruseTi saqarTvelos respublikaSi SemoiWra. bolSevikebis winaaRmdeg samxedro operaciebSi taras anCabaZis oTxi Svili monawileobda. tarasis Svilebs Soris gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia valerian anCabaZe, romelic afxazeTSi qarTuli dajgufebis meTauris moadgile iyo. soxu-mis dasavleTiT gamarTul ariergardul brZoleb-Si is wiTeli armiis me-9 qvedanayofis winaaRmdeg ibrZoda da dajgufebis ZiriTad Zalebs aRmosavle-Tisken ukandaxevis saSualeba misca. daiRupa gumis-Tis xidTan, sadac SemdgomSi, postsabWoTa periodis 1992-1993 wlebSi, qarTul-afxazuri SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis ZiriTadi frontis xazi gadioda.

afxazeTis gasabWoebis Semdeg gamocxadda afxaze-Tis damoukidebeli sabWoTa socialisturi respub-lika, romelic ramdenime Tvis Semdeg xelSekrulebis safuZvelze saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialistur re-spublikas SeuerTda, Tumca 1931 wels afxazeTma `xelSekrulebiTi~ statusi dakarga da saqarTvelos ssr SemadgenlobaSi avtonomiur respublikad iqca. es statusi mas sabWoTa kavSiris daSlamde SemorCa.

sabWoTa xelisuflebis pirvel wlebSi afxazeTSi

mniSvnelovani dramatuli movlenebi ar ganviTareb-ula. sazogadoebis araproletaruli fenebis mimarT xelisufleba `gonivrulad frTxil~ politikas at-arebda. afxazeTis xelisufleba nestor lakobas xelmZRvanelobiT afxazeTis soflebs koleqtiv-izaciisa da èqspropriaciisagan~ SeZlebisdagvarad icavda. axali ekonomikuri politikis (nep-is) fonze cxovrebis done afxazeTSi TandaTanobiT umjobes-deboda. am pirobebSi afxazeTis TiTqmis mTelma in-teligenciam axal xelisuflebasTan TanamSromloba daiwyo, radgan ukeTesi momavlis imedi gauCndaT. vianor anCabaZe, romelic im dros afxazeTis ku-rortebis makontrolebel organos edga saTaveSi, afxazeTis kurortebis aRorZinebisaken mimarTul RonisZiebebs xelmZRvanelobda. ès mZime dro iyo, _ aRniSnavs Tavis naSromSi profesori kuprava. _ ar hyofnidaT medicinis muSakebi, aparatura, wamlebi. am Znelbedobis Jams v. anCabaZem sanatoriumebisa da sakurorto infrastruqturis aRdgenisa da ganviTa-rebis saqmeSi qmedunarianoba da udidesi energia ga-moamJRavna. dauRalavi SromiT man mokle droSi mniS-vnelovan warmatebebs miaRwia~. mogvianebiT vianor tarasis Zem profesiuli kariera afxazeTis jan-dacvis saxalxo komisris Tanamdebobaze ganagrZo. am Tanamdebobaze is orjer muSaobda _ 1928-1930 da 1932-1937 wlebSi. im drois saqarTveloSi is erTad-erTi upartio saxalxo komisari iyo.

saxli, romelSic vianor anCabaZe Tavis ojaxTan er-Tad cxovrobda, afxazeTis centraluri aRmasrule-beli komitetis Tavmjdomaris, nestor apolonis Ze lakobas saxlis gverdiT idga. lakobasa da anCabaZes erTmaneTisadmi gansakuTrebiT Tbili damokideb-uleba ar hqoniaT (pirveli `Zveli revolucioneri~ iyo, meore ki _ yofili elitis warmomadgeneli), Tumca urTierTobebi maT Soris sruliad normaluri iyo. vianor anCabaZe mTavrobis wevri iyo, mTavrobas ki nestor lakoba xelmZRvanelobda. amas garda, maTi Svilebi _ zurab anCabaZe da rauf lakoba _ ganuyre-li megobrebi iyvnen, erT skolaSi swavlobdnen da, mraval sxva soxumel axalgazrdasTan erTad, mTel dReebs erTad atarebdnen.

sabWoTa xelisuflebasTan TanamSromloba vianor anCabaZis umcrosma Zmebmac daiwyes. kerZod, ukve naxsenebi varlami da vladimeri àfxazeTis wiTel armiaSi~ msaxurobdnen (“xelSekrulebiT respub-likas~ Tavisi razmi hyavda). rogorc cnobilia, 20-ian wlebSi sabWoTa kavSirSi profesionali samx-edroebi jer kidev ar iyvnen, amitom yofili ofi-crebi da generlebi SeiaraRebul ZalebSi samxedro eqspertebad ahyavdaT. sxvaTa Soris, wiTeli armiis afxazeTis sakavalerio polks bebiaCemis Zma, varlam Sengelaia xelmZRvanelobda. is warsulSi gvardiis


oficeri iyo da bolSevikebis winaaRmdeg jer deniki-nis moxaliseTa armiis, Semdeg ki saqarTvelos armiis rigebSi ibrZoda.

moaxloebuli terorimagram es mSvidobiani atmosfero didxans ar SenarCu-nebula. moaxloebuli safrTxis aSkara niSnebi 20-iani wlebis bolos gamoCnda. dasavleli mecnierebi `did terors~ sabWoTa kavSirSi 1937-1938 wlebis sisxlian movlenebs uwodeben, radgan stalinis represiebma piks swored im wlebSi miaRwia, Tumca represiebi 20-iani wlebis bolosa da 30-iani wlebis dasawyisSi, ZaldatanebiTi koleqtivizaciisa da daCqarebuli in-dustrializaciis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miRebis Semdeg daiwyo.

am periodSi reJimma Tavisi mxecuri saxe afxazeT-Sic gamoaCina, xolo 1937 wlis dadgomasTan erTad represiebma avtonomiur respublikaSi sistematuri da ganuwyveteli saxe miiRo. yvelaferi nestor la-kobas sikvdiliT daiwyo. is 1936 wlis dekemberSi TbilisSi gaurkvevel viTarebaSi daiRupa.

lakoba soxumSi didi pativiT dakrZales, Tumca daax-loebiT erTi Tvis Semdeg xalxis mtrad gamocxadda. misi cxedari saflavidan amoiRes da gaanadgures. represiebSi moyvnen nestorTan daaxloebuli pire-bic: ojaxis wevrebi (deda, coli da Svili), naTesave-bi, kolegebi da megobrebi... didi teroris borbali afxazeTSi mTeli siswrafiT datrialda.

dakiTxvebi da dapatimrebebirepresirebul `lakobistTa~ Svilebi dapatimrebul arasrulwlovanTa Soris gansakuTrebul jgufs qm-nidnen. eseni iyvnen nestoris Svili raufi da mamaCe-mis sxva megobrebi da nacnobebi _ Tengiz da kukuSa lakobebi, koka inal-ifa... 1937 wels es biWebi 14-16 wlis iyvnen, magram komunisturi partiis erT-erTi lideris winaaRmdeg teroristuli aqtis mosawyobad kontrrevoluciuri da teroristuli axalgazrdu-li jgufis Seqmna edebodaT bralad.

`axalgazrda teroristebis~ saqmesTan dakavSirebiT Sinagan saqmeTa saxalxo komisariatSi (nkvd) maT me-gobrebs, klaselebs, maswavleblebsa da sxva pirebs ibarebdnen. dakiTxvaze zurab anCabaZec gamoiZaxes.

mamaCemis Sesaxeb mogonebebSi am faqts profesori julieta ruxaZe ase aRwers: `dakiTxvis dawyebis win gamomZiebelma ujridan revolveri amoiRo, xelSi xazgasmiT SeaTamaSa, magidaze dado da SekiTxvebis dasma daiwyo. zurabis pasuxebi saocrad gabeduli iyo. uSiSroebis warmomadgenlebs man ganucxada, rom braldebuli axalgazrdebi misi megobrebi iyvnen, ma-gram maTi antisabWoTa saqmianobis Sesaxeb araferi icoda. zurabma xazgasmiT ganacxada, rom mosazreba antisabWoTa axalgazrduli organizaciis arsebobis Sesaxeb arasworad miaCnda. nkvd-s kedlebSi 17 wlis biWis amgvari saqcieli gmirobis tolfasi iyo. ga-momZiebelma yvelaferi guldasmiT Caiwera. dakiTx-vis oqmi ramdenime gverdi gamovida, bolo gverdze ki sul ramdenime striqoni ewera. gamomZiebelma Ses-Tavaza xeli gverdis boloSi moewera. zurabi mixvda, rom Tu xels gamomZieblis mier miTiTebul adgilas moawerda, darCenil nawils mogvianebiT TavianTi survilis mixedviT Seavsebdnen, amitom mTeli gver-di xelmoweriT Seavso. gamomZiebelma sarkastulad gaiRima da hkiTxa: `ra, ukve Zalian gamocdili xar?~

rauf lakoba da terorizmSi braldebuli sxva axal-gazrdebi cixeSi srulwlovanebis miRwevamde amyofes, Semdeg ki ararsebuli organizaciis wevrobisaTvis gaasamarTles. mogvianebiT yvela daxvrites.

represiebi afxazeTSiamasobaSi represiebma afxazeTSi sazareli formebi miiRo. miunxenis ssrk istoriisa da kulturis in-stitutma Tavisi `gazeTis~ 1951 wlis pirvel nomer-Si afxazeTSi 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi (10-iani wlebis bolodan 30-iani wlebis bolomde) mimdinare movle-nebis Sesaxeb s. danilovis mogonebebi gamoaqveyna. am mogonebebSi 1937-38 wlebis movlenebicaa aRwerili: `erT-erTi dawesebulebis xelmZRvanelis dapatim-rebis Semdeg `cxadi gaxda~, rom mTeli organizacia,

foto: giorgi a

nCabaZe

anCabaZeebis ojaxi 1919 wels. marcxnidan marjvniv dganan:

nikolozi, valeriani, tatiana, vianori da giorgi; sxedan:

mariam nikolozis asuli, taras zurabis Ze da vera Sengelaia;

win: varlami da vladimeri.


romelsac is xelmZRvanelobda, `xalxis mtrebiT iyo gaZeZgili~. aSkara iyo, rom `sarevelebisa~ da `xalxis mtrebis~ daundobeli wmenda dauyovnebliv daiwyeboda. uklebliv yvela daapatimres _ partiisa da komkavSiris wevrebi, upartioebi, specialistebi, mecnierebi, Jurnalistebi, vaWrobis sferos muSakebi (maT Soris, gamyidvelebic). soflebSi daapatimres inteligenciis yvela warmomadgeneli _ yofili mi-waTmflobelebi, mdidari glexebi da afxazeTis yo-fil mTavrobasTan raime kavSiris mqone adamianebi. yvela dapatimrebuli, ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, Crdilo-eTis regionebSi gadaasaxles da sakoncentracio banakebSi mimoweris uflebis gareSe moaTavses.

sapatimroebi da soxumis cixe gadatvirTuli iyo. danaSaulis àRiarebis~ Semdeg Catarebuli mikerZoe-buli dakiTxvis Semdeg patimrebi masobrivad gadahy-avdaT TbilisSi, sadac cudi saxelis mqone metexis cixeSi saSinel pirobebSi amyofebdnen, Tumca dap-atimrebulTa umetesobas iqve, afxazeTSi xvretdnen. drandis monasteri specialurad gadakeTda, rom ufro meti patimari dateuliyo~.

amis Semdeg danilovi afxazuri inteligenciis beds aRwers da piradad Cems papasac axsenebs: `gansa-kuTrebuli represiebi daatyda Tavs mcirericxo-van axalgazrda afxazur inteligencias, _ werda danilovi. _ isini TiTqmis mTlianad daxoces. eqim anCabaZis ambavi mTel am epoqas gansakuTrebiT kar-gad axasiaTebs...~

papaCemis bedinkvd-m vianor anCabaZe 1937 wlis 10 dekembers daap-atimra. mis binaSi uSiSroebis mier mowyobili Cxreka qurdobiT damTavrda. raime Rirebulebis mqone nivTe-bi (maT Soris, saSinao mowyobiloba, magaliTad, sa-keravi manqanebi) maT CanTebSi Caawyves da erT oTax-Si gadaitanes, oTaxi ki daluqes. Semdeg avtomanqana moiyvanes da mTeli `naalafari~ waiRes. ramdenadac vici, CamorTmeuli nivTebi uSiSroebis TanamSromlebs dabal fasebSi mihyides, Tumca gamomZieblebma raRac nivTebi TavianTTvisac waiRes. zurabma SeamCnia, rogor Sevida samzareuloSi uSiSroebis oficeri qiSmiSevi, Tafliani finjnidan vercxlis kovzi amoiRo, erT xans finjans zemoT eWira, rom Tafli Sig CaRvriliyo, Sem-deg kovzi gazeTis naglejiT gawminda da jibeSi Caido.

male daapatimres vera andrias asulic, misi Svilebi ki qalaqis centrSi mdebare didi binidan gamoasaxles da gareubanSi Zveli saxlis erT oTaxSi Seasaxles.

gardacvalebamde cota xniT adre, 2005 wels, Cemi mamida irina gancdilis Sesaxeb mogonebebSi werda:

`Cveni bavSvoba 1937 wlis dekemberSi dasrulda. mama waiyvanes. ramdenime dRis Semdeg daapatimres deda. mama meti aRar gvinaxavs. deda patimari qalebis jgufTan erTad Sor gzas gauyenes. saocaria, ma-gram rogorRac gavigeT, rodis unda waeyvanaT, da naTesavebis didi jgufi nkvd-s SenobasTan Seikriba. karebi gaiRo da patimrebi quCaSi gamoiyvanes. yvela iqve mdgom manqanaSi Casves da sadgurisken waiyvanes. am bolo ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi maT TavianTi axloblebis naxva SeeZloT. zurabi kordonis ukan idga, xtoda da yviroda: `deda! deda!~

dedaCemis Tvalebze cremli ar SemimCnevia, magram ra xdeboda mis gulSi, roca rkinis kars ukan darCa dam-wyvdeuli, gareT ki Svili eZaxda? ar minda warmov-idgino. arc SemiZlia. amas azri ara aqvs. magram xSir-ad vekiTxebi sakuTar Tavs: ratom? risi gulisaTvis? ra uflebiT? risTvis dasWirdaT mamaCemis daxvreta? risTvis dagvixoces amdeni naTesavi da amdeni wliT dagvaSores dedas? Cveni cxovreba daingra. sakuTari biografiidan amogvSales _ osip mandelStamis es si-tyvebi yvelas gvexeba, visac ki `didi teroris~ basri maxvili Segvexo~.

vianor anCabaZe troikis (samkaciani jgufi, romelsac sasikvdilo ganaCeni gamohqonda) gadawyvetilebiT 1938 wlis ianvarSi daxvrites, manamde ki, gadarCeni-li mowmeebis cnobiT, nkvd-s jurRmulebSi saSineli tanjva-wameba gadaitana.

s. danilovi am ambebs ase aRwers: èrTxel erT Cems megobars Sevxvdi, romelic nkvd-Si SvidTviani patim-robis Semdeg axali gaTavisuflebuli iyo. vkiTxe, Cemi dapatimrebuli Zmis Sesaxeb xom araferi ici-meTqi. nacnobi aRelda, Tavi gaiqnia _ arao da bul-varisken wasvla mTxova, sadac xalxisgan moSorebiT momiyveboda, rac Tavs gadaxda. wavediT... icoda, rom eqim anCabaZes vicnobdi da mis Sesaxeb momiyva:

èrTxel RamiT uSiSroebis orma warmomadgenelma Cveni saknis kari gaaRo da ugonod myofi kaci Semoi-yvana. is kaci saknis kuTxeSi miagdes, kari Caketes da wavidnen. CvensaviT gaubedurebul axal megobars mivcvivdiT, magram cemiT da wamebiT imdenad damax-injebuli iyo, rom saxeze ver vicaniT, Tumca iseTi tanisamosi ecva, rom arc muSa unda yofiliyo da arc glexi. saxe cemisgan saSinlad hqonda damaxinjebuli. Tvali Zlivs gaaxila da raRac amoikvnesa (laparaki ar SeeZlo). naTqvami ver gavigeT. didi gaWirvebiT gagvagebina, rom wyali undoda. wyali mivutaneT da tkivilisgan dakrunCxulma nel-nela Zlivs dalia. wyurvili rom moikla, sacodavi iatakze dawva... mogvianebiT misganve SevityveT, rom eqimi anCabaZe iyo. male Cveni saknidan waiyvanes. ar vici, sad... al-


baT, `Camoweres~. gvian RamiT nkvd-s ezodan manqa-nebis xmauri mogvesma~.

magram daxvretis oficialuri cnoba ar mosula. aseT SemTxvevebSi naTesavebis mier dasmul SekiTx-vebze, Cveulebriv, tipuri pasuxi hqondaT: `Tqveni qmari (Svili, Zma, mama) 58-e muxliT gasamarTlda rogorc xalxis mteri da mimoweris uflebis gareSe banakebSi 10 wliT patimroba miesaja~. amasobaSi ki am adamianebis neSti ukve didi xnis ganmavlobaSi usax-elo saflavebSi ganisvenebda.

sxvadasxva tipis TaRliTebi (xSirad yofili msja-vrdadebulebi) motyuebuli naTesavebis ubedure-biT sargeblobdnen. isini im adamianebis misamarTebs igebdnen, visi naTesavebic miwer-moweris uflebis gareSe iyvnen gadasaxlebuli da uyvebodnen, rom banakebSi maT naTesavs Sexvdnen, Tan dasZendnen, rom is male daubrundebodaT. gaxarebuli naTesavebi yvela Rones xmarobdnen, rom es TaRliTebi dae-saCuqrebinaT da sacxovreblad saxlSic tovebdnen, stumrebi ki maspinZlebs xSirad Zarcvavdnen da uCi-nardebodnen.

vera andrias asulma Svidi weli gaatara `alJir~-Si (`samSoblos moRalateebis colebis akmolis banakis~

rusuli akronimi). am uzarmazar banakSi hyavdaT qa-lebi, romelTa erTaderTi danaSauli represirebuli pirebis coloba Tu Sviloba iyo. SesaZloa, bebiaCemi imitom gadarCa, rom banakSi patimrebi TavianTi pro-fesiiT muSaobdnen, is ki eqimi iyo, magram janmrT-eloba Zalian Seerya da gaTavisuflebidan ramdenime weliwadSi gardaicvala.

1935 wels gardacvlili Cemi didi papis, taras an-CabaZis yvela vaJi vianoris garda 1937-1938 wleb-Si daxvrites. daxvrites varlami da giorgic (Zmebs Soris yvelaze umcrosi). vladimerma da nikolozma afxazeTidan gaqceva moaxerxes da xelisuflebas ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi sabWoTa kavSiris sx-vadasxva regionSi emalebodnen. daxvrites aseve mamaCemis mamidis qmari nikoloz aqirTava, cnobili saxelmwifo moRvawe da politikosi, romelic jer kidev revoluciamde kompartiis wevri iyo. bebia-Cemis erTaderTi Zma, varlam Sengelaia, romelic TbilisSi cxovrobda, SeiaraRebuli Zalebis rigebi-dan daiTxoves, Semdeg ki daapatimres da daxvrites.

SemiZlia aseve aRvwero didi teroris dros dedaCe-mis ojaxze Tavs datexili ubedureba, Tumca umjobe-sia, es sxva dros gavakeTo.

avtoris Sesaxeb:istoriis mecnierebaTa doqtori giorgi anCabaZe Tbilisis ilias saxelmwifo universitetis profesoria.

kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti (kad) warmoadgens yovelTviur internet publikacias, romelic gamoicema hainrih biolis fondis Tbilisis ofisis (www.boell.ge), bremenis universitetis aRmosavleT evropis kvlevis centris (www.forschungsstelle.uni-bremen.de), vaSingtonis (DC) resursebis usafrTxoebis institutis (resources-ecurityinstitute.org/) da jorj vaSingtonis universitetis eliotis saerTaSoriso urTierTobaTa skolis evro-pis, ruseTisa da evraziis kvlevebis institutis mxardaWeriT. kavkasiis analitikuri daijesti aanalizebs samxreT kavkasiis sam qveyanaSi: azerbaijanSi, somxeTsa da saqarTveloSi arsebul politikur, ekonomikur da socialur situacias am regionis mdgomareobis saerTaSoriso da usafrTxoebis ganzomilebis konteqstSi. kad-i finansdeba hainrih biolis fondis grantiT.

Tu gsurT gamoiweroT kad-i an SewyvitoT misi gamowera, gTxovT estumroT Cvens vebgverds Semdeg misamarTze: www.res.ethz.ch/analysis/cad

kavkasiis analitikuri daijestis Sesaxeb


mTavrobis garantiebi "pirvel kavkasiurs"

interviu „ПИК~-is generalur direqtorTan,

robert parsonsTan

rodis ganaaxlebs mauwyeblobas „pirveli kavkasiuri~ da ra gegmebi gaqvT axal sezonze?

pirvel rigSi, unda aRvniSno, rom arxs aRar erqmeva `pirve-li kavkasiuri~, misi saxelia „ПИК~ (Первый Информационный Кавказский). arxi ganaxlebuli programebiT eTerSi 25 ianvars gava. am etapze axali teqnikis umetesoba ukve Camosulia, axla intensiuri treningebis etapze varT. treningebi moicavs ro-gorc teqnikur aspeqtebs, aseve profesiul standartebs, weras, montaJs, mokled, yvelafers, ris-ganac televizia Sedgeba.

axali sezonis momzadebaze adgi-lobrivi da mowveuli profesiona-lebi erTad muSaoben, magaliTad dokumenturi filmebis gadaRebas Jurnalistebs Cemi meuRle _ nino kirTaZe _ aswavlis.

es seriozuli mosamzadebeli samuSaoa, romelsac didi dro sWirdeba.

ra icvleba axali sezonidan?

absoluturad yvelaferi, es iqneba sruliad axali arxi.

dRe-RameSi eqvssaaTiani mauwyebloba iqneba, aqedan ori saaTi sainformacio gamoSvebebs daeTmoba, or-ori saaTi ki ad-gilobriv warmoebasa da SeZenil programebs.

robert parsonsi, romelic 9 weli `bibisi~-s moskovis korespondenti iyo,

axali rusulenovani arxisTvis saredaqcio damoukideblobis pirobas qarTveli

ministrebisgan iTxovs.

gansakuTrebuli iqneba axali ambebis gamoSvebebic: iqneba spe-cifikuri, Tematurad dayofili axali ambebi, did yuradRebas da-vuTmobT kavkasiis ambebs, rome-lic momzaddeba adgilobrivi re-sursebis da regionuli biuroebis erToblivi ZalisxmeviT. biuroebi imuSavebs kavkasiis sxvadasxva qalaqSi, maT Soris, maxaCkalasa da vladikavkazSic, saidanac infor-macia rTulad aRwevs. Cven gvinda, mTel regionSi obieqturobis da keTilsindisieri mediis standar-tebi davnergoT.

yvelaze rTuli adgilobrivi eqskluziuri programebis momza-

miviRe sityvieri

garantiebi, rom

SemiZlia vmarTo

televizia ise, rogorc

es me minda. Tu arada,

yovelTvis arsebobs

gamosavali, viyidi

bileTs da saxlSi

gavfrindebi.

media

fo

to

mar

ika

qoCi

aSvi

li


debaa. es bevr mecadineobas da JurnalistebisTvis iseTi unare-bis gamomuSavebas moiTxovs, rac saqarTveloSi aqamde ar hqondaT. magaliTad, Cven gvinda, gadavi-RoT dokumenturi filmebi yo-veldRiur sakiTxebze, magaliTad, ganaTlebaze saqarTveloSi, imaze Tu rogor mimdinareobs ganaTle-bis reforma, ra aris misi Zlieri da susti mxareebi. Temebi mraval-ferovani iqneba, mTavaria, is mTe-li regionisTvis iyos saintereso.

Tqven ekaterine kotrikaZesTan erTad („pirveli kavkasiuris~ sainformacio samsaxuris ufrosi _ avt.) daafuZneT kompania „K1~. swored es kompania marTavs axla `pirvel kavkasiurs~. ra iyo Tqveni motivacia, rom am arxs saTaveSi CadgomodiT?

mas Semdeg, rac „pirvelma ka-vkasiurma~, sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo, ver imuSava, da amis erT-erTi mizezi satelitTan dakavSi-rebuli problemebi iyo, sazoga-doebrivma mauwyebelma gadawyvita kompaniis mmarTveloba gadaeca damoukidebeli jgufisTvis, ro-melsac axali ambebis da progra-mirebis gamocdileba eqneboda. ganvixileT es SemoTavazeba da gadavwyviteT „K1~ dagvefuZnebina.

ra aris piradad Tqveni motivacia?es CemTvis, pirvel rigSi, axali

SesaZlebloba iyo, amavdroulad _ didi gamowveva. me am Sanss Sevxe-de, rogorc SesaZleblobas, Cemi wvlili Sevitano qarTuli mediis ganviTarebaSi.

yovelTvis mainteresebda es regioni. bevrjer vyofilvar saqarTveloSi, araerTi seminari Camitarebia qarTveli Jurnalis-tebisTvis. yovelTvis mwydeboda guli, rom Cemgan wasuli Jurna-listebi isev imis keTebas agrZe-lebdnen, rasac maTgan redaqto-rebi moiTxovdnen. roca treneri

xar, seminaris dasrulebis Semdeg kargav mis monawileebze gavlenas da zogadad, medias ver cvli.

televiziam erTi wlis ganmavloba-Si saxelmwifo sarezervo fondidan 14 milioni lari miiRo. rogor?

es Tanxa pirdapir televizias ar miuRia, is `sazogadoebrivma mauwyebelma~ miiRo.

arxs `sazogadoebrivi mauwyebe-li~ afinansebs, romelsac, Tavis mxriv, gadasaxadebis gadamxdele-bi afinanseben. `sazogadoebriv-ma mauwyebelma~ saxelmwifosgan granti miiRo da ase daafinansa Cveni kompania.

rogoria arxis saredaqcio poli-tika da rogor SeinarCunebT da-moukideblobas, roca saxelmwifo rezervidan finansdebiT?

me miviRe garantiebi, rom Cvens saredaqcio saqmianobaSi aravin

Caereva da SegviZlia vakeToT is, rac mogvwons. me ase miTxres.

me viqnebi arxis direqtori da vimuSaveb iseve, rogorc dedamiwis nebismier sxva wertilSi vimuSa-vebdi, gamoviyeneb im profesiul standartebs, romlebsac „bibisi~-Si an „frans 24~-Si gamoviyenebdi.

roca am SeTavazebas TanxmdebodiT, ra riskebs da dabrkolebebs ganixi-lavdiT?

Tanxmobis winapirobad me mkacrad moviTxove saredaqcio damoukidebloba.

ra uzrunvelyofs am damoukide-blobas?

Cemi molaparakebebi sazogadoe-briv mauwyebelTan da garantiebi mTavrobis doneze. es iyo wina-piroba, romelic me davayene. es sakiTxi me maRelvebda da gada-vwyvite, is winaswar ganmexila.

esaubreT vinmes mTavrobidan?diax.

konkretulad vis?ramdenime ministrs.

ratom uwevs damoukidebel kerZo kompanias mTavrobasTan garantie-bze molaparakeba?

es Zalian gulubryvilo kiTxvaa. Cven saqarTveloSi vcxovrobT, yvelas gvsmenia televiziis saqmia-nobaSi mTavrobis Carevis Sesaxeb. rogorc ucxoels, romelic kar-gad icnobs saqarTvelos medias, mawuxebda es sakiTxi. amitomac mindoda, damoukideblobis garan-tiebi winaswar mimeRo.

Sexvedrebma Tqveni wuxili gaabaTila? diax. me amaSi darwmunebuli var.

miviRe sityvieri garantiebi, rom SemiZlia vmarTo televizia ise, ro-gorc es me minda. Tu ara da, yovel-Tvis arsebobs gamosavali, viyidi bileTs da saxlSi gavfrindebi.

media


biografiuli monacemebi

robert parsonsi politikuri mecnierebebis magistria, man do-qtoris xarisxi glazgos univer-sitetSi qarTul nacionalizmze daicva.

parsonss BBC-ze muSaobis didi gamocdileba aqvs, ramdenime weli is rusuli biuros prodiuseri, mogvianebiT ki saerTaSoriso ambe-bis prodiuseri iyo. 1993-2002 wle-bSi is BBC-is moskovis korespon-denti, 2003-2005 wlebSi ki „radio Tavisuflebis~ qarTuli biuros direqtori iyo. mogvianebiT par-sonsi inglisurenovani „France24~-is saerTaSoriso redaqtorad mu-Saobda.

parsonsi tele da radio Jurna-listikis gamocdili treneria, is Jurnalistebs seminarebs ruseTSi, saqarTveloSi, ukrainasa da yirgi-zeTSi utarebda.

Sinagan saqmeTa ministri vano merabiSvili, aprilSi interviu-Si ambobda, rom „pirveli kavka-siuris~ funqcia rusulenovani auditoriisTvis saqarTveloSi mimdinare reformebze informa-ciis miwodebaa. Tqven iziarebT am midgomas?

veTanxmebi mas, magram vfiqrob, mis naTqvams gavrcoba sWirde-ba. arxs ufro didi funqcia aqvs. pirvel rigSi, es Crdilo-eT kavkasiaSi da rusulenovan samyaroSi saqarTvelos imijis Secvlaa. magaliTad, somxeTi da azerbaijani mTlianad rusul televiziebze arian damokide-bulni, isini saqarTveloze da-maxinjebul informacias iReben, maT saqarTveloSi cxovrebas muq ferebSi uxataven. Cven ar gvinda, cxovreba naTel ferebSi davxatoT, Cven gvinda saqarTve-loSi cxovrebis realuri sura-Ti vaCvenoT. am mxriv, ministrs veTanxmebi.

am televizias sami ZiriTadi funqcia eqneba: pirveli _ saqar-TveloSi cxovrebaze informaciis gavrceleba, meore _ vuCvenoT rusebs maTi cxovrebis amsaxveli detaluri suraTi, romelsac isi-ni sakuTari mediisgan ver iReben. mesame funqcia regionSi maRali profesiuli standartebis daner-gvaa. „ПИК~ kargi televiziis nimu-Si unda gaxdes.

vis winaSe iqneba „K1~ angariSvalde-buli?

`sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis~ da misi sameTvalyureo sabWos winaSe. me ase warmomidgenia. Cven kerZo kompania varT, magram, amavdroulad, `sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis~ nawili varT, romelic gvqiraobs konkre-tuli samuSaos Sesasruleblad. Tumca SevinarCunebT maqsimalur damoukideblobas da uSualod Cvens saqmianobaSi arc `sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli~ Caereva.

Tqveni kompaniis finansuri saqmia-noba gamWvirvalea?

Cven absoluturad gamWvirvale varT. me rogorc vici, Cveni yvela finansuri dokumenti televiziis vebgverdze itvirTeba.

Tumca informacia xelfasebis Se-saxeb daxurulia. ar fiqrobT, rom jobda esec sajaro yofiliyo?

ara, me ase ar mgonia. es damqi-raveblebis gadawyvetileba iyo, CemTvis amas gadamwyveti mniSvne-loba ara aqvs.

TqvenTan momuSave ramdenime pro-fesionals Zalian maRali anazRau-reba aqvs.

diax. da es sulac ar meuxerxu-leba. gegonaT me, an nebismieri saerTaSoriso eqsperti, dasavlu-ri televiziidan movidodiT da qarTul xelfasze vimuSavebdiT? ra Tqma unda, amaze arc erTi Cvengani ar daTanxmdeboda.

ivlisSi erT-erT interviuSi Tqven ambobdiT, rom arxi ar unda iyos aR-qmuli, rogorc propagandistuli da rom is saqarTvelos xelisufle-bas regionis sxva qveynebis xeli-suflebebis msgavsad gaakritikebs. rogor apirebT amis miRwevas?

es Cveni gegmaa. vnaxoT, ra gamo-gviva.

rogor ggoniaT, ratom miiCnevdnen „pirvel kavkasiurs~ propagandis-tul televiziad?

me ar vambob, rom „pirveli kavkasiuri~ propagandistuli televizia iyo. me ufro momaval-ze vsaubrob. roca es gancxadeba gavakeTe, vacnobierebdi, Tu ra reaqcia moyveboda axali arxis Seqmnas rusuli mediis mxridan. roca eTerSi gavalT, albaT, arxs propagandistulad Seracxaven.

aseT Sefasebas mxolod rusuli mxridan eliT?

ra Tqma unda, rusul reaqcieb-Tan erTad maRelvebs adgilobrivi Sefasebebic. minda, xalxi darwmu-nebuli iyos, rom Cven ar viqnebiT propagandistuli televizia.

arxis warsuli amis SesaZleblobas iZleva?

rogorc ukve giTxariT, me sru-li damoukidebloba maqvs. tele-viziis warsuls CemTan saerTo araferi aqvs. me ar var pasuxis-mgebeli arxis warsulze, mas ar eqneba gavlena Cems saqmianobaze. usamarTloba iqneba, axla Cemi winamorbedebi vakritiko. Cemi saq-mea, „ПИК~ warmatebul televiziad vaqcio.

rogor uyurebT „ПИК~ -s _ rogorc grZelvadian proeqts Tu mokleva-dians?

es rTuli kiTxvaa, ar maqvs martivi pasuxi. vnaxoT, momdev-no ramdenime Tve saqmeebi rogor wagviva.

rodis SeafasebT Tqveni saqmianobis pirvel Sedegebs?

kontraqti ivnisis bolomde ma-qvs dadebuli, Sedegebs ramdenime TveSi SevafasebT.

ra molodinebi gaqvT ivnisamde, ris gakeTeba gindaT kontraqtis amowurvamde?

pirvel rigSi, minda obieqtu-ri axali ambebis da saintereso dokumenturi filmebis keTebis reputacia SeviqmnaT. aseve, imedi maqvs, am droisTvis Jurnalisti-kis maRal standarts davnergavT. bednieri viqnebi, Tu amas eqvs TveSi movaxerxebT.

Tumca Tu Cven ar gveqna sruli damoukidebloba da Tavisufleba, proeqtSi Cadebuli fuli dakar-guli iqneba.

esaubra nana sajaia.

media


adamianis uflebebi

penitenciaruli sistema

fsiqika oTx kedels SorissaqarTvelos sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi 22 aTasamde patimars sul ori

fsiqiatri emsaxureba.

naTia guliaSvili

erT-erTi qarTuli saqme, romel-sac adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlo daCqarebuli wesiT ga-nixilavs, patimar qals exeba. cixeSi mis mimarT gamoCenili gulgrilobis gamo, sami wlis Tavze axalgazrda qali mwvave fsiqikuri aSlilobiT itanjeba.

momCivani arasamTavrobo organi-zacia `empaTiaa~. is mTel pasuxism-geblobas saqarTvelos saxelmwifos akisrebs.

saerTaSoriso sasamarTlom gada-xedvisTanave saqmes 39-e muxlis kva-lifikacia mianiWa.

„am muxls or SemTxvevaSi iyeneben: Tu adamianis sicocxles safrTxe emuqreba, an eqstradiciis sakiTxi dgas. am qalbatonis cixeSi (da ara fsiqiatriulSi) yofna ki strasbur-gSi imdenad did darRvevad miiCnies, rom, faqtobrivad, wamebis muxliT aRZres saqme. gamodis, rom axla, vi-dre pacients fsiqiatriul klinika-Si ar gadaiyvanen, mTeli es dro mis fizikur wamebad CaiTvleba“, _ ambobs „empaTiis“ advokati, soso xatiaSvi-li.

33 wlis nino (saxeli Secvlilia) sasjels qalTa da arasrulwlovanTa dawesebulebaSi 2007 wlidan ixdis. mis samedicino baraTSi ki pirveli Canaweri moulodnelad gamovleni-li „araadekvaturi qcevebis“ Sesaxeb, 2 wlis Semdeg, 2009 wlis 12 marts gaCnda.

im dRes cixis adgilobrivma eqi-mebma patimris dawynareba veRar mo-axerxes da saswrafo daxmareba ga-moiZaxes. imis gamo, rom erTaderT samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi, rome-

lic msjavrdadebulebsa da patimre-bs emsaxureba, qalebis ganyofileba ar arsebobs, is asaTianis klinikaSi waiyvanes. kanonis moTxovniT, samo-qalaqo stacionarSi gadayvanisas, patimars badragi unda gahyoloda, stacionarSi ki iaraRasxmuli Tana-

mSromlebis moTavseba ver moaxerxes. amitom qali, romelic saswrafo mkurnalobas saWiroebda, isev cixeSi daabrunes.

arasamTavrobo organizacia „empa-Tiis“ advokati, soso xatiaSvili, sa-qmeSi 2009 wlis seqtemberSi CaerTo.


adamianis uflebebi

samedicino eqspertiza dazarale-buls misi moTxovniT Cautarda, Tu-mca, am eqspertizis pasuxi mxolod ramdenimeTviani lodinis Semdeg mii-Ro.

dokumentis Tanaxmad, pacientis mdgomareoba imdenad mZime iyo, rom mas sakuTari mdgomareobis Sefase-bis unaric aRar Seswevda. daskvnis

mixedviTve, sasjelaRsrulebis sis-temidan igi aucileblad unda gada-eyvanaT xonis fsiqiatriul saavad-myofoSi _ im erTaderT stacionarSi, sadac fsiqikuri problemebis mqone pacientebis aranebayoflobiT mkur-naloba kanoniTaa daSvebuli.

miuxedavad imisa, rom sasjelaR-srulebis departamentSi es pasuxi 2009 wlis oqtomberSive icodnen, pa-timris stacionarSi gadayvanaze ar uzruniaT. misi mdgomareoba ki cixe-Si dRiTi dRe uaresdeboda.

advokatis mtkicebiT, 33 wlis pati-mars axloblebi ar hyavs da sruliad martoa. Tveebis ganmavlobaSi daza-

ralebulis ojaxis wevrebi erTxelac ar unaxavs. patimris anamnezidan Cans isic, rom axalgazrda qali bavSvoba-Si Zaladobis msxverpli araerTxel yofila _ mas scemdnen mSoblebi, 14 wlis asakSi ki gaaTxoves.

„jer kidev erTi wlis win, roca mis

sanaxavad mivdiodi, mTxovda, aqedan unda gamiyvanoo. axla misi mdgomare-oba ukiduresad garTulebulia, rom mxedavs, tirils da yvirils iwyebs, ucnaur mimikebs iRebs, fsiqikurad sruliad daSlilia. garegnuladac asea _ 33 wlisaa da minimum, 50_isa gegonebaT“, _ ambobs advokati.

`erovnuli prevenciis meqanizmis~ wevrebis informaciiT, msjavrda-debulTa da patimarTa samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi 2009 wels 30-mde diagnozi Sizofreniuli aSliloba, reaqciuli fsiqozi da sxva tipis mZime fsiqikuri daavadebebi iyo.

daxuruli, izolirebuli gare-mo, maSinac ki, roca cixeSi maRali standartis sacxovrebeli pirobebia, xSirad iwvevs patimrebis msubuq de-presias mainc. metic, evropeli spe-cialistebis gaTvliT, erT cixeSi msjavrdadebulTa 60 procents SeiZ-leba, Seeqmnas fsiqikuri problemebi _ msubuqi nevrozuli darRvevebidan mwvave Sizofreniamde.

amitom evropelebi normad miiC-neven imas, rom cixis samedicino momsaxurebis minimalur paketSi, stomatologis da Sinagani medicinis specialistTan erTad, fsiqiatris momsaxurebac Sediodes da es momsa-xureba arc qalebisTvis ar unda iyos SezRuduli.

arasamTavrobo organizacia „empa-Tiis“ xelmZRvaneli maka jiSkariani ambobs, rom proeqti, romlis far-glebSic misi organizacia qali pati-mrebis samedicino daxmarebaze, rea-bilitaciasa da Terapiaze zrunavda, faqtobrivad, qveyanaSi erTaderTi iyo. Tumca, 2009 wels, dimitri SaSki-nis ministrobisas, 3 welze gawerili proeqti jer erT wlamde Seamcires, 2010 wlidan ki, axali ministris xa-Tuna kalmaxeliZis gadawyvetilebiT, proeqti saerTod SeCerda. ministrma es faqti, „alternatiuli proeqte-bis“ arsebobiT axsna.

Tumca ombudsmenis `prevenciis erovnuli meqanizmis~ warmomadgenle-bi, romlebic weliwadSi ramdenjerme


atareben cixeebis monitorings, acxa-deben, rom saministros sinamdvile-Si alternatiuli proeqtebi ar aqvs. organizaciis erT-erTi wevri da samedicino eqsperti, levan labau-ri ambobs, rom sasjelaRsrulebis sistema kvlavac ver uzrunvelyofs cixis saavadmyofoSi qali patimrebis mkurnalobas, miT umetes _ maTTvis reabilitaciis kursebs.

„qalebs ver mkurnaloben verc ci-xis saavadmyofoSi da maTi gadayvana SeuZlebelia samoqalaqo stacio-narSic. jer erTi, arcerT saavad-myofosTan ar aqvT xelSekruleba gaformebuli, garda amisa, Tu qali cixidan sajaro dawesebulebaSi ga-dahyavT, maSin iq badragis Tanxle-biT unda mivides. rogor warmogid-

geniaT, rom aseTi pirobebiT sajaro saavadmyofom miiRos patimari?“

`Cveni SeSfoTebis sagani kvlav rCe-ba patimarTa fsiqiatriuli momsaxu-reba. miuxedavad imisa, rom yvela da-wesebulebaSi vxvdebiT fsiqiatriuli an fsiqologiuri problemebis mqone pacientebs, fsiqiatris Stati iq mainc ar arsebobs, xolo konsul-tantis viziti araTanmimdevrulia“, _ askvnian evropis wamebis prevenciis komitetis (СPT) eqspertebi 2010 wlis seqtembris angariSSi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb.

saqarTveloSi sasjelaRsrulebis dawesebulebebSi dRes 22 aTasamdea patimaria. maT fsiqikur janmrTe-lobaze zrunvisTvis ki, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos 12 da dasavleT saqar-Tvelos 5 cixeSi _ mxolod 2 fsiqia-tria gamoyofili.

„dasavleTis cixeebze pasuxismge-belma fsiqiatrma, imis gamo, rom sis-temaSi narkologis kadrebis proble-

mac arsebobs, SeTavsebiT narkologis serTifikatic aiRo. damatebiTi da-tvirTvis gamo ki, 2010 wlis zafxu-lidan uari Tqva zugdidis da baTumis sapyrobileebis gakontrolebaze. amas ubralod, fizikurad veRar SeZleb-da“, _ ambobs levan labauri.

patimarTa da msjavrdadebulTa erTaderT samkurnalo dawesebule-baSi, sadac damatebiT 3 fsiqiatri muSaobs, patimrebi mxolod fsiqi-kuri aSlilobis ukidures stadiaSi gadahyavT, isic mxolod _ mamakacebi. aseTi pacientebisTvis saavadmyofos sul 39 sawoli aqvs gamoyofili maSin, roca holandiis sasjelaRsrulebis sistemaSi 16 aTas msjavrdadebulze fsiqiatriuli momsaxurebisTvis 700 sawolia gamoyofili da, rac mTava-

ria, mkurnalobis upiratesobas ma-makacebi ar floben.

eqsperti fondidan „globaluri iniciativa fsiqiatriaSi“ (`gif~-i~) ambobs, rom saqarTveloSi es maCvene-beli politikis Sedegia. `evropele-bis midgoma sxvanairia, iq miaCniaT, rom adamians SeiZleba ubralod fsiqologiuri krizisi, depresia hqondes da saavadmyofoSi gadayva-na amitom sWirdebodes. CvenTan ki miaCniaT, rom patimari saavadmyofos fsiqiatriul ganyofilebaSi rom gadaviyvanoT, mas amisTvis aucile-blad unda hqondes fsiqozi, bod-va, halucinaciebi. mokled, Zalian cudad unda iyo, rom stacionaruli momsaxurebis Rirsad migiCnion“.

Tumca is ar fiqrobs, rom proble-ma mxolod fsiqiatrebis naklebobaa. misi TqmiT, fsiqiatris funqcia diag-nozis dasma da preparatebis gamowe-raa. mkurnalobisas mTavari simZime ki socialur muSakebze, fsiqologe-

bze da cixis adgilobriv personalze gadadis, romlebic patimrebis pro-blemebs ver umklavdebian.

„cixis mTavarma eqimmac ar icis, ras akeTebs iq myofi fsiqologi, imi-tom, rom es ukanaskneli socialu-ri samsaxuris daqvemdebarebaSia da maT Soris koordinacia ar arsebobs. saerTod ki, fsiqologis muSaoba, fsiqiatris daxmarebis gareSe same-dicino momsaxurebad ar iTvleba. fsiqiatriaSi dozis koreqciaa mniSv-nelovani. wamlebis daniSvnis Semdeg, aucilebelia, uaxloes dReebSi fsi-qiatrma isev naxos pacienti da Tu sa-Wiroa, preparati an doza Secvalos, risi kompetenciac fsiqologs ar aqvs“, _ ambobs labauri.

fsiqikuri problemebis mqone msja-

vrdadebuli cixeSi rom ar moxvdes, amis erTaderT SesaZleblobas sasa-marTlos fsiqiatriuli eqsperti-za iZleva, Tumca „gif“_is eqsperti gvpasuxobs, rom im SemTxvevaSi, Tu eqspertizis Catareba gamoZiebam sa-Wirod ar miiCnia, an sulac gansasje-lis advokatma ar moiTxova es, fsi-qikuri problemebis mqone pacienti, cixeSi mainc aRmoCndeba.

„empaTiis“ xelmZRvanels miaCnia, rom patimrebisTvis samedicino mom-saxurebas sasjelaRsrulebis sami-nistro damoukideblad ver uzrun-velyofs da saxelmwifom es sfero jandacvis saministros kompetencia-Si unda gadaitanos. manamde ki, pati-mrebis fsiqikur mdgradobas damTr-gunav oTx kedelTan erTad, gaumarTavi samedicino momsaxureba kvlavac Seuqmnis safrTxes. 33 wlis ninos istoriis msgavsad ki, samar-Tlis povnis erTaderT imedad isev strasburgSi Civili darCeba.

msjavrdadebulTa da patimarTa samkurnalo dawesebulebaSi 2009 wels 30-mde

diagnozi Sizofreniuli aSliloba, reaqciuli fsiqozi da sxva tipis mZime

fsiqikuri daavadebebi iyo.

adamianis uflebebi


oTxi Tve Tanamedrove mekobreebis tyveobaSi`saWmels ar gvaZleven, jaWvebiT gvabamen, Rame gvaRviZeben da gvcemen~ _

somaleli mekobreebis qarTveli tyveebi ramdenimewamian satelefono saubarSi

saswrafod Svelas iTxoven.

eka qadagiSvili

2010 wlis aprilSi amerikuli sa-mxedro gemi somalis sanapirosTan patrulirebda, roca niCbebiani pa-tara navidan cecxli gauxsnes. mci-rexniani devnis Semdeg amerikulma gemma navis ekipaJis _ xuTi somale-li mekobris Sepyroba SeZlo. maTi saqme amerikaSi federaluri sasa-marTlos mosamarTlem reimond je-qsonma moismina, Tumca mekobreobis muxliT somalelebis gasamarTleba ver moaxerxa. jeqsonis TqmiT, si-tyva `mekobreobis~ ganmarteba ame-rikul kanonmdeblobaSi 1819 wlis Semdeg ar Secvlila, am ganmartebis mixedviT ki, mekobreoba niSnavda dayaCaRebas zRvaze da ara ubralod cecxlis gaxsnas, ris gamoc somale-lebi ver dasaja.

ase dasrulda mekobreebis wina-aRmdeg me-19 saukunis Semdeg pir-velad aRZruli saqme amerikaSi. arada, erT-erTi kvlevis mixedviT, datyvevebuli gemebis mflobele-bisgan somaleli mekobreebi erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi 150 milioni do-laris mogebas naxuloben.

somaliSi, adenis yureSi gavrce-lebuli mekobreoba ukve ramdenime welia, universalur problemas war-moadgens. afrikeli mekobreebi ar cnoben ganviTarebul da ganviTa-rebad qveynebs. sarCos saZebnelad isini yvela im gadamzidav gems usa-frdebian, romlebic reisebs adenis yuris gavliT asruleben.

saerTaSoriso samarTali, ameri-kuli kanonmdeblobis msgavsi la-

fsusebisa da sxva mizezebis gamo, dRemde ver axerxebs problemis efeqturad gadaWras. es maSin, roca gatacebaTa ricxvi wlidan wlamde izrdeba. iseve, rogorc SarSan, Ti-Tqmis gaormagda is Tanxa, rac so-malel mekobreebs gamosasyidis sa-xiT gadauxades. situacia iZabeba im mxrivac, rom molaparakebebs meko-breebTan sul ufro meti dro sWir-deba. 2010 wlis seqtemberSi eqvsi datyvevebuli gemis gaTavisufleba 120 dRis Semdeg moxerxda.

am wuTebSi, adenis yureSi Taname-drove mekobreebis tyveobaSi 600-mde adamiani imyofeba. maT Soris 15 qarTvelia.

baTumelma lera SavliZem mezR-vauri qmari Soreul naosnobaSi

adamianis uflebebi


berZnuli gemiT 10 Tvis win gaa-cila. oTxi Tvis win misi qmari da danarCeni qarTvelebi somalelebma Seipyres. axla lera SavlaZe tyve mezRvaurebis naTesavebTan erTad baTumis uzenaesi sabWos Senobis win aqciis mowyobiT cdilobs qmris daxmarebas. Tumca aqcia ramdenime saaTSi uSedegod iSleba. mekobreeb-Tan molaparakeba rTuli da dRemde uSedegoa.

`saWmels ar gvaZleven, jaWvebiT gvabamen, Rame gvaRviZeben da gvce-men. gviSveleT rame!~ _ ambobs soma-lelebis qarTveli tyve, daviT de-vaZe satelefono saubarSi. garSemo xmauria, ismis talRebis xma da ma-makacebis xmamaRali saubari. `fuli gadaixadeT, fuli!~ _ damtvreuli inglisuriT yviris erT-erTi _ es somaleli mekobrea, romelmac, Ta-vis megobrebTan erTad, qarTvel mezRvaurebs erTTviani pauzis Se-mdeg pirvelad misca Sin darekvis

ufleba.rogorc wesi, mekobreebTan mola-

parakebas gamosasyidis Sesaxeb gemis mflobeli awarmoebs. qarTvele-bis tyveoba ki mxolod im mizeziT gaiwela, rom berZeni advokati meko-breebs Tanxis Sesaxeb ver moelapa-raka. 7 dekembers advokati stelios kalogerianisi aTenSi saqarTvelos elCs Sexvda.

ìmis Sesaxeb, rom qarTvel mezR-vaurebs aSimSileben, araferi vici. cxadia, saxarbielo pirobebSi ar imyofebian, Tumca danamdvilebiT vici, rom es pirobebi maT sicocx-les safrTxes ar uqmnis. gemi iseT adgilas dgas, rom miaxloeba SeuZ-lebelia. jer zustad ucnobia, ra-mden xanSi moxerxdeba ekipaJis we-

vrebis gaTavisufleba, magram Cven yvela zomas viyenebT da vfiqrob, es did xans aRar gagrZeldeba~, _ es gancxadeba berZenma advokatma gadacema `postskriptumis~ eTerSi gaakeTa. magram berZnebs gamosasyi-di jer kidev ar gadauxdiaT. gasai-dumloebulia gamosasyidi Tanxis odenobac.

datyvevebulebs Soris axalgazr-debic arian da asakovnebic. maTi higienuri pirobebi mZimea _ yvelani erTad erT patara kaiutaSi arian Seyrilebi. dReSi naxevar Wiqa wyals asmeven. sakvebic ufro da ufro iS-viaTad miaqvT. drodadro jaWviT abamen da cemen. datyvevebidan 4 Tvis Tavze stresTan gamklaveba me-zRvaurebs sul ufro uWirT.

tankeri saxelad òlib ji~ qar-Tvelebisgan dakompleqtebul eki-paJs indoeTSi, jarTis gasayidad unda Caeyvana. is berZnuli kompania `frio venCeris~ sakuTrebaa da 1988

welsaa gamoSvebuli. amitom misi fasi mxolod milioni dolari iyo. ekipaJis zogierTma wevrma ar ico-da, rom saxifaTo zonaSi midioda, vinc icoda, egona, gaumarTlebda _ Zvel gems mekobreebi Tavdasxmis Rirsad ar miiCnevdnen.

Tumca SeiaraRebulma mekobree-bma gemi 8 seqtembers adenis yure-Si daakaves. swored es viwro yurea mekobreebisTvis yvelaze xelsayre-li. ekipaJs gemze dacva ar hyavs da amitom winaaRmdegobis gaweva SeuZ-lebelia.

zogierT gems amerikis meeqvse samxedro floti icavs, romelic xomaldebs usafrTxoebisTvis spe-cialuri qaravniT acilebs. berZne-bis tankerma ki, romelsac qarTu-

li ekipaJi marTavda, siZvelis gamo sakmarisi siCqare ver ganaviTara da amerikelTa qaravans CamorCa.

rac dro gadis, tankers sul ufro meti problema eqmneba.

àmindi xSirad icvleba da SesaZ-lebelia, napirze gagvitanos. didi Stormi Tu iqna, daziandeba gemi da SesaZloa, ekipaJic~, _ yveba satele-fono saubraSi daviT devaZe.

mezRvaurebis dasaqmebaze baTu-mSi 50-mde kompania muSaobs. isini sertificirebuli qarTveli mezR-vaurebis monacemTa bazas qmnian da ucxour kompaniebs ugzavnian. mezR-vaurTa kontraqtebsa da usafrTxo-ebaze pasuxs damsaqmebeli kompania agebs. erT-erTi aseTi baTumuri kompania `grinviCi 21~ weliwadSi 100-mde mezRvaurs asaqmebs. xelfa-si Tanamdebobis mixedviT, 800-dan 7 aTas dolaramdea. adenis yureSi gamgzavrebisTvis ki qarTvel me-zRvaurebs damatebiTi finansuri

motivaciac hqondaT _ `grinviC 21~-is xelmZRvanelisa da gatacebuli mezRvauris, daviT devaZis mamis, sergo devaZis TqmiT, imis gamo, rom saxifaTo zonaSi midiodnen, yvela mezRvaurs ormagi xelfasi daeniSna.

adenis yureSi dRes mekobreTa ramdenime SeiaraRebuli dajgufeba moqmedebs. 17-dan 35 wlamde axal-gazrda somalelebi sakuTar Tavs mekobreebs ar eZaxian, arc cali Tvali aqvT axveuli da Soreul wy-lebSi arc xis gemebiT mogzauroben. samagierod, ar akliaT SeiaraReba da mudmivad msoflios axali ambe-bis yuradRebis centrSi xvdebian. maTi damsaxurebaa is, rom somalis sanapiro zoli msoflioSi erT-erT yvelaze saxifaTo zonad iTvleba.

datyvevebulebs Soris axalgazrdebic arian da asakovnebic. maTi higienuri pirobebi

mZimea _ yvelani erTad erT patara kaiutaSi arian Seyrilebi. dReSi naxevar Wiqa wyals

asmeven. sakvebic ufro da ufro iSviaTad miaqvT. drodadro jaWviT abamen da cemen.

adamianis uflebebi


kapitani saSa konceliZe dRes ba-TumSi cxovrobs. 2 wlis win 64 dRe somaleli mekobreebis tyveobaSi ga-atara. ambobs, rom somaleli meko-breebis mTavari Zala SeiaraRebaa. `iyvnen axalgazrdebi, romlebic inglisurad ver metyvelebdnen, kompasic ki ar hqondaT da gvekiTxe-bodnen, sad varTo. mogviaxlovdnen Cumad, patara naviT, amoZvrnen ma-lulad da iaraRis muqariT Zirs da-gvawvines~, _ ixsenebs tyveobas saSa konceliZe.

es oriwliswinandeli SemTxvevac adenis yureSi moxda. wiTeli zR-vis gavliT, es yure umoklesi gzaa xmelTaSua zRvidan indoeTis oke-anisken mimavali gemebisTvis. Seia-raRebuli mekobreebi patara moto-riani navebiT, zRvaSi Rrmad Sedian da gemebTan miaxloebas droulad axerxeben. amas manam aswreben, vidre amerikis meeqvse samxedro flotis dacva amoqmeddeba.

mekobreoba somalel axalga-zrdebs Soris, romelTagan bevri yofili meTevzea, momgebiani biz-nesia da riskadac Rirs. minimalu-ri gamosasyidis saxiT isini TiTo gatacebis SemTxvevaSi 2 milionam-de dolars iTxoven, weliwadSi ki asamde gemis datyvevebas axerxeben da gamodis, rom mekobreobis xar-jze es adamianebi milionerebiviT cxovroben qveyanaSi, sadac bolo 17 welia, omi da siRaribea. soma-leli damnaSaveebi monawileobas qveynis ekonomikis ganviTarebaSic ki iReben, radgan isini aZleven ad-gilobriv biznesmenebs fuls sesxis saxiT.

mekobreebs somaliSi kidev erTi biznesi aqvT. TveobiT gatacebul gemebs sakvebis miwodeba sWirde-ba. amitom xmeleTze specialuri restornebi gaixsna, sadac kerZebi mzaddeba da datyvevebul gemebze igzavneba. restoranSi adgilobrivi

mosaxleobaa dasaqmebuli, romle-bsac mekobreebi yovelTviur xel-fass uxdian.

2009 wlis 10 seqtembers amerikam gaeroSi somalisTan erTad meko-breebis winaaRmdeg brZolis xel-Sekrulebas moawera xeli. gaeros dokumentis mixedviT, teritorias 15 qveynis gemebi akontroleben. amis Semdeg mekobreobis faqtebi ar Semcirebula, Tumca gaxSirda Tavad mekobreebis dapatimrebis SemTxve-vebi.

germaniaSi somaleli mekobreebis pirveli sasamarTlo procesi dekem-berSi Sedga. es oTxasi wlis ganma-vlobaSi germaniaSi mekobreebis wi-naaRmdeg gamarTuli pirveli procesia. erT-erTi braldebuli 13 wlis aris. eqspertebi amboben, rom germanuli sasamarTlo verc amje-rad SeaCerebs mekobreebs, romleb-mac wels ukve 37 gemis datyveveba SeZles.

adamianis uflebebi

somaleli mekobreebis sasamarTlo procesi aSS-Si


fotoproeqti

2007 wels `zaria vostokas~ Senobas Zeglis statusi CamoerTva. 2 Tvis win ki misi ukana nawilis ngreva daiwyo. amJamad nagebobis daaxloebiT erTi mesamedi ukve daSlilia. eqspertebi SiSoben, rom procesi avTentur nawi-lebs azianebs. winaswari sajaro ganxilvisa da diskusiebis gareSe dawyebulma rekonstruqciam arqiteqtorebis, urbanistebis da xelovnebaTmcodneebis protesti gamoiwvia. gasul kviras maT ori aqcia gamarTes. protests Tbiliselebis nawilic SeuerTda. `nu vebrZviT stalinizms stalinis meTodebiT~. `gadavarCinoT Senoba~, `aRudgineT Senobas Zeglis statusi~ _ aseTi iyo demonstrantebis moTxovnebi.

"zaria vostokas" daisi


fotoproeqti

rusTavelis 42-Si gazeT `zaria vostokas~ redaqciis Senoba 1930 wels, somexi xuroTmoZR-vris, daviT Cislevis proeqtiT aigo. Senoba 20-30-iani wlebis arqiteqtoruli mimdinareobis, konstruqtivizmis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani nimuSia. `ime-lis~ SenobasTan erTad `zaria vostoka~ am stilSi agebuli erT-erTi iSviaTi da gamorCeuli nagebobaa saqarTveloSi. ludvig van der rois cnobili germa-nuli pavilionis (1929) Semdeg agebuli `zaria vostokas~ Senoba imis saintereso magaliTicaa, Tu ramdenad male Semodioda saqarTveloSi axali msoflio mimdinareobebi.

`zaria vostokas~ Senobis nacvlad aq multifunqciuri centris ageba igegmeba. centris ori savaraudo proeqti ukve arsebobs.


religia

Tvalsazrisi

saxelmwifos mier eklesiis dafinansebis Sesaxebunda afinansebdes Tu ara saxelmwifo eklesias da Tu _ ki, rogor da ramdeniT?

giga RoRoberiZe, luvenis kaTolikuri universitetis ufrosi mkvlevari, belgia

saxelmwifosa da eklesiis urTier-Toba _ es is Temaa, romelic aqtu-alobas mudmivad inarCunebs. sazo-gadoebis erTi nawili SiSobs, rom marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gavlenis

gaZlierebis gamo saqarTvelom Sesa-Zloa, uari Tqvas sekularuli saxel-mwifos fundamentur principebze.

sakiTxi kompleqsuria da mis yo-vlismomcvel ganxilvaze pretenzia

ar maqvs. minda, Sevexo mxolod erT problemas, romelic diskusiebSi xSi-rad figurirebs: ramdenad misaRebia saxelmwifos mier marTlmadidebeli eklesiis dafinanseba?

fo

to

Tem

o b

arZi

maSvi

li

saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II samebis sakaTedro taZarSi


religia

yvelaze pirdapir es kiTxva 2009 wlis 3 dekembers, xelisuflebis mi-samarTiT Sedgenil mimarTvaSi dais-va, romelsac qarTuli sazogadoebis nawili awerda xels. am CamonaTvalma maSin didi rezonansi gamoiwvia. avto-rebi werdnen: „saxelmwifo biujeti ivseba, rogorc saqarTvelos marTl-madidebeli moqalaqeebis, aseve sxva aRmsareblobis mimdevari, aTeisti da arareligiuri moqalaqeebis gadasaxa-debiT. migaCniaT Tu ara, rom am fon-ze, prezidentisa da mTavrobis sare-zervo fondebidan, aseve sabiujeto saxsrebidan (25 milioni _ 2009 wels) marTlmadidebeli eklesiis dafinan-seba aris diskriminacia da saxelmwi-fos Careva eklesiis saqmianobaSi?“

es kiTxva realurad 2 damoukidebe-li kiTxvisgan Sedgeba:

1. ramdenad misaRebia sekularul saxelmwifoSi saxelmwifos mier ek-lesiis dafinanseba?

2. is faqti, rom finansdeba mxolod marTlmadidebluri eklesia, xom ar arRvevs saqarTvelos aramarTlmadi-debeli mosaxleobis uflebebs?

qarTul mediaSi raime sakiTxze msjelobas erTi cudi Tviseba aqvs _ faqtebsa da argumetebs xSirad lo-zungebi da emociebi sWarbobs. ase rom ar gamomivides, vecdebi, jer evropuli saxelmwifoebis gamocdi-leba aRvwero da mxolod amis Semdeg mogaxsenoT Cemi azric.

italiaSi moqmedebs e.w. rva mea-Tasedis kanoni, romlis mixedviTac gadasaxadis yvela gadamxdels aqvs ufleba, misi saSemosavlo gadasaxa-dis 0.8 procenti gadauricxos ro-melime aRiarebul religiur insti-tucias, an saxelmwifo programas. aRiarebuli eklesiis statusi aqvs 6 organizacias, romlebsac gaforme-buli aqvT Sesabamisi xelSekruleba italiis saxelmwifosTan. am institu-ciebs Soris arcerTi araa marTlma-didebluri an mahmadianuri organiza-cia. xolo Tu pirovneba sagadasaxado deklaraciis Sevsebisas ar miuTiTe-bs, Tu romel organizacias aniWebs

prioritets, maSin misi Semosavlis 0.8 procenti nawildeba sxva moqala-qeebis mier gakeTebuli arCevnis pro-porciulad. am sqemiT, kaTolikuri eklesia wlis ganmavlobaSi iRebs am Tanxis 87 procents, anu _ daaxloe-biT 1 miliard evros. gamodis, rom Tu Tqven xarT marTlmadidebeli an mahmadiani, Tqven ver daafinansebT sakuTar religiur jgufs. xolo Tu ar gamoiyenebT, sakuTar uflebas, gankargoT gadasaxadis nawili, maSin Tqveni gansakargi Tanxis procents kaTolikuri eklesia miiRebs.

belgiaSi yvela tradiciuli kon-fesiis (kaTolicizmi, luTeranizmi, anglikanizmi, marTlmadidebloba, iudeizmi da mahmadianoba) moqmedi sa-suliero piri, anu sasuliero piri, romelsac mrevli hyavs, xelfass sa-

xelmwifosgan iRebs. anu, saxelmwifo uxdis jamagirs briuselSi moRvawe qarTuli eklesiis mRvdelsac.

am mxriv, belgiaSi ZiriTad konfe-siebs Soris balansi daculia. Tumca am dafinansebis garda, saxelmwifo sxva gzebiTac afinansebs religiur organizaciebs, romlis drosac ba-lansi ukve darRveulia. magaliTad, belgiaSi mravlad arsebobs kaTo-likuri skolebi (romlebic Zalian popularulia im mizeziT, rom am skolebSi mahmadiani umciresobis warmomadgenlebi ar swavloben) da maT TiTqmis mTlianad saxelmwifo afinansebs. cxadia, belgiaSi „musli-muri skola“ ar aris da, Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo dafinansebasac ar iRebs.

bevr evropul qveyanaSi arsebobs saeklesio begara (germania, SvedeTi, fineTi, dania, avstria, Sveicaria, islandia). germaniaSi sagadasaxado deklaraciis Sevsebisas gadamxdel-

ma arCevani unda gaakeTos kaToli-kur da protestantul eklesias an arareligiur institucias Soris. zogierTi religiuri umciresoba, ma-galiTad, ebraelebi, saxelmwifos da-xmarebas ar iyeneben da Tavad agrove-ben Tavisi wevrebis religiur begaras mxolod germaniaSi.

sxva qveynebSi, sadac saeklesio be-gara moqmedebs, gadasaxadis gadamx-dels an mxolod dominanti religiis dafinanseba SeuZlia, an aqvs ufleba, Tanxa saerTod ar gadaixados. Tumca am qveynebSi saxelmwifo xSirad dama-tebiT saxsrebs gamoyofs eklesiis-Tvis, romelic, rogorc wesi, domi-nant religias xmardeba. magaliTad, daniis mTavroba dominant eklesias weliwadSi 100 milion evros uxdis. fineTis evangelistur-luTeranuli

eklesia ki saxelmwifosgan damate-biT mogebis gadasaxadiis 1.63 pro-cents iRebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom fi-neTSi morwmuneTa wili mosaxleobis 41 procents Seadgens, xolo ekle-siaSi amaze gacilebiT naklebi ada-miani dadis.

belgiis garda dominanti religiis saeklesio skolebi saxelmwifo dafi-nansebiT arsebobs britaneTSi, avs-triaSi, safrangeTSi, irlandiaSi da germaniaSi. qveynebSi, rogoricaa avs-tria, italia, poloneTi da espaneTi, kaTolike mRvdlebs sajaro skolebSi religiis maswavleblebadac iwveven da xelfass uxdian.

saberZneTi afinansebs mxolod mar-Tlmadidebeli eklesiis warmomad-genlebis ganaTlebas, xelfasebs da pensiebs.

erT-erTi yvelaze liberaluri religiuri kanonmdebloba aqvs li-tvas. litvis kanoni religiis Sesaxeb

italiaSi Tu ar gamoiyenebT sakuTar uflebas,

gankargoT gadasaxadis nawili, maSin Tqveni gansakargi

Tanxis procents kaTolikuri eklesia miiRebs.


aRiarebs 9 tradiciul religias da saxelmwifos daxmareba nawildeba am 9 religiur jgufze. amasTan, kanonis mixedviT, sxva konfesiis warmomad-genlebsac aqvT ufleba, mimarTon litvis parlaments tradiciul re-ligiad aRiarebis moTxovniT, magram amisaTvis maT litvaSi saqmianobis minimum 25-wliani gamocdileba unda gaaCndeT.

Tu am informacias SevajamebT, davinaxavT, rom: saxelmwifo domi-nant an tradiciul eklesiebs raime formiT afinansebs evropis, praqti-kulad, yvela qveyanaSi. dafinanseba xSirad arasimetriulia da dominant

religias upirates mdgomareobaSi ayenebs. aratradiciul religiur jgufebs saxelmwifo, praqtikulad, ar afinansebs. magaliTad, mcdelo-bis miuxedavad, ver vipove evropuli qveyana, romelSic saxelmwifo ieho-vas mowmeebs daafinansebda.

bunebrivad ismis kiTxva: vTqvaT, belgiaSi, sadac mosaxleobis mxolod 43 procenti acxadebs, rom morwmu-nea, xolo eklesiaSi moqalaqeebis 10 procenti dadis, weliwadSi ram-denjerme ki mTeli qveyana kaTolike mRvdlebis morig pedofiliur skan-dalze saubrobs, ratom afinansebs saxelmwifo eklesias?

am sakiTxze Cems ramdenime adgilo-briv aramorwmune megobars vesaubre da maTi pasuxi daaxloebiT ase Sei-Zleba SevajamoT: yvelafris miuxe-davad, saxelmwifo miiCnevs, rom sa-zogadoebis TviTorganizaciisTvis religia saWiro da sasargebloa. ek-lesiebis dafinansebac swored amiTaa ganpirobebuli.

zemoT ganxiluli evropuli gamo-

cdileba cxadyofs kidev erTs: mxo-lod is garemoeba, rom saxelmwifo eklesias afinansebs, sekularobis principis darRvevas ar niSnavs _ Zne-lia, Tundac belgias arasekularuli saxelmwifo uwodo.

pirvel kiTxvaze _ ramdenad misa-Rebia sekularul saxelmwifoSi sa-xelmwifos mier eklesiis dafinanseba _ Cemi pasuxi dadebiTia, miuxedavad imisa, rom religiuri ar var. Tu evropisken mivdivarT, maSin qveyana, romelSic mosaxleobis 86 procen-ti Tavs marTlmadideblad miiCnevs, xolo morwmuneebis saerTo raode-noba kidev ufro didia, saxelmwifo

raRac formiT eklesias unda afi-nansebdes. piradad CemTvis problema dafinanseba ki ara, is formaa, riTac amas qarTuli saxelmwifo akeTebs. es moqrTamvasa Tu indulgenciis gada-saxads ufro waagavs, vidre sazoga-doebisaTvis sasargeblo saqmianobis gaazrebul dafinansebas. gaugebaria, saidan dgindeba marTlmadidebeli eklesiisTvis gamoyofili Tanxis odenoba biujetis Sedgenisas da ra aris am dafinansebis daniSnuleba.

meore SekiTxvaze pasuxi bevrad ufro problematuri mgonia. erTi mxriv, gasagebia, rom yvela moqa-laqe Tanasworia da religiur um-ciresobebsac unda hqondeT saxel-mwifo mxardaWera, Tumca evropuli realoba gviCvenebs, rom ama Tu im formiT dominanti religiuri jgu-fi, praqtikulad, yvelgan upirates mdgomareobaSia. am konteqstSi gau-gebaria, ratom unda viyoT italie-lebze, finelebze an berZnebze ufro didi liberalebi.

saukeTeso gamosavali kompromi-

suli variantis monaxva iqneboda, romelic, erTi mxriv, eWvqveS ar daayenebda marTlmadidebeli ekle-siis dominantur rols, xolo, meo-re mxriv, sxva tradiciuli religiis mimdevrebsac miscemda saSualebas, mieRoT garkveuli saxelmwifo dafi-nanseba.

sakiTxis mogvarebis SesaZlo va-rianti SeiZleba iyos litvuri mo-delis danergva. litvaSi italiis msgavsi sqema moqmedebs. yvela gada-saxadis gadamxdeli Tavad gankargavs mis mier gadaxdili saSemosavlo ga-dasaxadis 2 procents. mas SeuZlia, es Tanxa gadasces nebismier tradiciul religiur, arasamTavrobo an sazoga-doebriv organizacias. aseTi modeli, erTi mxriv, religiuri organizacie-bis garda, uzrunvelyofs arasamTa-vrobo organizaciebis saxelmwifo dafinansebasac, rac xels uwyobs sa-moqalaqo sazogadoebis formireba-sac. bolos da bolos, rodemde unda iyvnen Cveni arasamTavrobo organiza-ciebi ucxouri grantebis anabara.

aseTi sqemis pirobebSi Tavad bene-ficiarebi iqnebian dainteresebuli, rom maTi saqmianoba rac SeiZleba gamWvirvale gaxadon da amiT meti saxsrebis mozidva SeZlon. sagadasa-xado deklaraciebis Sevsebis perio-dSi italiuri televiziebi savsea sareklamo klipebiT kaTolikuri eklesiis saqvelmoqmedo saqmianobis Sesaxeb, romlebic gadamxdelebs mou-wodebs, kaTolikuri eklesia daafi-nanson.

sagulisxmoa isic, rom saqarTve-los tipis qveynebSi saSemosavlo gadasaxadidan Semosuli Tanxa biu-jetis Zalian mcire nawils Seadgens, amitom aseTi xarji biujets didad ver daazaralebs.

saxelmwifosa da marTlmadidebel eklesias SesaZlebelia, hqondeT sxva saerTo miznobrivi proeqtebi, maga-liTad, bavSvTa saxlebi an narkomanTa reabilitaciis centrebi, romlebsac saxelmwifo dafinansebiT eklesia mi-xedavs.

religia

saxelmwifo dominant an tradiciul eklesiebs

raime formiT afinansebs evropis, praqtikulad, yvela

qveyanaSi. dafinanseba xSirad arasimetriulia da

dominant religias upirates mdgomareobaSi ayenebs.


Tvalsazrisi

mark maleni

jinis koeficienti

rogoria Tanasworobis „optimaluri“ done, rogor da rodis

mivaRwevT mas?

jinis koeficienti maTematikuri koncefciaa, romelic italielma maTematikosma korado jinim 1914 wels SeimuSava. dResdReobiT, es ganawilebis uTanasworobis ga-zomvis yvelaze adekvaturi saSu-alebaa, sadac cifri 0 aRniSnavs yvelaze Tanaswors, xolo 100 ki _ uTanasworos. aRniSnuli for-mula yvelafris gasazomad SeiZ-leba gamoviyenoT, magram yvelaze metad is imis dasadgenad gamoiye-neba, Tu ramdenad Tanabrad aris ganawilebuli fuli sxvadasxva qveynebSi.

magaliTad, warmovidginoT, rom arsebobs sofeli usworeTi, sadac 500 adamiani cxovrobs. erT-erTi maTgani TveSi 100 000 dolars gamoimuSavebs, rac daaxloebiT, niuiorkeli an londoneli ma-Rali rangis bankiris xelfasis tolfasia. danarCen mkvidrTa yovelTviuri Semosavali ki Tve-Si 1 dolaria. sofelSi saSualo yovelTviuri Semosavali 201 do-lari gamodis. es arc ise cudia, magram soflis binadarTa ekono-mikur mdgomareobaze bevrs ara-fers gveubneba, imitom, rom so-fels jinis koeficienti maRali aqvs. mezobel sofelSi, romelsac TanabreTi hqvia, aseve 500 adamiani cxovrobs da TiToeuli mosaxle


Tvalsazrisi

TveSi 200 dolars gamoimuSavebs. TanabreTis mosaxleobis saSua-lo Semosavali usworeTze odnav naklebi gamodis, magram sofels jinis koeficienti dabali aqvs. naTelia, rom es ori sofeli erT-maneTisgan kardinalurad gansxva-vdeba, magram, amavdroulad, maT erT sul mosaxleze TiTqmis er-Tnairi saSualo Semosavali aqvT.

yvela qveyana cdilobs, gamdi-drdes da saSualo Semosavlebi gaizardos. amave dros, arsebobs uTanxmoeba imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ramdenad mniSvnelovania Ta-nasworoba. erTi mxare ambobs, rom Tanasworobaze ar unda vidardoT da yvelaze mniSvnelovani mTa-vrobis mier ekonomikaSi naklebi Carevaa. naklebi Carevis Sedegad, xalxi imas gaakeTebs, rac mounde-ba da qveyana ekonomikurad ganvi-Tardeba. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gada-saxadebis meSveobiT, Semosavlebis gadanawileba moxdeba, es adamia-nebs gaazarmacebs. am Teoriis Tu gjera, isic unda daijero, rom mdidari adamianebi mxolod imi-tom arian mdidrebi, rom bevrs muSaobdnen da an sxvebze Wkviane-bi arian. arada, iseTi mdidrebis ricxvi Zalian cotaa, vinc warma-tebas marTla mZime SromiTa da WkuiT miaRwies, maT umravlesobas ubralod gaumarTla da saWiro kavSirebi aRmoaCnda.

sabWoTa kavSiris jinis koefi-cienti danarCen msofliosTan Se-darebiT dabali iyo, magram misi daSlis Semdeg igi sagrZnoblad gaizarda. ruseTi yvelaze ufro naklebad Tanaswori sazogadoe-baa, misi indeqsi _ 42-ia, Tumca mas bevrad arc saqarTvelo da Turq-meneTi CamorCeba, romelTa jinis koeficienti 41-ia. uTanasworobas bevri iseTi faqtori gansazRvra-vs, romelsac mTavroba ver ga-akontrolebs, magaliTad, navTobi da omi, magram danarCen SemTxveve-bSi, politikuri gadawyvetilebe-

bi bevr rames gansazRvravs.sabWoTa kavSiris gareT, indus-

trializaciis Sedegad warmoqm-nilma simdidrem uTanasworoba warmoSva. es ki, Tavis mxriv, aras-tabilurobis gamomwvevi mizezi gaxda. or msoflio oms Soris didi ekonomikuri depresia moxda. meore msoflio omis Semdeg ki, evropam da amerikam didi Zalisx-

meva Cades imaSi, rom omisSemdgom rekonstruqciaSi yvelas metnak-lebad Tanabari monawileoba mie-Ro. am periodSi dasavluri sazo-gadoebebi ufro metad Tanaswori iyo. evropam amgvari politika ga-agrZela, amerikam _ ara.

amerikis jinis koeficienti 1970 wels 35 iyo, magram bolo 40 wlis ganmavlobaSi is mcirdeboda, axla _ 47-mde Camovida. dResdReobiT, mosaxleobis Semosavlebis mixed-viT yvelaze Tanaswori qveynebi evropaSia: SvedeTi, norvegia da avstria. am qveynebis jinis koe-ficienti 20-dan 30-mde meryeobs.

yvelaze naklebad Tanaswori sa-zogadoebebi afrikaSia, sadac ji-nis koeficienti 60-ze metia, la-Tinur amerikaSi _ 50-ze meti.

msoflioSi axla bevrs saubroben imaze, rom Tanasworoba TavisTa-vad kargi mdgomareobaa. am argu-mentis mixedviT, iq, sadac naklebi Tanasworobaa, sazogadoebas iseT sferoebSi eqmneba problemebi, rogoricaa jandacva, ganaTleba da stabiluroba. sxvebi miiCneven, rom is sazogadoebebi, romlebic uTa-nasworobas gadasaxadebis dawese-biT ebrZvian, moqalaqeebis ekono-mikur iniciatiavas aqveiTeben. am qveynebSi, saxelmwifo ajildoebs imaT, vinc ar muSaobs da is xalxi, romelsac ekonomikuri sikeTeebis Seqmna SeuZlia, muSaobis iniciati-vas kargavs. im qveynebs rom Sevxe-doT, romelTac jinis koeficienti dabali aqvT, am Teoriis damadas-turebel magaliTs vipoviT, magram misi, magaliTad, saqarTveloSi, mainc sjeraT.

imis Tqma, Tu romelma jgufeb-ma izarales da ixeires saqarTve-loSi, sxvadasxva ekonomikuri sistemis pirobebSi, advilia. ra Tqma unda, xalxis politika maTi ekonomikuri gamocdilebiT aris nakarnaxevi.

globaluri finansuri krizisis da zogierTi Raribi qveynis bo-lodroindeli ekonomikuri ganvi-Tarebis fonze, uTanasworobis Tema metad aqtualuria da saqar-TveloSic mas ufro met yuradRe-bas unda aqcevdnen. ra Tqma unda, ekonomikuri Tavisufleba mniSvne-lovania da man saqarTvelos gan-viTarebaze dadebiTad imoqmeda, magram rogoria Tanasworobis „optimaluri“ done, rogor da rodis mivaRwevT mas? saerTod, mniSvnelovania ki Tanasworoba? sawyis etapze, imaze mainc unda SevTanxmdeT, rom yvela vinc Ta-nasworobaze saubrobs, bolSeviki ar aris.


sabWoTa kavSiris

jinis koeficienti

danarCen msofliosTan

SedarebiT dabali

iyo, magram misi

daSlis Semdeg igi

sagrZnoblad gaizarda.

ruseTi yvelaze ufro

naklebad Tanaswori

sazogadoebaa, misi

indeqsi _ 42-ia,

Tumca mas bevrad

arc saqarTvelo da

TurqmeneTi CamorCeba.

Tvalsazrisi

giorgi cxadaia

gaxdeba Tu ara feisbuki axali finansuri krizisis mizezi

gaskdeba Tu ara „feisbukis buSti“ imazea damokidebuli, Tu

ramdenad efeqturad daaregulirebs federaluri mTavroba

finansur bazars.

bolo dros `feisbukis~ daxurvasTan dakavSirebiT Wori gavrcelda. Wori dezinformaciuli axali ambebis saa-gentos mier gavrcelebul informacias mohyva (sxvaTa Soris, aseTi saagento qarTul vebsivrceSic arsebobs _ „ni2 niusi~). `feisbukis~ momxmareblebis na-wili aman gansakuTrebiT SeaSfoTa, Tu-mca mogvianebiT, wamyvanma sainformacio saSualebebma es cnoba erTxmad uaryves.

amis miuxedavad, damSvidebis mizezi jerjerobiT aravis gvaqvs. SesaZloa bevrma ar icis, magram bolo dros ekonomistebi erT saSiS movlenaze alaparakdnen, romelsac pirobiTad `feisbukis finansuri buSti“ daerqva. finansuri buStebi iseTi masStaburi krizisebis gamomwvevi yofila, rogo-ricaa 30-iani wlebis „didi depresia“, 1997 wlis aziuri finansuri krizisi da bolodroindeli ekonomikuri recesia.

virtualuri socialuri qselis Ri-rebulebis xelovnurad gaberva aseTi donis kataklizmebs albaT ar gamoiwve-vs, magram misi ganxilva mainc aucile-belia. es momavali safrTxeebisa da finansuri krizisis aridebaSi mTavro-bis rolis gaanalizebaSi dagvexmareba.

finansuri buStebi maSin warmoiqm-neba, rodesac romelime ekonomikur seqtorSi fasebis zrdasa da aqciebis realur Rirebulebas Soris sxvaoba izrdeba. buStebis arseboba, rogorc wesi, SesamCnevi mas Semdeg xdeba, rac isini „skdeba“, anu fasebi katastro-fulad ecema. amis miuxedavad, bevri ekonomisti saubrobs imaze, rom finan-suri buStebis SemCneva da neitrali-zeba maSinac SeiZleba, rodesac isini

warmoiqmneba. `feisbukis~ SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa swored amgvar movlenasTan gvqondes saqme. ra gvaZlevs amis mtki-cebis safuZvels?

sul axlaxan amerikulma sainvesti-cio bankma „Goldman Sachs~-ma da ru-sulma sainvesticio kompania Digital Sky Technology-m `feisbukis~ aqciebis mcire nawili e.w. „meorad bazarze“ da-axloebiT 500 milion dolarad iyides. am Sesyidvis safuZvelze, `feisbukis~ saerTo Rirebuleba 50 miliard dola-rad Sefasda, es ki ufro metia, vidre yahoo!-s da ebay-is Rirebuleba. feis-bukis~ Rirebulebis Sefaseba imis mi-xedviT unda moxdes, Tu ramdenia misi mogeba da perspeqtiva. mogeba ucnobia, perspeqtivebze dava ki SeiZleba.

amJamad `feisbukis~ aqciebis Sesyid-va mxolod „meorad bazarzea“ SesaZ-

lebeli, niu-iorkis safondo birJaze kompaniis aqciebi jer ar gautaniaT. situacias axlodan akvirdeba federa-luri mTavrobis saagento „fasiani qa-Raldebisa da birJebis amerikuli ko-misia“ (SEC). sanam `feisbukis~ aqciebis myidvelTa ricxvi 499-s ar gadaaWarbe-bs, iqamde SEC-i mis saqmeebSi ver Caere-va da kompaniis Sida buRalteriasa da momgebianobas sajarod ver gamoitans. ase rom, axlandeli 50 miliardiani Se-faseba ubralod Goldmans Sachs-is da rusuli sainvesticio kompaniis kerZo Sefasebas efuZneba, romelic SesaZloa, realobisgan Sors iyos.

ratom ar aregulirebs amerikis mTa-vrobis maregulirebeli komisia `feis-bukis~ meorad bazarze gatanil aqcie-bs? maregulirebeli komisiis mizania, rom uzrunvelyos aqciebis myidvelTa


Tvalsazrisi

interesebi da safondo birJaze maqsi-malurad realurad asaxos kompaniis SesaZleblobebi. SEC-i ar aregulire-bs Goldman Sachs-is mier `feisbukis~ aqciebis SeZenas, radgan Tvlis, rom msxvili investorebi Tavadac efe-qturad moaxdenen kompaniis realuri Rirebulebisa da perspeqtivebis dad-genas. ekonomistebis nawili ki varau-dobs, rom Goldman Sachs-i, romelic amerikis federaluri mTavrobis finan-sur resursebzea mibmuli (ise, rogorc es 2008 wlis finansuri krizisis dros moxda), ver moaxdens kompaniis Rirebu-lebis adekvatur Sefasebas da amerikis mTavrobis mxardaWeriT Segulianebu-

li, sarisko garigebaze wava.`feisbukis~ garSemo atexili speku-

laciebi Zalian hgavs 90-iani wlebis meore naxevris `doT qomis“ buSts. aRniSnul periodSi safondo birJaze iseTi kompaniebis aqciebis fasi, rom-lebsac internetis sivrcis aTvisebis pretenzia hqondaT, aranormalurad gaizarda, Semdeg ki „gaskda“. „doT qom“ kompaniebis nawils realuri mo-geba arasdros moutania da mxolod sastarto kapitalis Sedinebaze iyvnen damokidebuli.

SEC-i `feisbukis~ aqciebis SeZenasTan dakavSirebul ambebSi aqtiurad Carevas apirebs da es wina periodTan Sedare-biT, SesaZloa dadebiTi cvlilebebisa da katastrofis aridebis maniSnebeli iyos. buSis prezidentobis dros, 2003-2007 wlebSi amerikis federalurma sarezervo bankma ver SeZlo regula-ciebis amoqmedeba bankebis, ipoTekis gamcemi da sxva tipis gamsesxebeli or-ganizaciebis mosaTokad da finansuri bazris jansaRi muSaobis aRsadgenad.

Sedegad, amerikis da msoflios isto-riaSi bolo 40 wlis manZilze uprece-dento masStabis ekonomikuri krizisi miviReT, romelmac msoflio ekonomi-kis mTeli sistema riskis qveS daayena.

2008 wlis finansuri krizisis wina periodi araregulirebuli finansuri bazris gansakuTrebuli aqtivobiT ga-moirCeoda. uZravi qonebis SeZena xSir SemTxvevaSi Tavisuflad SeiZleboda piradi Semosavlebis dadasturebis gareSe (e.w. subprime mortgage), razec Semdeg mTeli finansuri struqtu-ra daefuZna. sqema aseTia: msesxebeli sesxulobda Tanxas, magram yovelTviur gadasaxads aZlevda ara gamsesxebels,

aramed specialur organizaciebs, rom-lebic Semdgom am valdebulebas yidd-nen investorebze. Sedegad, msesxeblis mier Tanxis dabrunebaze iyo damokide-buli ramdenime finansuri institutis funqcionireba. rodesac msesxeblebma fuli ver gadaixades, finansuri siste-ma daiSala.

meti gamWvirvalobis pirobebSi, msesxeblebis mier sesxis dabrunebis albaToba gaizrdeboda da SesaZloa, krizisic ar momxdariyo. ekonomikuri krizisis Semdeg, obamas mTavrobam fi-nansur bazrebze regulaciebi gaamka-cra. SEC-is axlandeli saqmianobebic swored amis dasturia.

SEC-i imuqreba, rom saWiroebis Se-mTxvevaSi, „feisbukis“ aqciebs sajarod gaitans. Goldman Sachs-i apirebs spe-cialuri sainvesticio fondis Seqmnas, romelic investorebs saSualebas mis-cems feisbukSi~ 1.5 miliardi dolaris investicia Cadon. Tu SEC-i CaTvlis, rom es fondi imisTvis Seiqmna, rom „feisbukis“ sajarod gamotanas xeli

SeuSalos, is Caereva da `feisbuks~ ai-Zulebs, aqciebi birJaze gaitanos (sa-dac aqciebis sandoobis gadamowmebis meti meqanizmi arsebobs).

iseTma avtoritetulma gamocemamac ki, rogoric „niu-iork taimsia“, 6 ian-vars saerTaSoriso savaluto fondis yofili mTavari ekonomistis saimon jonsonis statia dabeWda, sadac es ukanaskneli „feisbukis buStze“ Riad saubrobs. jonsonis azriT, Tu `feis-buki~ marTlac Seqmnis buSts da amaSi Goldman Sachs-i iqneba CaTreuli, Se-degebi gacilebT ufro mZime iqneba, vidre `doT qom~-is buStis dros iyo.

marTalia, `feisbukis~ Semosavlebis Sesaxeb bevri araferi viciT, magram Goldman Sachs-ic da sxva investore-bic varaudoben, rom momxmareblebis am tempiT zrdis SemTxvevaSi, vebsait-ze „miznobrivi reklamis“ SesaZleblo-bebic gaizrdeba. miznobrivi reklama `feisbukis~ administracias saSuale-bas aZlevs, rom konkretuli gasayidi produqtis samizne auditoria zustad daadginos da reklamis SemkveTebi moi-zidos. ra moxdeba maSin, Tu amerikis an msoflios sxva mTavrobebi `feis-bukze~ momxmareblebis informaciis sa-jaroobas SezRudaven da cukerbergis kompanias am informaciis komerciuli miznebisTvis gavrcelebas aukrZala-ven? albaT, am SemTxvevaSi, kompaniis aqciebis Rirebuleba daecema da „buS-tic~ gaskdeba.

warsulSi „doT qomisa“ da uZravi qo-nebis da axla ukve `feisbukis~ SesaZlo buStis arseboba imis dasturia, rom finansuri bazrebi regulaciebis gare-Se qaosSi iZireba. amis mizezi investo-rebis xelSi arasakmarisi informaciis qona, gaumarTlebel riskebze wasvla da gamWvirvalobis naklebobaa. samive SemTxvevaSi, msoflios did mTavrobebs krizisebis warmoqmnaSi mniSvnelovani wvlili miuZRviT. masobrivma deregu-laciebma „did recesiamde“ migviyvana, vnaxoT, ramdenad gonivrulad moiqce-va amerikis federaluri mTavroba „feisbukis“ da Goldman Sachs-is ur-TierTobis daregulirebis dros.

warsulSi „doT qomisa“ da uZravi qonebis da axla

ukve `feisbukis~ SesaZlo buStis arseboba imis

dasturia, rom finansuri bazrebi regulaciebis

gareSe qaosSi iZireba.


mediakritika

31 dekembris eqstremaluri Rame

ninia kakabaZe

daviwyoT axali weli msubuqad. araviTari kritikuli analizi da

Sefaseba, mxolod mimoxilva.

Cemgan ar geswavlebaT da ambo-ben, axal wels rogorc Sexvdebi, ise gaatareb mTel momdevno wel-so. SarSan karerasTan da sofo ni-JaraZesTan erTad SevxvdiT axal 2010-s da wlis miwuruls domingo Camovida. niJaraZem mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi monatrebis mizezi ar mogvca. wels isev niJaraZe, ba-toni andrea boCeli, patriarqi da prezidenti _ maTTan erTad gava-cileT 2010-is bolo wuTebi da Se-vxvdiT 2011-s. wlis ganmavlobaSi es wminda sameuli: sofo niJaraZe, saqarTvelos patriarqi da saqar-Tvelos prezidenti gagvyveba. ai, vin Secvlis andrea boCelis (da kris deburgs) _ sakiTxavi es aris?!

ramdenime sakiTxi, romelic gan-sakuTrebuli sicxadiT Cndeba xolme saaxalwlo dReebSi. mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi Cemi saxlis te-levizori rom ar CairTos, erTi

mavne tradiciis Sesabamisad, 31 dekembridan irTveba da ramdenime dRis ganmavlobaSi gugunebs. zogs axal welTan erTad axali cxovre-bis, axali etapis dasawyisis mo-lodini aqvs; ai, me ki, yovel axal wels, romelime satelevizio arxze mainc, karg gadacemas veli. Tinei-jerobis asakis Semdeg gadaveCvie saaxalwlo wveulebebze siaruls da davrCi teleekranis amara. erTi SevniSne, satelevizio Jurnalis-tebi sakuTar benefiss awyoben. mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi ekranze rom ar Candnen, vifiqrebdi, ama-Tac undaT gamomzeureba-meTqi, magram... rogor xvdebian Jurna-listebi axal wels, Jurnalistebi SvilebTan erTad, Jurnalistebi mSoblebTan erTad, Jurnalistebi mekvled ojaxSi, Jurnalistebi sa-sacilo situaciebSi e.w. `kurioze-bis~ ganyofilebaSi, Jurnalistebis

damzadebuli gozinayi, vis uyvars CurCxela, vis ramxela naZvis xe udgas saxlSi, visi `verxuSka~ jobs da a.S. erTi sityviT, Tu rame sai-dumlo dagvitova `cxovrebiseul-ma~ (`Jizneni~) tok-Souebma Jur-nalistebis Sesaxeb, 31 dekembers yvelaferi SevityveT. `sazogado-ebrivma mauwyebelma~ z. Sengelias mier danergil Zvel tradicias ar uRalata da saaxalwlo himni Cawe-ra, modernistuli elementebiT _ bavSvebTan, anu SvilebTan erTad. erTi sityviT, satelevizio mediis warmomadgenlebma saaxalwlod TviTreprezentacia moaxdines.

yvelas gaxsovT dro, rodesac yvela satelevizio arxi gvaCvene-bda `bedis ironias~ da ukanasknel wlebSi `bedis ironia 2~-s, magram mas Semdeg, rac rusul-qarTuli urTierTobis simwvavem piks mia-Rwia, sabednierod, es filmebi

saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II-is saaxalwlo milocva andrea boCeli da sofo niJaraZe baTumSi gamarTul koncertze


CavxseniT saaxalwlo tv-badidan. axla ar vici, ra mizeziT, an ro-mel sociologiur gamokiTxvas veyrdnobiT, magram faqtia, rom saTiTaod yvela arxi saaxalwlo ganwyobis Sesaqmnelad qarTul filmebs iyenebs. `londre~, `rac ginaxavs, veRar naxav~, `siyvaruli yvelas unda~ da (wels ar minaxa-vs, magram savaraudod, iqneboda) `kuCxi bedineri~. sxvisi ar vici, magram me, zamTris siciviT Sewu-xebuls, praqtikulad, SiSvlad motantale londres yurebisas, mxolod erTi natvra mitriale-bs xolme TavSi _ netav, zafxu-li iyos! Tumca, ra viciT, iqneb vinmes swored SiSveli sxeulebis yurebisas eqmneba saaxalwlo si-myudrovis gancda.

isev axali wlis Rames davubrun-deT. pirveli da TvalSi sacemi ko-

mizmi, romelic Cvens simwiresa Tu sipataraveze migviTiTebda, is iyo, rom sam nacionalur arxze parale-lur reJimSi, erTi da igive saes-trado momRerlebi sxvadasxva kos-tiumebSi da sxvadasxva adgilidan gvimRerodnen. magram amas Tavisi obieqturi mizezi aqvs _ es varT, rac varT. ai, subieqturi mizezi sxva rames aqvs...

SemaSfoTeblad anaqronistu-li, gnebavT retrograduli iyo `sazogadoebrivi arxis~ gadacema-koncerti, savaraudo saxelwode-biT `galuboi aganiok~. studiaSi Tu darbazSi 50-iani wlebis sa-xelmwifo televiziis aCrdilebi daiarebodnen. 31 dekembris Ramem TiTqos drois manqaniT warsulSi gadagviyvana da swored es gaxl-

daT `sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis~ saaxalwlo saCuqari telemayure-blebisaTvis. gmadlob, batono gia, sabWoTa warsulisadmi nostalgiu-ri sentimentebis gaRvivebisaTvis.

igive da aranaklebi efeqturo-biT Segvisrula, magram gansxvave-buli formiT gadagvisrola maia asaTianis saaxalwlo gadacemam sa-bWoTa warsulSi. Zveli qarTuli kinohitebis musikaluri nomrebi Tanamedrove SesrulebiT. Tumca ar ifiqroT, rom es remiqsebi iyo. am musikalur nomrebs axalgazrda saestrado momRerlebi asrulebd-nen Zvel stilSi. medea jafariZis, anu qeTos rolSi maia asaTiani iyo da swored is warmogvidgenda war-sulis aCrdilebs. Tuki saestra-do varskvlavebis erTferovneba obieqturad gasagebia, maT reper-tuars ukve Zalian subieqturi mi-

zezi aqvs _ sabWoTa saqarTvelos nostalgia. Tumca ra aris am mi-zezis mizezi, es ukve seriozuli werilis sagania. axla xom SevTan-xmdiT, mxolod mimovixilavdiT sa-axalwlo telemauwyeblobas.

satelevizio gadacemebis fonze, Zalian ususurad gamoiyureboda, ufro sworad, ismineboda radio eTeri. `rogor xvdebian xelovane-bi axal wels?~ _ yuri movkari aseT gadacemas. yovel wels vikvlevT da vigebT, rogor xvdebian cnobi-li adamianebi axal wels da verc erTxel veraferi gansakuTrebuli da originaluri ver gavigeT. an ki rogor unda Sexvdnen? ra unda ga-akeTon gansakuTrebuli? gozinays veraferi Secvlis imitom, rom yve-laze gemrielia, arc sacivia cudi

mediakritika

da arc xaladeci~. yvela naZvis xes dgams, erTmaneTs saCuqrebs Cuqnis da a.S. im cnobili adamianebis ar mikvirs, romelnic verafer origi-nalurs ver yvebian, magram vinc am gadacemebs Tu reportaJebs amza-debs, imaTi ki gamkvirvebia, netav ras elian? ras moismenen axals? esec Zveli, daStampuli azrovne-bis Sedegia, rom aravis afiqrdeba wavides da gaigos, rogor xvde-ba axal wels am qveynis nebismie-ri, rigiTi moqalaqe, magaliTad, im ramdenime aTasidan erTi mainc, romelic gaWirvebis zRvars miRma imyofeba. maSin, rodesac Cveni sa-xlebi goWebiT, indaurebiT, qaTme-biT, Roris kanWebiT ivseba, kargi iqneba, Tuki vinme Segvaxsenebs, rom aris ojaxebi, sadac saaxalwlod nigozsac ver yiduloben. aba, ram-denjer unda movisminoT da vnaxoT

_ `rogor xvdebian axal wels xe-lovanebi?!~

ai, xom xedavT, mainc Semomepara paTetikuri sentimentebi. imitom, rom arc axali weli miyvars da arc dResaswaulebi. qarTuli media ki wlis bolosTvis Semonaxuli finan-suri Tu inteleqtualuri resurse-biT siaxlis Tu momavlis imedis yve-la molekulas sabolood anadgurebs. adamiani Tavis namdvil saxes eqstremalur situaciaSi aCen-so, asea Cveni mediis saqmec. TiTqos ras unda elode erTwliani dakvir-vebis Semdeg, wlis bolos, magram axali wlis eqstremalur Rames misi namdvili saxe yvelaze mkafiod Cans. gilocavT axal 2011 wels, ukeTess gisurvebT, sofo niJaraZeze uke-Tessac ki.

pirveli da TvalSi sacemi komizmi, romelic Cvens simwiresa Tu sipataraveze

migviTiTebda, is iyo, rom sam nacionalur arxze paralelur reJimSi, erTi da igive

saestrado momRerlebi sxvadasxva kostiumSi da sxvadasxva adgilidan gvimRerodnen.


sporti

rao da maradonao

gio axvlediani

mgoni, saqme marTlac iqiT midis, rom

wleuls premier-ligaSi kidev erTi

ucxoeli mwvrTneli gamoCndeba. es ga-

sakviri araa, msoflios yvelaze Ronieri

safexburTo ligis klubebSi axal mwvr-

Tnels TiTqmis yoveldRe eZeben.

am sezonSi klubTa mepatroneebi yo-

velgvari mizeziTa Tu umizezod iTxo-

ven samsaxuridan mSvenier mwvrTnelebs

da maT nacvlad mohyavT aseve mSvenieri

mwvrTnelebi, an aramSvenieri mwvrTne-

lebi da droebiTi Semcvlelebi, raTa

sezonis bolomde miaTrion gundi da

mere ki marTla mSvenieri mwvrTneli

moiyvanon, romelsac aseve iolad See-

levian, Tuki sul male gundis cxrilis

pirvel xuTeulSi, ufro ki oTxeulSi

Setenvas ver moaxerxebs.

wleuls iseTma kacebma dakarges sam-

saxurebi da iseT kacebs emuqrebaT sa-

msaxuris dakargva, rom pirdapir cre-

mli mogadgeba Tvalze. magram ras izam,

premier-ligaa da klubebis axlandeli

patronebic srulad ar hgvanan Zvel

patronebs.

Tqva kidec ser aleqs fergiusonma,

imaT, vinc samsaxurebi dakarges, fex-

burTSi dasamtkicebeli araferi aqvT,

isini didebuli specialistebi arian, ma-

gram axlandel, ucxoel patronebs Zvel-

Tagan gansxvavebiT, moTmineba ara aqvTo.

es, albaT, didma fulma icis.

sul bolo daTxovnili `liverpulSi~

sul raRac eqvs Tves namuSevari roi ho-

jsoni gamodga. misi skami keni dalgliS-

ma daikava. adgilis simciris gamo, imis

moyola gagviWirdeba, Tu vin gaxlavT

es ori kaci fexburTisTvis, Tumca ki

dalgliSis xelSi `liverpulma~ ukve

moaswro xuT dReSi ori TamaSis wageba

da ra azri aqvs xolme aseT cvlilebas,

Zneli gamosacnobia.

hojsons win uswro `bleqbernis~ mene-

jerma sem alardaisma, did semad wode-

bulma, rTuli xasiaTisa da arcTu umwi-

kvlo finansuri warsulis kacma, magram

udavod pirvel samTagan erTma saukeTe-

so ingliselma mwvrTnelma.

TviT fabio kapelom Tqva, wlevande-

li sezoni misi didebuli samwvrTnelo

azrovnebis niSniTac midiso.

mere ra, rom misi bleqberni~ cxrilis

meore naxevarSi imyofeboda? mieciT

dRevandeli bleqbernis~ fexburTelebi

vinme sxvas da rac gamova, vnaxoT. ai,

dgas mis adgilas droebiTi mwvrTneli

da ra? arc araferi icvleba. metic, Se-

degebi uaresia.

saqme isev klubis patronebSia.

gasul SemodgomiT `bleqberni~ mZ-

leTamZle indurma ojaxma iyida. raos

sagvareulo Zalian mdidaria da saer-

Todac, `bleqberni~ pirveli premierli-

guri klubia, indoelebma rom SeiZines.

hoda, raoebma pirveli rac gaakeTes,

is iyo, rom didi semi moxsnes, aqaoda,

`manCester iunaitedTan~ 1-7 waagoo.

vis aRar waugia `manCesterTan~ 4, 5, 6

burTiT? da saerTod, vis ar waugia?

mauriniom waago, 0-5 `barselonasTan~.

magram is xalxi, vinc pirvelad ebmeba

safexburTo saqmeSi, xSirad cota uc-

naurad fiqrobs fexburTze.

raoebmac gadawyvites, imisTvis rom

patara klubi wamovqaCoT, didi saxeli

gvindao.

swored ase gamoZvra Worebis xlarTi-

dan diego maradona, romelmac swored

gasul kviras gamoacxada, TebervalSi

londonSi Cavdivar da erT inglisur

klubs unda movelaparako mwvrTnelobis

sakiTxze, Tavs ar viklav, magram vnaxoT,

ras SemomTavazebeno.

eSmakobs diego.

zafxulidan moyolebuli, Tavsac

iklavs da inglisSi siarulsac mouxSi-

ra, radgan icis, aq mwvrTnelebs iseTi

xelfasebi aqvT, rom aravis daesizmre-

ba da Tanac, Tu mwvrTnelis saxeli ise

JRers, rogorc misi saxeli, iq kargi

Tanxis moxsnac SeiZleba.

diegos ki didi gasavali aqvs: ojaxi,

ojaxebi, diegouri cxovreba. amitomac

iyo, rom jer kidev agvistoSi `aston

vilas~ mwvrTnelobas uwinaswarmetyve-

lebdnen, axla `fulemsac~ axseneben, ma-

gram, cxadia, xalxi, visac is unda, `ble-

qbernSia.~

saqme eg aris mxolod, ramden xans ga-

aCereben diegos mwvrTnelad.

ise ki, Sou didebuli iqneba, premier-

ligas uyvars, roca mwvrTneli Sous

awyobs. age, maurinio dRemde axsovT.

ise, rac diegos waugia, oTxi, xuTi...

ra vici, ramdeni burTiT. rogorc mwvr-

Tnels, rasakvirvelia. didi semic egre

iyo. fexburTi, saerTod, egrea.


me rom TbilisSi pirvelad Camosuli ucxoeli viyociklidan "TbilisSi saseirno marSrutebi". teqsti pirveli

kaxa Tolordava

qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi

me rom TbilisSi sul pirvelad Ca-mosuli vinme ucxoeli viyo da aq yo-fnis pirvelsave dilas, sruliad Se-mTxveviT, qalaqSi uazrod yialisas, mSrali xidis gavliT zaarbriukenis moedanze movxvde da warmodgena ar mqondes, ra mimarTulebiT gavagrZe-lo gza, albaT, intuicias mivendobo-di da mose gogiberiZis quCas avuyve-bodi. ra Tqma unda, ar mecodineboda am quCis dasaxeleba, magram eg ara-feri, radganac sul ramdenime wuT-Si, mixeil winamZRvriSvilis quCa ise momxiblavda Tavisi rkinis aivnebiani aguris saxlebiT, ramdenime arcTu urigo rkinisave WiSkriT da xelmar-cxniv saxlze jariskacebiviT Camwkri-vebuli sxvenebiT, rom ukve darwmu-nebuli viqnebodi _ sworad moviqeci qalaqis am ubanSi rom Semovexete da xidze movaWreebTan ar davrCi. wina-mZRvriSvilis quCas TiTqmis bolom-de Cavuyvebodi, magram mere isev amave quCas amovuyvebodi ukan da tyviavis quCaze Cavuxvevdi saxlebis fasade-bze ornamentebisa da bareliefebi-saTvis Tvalis Sesavlebad. tyviavis CixSi odnav gakvirvebuls damtovebda gverdze gadaxrili aguris saxli da ukve winamZRvriSvilze dabrunebuls, erT-erTi ezos TaRiani Sesasvleli lomis bareliefiT TaRis Tavze, sa-dac gavbedavdi, Sevidodi, da mere ki interesiT davuwyebdi Tvalierebas iqve, TaRis qveS SeyuJul, kedelze akrul erTi cicqnakibeebian sacxo-

vrebels. ara, ezoSi bolomde Sesvlas jer ver gavbedavdi, darwmunebuli ar viqnebodi, adgilobrivebis mxri-dan daupatiJebeli ucxoelebisadmi keTilganwyobaSi, magram rom icodeT, rogori survili meqneboda Tundac ramdenime wamiT SemeWyita im ezoeb-Si, dagragnili rkinis Tu xis kibe-ebiT movxvedriliyavi im erTmaneTSi Semaval-gamaval aivnebze, SemeWyita

ucnob biografiebSi da ojaxur dra-mebSi. ara, amas axla ver gavbedavdi! amis magivrad quCaSi davbrundebodi, winamZRvriSvilze, marcxniv gavxeda-vdi qurdianis mokle quCas, davfiqr-debodi Camexvia Tu ara, magram isev da isev intuiciis karnaxiT xelmar-jvniv avuyvebodi CerniSevskis quCas orsarTuliani saxlis Tavze dasku-

pebuli `lukovicisaTvis~ Tvalis Sesavlebad. cota xans vidgebodi da vuyurebdi am saxls, Sevecdebodi, warmomedgina vis SeeZlo ecxovra aq adre da vin cxovrobda axla, mere ki patara skveris gaswvriv gavagrZele-bdi gzas ivane javaxiSvilis quCaze, isev da isev davtkbebodi calkeuli Sesasvlelebis silamaziT, adgil-ad-gil, ezoebSi Sexedvisas, gavikvirve-bdi iqaurebis ugemovnobas, davfiqr-debodi Camexvia Tu ara xelmarcxniv, kolau nadiraZis quCaze da Cavuxve-vdi kidec quCis boloSi, xelmarcxniv mdgari, erT-erTi saxlis silamaziT moxibluli, xolo im saxlis gverdze aRmovaCendi kidev ufro lamaz, xis fasadiani saxlebiT garSemortymul ezos, ori uzarmazari xiT im ezos SuagulSi. ase vidgebodi cota xans, iqaurobiT monusxuli, mere ki isev javaxiSvilis quCaze davbrundebodi da marjvniv avuxvevdi. ase movxvde-bodi turgenevis quCaze, romlis gavliTac arnold Ciqobavas quCaze gavidodi, marjvniv gavuxvevdi, ram-denime metrSi xelmarcxniv Sevuyve-bodi sabWos Sesaxvevs da zemoTken gavagrZelebdi gzas. sabWos da goci-riZis gzajvaredinze ukve mecodine-boda labirinTSi rom movxvdi, Tumca es ar SemaSinebda, piriqiT, Tavgada-savals mowyurebuli, brmad Sevuxve-vdi marcxniv da kidev erT gzajvare-dinze misuli, wverebiani, Camoxeul tansacmliani velosipedistis da-

erTi SexedviT,

sakmaod aramdidrul

ubanSi, yvelaze

metad `mersedesebis~

raodenoba

gamakvirvebda da,

albaT, swored es

mibiZgebda am axali

sivrcis gamosakvlevad.


qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi

naxvaze, marjvniv avuxvevdi da qviT mokirwylul aRmarTs Sevudgebodi, dabali saxlebis fanjrebidan Tu ke-dlebidan cxvirgamoyofili milebi-dan amosul bolSi gaxveul quCas. im quCis boloSi gasuls, lamazi saxlis aivnidan ZaRli damiyefda, xolo TviTon is quCa, terenti granelis, ori mimarTulebiT SemomTavazebda seirnobis gagrZelebas. xelmarjvniv aRmarTs avuyvebodi, radganac SevamC-nevdi, rom es quCa pirdapir cas eja-xeba. adgilobrivi rom vyofiliyavi, aucileblad gameRimeboda erTi qal-batonis sityvebze, Tavis mezobels rom gadasZaxa aivnidan, _ uime, ro-gor gasuqebula es Cemi kata am Soba-axalwlebze, gogo! _ magram radganac aqauri ena ar mecodineboda, Rimilis gareSe frTxilad daveSvebodi ci-cabo daRmarTze, qvemoT gadaSlili saxuravebis fardagis mimarTulebiT. qvemoT Casuli, zurab qvliviZis quCas avuyvebodi da aq uecrad mivxvdebodi (saidan unda vicode svaneTis ubnis siaxloves rom movxvdi?), rom gzas Tu gavagrZeleb qalaqis sxva ganzomi-lebaSi movxvdebi, _ aq yvelaferi be-vrad ufro qaoturia da damamSvide-bel simetrias moklebulia. da mainc, sanaxavi, albaT, aqac bevri unda iyos. erTi SexedviT, sakmaod aramdidrul ubanSi, yvelaze metad `mersedesebis~ raodenoba gamakvirvebda da, albaT, swored es mibiZgebda am axali si-vrcis gamosakvlevad. ra Tqma unda,

isev cas Setakebul quCas avuyvebo-di, romelic eklesiis gumbaTiT da gumbaTis Tavze jvriT mTavrdeba da sruliad moulodnelad labirinTis sazRvrebs miRma aRmovCndebodi, man-qanebiT gadatvirTul quCaze. isev da isev gavikvirvebdi qalaqis ase mou-lodnelad dakargul saxes, Tumca quCis gadaRma, ferdobze Sefenili gansxvavebuli labirinTis danaxvaze, mainc momindeboda rodesme iqac Se-xireba. amjerad amisgan Tavs Sevikave-bdi da sanacvlod marcxniv Cavuyve-bodi gzas, isev terenti granelis quCaze. gzaSi aucileblad viyiddi erT aqaur cxel lavaSs, pirdapir sacxobidan, saidanac gamovardnili suni gamaxsenebda, rom Zalian momSi-vda da ReWva-ReWviT Cavuvlidi ekle-siis SesasvlelTan moxatul kedels da namdvilad ver gavbedavdi im cxe-nosnebiT da abjarasxmuli meomrebiT moxatuli Wyetela kedlis fonze mdgari ludis mylurwavi kacebisa-Tvis fotos gadaRebas. samagierod, Tvali gamepareboda Cems win qusle-bis bakuniT mimavali qalisken da mis yurebaSi garTuli verc ki SevamC-nevdi, rom sruliad moulodnelad qalaqma isev uwindeli ieri SeiZina, mazniaSvilis quCaze. lavaSiT xelSi da kvlav ReWva-ReWviT daveSvebodi am quCaze ukve im gadawyvetilebiT, rom sastumroSi dabrunebis droc movida, Tumca ninoSvilis quCis ku-TxeSi aucileblad SemaCerebda jer

sruliad gamaognebeli silamazis, gacrecil-firuzisfer-fasadiani sa-xli, mere ki mis mopirdapire mxares, albaT, sabWoTa periodSi aRmarTuli Senoba. ho, mazniaSvilis TeqvsmetSic SevCerdebodi, im lamazi, wagrZele-buli saxlis fasadis Tvalis Sesav-lebad. amis Semdeg me ukve isev wina-mZRvriSvilze viqnebodi, ai im quCaze, antikvaruli avejebis gamyidvelebs Tavisi saqoneli pirdapir quCaSi rom aqvT gamofenili. RmerTo, rom ico-deT, rogor momindeboda aq ufro didi xniT gaCereba, gansakuTrebiT stalinis im uzarmazari suraTis da-naxvaze, saxlis kedelze romaa miyu-debuli! swored im suraTis Tvalie-rebisas ukve mesamed Cavyofdi fexs ZaRlis qaqSi, ar vici, romel enaze SevikurTxebodi, quCasve Sevawmenddi mis mier morTmeul qaqs da miuxeda-vad amisa, Zalian, Zalian karg xasiaT-ze Cavuyvebodi sundukianis ulamazes quCas. srul siCumeSi. aq ukve darw-munebuli viqnebodi, rom samSvidobos var gamosuli da rom Cemi pirveli ga-seirneba ucxo qalaqSi keTilad das-rulda. mere ki, quCis bolos wiTel tradiciul tansacmelSi (aba, saidan mecodineboda, rom es Coxaa, xolo Tavsaburavi ki yabalaxi?) gamowyo-bil axalgazrdas davinaxavdi da al-baT swored am dros vigrZnobdi, Tu rogor minda, am qalaqze ufro meti vicode.


am mcire replikis dawera Jur-nal `cxeli Sokoladis~ dekembris nomris wakiTxvis Semdeg gadavwyvi-te, ufro zustad ki, baton paata sabelaSvilis Canaxatis gacnobis Semdeg, romelic proeqtis, `Cemi prezidentis~ erT-erTi nawilia. vadastureb ra Cems pativiscemas xsenebuli avtoris mimarT, aqve ar SemiZlia, ar gamovexmauro misi teqstis finalur pasaJs, romelic, cota ar iyos, usamarTlod meCve-na.

statiis dasasruls vigebT, rom avtori ar Tvlis mixeil saakaS-vils Tavis prezidentad, raki man Tbilisis erT-erT quCas cnobili homofobis, poloneTis yofili prezidentis, lex kaCinskis saxeli uwoda. cxadia, SesaZloa uamravi mizezi arsebobdes imisa, Tu ratom unda gaRizianebdes (an ar gaRizia-nebdes) mixeil saakaSvili da avto-ris poziciac, rogorc ityvian, `kerZoa~, magram me, rogorc sa-qarTvelos erTma (2008 wlis omis dros friad SeSinebulma) rigiTma moqalaqem mainc vigrZeni garkveu-li uxerxuloba poloneTis gar-dacvlili prezidentis mimarT. SesaZloa, is marTlac yofiliyo SemCneuli `arazomier~ konserva-tivizmSi, magram Tqveni ar vici da me ki Zalian mikvirs, ratom unda dagamaxsovrdes es kaci mxo-lod rogorc `kacTmoZule~ da ara imiT, Tu rogor dadga Sens gver-diT SenTvis yvelaze mZime dros. cxadia, homofobia (iseve, rogorc

laSa buRaZe, mwerali

dagvianebuli komentari

`fobiaTa~ sxva mravali profili) problemaa da aq sadavoc arafe-ria, magram ara mgonia, samarTlia-ni iyos lex kaCinskis mxolod `ase~ daxasiaTeba. arc is mgonia samar-cxvino, rom Tbilisis erT-erT quCas misi saxeli ewoda, romelic, vfiqrob, absoluturad obieqtu-ri madlierebis Jesti iyo da ara, vTqvaT, mliqvnelur-vulgaruli, rogorc jorj buSis saxelobis quCis SemTxvevaSi.

gamovtydebi, erTgvari ucnau-ri fatalisturi seniT gaxlavarT

daavadebuli _ zogierTisa ar iyos, mec mjera, rom daweril te-qsts (rogori xarisxisac ar unda iyos igi) imaze meti mniSvneloba aqvs, vidre erTi SexedviT Cans. paradoqsia, magram sruliad um-niSvnelo teqstebsac ki SeswevT imis Zala, rom garkveuli stere-otipebi Seqmnan, da ara mxolod stereotipebi, istoriac ki. lex kaCinskize saqarTveloSi bevri araferi dawerila da, cota ar iyos, mewyina, roca vifiqre, rom zogierTebi, vinc `cxeli Soko-ladis~ am nomers waikiTxavdnen, zemoT xsenebuli avtoris bral-deba-stereotipis mixedviT daima-xsovrebdnen am adamians. Cven xom uamravi ucnauri Tviseba gvaqvs: madlierebis gamoxatva saTaki-lo saqmed migvaCnia, SegviZlia, uswrafesad daviviwyoT, rogorc Rirseuli, agreTve, uRirsi da cudi saqcieli (es Tanabrad pro-blematuria) da aseve Cqara-Cqara gvCvevia movlenebisTvis Tu ada-mianebisTvis araswori saxelebis darqmeva...

da bolos, zogadi komentaris saxiT: agresiuli homofobebi (gan-sakuTrebiT _ Sinaurebi) mec maRi-zianeben, magram ukve aranakleb komikurad gamoiyurebian maTTan aqtiurad dapirispirebulnic _ orive mxare mxolod `subieqturi seqsualuri prizmidan~ aRiqvams samyaros. Tvalsawieri ki, dameTan-xmebiT, orive SemTxvevaSi metad viwroa.

Tvalsazrisi


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