2012 წლის პუბლიკაცია -

ra unda vicodeT saqarTvelodan evrokavSiris bazarze aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis eqsportirebisaTvis

Tbilisi 2012 evrokavSiri - saqarTvelos biznessabWo

evrokavSiri 27 evropuli saxelmwifos* politikur-ekonomikuri gaerTianebaa, romelic TandaTanobiT, 50 wliani istoriis manZilze viTardeboda. dRes evrokavSiris saxelmwifoebs Soris sazRvrebi Riaa da maT saerTo savaWro sivrce gaaCniaT. evrokavSiri mzadaa sakuTari faseulobebi da gamocdileba sxva saxelmwifoebs gauziaros. informacia saqarTvelosa da evrokavSirs Soris TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb ixileT www.delgeo.ec.europa.eu*avstria, belgia, bulgareTi, germania, dania, didi britaneTi, espaneTi, estoneTi, irlandia, italia, kviprosi, latvia, litva, luqsemburgi, malta, poloneTi, portugalia, rumineTi, saberZneTi, safrangeTi, slovakeTi, slovenia, ungreTi, fineTi, SvedeTi, CexeTi da holandia.

evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznessabWo (EUGBC) qarTuli da evropuli kompaniebis mier 2006 wlis dasawyisSi, briuselSi, arakomerciuli iuridiuli piris formiT dafuZnda. sabWos saqmianobis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris wevr qveynebs Soris investiciebisa da savaWro brunvis zrdis xelSewyoba warmoadgens. informacia evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznes sabWos Sesaxeb ixileT www.eugbc.net

ra unda vicodeT saqarTvelodan evrokavSiris bazarze aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis eqsportirebisaTvis HOW TO EXPORT FOOD PRODUCTS OF NON-ANIMAL ORIGIN FROM GEORGIA TO THE EU MARKET momzadebulia evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznessabWos mier avtorebi: oTar sxvitariZe

giorgi miqaZe konstantine zaldastaniSviliAuthors: Otar Skhvitaridze Giorgi Mikadze Konstantin Zaldastanishvili

winamdebare publikaciis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznessabWo. publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli mosazrebebi ar unda iqnes miCneuli evrokavSiris poziciad.

European Commission

ISBN 978-9941-0-4843-2

ra unda vicodeT saqarTvelodan evrokavSiris bazarze aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis eqsportisaTvis

sarCevi1. Sesavali ...........................................................................................................3 2. saqarTveloSi moqmedi samarTlebrivi regulireba ....................................4 2.1. Sesavali...................................................................................................4 2.2. registracia ............................................................................................4 2.3. saxelmwifo kontroli...........................................................................5 2.4. moTxovnebi mikvlevadobisa da safrTxeebis kontrolis Sida sistemasTan dakavSirebiT .............................................................7 2.5. etiketireba.............................................................................................9 2.6. standartizacia da metrologia ..........................................................9 2.7. sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis higienuri normativebi ............10 2.8. higienuri sertificireba ....................................................................13 2.9. biznesoperatorTa uflebebi, valdebulebebi da pasuxismgebloba ...................................................................................14 2.10. eqsportamde gansaxorcielebeli fitosanitariuli procedurebi ........................................................................................15 3. evrokavSirSi moqmedi samarTlebrivi regulireba ...................................23 3.1. sursaTis higiena ..................................................................................23 3.2. etiketireba...........................................................................................26 3.3. mikrobiologiuri da fiziko-qimiuri maCveneblebis normativebi...........................................................................................27 3.4. marketinguli standartebi .................................................................29 3.5. mcenareTa sijansaRisa da importis fitosanitariuli moTxovnebi ............................................................................................31 3.6. zogadi da specifiuri moTxovnebi saqarTvelodan Txilis, dafnis foTlis da mwvanilis evrokavSiris bazarze importisas ............................................................................................34 4. saerTaSoriso standartebi .........................................................................38 4.1. standarti ISO 22000 da GLOBAL G.A.P. .............................................38 4.2. kodeqs alimentariusis standartebi .................................................38 Summary How to Export Food Products of Plant Origin from Georgia to the EU Market .................40 danarTi 1. danarTi 2. danarTi 3. danarTi 4. higienuri sertifikatis forma...................................................46 eqsportisaTvis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis forma ........47 reeqsportisaTvis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis forma .............................................................................................49 publikaciaSi gamoyenebuli saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris sakanonmdeblo aqtebi ..................................................................51

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1. SesavalisaqarTvelos ganviTarebis dRevandel etapze qarTveli mwarmoeblebisTvis uaRresad didi mniSvneloba aqvs strategiuli TvalsazrisiT erT-erT mniSvnelovan bazarTan - evrokavSirTan, sursaTiT vaWrobis zogadi da konkretuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb informaciis miwodebas. aRsaniSnavia, rom Sida da saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi evrokavSiris erT-erTi mTavari prioriteti sursaTis uvneblobaa. sursaTis uvnebloba adamianis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli uflebebis _ janmrTelobisa da sicocxlis dacvis erT-erTi aucilebeli pirobaa da Sesabamisad sursaTis moxmarebiT gamowveuli riskebisagan dacvas gulisxmobs. ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi, evrokavSirma, sursaTis uvneblobis Sesaxeb mTeli rigi sakanonmdeblo aqtebi SeimuSava. am sakiTxisadmi evrokavSiris kompleqsuri midgoma sursaTis warmoebis yvela etaps da aspeqts moicavs. normatiul aqtebSi mocemuli moTxovnebi vrceldeba rogorc evrokavSirSi warmoebul, aseve evrokavSiris bazarze importirebul sursaTze da amdenad, isini mesame qveynebis1 eqsportiorebisTvisac sayuradReboa. sursaTis uvneblobis principebis dacvas uzrunvelyofs da evrokavSiris Sesabamisi kanonmdeblobis SemuSavebaSi monawileobs evropis sursaTis uvneblobis samsaxuri (EFSA)2, romlis daniSnuleba sursaTis uvneblobis gaumjobeseba da momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacvaa. evrokavSirSi dReisaTvis sursaTis uvneblobis uzrunvelsayofad moqmedebs horizontaluri da vertikaluri kanonmdebloba (regulaciebi da direqtivebi). horizontaluri kanonmdebloba aregulirebs sursaTis uvneblobis iseT aspeqtebs, romlebic saerToa yvela saxeobis sursaTisaTvis. am kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvrulia agreTve moTxovnebi oficialuri makontrolebeli organoebisadmi. vertikaluri kanonmdebloba aregulirebs sxvadasxva saxeobis sursaTis warmoebasa da marketings. winamdebare publikaciis mizania, qarTvel mewarmeebs, mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da Txilis magaliTze, gaacnos aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis warmoebis, gadamuSavebis, distribuciisa da eqsportis maregulirebeli saqarTvelosa da evrokavSirSi dReisaTvis moqmedi normatiuli aqtebi, agreTve saerTaSoriso standartebi, rac maT am produqtebis evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportSi daexmareba.

1 mesame qveynebad iwodebian is saxelmwifoebi, romlebic ar arian evrokavSiris wevri qveynebi, im qveynebis CaTvliT, romlebic evrokavSirTan specialuri politikuri da ekonomikuri urTierTobebiT sargebloben (evrokavSiris asocirebuli wevri qveynebi, evrokavSirTan stabilurobisa da asocirebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebiT dakavSirebuli qveynebi da a.S.) 2 EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) - http://www.efsa.europa.eu/

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2. saqarTveloSi moqmedi samarTlebrivi regulireba2.1. Sesavali sursaTis (m.S. mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da Txilis) warmoeba, gadamuSaveba, distribucia da eqsporti regulirdeba saqarTveloSi moqmedi sxvadasxva sakanonmdeblo da kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtebiT. sursaTis uvneblobis sferoSi moqmed mTavar sakanonmdeblo aqts warmoadgens saqarTvelos kanoni sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi. am kanonis moqmedeba vrceldeba saxelmwifo kontrolisadmi daqvemdebarebul sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis warmoebaze, gadamuSavebasa da distribuciaze, romlebic xorcieldeba saqarTvelos teritoriaze, agreTve pirvelad warmoebaze3, cxovelTa janmrTelobaze, veterinarul preparatebze, mcenareTa sijansaReze, pesticidebsa da agroqimikatebze. kodeqsis regulirebis sferoa sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis kontroli, veterinaruli kontroli da fitosanitariuli kontroli, romlebic ukavSirdeba saqonlis sabaJo sazRvarze gadaadgilebas (importi, reeqsporti, eqsporti da tranziti). 2010 wlis 28 dekembers saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier damtkicebuli iqna sursaTis uvneblobis sferoSi yovlismomcveli strategiisa da sakanonmdeblo miaxloebis programa. strategiaSi warmodgenilia saqarTvelos mTavrobis mizani, romelic sursaTis uvneblobis sferos iuridiul da instituciur daxvewasa da saqarTveloSi evrokavSirisa da saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisi sursaTis uvneblobis myari sistemis danergvas moicavs. strategiaSi Sedis ramdenime sakiTxi, romelTagan umniSvnelovanesia saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobasTan miaxloeba da misi aRsruleba. aRniSnuli sakiTxis ganxorcieleba xels Seuwyobs Sida bazris efeqtur funqcionirebas, sainvesticio garemos gaumjobesebasa da saqarTvelos saeqsporto potencialis ganuxrel zrdas. 2.2. registracia saqarTvelos kanonis sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi me-13 muxlis mixedviT, piri, romlis saqmianobac dakavSirebulia sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis warmoebasTan, gadamuSavebasTan an/da distribuciasTan, aseve pirvelad warmoebasTan, valdebulia daregistrirdes biznesoperatorad4, saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesisa da pirobebis Sesabamisad. registracia xorcieldeba iusticiis3 pirveladi warmoeba _ procesi, romelic moicavs: mcenaris moyvanas, mosavlis aRebis, nayofis krefis CaTvliT; cxovelis gazrdas, moSenebas dakvlamde, agreTve rZis wvelas. pirveladi warmoeba aseve moicavs nadirobas, TevzWeras da veluri mcenareebis Segrovebas. 4 biznesoperatori mewarme subieqti, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad daregistrirebulia sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis biznesoperatorad da pasuxismgebelia sursaTis/ cxovelis sakvebis warmoebasTan, gadamuSavebasTan an/da distribuciasTan, aseve pirvelad warmoebasTan dakavSirebuli saqmianobis saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis uzrunvelyofisaTvis.

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saministros sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos (http://public.reestri.gov.ge; t: +995-32-225.15.27) nebismier filialSi. 2.3. saxelmwifo kontroli saqarTvelos teritoriaze sursaTis saxelmwifo kontrols da mis koordinacias axorcielebs sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri (ssip) sursaTis erovnuli saagento5. kontroli xorcieldeba saqarTvelos kanoniT sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi dadgenili wesiT. sursaTis saxelmwifo kontrolis mizniT xorcieldeba gegmiuri da aragegmiuri inspeqtireba. aragegmur inspeqtirebas sursaTis erovnuli saagento, xolo gegmur inspeqtirebas sainspeqcio organo6 axorcielebs. im teritoriasa da warmoebis saxeobaze, sadac ar aris sainspeqcio organo, gegmiur inspeqtirebas ssip sursaTis erovnuli saagento axorcielebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom am etapze arcerTi sainspeqcio organo ar arsebobs (ar aris akreditebuli) da Sesabamisad gegmiur inspeqtirebasac mxolod ssip sursaTis erovnuli saagento axorcielebs. biznesoperatorTa inspeqtireba xorcieldeba saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2010 wlis 25 ivnisis #173 (sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis mwarmoebeli sawarmos/distributoris higienis zogadi wesisa da sursaTis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis sferoebSi zedamxedvelobis, monitoringisa da saxelmwifo kontrolis ganxorcielebis wesis Sesaxeb) da 2010 wlis 10 seqtembris #282 (sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis mwarmoebeli sawarmos/distributoris higienis gamartivebuli wesis Sesaxeb) dadgenilebebis mixedviT. zemoaRniSnul dadgenilebebSi mocemulia, rogorc biznesoperatorTa mimarT wayenebuli moTxovnebi, aseve inspeqtirebis ganxorcielebis wesebi da procedurebi. sursaTis saxelmwifo kontrolis ganxorcielebis meqanizmebia: gegmuridaaragegmuriinspeqtireba; monitoringi; nimuSisaReba; dokumenturiSemowmeba. inspeqtireba xorcieldeba riskis Sefasebis safuZvelze gansazRvruli prioritetebis mixedviT SemuSavebuli saxelmwifo kontrolis wliuri programis Sesabamisad (gegmuri inspeqtireba), an im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac arsebobs safuZvliani eWvi sursaTis uvneblobis moqmed normebTan Seusabamobaze (aragegmuri inspeqtireba). Sesabamisobis Sefasebis aqtSi fiqsirdeba Seusabamobebi, romlebic SeiZleba iyos arakritikuli an kritikuli. kritikuli Seusabamobis (Seusabamoba, romelic maRal risks uqmnis adamianis sicocxlesa da janmrTelobas) aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi sursaTis erovnuli5 ssip sursaTis erovnuli saagento _ saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros mmarTvelobis sferoSi Semavali sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piri _ http://nfa.gov.ge/ 6 sainspeqcio organo _ mewarme subieqti, romelic akreditebulia ssip akreditaciis erTiani erovnuli organos _ akreditaciis centris mier da axorcielebs gegmur inspeqtirebas.

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saagento biznesoperators akisrebs jarimas. aseT SemTxvevaSi biznesoperatori valdebulia SeaCeros konkretuli sawarmoo procesi, kritikuli Seusabamobis gamosworebamde. arakritikuli Seusabamobis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi uflebamosili piri7 biznesoperators, Seusabamobis gamosworebis mizniT, aZlevs rekomendaciebs da gonivrul vadas maT Sesasruleblad. monitoringi aris saxelmwifo kontrolis ganxorcielebis meqanizmi, romlis drosac xorcieldeba bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis Seswavla, rogorc sursaTis uvneblobis da etiketirebis, aseve pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis Semcvelobis da gamoyenebis saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis dadgenis mizniT. monitoringis farglebSi bazarze arsebuli mdgomareobis Seswavla sacalo vaWrobis punqtidan nimuSis aRebis gziT xorcieldeba. nimuSis aReba xorcieldeba organoleptikuri, mikrobiologiuri, parazitologiuri, toqsikologiuri, fizikur-qimiuri, radiologiuri, an/da sxva maCveneblebis gamokvlevis mizniT, raTa ganisazRvros adamianis janmrTelobisaTvis da mcenaris sijansaRisaTvis maTiT ganpirobebuli safrTxe, aseve produqtis etiketis kanonmdeblobasTan Sesabamisobis dasadgenad. nimuSis aRebisa da misi akreditebuli laboratoriisTvis8 gadacemis kompetencia aqvs uflebamosil pirs. dokumenturi Semowmebis dros xdeba sawarmoSi arsebuli iseTi dokumentaciisa da Canawerebis Seswavla rogorebicaa: warmoebaSigamoyenebulistandartebi; CanawerebisadezinfeqciodasaderatizaciosamuSaoebisCatarebisada sadezinfeqcio saSualebebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb; aRWurvilobebisadamowyobilobebis,asevesursaTisSesafuTimasalebis aratoqsikurobis damadasturebeli dokumentacia; mikvlevadobis,safrTxisanalizisadakritikulisakontrolowertilebis principebze dafuZnebul sistemasTan (ix. qveTavi 2.4.) dakavSirebuli Canawerebi. dokumenturi Semowmebisas biznesoperatori valdebulia uflebamosil pirs moTxovnili dokumentacia miawodos. saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2010 wlis 25 ivnisis #173 dadgenilebis mixedviT, inspeqtirebisas sawarmoebis mimarT gansazRvruli moTxovnebi exeba: sawarmosteritorias; sursaTissawarmoebladgankuTvnilSenobas; sawarmoosaTavsebs; wyalmomaragebasadakanalizacias; teqnologiurprocess; sursaTissawarmoebladsaWiroaRWurvilobas,mowyobilobebs,inventars; sasursaTonedleuls,naxevarfabrikatebs,mzaproduqcias; sursaTTandakavSirebultarasadamasTanSexebaSimyofmasalebs; narCenebisSegrovebasadagatanas;7 uflebamosili piri - saxelmwifo kontrolis ganmaxorcielebeli piri. 8 akreditebuli laboratoria - saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesis Sesabamisad sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris - akreditaciis erTiani erovnuli organos - akreditaciis centris mier akreditebuli laboratoria, romelic Setanilia akreditaciis sistemis saxelmwifo reestrSi, an saerTaSoriso (maT Soris, sxva qveynebis) akreditaciis mqone laboratoria.

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dezinfeqcias,deratizaciasadadezinseqcias; sursaTistransportirebas; personalispiradhigienasadajanmrTelobismdgomareobas; personalisswavlebas; etiketirebas; mikvlevadobas; dokumentaciasadaCanawerebs.

biznesoperatorebma unda ganaxorcielon Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi saxelmwifo kontrolis dros gamovlenili problemebis gamosworebis mizniT. biznesoperatorebma, saTanado wesiT, garkveuli periodulobiT unda awarmoon da Seinaxon riskebis gakontrolebasTan dakavSirebiT ganxorcielebul RonisZiebaTa Canawerebi. biznesoperatorebi, romlebic axorcieleben fortificirebuli9 sursaTis warmoebas valdebuli arian daicvan sursaTis fortifikaciis teqnikuri reglamentis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis ministris 2007 wlis 19 oqtombris #300/n brZanebiT dadgenili moTxovnebi. kerZod, zemoxsenebuli brZanebiT damtkicebuli reglamentis me-8 muxlis mixedviT fortifikantebis damateba akrZalulia iseTi nedli daumuSavebeli sursaTisaTvis rogoricaa: xili da bostneuli. 2.4. moTxovnebi mikvlevadobisa da safrTxeebis kontrolis Sida sistemasTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos kanonis sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi me-17 muxlis Tanaxmad, sursaTis mikvlevadoba uzrunvelyofili unda iyos warmoebis, gadamuSavebisa da distribuciis yvela etapze. biznesoperatori valdebulia qondes informacia: sursaTis,sursaTissawarmoebladgankuTvnilinedleulisdamcenaris mimwodeblis saidentifikacio monacemebis, faqtobrivi misamarTis da produqtis Cabarebis TariRis Sesaxeb; imfizikurianiuridiulipirissaidentifikaciomonacemebisadafaq tobrivi misamarTis Sesaxeb, romelsac miawoda warmoebuli sursaTi, sursaTis sawarmoeblad gankuTvnili nedleuli da mcenare, misi miwodebis TariRis miTiTebiT. sursaTis warmoebis sferoSi mikvlevadobis, safrTxis analizisa da sakontrolo kritikuli wertilebis dadgenis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2006 wlis 7 agvistos #2-144 brZanebis mixedviT, mikvlevadobis uzrunvelsayofad bazarze ganTavsebuli sursaTi etiketirebuli unda iyos dadgenili wesiT (ix. qveTavi 2.5.), raTa SesaZlebeli iyos misi identificireba.9 fortificirebuli sasursaTo produqtebi _ mikroelementebiTa da vitaminebiT gamdidrebuli sursaTi, romelic gamoiyeneba mikroelementebisa da vitaminebis deficitiT gamowveuli daavadebebis profilaqtikisaTvis. mag.: iodirebuli marili; rkiniT gamdidrebuli puris fqvili.

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mikvlevadobis gansaxorcieleblad aucilebelia standartuli informaciis Segroveba Sesabamisi dokumentaciisa da Canawerebis saxiT. biznesoperatorebi valdebulni arian awarmoon Canawerebi: mcenareTadacvisqimiuridabiologiurisaSualebebisgamoyenebisSesaxeb; mcenareTa parazitebisa da nebismieri daavadebis warmoSobis Sesaxeb, ramac SesaZloa gavlena moaxdinos sursaTis uvneblobaze; mcenareebidan aRebuli nebismieri nimuSis analizis Sedegebis Sesaxeb, rac SesaZloa mniSvnelovani iyos adamianis janmrTelobisTvis. mikvlevadobis ganxorcielebisaTvis biznesoperators aucileblad unda gaaCndes dokumenturi informacia: SesafuTimasalebiswarmomavlobisadamaxasiaTeblebisSesaxeb; transportirebisvadebisadatransportirebisashigienurimoTxovnebis dacvis Sesaxeb. dReisaTvis msoflioSi sursaTis uvneblobis marTvis yvelaze ufro gavrcelebuli sastemaa HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points ) safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis mecnierulad dasabuTebuli sistema, romelic safrTxis identifikaciisa da masze kontrolis ganxorcielebiT uvnebeli sursaTis warmoebis saSualebas iZleva. HACCP-is principebi pirvelad SemuSavda 60-ian wlebSi, aSS-Si kosmosur programaze muSaobisas, rodesac aucilebeli gaxda SeemuSavebinaT iseTi sistema, romelic gamoricxavda kosmosSi moxmarebul sursaTSi toqsinebis warmoqmnas da Sesabamisad uzrunvelyofda astronavtebis dacvas kvebiTi moSxamvebisagan. miuxedavad im Zalisxmevisa, rasac sursaTis uvneblobis marTvis sistemis danergva biznesoperatoris mxridan moiTxovs, mis ganxorcielebas iseTi konkretuli dadebiTi Sedegi moaqvs, rogorebicaa: samomxmareblobazrisadasaboloomomxmareblismoTxovnebisdakmayofileba; saqarTvelosa da evrokavSiris samarTlebriv normebTan da saerTaSoriso standartebTan Sesabamisoba; biznesoperatorTareputaciisadakonkurentunarianobisamaRleba; saerTaSorisobazrebzeSesvlisxelSewyobaeqsportisgaumjobesebuli SesaZleblobebi. safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis (HACCP) principebze dafuZnebuli sistema moicavs Semdeg safexurebs: safrTxisanalizi; kritikulisakontrolowertilebisdadgena; kritikulsakontrolowertilebzekritikulizRvrebisgansazRvra; kritikul sakontrolo wertilebze efeqtiani monitoringis danergva da ganxorcieleba; kontrolismakoreqtirebeliqmedebebisganxorcieleba; regularuliprocedurebisdanergvadaganxorcieleba; SesabamisiCanawerebisadadokumentaciiswarmoeba.

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sursaTis uvneblobis marTvis sistemis danergviT biznesoperatori uzrunvelyofs uvnebeli sursaTis warmoebas da dokumenturad adasturebs, rom momxmareblisTvis miwodebuli produqti uvnebelia. safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis principebze dafuZnebuli sistemis danergva savaldebulo ar aris iseTi biznesoperatorebisTvis romlebic axorcieleben: pirveladwarmoebas; pirveladiwarmoebisproduqtebistransportirebas,SenaxvasadadamuSavebas (Tu pirveladi warmoebis produqtis damuSaveba mniSvnelovnad ar cvlis mis Tvisebebs). sistemis modificireba (gamartivebis mizniT) SesaZlebelia iseT biznesoperatorebze: romlebsacaqvTmcire biznesis10 statusi; romlebicaxorcielebensursaTiswarmoebas,gadamuSavebasan/dadistribucias istoriulad Camoyalibebuli, Taobidan Taobaze gadacemuli meTodebis gamoyenebiT, tradiciuli adgilobrivi fermeruli meurneobebisa da sxva tradiciuli sameurneo saqmianobebis CaTvliT (mag. gudis yvelis warmoeba); romelebic maRalmTian regionSi11 araqarxnuli wesiT axorcieleben sursaTis warmoebas, gadamuSavebas an/da distribucias. sursaTis warmoebis, gadamuSavebisa da distribuciis tipebi, romelTaTvisac savaldebulo iqneba safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis principebze dafuZnebuli sistemis danergva, gansazRvruli iqneba Sesabamisi normatiuli aqtebiT. 2.5. etiketireba saqarTvelos kanonis sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi mixedviT, sarealizaciod gankuTvnili sursaTi etiketirebuli unda iyos saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT. sursaTis etiketirebisadmi damatebiTi moTxovnebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2009 wlis 11 dekemberis #2-231 brZaneba adgens etiketirebis moTxovnebs saqarTvelos mTel teritoriaze mimoqcevaSi arsebul yvela saxis sursaTze (m.S. aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTze) da miznad isaxavs momxmarebelTa interesebis dacvas. biznesoperatori valdebulia uzrunvelyos sursaTis etiketirebis Sesabamisoba zemoaRniSnul normatiul aqtebiT dadgenil moTxovnebTan. 2.6. standartizacia da metrologia saqarTvelos kanonis produqtis usafrTxoebisa da Tavisufali mimoqcevis kodeqsi Tanaxmad, standarti aris konsensusis safuZvelze SemuSavebuli10 mcire biznesi _ biznesoperatori, romlis wliuri brunva ar aRemateba 500 000 lars. 11 maRalmTiani regioni - geografiuli areali, romelic Seesabameba maRalmTiani regionebis socialur-ekonomikuri da kulturuli ganviTarebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos kanoniT gansazRvrul maRalmTiani regionis cnebas.

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da standartebis organos mier registrirebuli dokumenti, romelic sayovelTao da mravaljeradi gamoyenebisaTvis adgens wesebs, zogad principebs an maxasiaTeblebs sxvadasxva saxis saqmianobis, moqmedebis an misi SedegebisaTvis garkveul sferoSi optimizaciis mizniT. saqarTveloSi standartebis SemuSavebas, registracias da am standartebis dainteresebuli pirebisaTvis miwodebas, agreTve sakontrolo/gamzomi xelsawyoebis kalibraciasa da damowmebas (metrologia) axorcielebs saqarTvelos ekonomikisa da mdgradi ganviTarebis saministros daqvemdebarebaSi myofi ssip saqarTvelos standartebis, teqnikuri raglamentebisa da metrologiis erovnuli saagento. zemoxsenebuli kanonis mixedviT standartebi aris Semdegi saxis: saerTaSoriso standarti standartizaciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis mier miRebuli standarti; regionulistandartistandartebissaerTaSorisoregionuliorganizaciis mier miRebuli standarti; saqarTvelosstandarti(sst)ssipsaqarTvelosstandartebisadametrologiis erovnuli saagentos mier registrirebuli standarti, romelic SeiZleba miRebul iqnes, rogorc saerTaSoriso an regionuli standartis safuZvelze, ise Sesabamisi teqnikuri komitetis mier; sawarmosSidastandartimewarmismierSemuSavebulistandarti,romelSic mocemulia is specifikuri teqnikuri moTxovnebi, romlebsac akmayofilebs produqti, procesi an momsaxureba. sawarmos Sida stan darti sxva pirebisaTvis standartad ar ganixileba, registracias ar saWiroebs da masze ar vrceldeba zemoxsenebuli kanonis moqmedeba; deklarirebulistandartistandarti,romelsacmwarmoebeliiyenebs da romlis gamoyenebis Sesaxebac miuTiTebs, maT Soris, sawarmos Sida standartze. standartis gamoyeneba nebayoflobiTia. teqnikuri reglamentis moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis mizniT, mwarmoebels SeuZlia SeimuSaos da gamoiyenos sxva teqnikuri midgomebi, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac teqnikur reglamentSi konkretuli standartis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb pirdapir aris miTiTebuli. sursaTis etiketirebisadmi damatebiTi moTxovnebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2009 wlis 11 dekembris #2-231 brZanebis Tanaxmad, warmoebuli sursaTi unda Seesabamebodes gamoyenebul standarts, iyos konkretuli da mianiSnebdes sursaTis namdvil bunebaze. biznesoperatorebisTvis savaldebuloa warmoebaSi gamoyenebuli sakontrolo/gamzomi xelsawyoebis kalibracia da damowmeba (metrologia). 2.7. sursaTis uvneblobisa da xarisxis higienuri normativebi sursaTis uvneblobis maCveneblebi da maTi zRvrulad dasaSvebi koncentraciebi (zdk) mocemulia sanitariul wesebsa da normebSi (sanwdan 2.3.2. 000-00) - higienuri moTxovnebi sasursaTo nedleulisa da sakvebi produqtebis xarisxisa da usafrTxoebisadmi, romelic damtkicebulia sasursaTo nedleulisa da kvebis produqtebis xarisxisa da usafrTxoebis sanitariuli wesebisa da normebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da so-

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cialuri dacvis ministris 2001 wlis 16 agvistos #301/n brZanebiT. zemoaRniSnuli sanitariuli wesebiT normirdeba: mwvanilSi - toqsikuri elementebi, nitratebi, pesticidebi, radionuklidebi, mezofiluri aerobuli da fakultatur-anaerobuli mikroorganizmebi (mafanmr), nawlavis Cxiris jgufis baqteriebi (koliformebi), paTogenebi, m.S. salmonelebi, safuaris sokoebi da obis sokoebi; dafnis foTolSi - toqsikuri elementebi, radionuklidebi, mezofiluri aerobuli da fakultatur-anaerobuli mikroorganizmebi (mafanmr), nawlavis Cxiris jgufis baqteriebi (koliformebi), sulfitmareducirebeli klostridiebi, paTogenebi, m.S. salmonelebi da obis sokoebi; TxilSi - toqsikuri elementebi, nitratebi, pesticidebi, radionuklidebi, mikotoqsinebi, nawlavis Cxiris jgufis baqteriebi (koliformebi), paTogenebi, m.S. salmonelebi da obis sokoebi. uvneblobis konkretuli maCveneblebi da maTi dasaSvebi doneebi, mwvanilis, dafnis foTlis da TxilisaTvis, mocemulia Sesabamisad cxrilebSi #1, #2 da #3.

cxrili #1 mwvanilis qimiuri da mikrobiologiuri maCveneblebiqimiuri maCveneblebi zRvruli doneebi, ara umetes0,5 mg/kg 0,2 mg/kg 0,03 mg/kg 0,02 mg/kg 5,0 mg/kg 10,0 mg/kg 2000 mg/kg 0,5 mg/kg 0,1 mg/kg 130 bk/kg 50 bk/kg paTogenebi m.S. salmonelebi safuaris sokoebi kwe/g obis sokoebi kwe/g ar daiSveba 25 gr-Si 1*102 1*102

mikrobiologiuri maCvneblebimezofiluri aerobuli da fakultaturanaerobuli mikroorganizmebi (mafanmr) kwe/g12 nawlavis Cxiris jgufis baqteriebi (koliformebi)

zRvruli doneebi, ara umetes

toqsikuri elementebi: tyvia dariSxani kadmiumi vercxliswyali spilenZi TuTia nitratebi pesticidebi: heqsaqlorcikloheqsani (a,b,g-izomerebi) ddt da misi metabolitebi radionuklidebi: cezium-137 stroncium-90

1*104

ar daiSveba 1,0 gr-Si

12 kwe/g - koloniis warmomqmneli erTeuli/gramze

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cxrili #2 dafnis foTolis qimiuri da mikrobiologiuri maCveneblebiqimiuri maCveneblebi zRvruli doneebi, ara umetes5,0 mg/kg 5,0 mg/kg 0,2 mg/kg 200 bk/kg 100 bk/kg

mikrobiologiuri maCvneblebi


toqsikuri elementebi: tyvia dariSxani kadmiumi radionuklidebi: cezium-137 stroncium-90

mezofiluri aerobuli da fakultatur-anaerobuli mikroorganizmebi (mafanmr) kwe/g 5*105 nawlavis Cxiris jgufis baqteriebi (koliformebi) ar daiSveba 0,01 gr-Si mezofiluri sulfitmareducirebeli klostridiebi paTogenebi m.S. salmonelebi obis sokoebi kwe/g

ar daiSveba 0,01 gr-Si ar daiSveba 25 gr-Si 1*103

cxrili #3 Txilis qimiuri da mikrobiologiuri maCveneblebiqimiuri maCveneblebi zRvruli doneebi, ara umetes0,5 mg/kg 0,3 mg/kg 0,1 mg/kg 0,05 mg/kg 15,0 mg/kg 100,0 mg/kg

mikrobiologiuri maCvneblebinawlavis Cxiris jgufis baqteriebi (koliformebi) paTogenebi m.S. salmonelebi obis sokoebi kwe/g


toqsikuri elementebi: tyvia dariSxani kadmiumi vercxliswyali spilenZi TuTia pesticidebi: heqsaqlorcikloheqsani (a,b,g-izomerebi) ddt da misi metabolitebi mikotoqsinebi: aflatoqsini B1 radionuklidebi: cezium-137 stroncium-90

ar daiSveba 0,01 gr-Si ar daiSveba 25 gr-Si 1*103

0,5 mg/kg 0,15 mg/kg 0,005 mg/kg 200 bk/kg 100 bk/kg

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sakvebdanamatebis gamoyenebis sanitariuli wesebisa da normebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis ministris 2001 wlis 16 agvistos #311/n brZaneba sursaTis warmoebaSi sakvebdanamatebis gamoyenebasa da maTi zRvrulad daSvebul koncentraciebs aregulirebs. saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2010 wlis 17 maisis #2-75 brZanebiT dadgenilia saqarTveloSi nebadarTuli pesticidebis CamonaTvali da sursaTSi maTi higienuri normativebi. saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministris 2011 wlis 5 agvistos #2-129 brZanebiT dadgenilia saqarTveloSi gamosayeneblad nebadarTuli agroqimikatebis CamonaTvali. saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis ministris 2008 wlis 28 ivlisis #182/n brZaneba adgens sursaTTan dakavSirebul SesafuT masalebsa da nakeTobebSi im qimiur nivTierebaTa sakontrolo maCveneblebsa da migraciis dasaSveb raodenobas, romelic zians ar ayenebs sursaTs da uvnebelia adamianis janmrTelobisTvis. rac Seexeba mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da Txilis xarisxobriv maCveneblebsa da maT normirebas, igi damokidebulia Tu romeli standartiT xdeba aRniSnuli sursaTis warmoeba. xarisxobrivi maCveneblebidan ZiriTadad normirdeba: mwvanilSi - garegnuli saxe; foTlebis feri; miwis minarevebis procentuli wili; zoma; gemo da aromati; dafnis foTolSi - garegnuli saxe; suni da gemo; foTlis sigrZe; foTlis sineste; feri; mavneblebiT dazianebuli foTlebis procentuli wili; mineraluri da organuli minarevebiT dabinZureba; TxilSi - forma; gemo da suni; simkvrive; nayofis saSualo masa; sineste; mwerebiT, mavneblebiTa da obiT dazianeba. 2.8. higienuri sertificireba higienur sertificirebas aregulirebs sursaTisa da sursaTTan dakavSirebuli taris higienuri sertifikatis gacemis wesis damtkicebis Taobaze saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2007 wlis 30 maisis #111 dadgenileba. es wesi gansazRvravs sursaTisa da taris higienuri sertifikatis13 gacemis procedurebsa da masTan dakavSirebul urTierTobebs. sursaTis/taris higienuri sertifikatis gacema miznad isaxavs potenciuri safrTxis SefasebiT momxmarebelTa ndobis amaRlebas, maTi janmrTelobis, sicocxlisa da ekonomikuri interesebis dacvas. higienuri sertifikacia nebayoflobiTia da xorcieldeba ganmcxadeblis (mwarmoeblis/distributoris, eqsportioris) iniciativiT. higienuri sertifikati gaicema rogorc dafasoebul, ise daufasoebel sursaTze. higienuri sertifikati gaicema sursaTis erovnuli saagentos an Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier, ganmcxadeblis mier wardgenili dokumentaciis ganxilvis safuZvelze.13 higienuri sertifikati (higienuri daskvna) - aris sursaTis/taris uvneblobis higienur moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis damadasturebeli dokumenti.

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sursaTis/taris higienuri sertifikati gaicema gancxadebaSi miTiTebul sursaTze/taraze. sursaTis/taris higienuri sertifikatis misaRebad warmodgenili unda iyos Semdegi dokumentacia: gancxadeba, romelSic mieTiTeba sursaTis/taris dasaxeleba, raodenoba, damzadebis TariRi, partiis nomeri, SefuTvis saxeoba, sursaTis higienuri moTxovnebis dacvasTan dakavSirebuli informacia (arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, Sesabamisobis Sefasebis sertifikati); akreditebuli sagamocdo laboratoriis14 mier Catarebuli gamocdis Sedegebis safuZvelze gacemuli sursaTis/taris uvneblobis moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis gamocdis oqmi; sursaTis/tarisgamoyenebisadaakrZalvissferosdaxasiaTeba. aRsaniSnavia, rom aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqciis sferoSi saerTaSoriso akreditacia saqarTveloSi amJamad mxolod or laboratorias: Sps `multitests~ da Sps `Rvinis laboratorias~ gaaCnia. higienuri sertifikatis dakargvis SemTxvevaSi, sursaTis erovnuli saagento an Semosavlebis samsaxuri 2 dRis vadaSi gascems higienuri sertifikatis dublikats. higienuri sertifikatis dublikats aqvs igive iuridiuli Zala, rogorc mis dedans. ssip sursaTis erovnuli saagentos mier momsaxurebis gawevis vadisa da safasuris damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2011 wlis 31 ianvris #59 dadgenilebiT gansazRvrulia higienuri sertifikatis gacemis vadebi da safasuri. kerZod: 5samuSaodRe50lari; 3samuSaodRe75lari; 1samuSaodRe100lari. sertifikatisdublikatisgacema10lari. gamofenaze gasatani an/da nimuSad warsadgeni sursaTis SemTxvevaSi higienuri sertifikati gaicema ufasod. higienuri sertifikatis forma mocemulia danarTSi #1. 2.9. biznesoperatorTa uflebebi, valdebulebebi da pasuxismgebloba saqarTvelos kanonSi sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi mocemulia biznesoperatorTa uflebebi, valdebulebebi da pasuxismgeblobebi. biznesoperators ufleba aqvs ar daeTanxmos: sursaTiserovnulisaagentosadasainspeqcioorganosmiergacemulrekomendaciebs da mimarTos sasamarTlos (uflebamosili piris mier gacemuli rekomendaciebi sruldeba sasamarTlos Sesabamisi gadawyvetilebis Semdeg);14 aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtis (m.S. mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da Txilis) sferoSi erovnuli da saerTaSoriso akreditaciis mqone laboratoriebis CamonaTvali mocemulia ekonomikis saministros veb-gverdze: www.Economy.gov.ge Semdegi seqciebis mixedviT: saministroSi Semavali saqveuwyebo da sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebi; akreditaciis erTiani erovnuli organo akreditaciis centri; akreditebuli pirebi, testirebis laboratoriebi.

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sursaTiserovnulisaagentosmiermiRebulgadawyvetilebasdajarimebisa da konkretuli sawarmoo procesis SeCerebis Sesaxeb da mimarTos sasamarTlos (Tu sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebas biznesoperatoris sasargeblod miiRebs, sursaTis erovnuli saagento valdebulia aunazRauros biznesoperators dajarimebisa da konkretuli sawarmoo procesis SeCerebis Sedegad miyenebuli ziani). biznesoperators ufleba aqvs moiTxovos: sursaTzereferentuli(SedarebiTi)laboratoriuligamocdisCatareba. (referentuli gamocdiT biznesoperatoris argumentebis sisworis dadasturebis SemTxvevaSi mas ubrundeba am saqmianobisTvis gaweuli xarjebi); saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili informaciis konfidencialurobis dacva, uflebamosili piris mier, saxelmwifo kontrolis an riskis analizis Sedegad mopovebuli, samewarmeo saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis gamJRavnebasTan dakavSirebiT. biznesoperatori Tavisi saqmianobis farglebSi valdebulia: uzrunvelyosnormatiuliaqtebismoTxovnebTansursaTisSesabamisoba warmoebis, gadamuSavebisa da distribuciis etapebze; sursaTismavneobasTandakavSirebiTsafuZvlianieWvisarsebobisSem TxvevaSi dauyovnebliv miiRos zomebi am sursaTis bazarze ganTavsebis aRsakveTad, an bazarze ukve ganTavsebuli sursaTis gamosaTxovad da am mizniT miRebuli zomebis Taobaze dauyovnebliv werilobiT acnobos sursaTis erovnul saagentos; kritikuliSeusabamobisgamovlenisSemTxvevaSi,sasamarTlosmiergadawyvetilebis miRebamde SeaCeros konkretuli sawarmoo procesi. saqarTvelos kanonis sursaTis/cxovelis sakvebis uvneblobis, veterinariisa da mcenareTa dacvis kodeqsi Sesabamis muxlebSi (kari IV; Tavi XV) mocemulia biznesoperatorTa pasuxismgebloba (sajarimo sanqciebi). biznesoperatori isjeba saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 197, 1971 da 198 muxlebiT, Tu mas daumtkicdeba: sursaTisfalsifikacia,e.i.motyuebiTmisiTvisobriobisSecvla,mwarmoeblis an gamsaReblis mier Cadenili angarebiT; adamianis sicocxlisaTvis an janmrTelobisaTvis saSiSi produqciis damzadeba, importi an realizacia. 2.10. eqsportamde gansaxorcielebeli fitosanitariuli procedurebi aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebiT saerTaSoriso vaWrobisas, eqsportis an reeqsportis ganxorcielebamde unda moxdes misi fitosanitariuli sertificireba. fitosanitariuli sertifikatebi15 (ix. danarTi #2 da danarTi #3) gaicema15 fitosanitariuli sertifikati - aris sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli pirebis: sursaTis erovnuli saagentos an Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier gacemuli, regulirebadi obieqtis fitosanitariuli mdgomareobis damadasturebeli dokumenti, romelic momzadebulia mcenareTa dacvis saerTaSoriso konvenciiT (FAO, 1997) damtkicebuli formis Sesabamisad. fitosanitariuli sertifikati gaicema fitosanitariuli procedurebis gamoyenebis safuZvelze.

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saeqsporto an reeqsportis tvirTebze da adasturebs aRniSnuli tvirTebis Sesabamisobas importis fitosanitariul moTxovnebTan. eqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati (SemdgomSi fitosanitaruli sertifikati) Cveulebriv gaicema im qveynis mcenareTa dacvis erovnuli organizaciis (mdeo) mier, sadac moyvanili iqna mcenareebi an warmoebuli iqna aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebi, an sxva regulirebadi obieqtebi16. reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati gaicema reeqsportis qveynis mdeo-s mier (im qveynis, romelSic mocemuli nedleuli, saqoneli ar moyvanila an ar gadamuSavebula), Tu tvirTi ar moxvedrila dasnebovnebis riskis qveS, Seesabameba importiori qveynis importis fitosanitariul moTxovnebs da arsebobs warmoSobis qveynis fitosanitariuli sertifikati an misi damowmebuli asli. fitosanitariul sertifikats/reeqsportis fitosanitariul sertifikats saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad gascems: ssipsursaTiserovnulisaagento; ssipSemosavlebissamsaxuri_saqarTvelossagadasaxadokodeqsiTgansazRvrul kontrolis zonebSi. fitosanitariuli sertifikati/reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati gaicema fitosanitariuli procedurebis ganxorcielebis safuZvelze. mcenareebis, aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebisa da sxva regulirebadi obieqtebis mimarT, eqsportis/reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertificirebis procesi iwyeba mas Semdeg, rac dainteresebuli piri momsaxurebis gawevamde sursaTis erovnuli saagentos an Semosavlebis samsaxuris angariSze gadaixdis momsaxurebis gawevis safasurs da ganacxadTan erTad waradgens momsaxurebis safasuris gadaxdis damadasturebel sabuTs. aRniSnuli sabuTis warudgenloba, momsaxurebis gawevis Taobaze uaris Tqmis safuZvelia. momsaxurebis vadis aTvla iwyeba dainteresebuli piris mier sursaTis erovnuli saagentosaTvis, an Semosavlebis samsaxurisaTvis mimarTvis momentidan. Tu vadis bolo dRe emTxveva uqme an dasvenebis dRes, vadis damTavrebis dRed CaiTvleba misi momdevno pirveli samuSao dRe. safasuris gadaxdisagan Tavisufldebian dawesebulebebi (organizaciebi), romelTa xarjebi finansdeba mxolod saxelmwifo biujetidan. ssip sursaTis erovnuli saagentos mier momsaxurebis gawevis vadisa da safasuris damtkicebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2011 wlis 31 ianvris #59 dadgenilebiT gansazRvrulia sertifikatis gacemis safasuri. kerZod: fitosanitariuli sertifikatisa da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis gacema - 25 lari; sertifikatisdublikatisgacema10lari. fitosanitariuli sertifikatis/reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis misaRebad fizikuri an iuridiuli piri sursaTis erovnul saagentoSi eleqtronulad an werilobiT warmoadgens ganacxads, romelic unda Seicavdes:16 regulirebadi obieqti nebismieri mcenare, mcenareuli produqti, dasawyobebis adgili, SefuTva, satransporto saSualeba, konteineri, niadagi da sxva organizmi, obieqti an masala, sadac SesaZlebelia mavne organizmis arseboba, an romelic xels uwyobs mis gavrcelebas, romelTa mimarT aucilebelia, gatardes fitosanitariuli zomebi, gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevebSi, rodesac saqme exeba saerTaSoriso gadazidvebs.

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iuridiulipirisaTvisorganizaciisdasaxelebas,misamarTsadaamonawers mewarmeTa da arasamewarmo (arakomerciuli) iuridiuli pirebis reestridan, xolo fizikuri pirisaTvis saxels, gvars, misamarTs da piradobis mowmobis asls; tvirTismimRebisdasaxelebasadamisamarTs; daniSnulebis qveynis dasaxelebas da importis (sazRvris gadakveTis) punqts; saqonliswarmoebisadgilisdasaxelebas; saqonlisdasaxelebas,raodenobas,mdgomareobas,saboloogamoyenebis daniSnulebas, adgilmdebareobas; SefuTvissaxeobasadaraodenobas; satransportosaSualebis(konteinerebis,sarkinigzoronodebis,avtosatransporto saSualebebis) nomrebs (Tu cnobilia); transportirebissaSualebas(sazRvao,sahaero,sarkinigzo,saavtomobilo, safosto, samgzavro); imqveynisdasaxelebas,romelTagavliTacundamoxdessaqonlistransportireba (importiori qveynis moTxovnis SemTxvevaSi); informacias damuSavebis Catarebis/Cautareblobisa da gamoyenebuli meTodis Sesaxeb. reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis misaRebad ganacxads Tan unda axldes warmoSobis qveynis uflebamosili samsaxurebis mier gacemuli fitosanitariuli sertifikati an misi damowmebuli asli. iuridiuli an fizikuri piris mier sursaTis erovnul saagentoSi an Semosavlebis samsaxurSi ganacxadisa da momsaxurebis safasuris gadaxdis damadasturebeli sabuTis Semotanis Semdeg, uflebamosili piri (SemdgomSi inspeqtori) iwyebs fitosanitariuli sertificirebis process _ axorcielebs da organizebas uwevs fitosanitariuli sertifikatis/reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis momzadebamde Casatarebel procedurebs: inspeqtirebas,saWiroebisamebrnimuSisaRebas; laboratoriulanalizs; zedamxedvelobas; damuSavebas. imis mixedviT, Tu ra kategoriisa da saxeobis tvirTi eqvemdebareba eqsportis an reeqsportis reJimiT gagzavnas da Tu rogoria importiori qveynis moTxovnebi, fitosanitariuli sertificirebis dros SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnas erTi an ramdenime fitosanitariuli procedura. fitosanitariuli sertificirebisas inspeqtireba yvela SemTxvevaSi xorcieldeba. inspeqtireba aris mcenareebis, aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebis an fitosanitariul kontrols daqvemdebarebuli sxva masalebis vizualuri Semowmeba, mavne organizmebis arsebobis gamovlenis da/an fitosanitariul zomebTan Sesabamisobis dadgenis mizniT. inspeqtirebis dawyebamde inspeqtori moipovebs informacias da ecnoba importiori qveynis fitosanitariul moTxovnebs, eqsportis an reeqsportis reJimiT gasagzavn produqciasTan dakavSirebiT.

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aRniSnul informacias inspeqtori iRebs: uSualod eqsportisanreeqsportisganmaxorcielebeli fizikuri/iuridiuli pirisagan; saerTaSoriso fitosanitariul portalze, importiori qveynis mixedviT (https://www.ippc.int); sursaTiserovnulsaagentoSi. inspeqtori inspeqtirebas importiori qveynis importis moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT iwyebs. inspeqtirebis mizania importisa da eqsportis dros sakarantino da regulirebadi arasakarantino mavne organizmebTan mimarTebaSi moTxovnebis (mavne organizmebis arsebobis, ararsebobis) Sesabamisobis dadastureba. inspeqtireba xSirad aseve emsaxureba adre miRebuli fitosanitariuli zomebis da Catarebuli fitosanitariuli procedurebis efeqturobis Semowmebas. inspeqtirebis procesSi SeiZleba aRebuli iqnas nimuSebi laboratoriuli analizisaTvis an mavne organizmis identifikaciis gadamowmebisaTvis. eqsportis an reeqsportis dros inspeqtirebis daniSnulebaa daadginos, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba tvirTi importiori qveynis specifikur fitosanitariul moTxovnebs, inspeqtirebis momentisaTvis. umetes SemTxvevaSi tvirTis mTliani moculobis inspeqtireba SeuZlebelia da misi fitosanitariuli mdgomareoba unda dadgindes aRebuli nimuSebis meSveobiT. inspeqtirebis Sedegebis mixedviT, aRniSnul tvirTze SeiZleba gaices fitosanitariuli sertifikati. inspeqtirebisadmi teqnikuri moTxovnebi exeba sam sxvadasxva pozicias: tvirTisTanmxlebidokumentebisSemowmebas; tvirTisidenturobisSemowmebas; vizualurSemowmebasmavneorganizmebisarsebobazedasxvafitosanitariuli moTxovnebis dacvaze (mag. niadagis ararsebobaze); saWiroebisSemTxvevaSinimuSisaRebas. inspeqtirebis momcveli yvela zemoT aRniSnuli pozicia unda xorcieldebodes rogorc eqsportis, aseve reeqsportis reJimiT moZrav mcenareebsa da aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebze. eqsportis/reeqsportis dros tvirTis Tanmxlebi dokumentebi mowmdeba: srulyofilobaze; Tanmimdevrulobaze; sizusteze; moqmedebisvadaze. fitosanitariul sertifikaciasTan dakavSirebul dokumentebad SeiZleba ganxilul iqnas: fitosanitariuli sertifikatebi an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatebi; importisnebarTva; dokumentebi an sertifikatebi damuSavebis da markirebis Sesaxeb (mag.

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ISPM #15-is17 Sesabamisad), an dokumentebi sxva saxis damuSavebis (mag. inaqtivacia, devitalizacia) Sesaxeb; mindorSiinspeqtirebisamsaxvelimasalebi; laboratoriuliangariSebi; warmoSobissertifikatebi; tvirTisdeklarirebisamsaxvelidokumentebi(m.S.konosamentebidafaqturebi); komerciulifaqturebi.

tvirTis identurobis Semowmebisas xdeba misi namdvilobisa da mTlianobis dadgena, rac gulisxmobs Tanmxleb dokumentebSi mocemuli tvirTis aRwerilobis sizustis Semowmebas. tvirTis namdvilobis Semowmebisas xdeba imis garkveva, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba mcenare an aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqti ganacxadSi da Tanmxleb dokumentebSi warmodgenil, eqsportis an reeqsportis reJimiT gasagzavn produqts. tvirTis mTlianobis Semowmebisas xdeba imis garkveva Tu ramdenad naTlad aris SesaZlebeli tvirTis identificireba (Tu mcenareebi an aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebi SefuTulia muyaos SesafuT masalaSi an sxva SefuTvaSi, dgindeba SefuTvisa da masSi arsebuli produqtebis saxe/ saxeebi, xolo SefuTvis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, dgindeba, tvirTi erTgvarovania, Tu igi Sedgeba sxvadasxva saxis mcenareebisagan an aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebisagan) da Tu ramdenad Seesabameba tvirTis statusi da raodenoba ganacxadSi da sxva Tanmxleb dokumentebSi warmodgenil eqsportis an reeqsportis reJimiT gasagzavn produqtebs. tvirTis identurobisa da mTlianobis SemowmebisaTvis saWiroa tvirTis fizikuri daTvaliereba. vizualuri Semowmeba aris mcenareebis, mcenareuli produqtebis an sxva regulirebadi obieqtebis fizikuri Semowmeba mavne organizmebis gamovlenis mizniT, SeuiaraRebeli Tvalis, lupis, binokularis an mikroskopis saSualebiT, analizisa da damuSavebis gareSe. vizualuri Semowmeba da masTan dakavSirebuli aspeqtebi emsaxureba: nimuSebisaRebas,mavneorganizmebisgamovlinebas; tvirTisfitosanitariulmoTxovnebTanSesabamisobisdadgenas. fitosanitariul sertifikacias daqvemdebarebul produqtebSi mavne organizmis arsebobis an ararsebobis dadgenisaTvis, an imis gansazRvrisaTvis, aRemateba Tu ara mavne organizmis ricxovnoba mocemul dones, yoveli tvirTis an partiisagan aiReba nimuSi sakarantino da sxva saSiSi mavne organizmebis SemoWrisa da gavrcelebisagan saqarTvelos teritoriis fitosanitariuli dacvis wesebis damtkicebis Taobaze saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis ministrisa da saqarTvelos finansTa ministris 2010 wlis 25 ianvris #2-7 -#33 erToblivi brZanebis Sesabamisad. inspeqtirebisas aseve xdeba tvirTis fitosanitariul moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis dadgena. fitosanitariul moTxovnebad SeiZleba ganxilul iqnas: damuSaveba;17 ISPM #15 - fitosanitariuli zomebis saerTaSoriso standarti.

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gadamuSavebisxarisxi; kontaminaciisgamoricxva(mag.foTlebiTanniadagiT); moTxovna ganviTarebis stadiaze, jiSze, ferze, asakze, simwifis xarisxze da sxva; akrZalulimcenareebis,aracxoveluriwarmoSobissasursaToproduqtebisa da sxva regulirebadi obieqtebis gamoricxva; tvirTebisSefuTvis,transportirebismoTxovnebisdacva; tvirTebisaanpartiebiswarmoSoba; Setanispunqti. inspeqtirebis Sedegebidan gamomdinare dgindeba, Tu ramdenad akmayofilebs tvirTi fitosanitariul moTxovnebs da inspeqtori iRebs gadawyvetilebas fitosanitariuli sertifikatis gacemis Taobaze. laboratoriuli analizi xdeba im SemTxvevaSi Tu tvirTis fitosanitariuli mdgomareobis dasadgenad, tvirTidan aRebul nimuSebSi gamovlenili mavne organizmebis an maTi nakvalevis da simptomebis garkveva ver xerxdeba inspeqtoris mier da moiTxovs specialur analizs an identifikacias. aseTi nimuSebi da gamovlenili mavne organizmebi iluqeba, xdeba maTi danomrva da identifikaciisaTvis laboratoriaSi gagzavna. aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia calkeuli partiebidan damatebiTi nimuSebis aReba. analizis Sedegebidan gamomdinare, inspeqtori iRebs gadawyvetilebas Semdgomi qmedebebis gansaxorcieleblad. damuSaveba aris erT-erTi fitosanitariuli procedura mavne organizmebis ganadgurebis18, inaqtivaciis19 an mocilebis, an maTi sterilizaciisa20 da devitalizaciisaTvis21. uflebamosili piris (inspeqtoris) mier xdeba fitosanitariuli sertifikatis an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis gacemamde Catarebuli yvela fitosanitariuli proceduris aRricxva. fitosanitariuli procedurebis Sesaxeb dgeba aqti or egzemplarad, romlis pirveli egzemplari gadaecema ganmcxadebels, xolo meore inaxeba gamcem organoSi. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, fitosanitariuli sertifikatis da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis Sevseba xdeba sursaTis erovnuli saagentosa an Semosavlebis samsaxuris uflebamosili pirebis mier, mcenareTa dacvis sferoSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT. fitosanitariuli sertifikati da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati ivseba erT-erT saerTaSoriso enaze (inglisuri, franguli, espanuri) an rusul enaze da mzaddeba mcenareTa dacvis saerTaSoriso konvenciiT damtkicebuli formis Sesabamisad. fitosanitariuli sertifikati da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati ivseba lurji an Savi burTuliani kalmiT. aseve, SesaZlebelia misi18 mavne organizmebis ganadgurebaSi igulisxmeba ISPM #15-iT gaTvaliswinebuli damuSavebisa da sxva meTodebis gamoyeneba. 19 inaqtivacia aris procedura, romlis Sedegadac mikroorganizmebi kargaven ganviTarebis unars. 20 sterilizacia aris procedura, romlis Semdegac mavne organizmebi kargaven reproduqciis unars. 21 devitalizacia aris procedura, romlis Semdegac mcenare da mcenareuli produqtebi kargaven gaRivebis, zrda-ganviTarebisa da reproduqciis unars.

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eleqtronulad Sevseba. masSi yvela Canaweri keTdeba garkveviT. dauSvebelia misi gadaxazva, gadafxeka, gadaSla da sxva. Casworebebi fitosanitariul sertifikatebSi Tavidan unda iqnes acilebuli, vinaidan maT, fitosanitariuli sertifikatis sarwmunoobasTan dakavSirebiT gaugebroba SeiZleba Seqmnan. Tumca, Casworebis aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi, is unda moxdes mxolod original fitosanitariul sertifikatze, gamcemi uflebamosili organos mier. Casworebebi unda iyos minimaluri, unda damowmdes xelmoweriTa da StampiT, daTariRdes sertifikatis gamcemi uflebamosili organos mier. tvirTis qveynis teritoriidan gatana, fitosanitariuli sertifikatis an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis gacemidan 14 kalendaruli dRis vadaSi unda moxdes. sertifikatebis dazianebis an maTSi araswori monacemis Setanis SemTxvevaSi ivseba axali sertifikati. aseT SemTxvevaSi Zveli sertifikati gadaixazeba jvaredinad da uflebamosili piris mier Sedgeba, aqti sertifikatis gauqmebis mizezis miTiTebiT. fitosanitariuli sertifikatis da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis eqskluziuri numeracia sursaTis erovnuli saagentos mier gasacemi sertifikatis formebze iwyeba cifriT 1, xolo Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier gasacemi sertifikatis formebze _ cifriT 2. fitosanitariuli sertifikati da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati ivseba sam egzemplarad, romelTagan erTi rCeba gamcem organos, ori ki gadaecema tvirTis mflobels (an tvirTis mflobelis ndobiT aRWurvil pirs), romelTagan erTi egzemplari rCeba tvirTis mflobels, meore ki tvirTis Tanmxlebia. reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati gaicema, Tu: tvirTi importirebulia saqarTveloSi da Semdgom xorcieldeba misi eqsporti sxva qveyanaSi; uflebamosilipiridarwmunebulia,romimportioriqveynisfitosanitariuli moTxovnebi daculia; tvirTi dasawyobda, danawevrda, moxda sxva tvirTebTan Sereva an SefuTvis Secvla im pirobiT, rom maT ar ganucdiaT mavne organizmebisagan dasnebovneba an kontaminacia. reeqsportis SemTxvevaSi fitosanitariuli sertifikatis dedani an misi damowmebuli asli mihyveba tvirTs. Tu importirebuli tvirTi imyofeboda mavne organizmebisagan dasnebovnebis an kontaminaciis saSiSroebis qveS, an Secvlil iqna pirvandeli mdgomareoba an mTlianoba, aseT tvirTze qveynidan gatanisas gaicema fitosanitariuli sertifikati. fitosanitariul sertifikatSi mieTiTeba warmoSobis qveyana saqarTvelo (SeiZleba aseve miTiTebuli iqnas is qveyana sadac Tavdapirvelad SeiZina produqciam fitosanitariuli statusi). tranzituli tvirTis SemTxvevaSi, Tu ar moxda tvirTis mavne organizmebiT dasnebovneba an kontaminacia, fitosanitariuli sertifikati an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikati ar gaicema.

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Tu moxda tvirTis mavne organizmebiT dasnebovneba an kontaminacia, maSin gaicema fitosanitariuli sertifikati. fitosanitariuli sertifikatis da reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis danarTis Sevseba xdeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac fitosanitariuli sertifikatis an sertifikatis Sesabamis grafaSi Casaweri informacia aRemateba aRniSnuli reeqsportis fitosanitariuli grafis zomas. nebismier danarTs, romelic Seicavs fitosanitariul informacias, unda hqondes am fitosanitariuli sertifikatis an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis nomeri da unda iyos daTariRebuli, xelmowerili da beWdiT damowmebuli, am fitosanitariuli sertifikatis an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis msgavsad. fitosanitariuli sertifikatis an reeqsportis fitosanitariuli sertifikatis Sesabamis grafaSi aRniSnuli unda iyos, rom masSi Casaweri informacia warmodgenilia danarTSi. danarTi ar unda Seicavdes im saxis informacias, romelic fitosanitariuli sertifikatSi an reeqsportis fitosanitariul sertifikatSi ar iwereba maSinac ki, rodesac masSi aris sakmarisi adgili. Tu danarTis moculoba aRemateba erT gverds, maSin yvela gverdi unda iqnes danomrili da gverdebis raodenoba unda iyos miTiTebuli fitosanitariul sertifikatSi. tvirTs, fitosanitariul sertifikatebTan erTad, SeiZleba axldes sxva dokumentebi, iseTi rogoricaa florisa da faunis gadaSenebis safrTxis qveS myofi saxeobebiT sarTaSoriso vaWrobis konvenciis (CITES) sertifikatebi, magram es dokumentebi ar unda CaiTvalos fitosanitariuli sertifikatebis danarTad. aseve, fitosanitariul sertifikatebSi ar unda iyos miniSneba msgavs dokumentebze. fitosanitariuli sertifikatis dublikati aris fitosanitariuli sertifikatis originalis asli, romelic aris dadasturebuli (beWdiT, TariRiT da xelmoweriT) sursaTis erovnuli saagentosa an Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier da romelic aRniSnavs, rom es aris fitosanitariuli sertifikatis originalis Sesabamisi iuridiuli Zalis mqone asli. igi SeiZleba gaices eqsportioris moTxovnisas. igi ar Caanacvlebs originals. amgvari aslebi ZiriTadad gaicema reeqsportis miznebisaTvis. fitosanitariuli sertifikatebi SeiZleba gamoicvalos eqsportioris moTxovniT im tvirTisaTvis, romelzec ukve gacemuli iyo fitosanitariuli sertifikati. es unda moxdes mxolod gamonaklis SemTxvevebSi (mag. gacemuli fitosanitariuli sertifikatis dazianeba; misamarTis, daniSnulebis qveynis an Setanis punqtis Secvla; informaciis gamotoveba an araswori informacia) da unda gaices Sesacvleli fitosanitariuli sertifikatis gamcemi organos mier. yvela SemTxvevaSi, gamcemma organom unda moTxovos eqsportiors fitosanitariuli sertifikatis originalis da am tvirTze gacemuli yvela dublikatebis dabruneba. fitosanitariuli sertifikatebis gamocvlasTan dakavSirebiT sxva moTxovnebia: Sesacvlelad dabrunebuli fitosanitariuli sertifikatebi unda gauqmdes da gauqmebuli formebi Senaxul unda iqnes gamcem organoSi;

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axalfitosanitariulsertifikatsarundahqondesigivenomerirac Secvlils; magram damatebiT deklaraciaSi unda mieTiTos ganacxadi imis Taobaze, rom am sertifikatiT Seicvala gauqmebuli sertifikati # (CawereT nomeri) gacemuli (CawereT TariRi). Tu adre gacemuli fitosanitariuli sertifikatis dabruneba SeuZlebelia da aRar imyofeba gamcemi organos pasuxismgeblobisa da kontrolis farglebSi (magaliTad, daikarga an sxva qveyanaSia), gamcemma organom SeiZleba miiRos sertifikatis Secvlis gadawyvetileba.

3. evrokavSirSi moqmedi samarTlebrivi regulirebaevrokavSiris bazarze aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtis (m.S. mwvanilis, dafnisa da Txilis) warmoeba, gadamuSaveba, distribucia da importi regulirdeba evrokavSirSi moqmedi sxvadasxva normatiuli aqtebiT, rogoricaa: regulaciebi, direqtivebi, gadawyvetilebebi da standartebi. 3.1. sursaTis higiena sursaTis uvneblobis Sesaxeb evrokavSiris mTavar sakanonmdeblo aqts evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris sabWos 2002 wlis 28 ianvris #178/2002 regulacia warmoadgens. xsenebuli regulacia Seexeba sursaTis Sesaxeb kanonis zogad safuZvlebsa da moTxovnebs, sursaTis uvneblobis sakiTxSi evrokavSiris uzenaesi organos Seqmnasa da procedurebs sursaTis uvneblobis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. am regulaciiT aRiarebuli iqna integrirebuli midgoma fermidan suframde, romlis mixedviTac aqcenti saboloo produqtis Semowmebidan gadavida sursaTis warmoebis procesis mTeli ciklis kontrolze. evrokavSiris sabWosa da evroparlamentis 2002 wlis 28 ianvris #178/2002 regulaciis Sesabamisad, sursaTis biznesoperatorebma, unda dagegmon sursaTis miwodebis usafrTxo sistema da uzrunvelyon maT mier warmoebuli sursaTis uvnebloba. aRsaniSnavia, rom evrokavSiris sabWosa da evroparlamentis 2002 wlis 28 ianvris #178/2002 regulaciis mixedviT, evrokavSiris bazarze importirebuli sursaTis uvneblobaze pasuxismgebloba sursaTis importiors ekisreba. Tu importiors aqvs safuZvliani eWvi, rom mis mier evrokavSirSi Setanili sursaTi ar akmayofilebs sursaTis uvneblobis moTxovnebs, man dauyovnebliv unda amoiRos saeWvo sursaTi bazridan da amis Sesaxeb acnobos evrokavSiris Sesabamisi wevri qveynis kompetentur uwyebas. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu saeWvo sursaTma ukve miaRwia momxmareblamde, importiorma saTanado informacia unda miawodos momxmarebels am sursaTis bazridan amoRebis Taobaze. sursaTis mikvlevadobis uzrunvelsayofad importiori valdebulia flobdes informacias, rogorc sursaTis warmoSobis, aseve mwarmoeblis Sesaxeb.

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sursaTi, romelic gankuTvnilia evrokavSiris bazarze Sesatanad unda iyos etiketirebuli misi mikvlevadobis uzrunvelsayofad, Sesabamisi dokumentaciisa Tu informaciis meSveobiT. am mizniT biznesoperatorebs unda hqondeT SemoRebuli sistemebi da procedurebi, romelTa Sesaxebac informacia moTxovnisamebr waredgineba kompetentur organoebs. sursaTis etiketirebam, reklamirebam da prezentaciam, maTma formam, garegnulma mxarem an SefuTvam, gamoyenebulma SesafuTma masalam, wardgenis an daxlze ganTavsebis meTodma da maT Sesaxeb nebismieri saSualebiT xelmisawvdomma informaciam ar unda Seiyvanos momxmarebeli SecdomaSi. Tu dasabuTebulia, rom mesame qveynidan importirebulma sursaTma SesaZloa seriozuli safrTxe Seuqmnas adamianis janmrTelobas an garemos, da rom am riskis aRmofxvra miRebuli zomebiT SeuZlebelia, am SemTxvevaSi evrokavSiris kompetenturi uwyebebis mier gatarebuli iqneba Semdegi RonisZiebebi: sursaTisimportisSeCerebamesameqveynidan,anmisinawilidan,ansaWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, tranzitis qveynidan; specifikuri pirobebis gansazRvra mocemuli sursaTisadmi mTlianad mesame qveynidan, an misi nawilidan; nebismierisxvaSesabamisigardamavalizoma. evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris sabWos 2004 wlis 29 aprilis #852/2004 regulacia awesebs sursaTis higienis zogad moTxovnebs, romlebic biznesoperatorebma unda daakmayofilon. sursaTTan dakavSirebuli safrTxe unda iqnas gamovlenili pirveladi warmoebis etapze da Sesabamisad gakontroldes, raTa daculi iqnas zemoaRniSnuli maregulirebeli wesebis moTxovnebi. vinaidan pirveladi warmoebis mimarT safrTxis analizisa da kritikuli sakontrolo wertilebis sistemis (HACCP) gamoyeneba jerjerobiT ganuxorcielebelia, biznesoperatorebs meurneobis doneze danergili unda hqondeT saTanado sawarmoo da higienuri praqtika (GMP22 , GHP23). sursaTis biznesoperatorebis mimarT unda ganxorcieldes oficialuri kontroli, raTa Semowmdes ramdenad icaven isini warmoebisadmi wayenebul moTxovnebs, xolo maT unda SeimuSaon usafrTxoebis programebi da procedurebi HACCP-is principebze dayrdnobiT. evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris sabWos 2004 wlis 29 aprilis #852/2004 regulaciis mixedviT, sursaTis biznesoperatori valdebulia: daicvassursaTisTvisgansazRvrulimikrobiologiurikriteriumebi; daicvasammaregulirebelwesebSimiTiTebulimiznebismiRwevisaTvis aucilebeli procedurebi; akontrolossursaTismimoqcevisdrosSesabamisitemperatura; periodulad awarmoos sursaTis nimuSebis aReba da laboratoriuli analizi; daicvassursaTihaerisgan,niadagisgan,wylisgan,sasuqisgan,cxovelebis, mavneblebis da sxva SesaZlo faqtorebiT gamowveuli dabinZurebisgan; sursaTsganaridosdabinZurebissafrTxisSemcvelinivTierebebi;22 GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) sanimuSo sawarmoo praqtika. 23 GHP (Good Hydienic Practice) sanimuSo higienis praqtika.

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daicvassursaTiswarmoebisTvisgamoyenebuliaRWurvilobis,manqana danadgarebisa da satransporto saSualebebis sisufTave; uzrunvelyossursaTishigienuradwarmoeba,transportirebadaSenax a; v sursaTis dabinZurebis Tavidan asacileblad gamoiyenos sasmeli an sufTa wyali; uzrunvelyos sursaTis warmoebis procesSi monawile personalis janmrTelobis mdgomareobis kontroli; gaiTvaliswinosmcenarisgamokvlevebisSedegebi,romlebicmniSvnelovania adamianis janmrTelobisTvis; kanoniTadadgenilfarglebSigamoiyenosmcenarisdasacaviproduqtebi da biocidebi; aRwerosmismiergatarebuliprevenciulizomebi. aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis evrokavSiris bazarze importisas, evrokavSiris wevri qveynebi amowmeben am produqtebis Sesabamisobas sursaTis uvneblobis moTxovnebTan, kerZod, sakvebdanamatebis, nitratebis, mikotoqsinebis, pesticidebis da sxva biologiuri Tu qimiuri warmoSobis damabinZureblebis SemcvelobasTan dakavSirebiT. evrokavSiris wevri qveynis kanonmdeblobazea damokidebuli, Tu sad Catardeba amgvari Semowmeba, sazRvris gadakveTis adgilze, importioris sawyobSi, Tu sacalo vaWrobis qselSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom evrokavSiris bazarze cxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis eqsportisgan gansxvavebiT, aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis eqsportis wesebi naklebad mkacria. cxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportisTvis, evrokavSirisgan eqsportze Tanxmobis miReba da mesame qveynis mewarmis im sawarmoTa siaSi Seyvanaa aucilebeli, romlebsac aRniSnuli produqtebis evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportis ufleba aqvT. es wesi ar vrceldeba evrokavSiris bazarze aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis eqsportiorebze. Tumca, eqsportiori valdebulia uzrunvelyos sursaTis Sesabamisoba evrokavSiris sursaTis uvneblobis zogad standartebTan da waradginos fitosanitarul da marketingul standartebTan Sesabamisobis sertifikatebi. evrokomisiis 2009 wlis24 ivlisis #669/2009 regulacia awesebs gamkacrebul kontrlos mesame qveynebidan evrokavSiris bzarze eqsportirebuli aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebis mimarT, romelic moicavs tvirTis dokumentur, fizikur da identurobis Semowmebas (m.S. laboratoriuli analizebis Catarebas), kontrolis sixSire ganisazRvreba Semdegi faqtorebiT: swrafisagangaSoSetyobinebiT(RASFF) gavrcelebuli informacia; mesameqveynebidanmowodebuliinformacia. organuli sursaTis warmoebisa da evrokavSiris bazarze importis sakiTxebs aregulirebs evrokavSiris sabWos 2007 wlis 28 ivnisis #834/2007 da evrokomisiis 2008 wlis 8 dekembris #1235/2008 regulaciebi. organuli sursaTisaTvis evrokavSirs SemoRebuli aqvs specialuri logo, romelic miuTiTebs, rom am produqtebma gaiares evrokavSiris Sesabamisi Semowmebis procedurebi.

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3.2. etiketireba sursaTis etiketirebas aregulirebs evrokavSiris sabWosa da evroparlamentis 2000 wlis 20 martis #2000/13/EC direqtiva. aRniSnuli direqtiva exeba momxmareblisaTvis misawodebeli sursaTis etiketirebas, misi wardgenis da reklamirebis konkretul aspeqtebs. es direqtiva avaldebulebs adgilobriv mwarmoeblebsa da importiorebs mkacrad daicvan dadgenili wesebi da moTxovnebi. sursaTis etiketze aucilebelad unda iyos miTiTebuli Semdegi informacia: sursaTisdasaxeleba; sursaTismwarmoeblis,damfasoeblis,anevrokavSirisbazarzedistributoris saxeli da misamarTi; sursaTiswarmoSobisqveyanadawarmoebisadgili; sursaTisraodenoba(litri,mililitri,kilogramiangrami); vargisianobis vada sityvebiT vargisia (TariRi)mde an vargisia (TariRi)-is bolomde. iseTi sursaTis SemTxvevaSi, romelic ar inaxeba sam Tveze meti xnis ganmalvobaSi sakmarisia dRisa da Tvis miTiTeba, romelic inaxeba sam Tveze met xans, magram ara umetes 18 Tvisa sakmarisia Tvis da wlis miTiTeba, xolo sursaTisTvis, romelic inaxeba 18 Tveze met xans, sakmarisia mxolod wlis miTiTeba. SenaxvisangamoyenebisraimegansakuTrebulipirobebi; sursaTisSemadgeneliingredientebis24 CamonaTvali; zogierT komponentTan dakavSirebiT moiTxoveba Sesabamisi miniSneba etiketze (mag: genetikurad modificirebuli organizmebi, warmoebaSi gamoyenebuli airebi, damatkbobeli nivTierebebi, aspartami, kofeini, qinini da sxva). etiketze akrZalulia iseTi informaciis gamoyeneba, romelmac SeiZleba SecdomaSi Seiyvanos momxmarebeli: sursaTisTvisebebTan,gansakuTrebiTkimisxarisxTan,SemadgenlobasTan, raodenobasTan, warmoebis adgilTan an warmoSobasTan, warmoebis meTodTan dakavSirebiT; sursaTzeiseTiefeqtebisanTvisebebismiweriT,romelsacisarflobs ; konkretuli sursaTisaTvis specialuri Tvisebebis miweriT, rodesac sxva msgavsi produqtic flobs amgvar Tvisebas. etiketze ganTavsebuli informaciis akrZalva an SezRudva aseve exeba: sursaTiswardgenas,kerZodmisformas,vizualurmxaresanSefuTvas, gamoyenebul SesafuT masalas, momzadebis meTods; reklamirebas. ingredientebisa da vargisianobis vadis miTiTeba aucilebeli ar aris axal xilsa da bostneulze. evroparlamentis da evrokavSiris sabWos 2003 wlis 10 noembris 2003/89/EC direqtivis mixedviT, alergiuli efeqtis mqone ingredientebi, teqnologiuri24 ingredienti niSnavs nebismier nivTierebas, maT Soris danamats, romelic gamoyenebulia sakvebi produqtis warmoebaSi an momzadebaSi da arsebobs mza produqtSi, Tundac Secvlili formiT.

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danamatebi da sxva nivTierebebi eqvemdebareba etiketze aucilebel aRniSvnas, raTa momxmareblebi, romlebsac am produqtebis mimarT alergia aqvT saTanadod iyvnen informirebuli. 3.3. mikrobiologiuri da fiziko-qimiuri maCveneblebis normativebi evrokomisiis 2005 wlis 15 noembris #2073/2005 regulacia adgens specifikur mikrobiologiur maCveneblebsa da maT limitebs sxvadasxva saxeobis sursaTisaTvis, maT Soris aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTisaTvis. salmonelas gavrcelebis safrTxesTan dakavSirebiT, regulaciaSi aRniSnulia mza sasursaTo produqtebis Semdegi kategoriebi: ayvavebuliTesli; daWrilixilidabostneuli. oficialuri SemowmebisTvis unda moxdes nimuSis 5 erTeulad aReba. salmonelas Tundac erT erTeulSi (25 gramSi) aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi produqti ar unda iqnas daSvebuli bazarze. listeriis (Listeria monocytogenes) laboratoriuli kvleva warmoebs mza sasursaTo produqtebSi. oficialuri SemowmebisTvis unda moxdes nimuSis 5 erTeulad aReba. TiToeul erTeulSi dasaSvebia araumetes 100 kwe/g. (mikroorganizmebis koloniis warmomqmneli erTeuli/gramze25). listeriis laboratoriuli kvleva xorcieldeba uSualod sawarmoo procesisa da bazarze ganTavsebis etapebze. nawlavis Cxiris (E.coli) dasaSvebi raodenobebi normirdeba sakvebad gamzadebuli daWrili xilisa da bostneuliskategoriis sursaTisaTvis. gamosakvlevad aRebuli unda iyos sursaTis nimuSi 5 erTeulad. laboratoriuli analizis Sedegebi Semdegnairad ganisazRvreba: damakmayofilebeliaTuxuTivegamokvleulerTeulSiSedegebiaraRemateba 100kwe/g; dasaSvebiaTu5danaraumetes2erTeulSimiRebuliSedegi1001000kwe/g farglebSia, xolo danarCen 3 erTeulSi ar aRemateba 100kwe/g; aradamakmayofilebelia Tu 5dan Tundac erT erTeulSi aWarbebs 1000kwe/g, an 3 da met erTeulSi 100-1000 kwe/g Sorisaa. nawlavis Cxiris (E.coli) laboratoriuli kvleva xorcieldeba mwarmoeblis mier, sawarmoo procesis dros. evrokavSiris wevri qveynebi valdebulni arian, uzrunvelyon sursaTisaTvis dawesebuli mikrobiologiuri kriteriumebis dacva da maTi monitoringi, maT Soris importirebul sursaTze. evrokavSiris wevri calkeuli qveynis Sesabamisi kompetenturi uwyeba axdens am kriteriumebis mixedviT sursaTis Semowmebas, rogorc evrokavSiris sazRvris gadakveTis punqtSi, aseve evrokavSiris bazarze moxvedris Semdeg. kriteriumebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, importisTvis gankuTvnili sursaTi evrokavSiris bazarze ar daiSveba da evrokavSiris wevri saxelmwifo amis Sesaxeb evrokomisias acnobebs. Tu importi ukve ganxorcielda da mavnebelma sursaTma momxmareblamde miaRwia, igi bazridan amoRebul unda iqnas da im25 http://ec.europa.eu/atoz_en.htm

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portiors ekisreba momxmareblis saTanadod informirebis valdebuleba. evrokavSiris bazarze Setanili sursaTi aseve unda akmayofilebdes sursaTis damabinZurebeli (kontaminantebi) nivTierebebis Sesaxeb evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebs. evrokomisiis 2006 wlis 19 dekembris #1881/2006 regulacia adgens garkveuli damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis Semcvelobis zRvrul dones aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTisaTvis, maT Soris: mwvanilSi, Txilsa da sunelebSi. am regulaciiT normirebulia: nitratis(NO3) Semcveloba ispanaxsa da salaTaSi; sxvadasxvamikotoqsinebis(B1, B2, G1, G2) Semcveloba Txilsa da sunelebSi (m.S. dafnis foTolSi); mZimemetalebis(tyvia,kadmiumi)SemcvelobamwvanilSi. damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis Semcvelobis normativebi mwvanilis, Txilisa da sunelebisTvis (dafnis foTlis CaTvliT) mocemulia cxrilSi #4. cxrili #4 mwvanilis, Txilisa da sunelebis qimiuri maCveneblebiproduqtebis jgufi mwvanili Txili (aradafasoebuli, gadamuSavebisTvis) Txili (dafasoebuli, sakvebad pirdapir gamoyenebisaTvis) sunelebi (dafnis foTlis CaTvliT) qimiuri maCveneblebi tyvia kadmiumi aflatoqsini B1 B1+ B2+G1+G2 aflatoqsini B1 B1+B2+G1+G2 aflatoqsini B1 B1+B2+G1+G2 zRvruli doneebi mkg/kg, ara umetes 100 200 5 10 2 4 5 10

rogorc mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da TxilisTvis saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli qimiuri da mikrobiologiuri maCveneblebis zRvruli dasaSvebi doneebis (qveTavi 2.7., cxrilebi #1; #2 da #3) da evrokavSiris kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli igive maCveneblebis zRvruli dasaSvebi doneebis (qveTavi 3.3., cxrili #4) Sedarebidan Cans, saqarTvelos da evrokavSiris mier am moTxovnebis mimarT dadgenil normebs Soris mniSvnelovani sxvaobaa. amJamad saqarTvelos Sesabamisi struqturebi aqtiurad muSaoben zemoaRniSnuli normativebis dasaaxloeblad. aRniSnuli moTxovnebis dacva mkacrad kontroldeba evrokavSiris bazarze mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da Txilis importisas. evrokavSiris sazRvris gadakveTis adgilze sursaTs utardeba SerCeviTi laboratoriuli kontroli. darRvevis aRmoCenis SemTxvevaSi evrokavSiris Sesabamisi wevri qveynis kompetenturi uwyebebi imports SeaCereben. evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris sabWos 2005 wlis 23 Tebervlis #396/2005 regulacia awesebs pesticidebis narCenis zRvrul dones (MRLs Maximum Residue Levels) daaxloebiT 600 substanciisTvis, rac dawv-

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rilebiT aris mocemuli evrokavSiris pesticidebis monacemTa bazaSi26. evrokavSiris sabWos 1978 wlis 21 dekembris #79/117 direqtivaSi mocemulia sursaTis warmoebaSi gamoyenebisTvis akrZaluli pesticidebi. mwvanilis, dafnis foTlisa da Txilis evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportiorebma unda uzrunvelyon, rom eqsportisTvis gankuTvnil sursaTSi pesticidebis raodenoba ar aRematebodes evrokavSiris mier dawesebul pesticidebis narCenis zRvrul raodenobas. evrokavSiris sazRvris gadakveTisas Catarebuli SerCeviTi Semowmebis Sedegad aRmoCenili darRvevebis SemTxvevaSi, tvirTi evrokavSiris bazarze ar daiSveba. eqsportiorebma aseve Tvalyuri unda adevnon narCenis zRvrulad daSvebuli raodenobis cvlilebas, raTa evrokavSiris axali moTxovnebi droulad (eqsportis ganxorcielebamde) iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli. sursaTis uvneblobis Sesaxeb evrokavSiris kanonmdebloba aseve aregulirebs sursaTSi sakvebdanamatebis dasaSveb raodenobas. evrokavSiris sabWos 1988 wlis 21 dekembris #89/107 direqtivis mixedviT, sakvebdanamatebis umetesobis gamoyeneba, garkveuli sursaTisaTvis mxolod SezRuduli raodenobiTaa daSvebuli. zogierTi sakvebdanamatisTvis ar aris dawesebuli maqsimaluri zRvari, Tumca maTi gamoyeneba unda moxdes saTanado sawarmoo praqtikis Sesabamisad, iseTi raodenobiT, romelic aucilebelia konkretuli miznis misaRwevad da rac ar iwvevs momxmareblis SecdomaSi Seyvanas. sakvebdanamati, aseTis Semcvelobis SemTxvevaSi, miTiTebuli unda iyos sursaTis etiketze. genetikurad modificirebuli sursaTis evrokavSiris bazarze mimoqcevas aregulirebs evroparlamentisa da evrokavSiris sabWos 2003 wlis 22 seqtembris #1829/2003 da #1830/2003 regulaciebi da 2001 wlis 12 martis #2001/18/ EC direqtiva. sasursaTo produqtSi, romelSic genetikurad modificirebuli komponentebi sursaTis saerTo masis 0,9%-ze metia, eqvemdebareba etiketze aucilebel aRniSvnas. 3.4. marketinguli standartebi mesame qveynebidan aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportis wesebis umravlesoba harmonizebulia evrokavSiris wevr saxelmwifoebs Soris. evrokavSiris wevri saxelmwifoebis sainspeqcio organoebi27 dokumenturi da/an fizikuri inspeqtirebiT uzrunvelyofen importisTvis gankuTvnili aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis zogad da specifikur marketingul standartebTan Sesabamisobis Semowmebas da gascemen Sesabamisobis sertifikats rac aucilebelia am saxis sursaTis evrokavSiris bazarze Setanisas. evrokavSiris sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebis warmoebisa da marketingis wesebs, specifikur debulebebs zogierTi sasoflo-sameurneo produqtisTvis, ase26 http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public/index.cfm 27 sainspeqcio organo(ebi) - evrokavSiris wevri TiToeuli qveynis mier gansazRvruli sainspeqcio organo(ebi), romelic pasuximgebelia aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis marketingul standartebTan Sesabamisobis Semowmebaze, produqciis Tavisufal mimoqcevaSi gaSvebamde.

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ve sasoflo-sameurneo produqtebiT mesame qveynebTan vaWrobis reJimebs evrokavSiris sabWos 2007 wlis 22 oqtombris #1234/2007 regulacia gansazRvravs. evrokavSiris sabWos zemoaRniSnul regulaciaze dayrdnobiT, evrokomisiam SeimuSava 2008 wlis 5 dekembris #1221/2008 regulacia, romelic gansazRvravs xilisa da bostneulis zogad da specifikur marketingul standartebs da eqsport/importis procedurebs. aRniSnuli regulaciis Tanaxmad, aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis (maT Soris mwvanilis da naWuWiani Txili) evrokavSiris bazarze realizacia dasaSvebia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu igi akmayofilebs iseT zogad marketingul standartebs, rogoricaa: xarisxisminimalurimoTxovnebi; simwifisminimalurimoTxovnebi; gadacdomamoTxovnebidanda produqciiswarmoSobisaRniSvna. evrokomisiis 2011 wlis 7 ivnisis #543/2011 regulaciis Tanaxmad, garCeuli Txili (CN28 code 080222), garCeuli kakali (CN code 080232), miwis Txili (CN code 08025000), avstraliuri kakali (CN code 08026000), sxva saxis Txili (CN code 08029085), tropikuli Txilis narevi (CN code 08135031) da sxva saxis Txilis narevi (CN code 08135039) Tavisufalia zogadi marketinguli standartebis moTxovnebisgan. marketingul standartebs (arc zogads da arc specifikurs) ar eqvemdebareba dafnis foToli. aRsaniSnavia, rom specifikuri marketinguili standartebi ar vrceldeba Txilze da mwvanilze. naWuWian Txilze, naWuWian kakalze da niaxurze specifikuri marketinguli standartebi gauqmda evrokomisiis 2008 wlis 5 dekembris #1221/2008 regulaciis miRebis Semdeg, romlis preambulis me-10 punqtmac gaauqma evrokomisiis 2002 wlis 15 ivlisis #1284/2002 regulacia (naWuWiani Txilis specifikuri marketinguli standarti), evrokomisiis 2001 wlis 26 ianvris #175/2001 regulacia (naWuWiani kaklis specifikuri marketinguli standarti) da evrokomisiis 1987 wlis 5 ivnisis #1591/87 regulacia (niaxuris specifikuri marketinguli standarti). Semdgomi gadamuSavebis mizniT, aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis evrokavSirSi importisas, evrokavSiris marketinguli standartebis dakmayofleba ar moiTxoveba. Tumca, aseT SemTxvevaSi produqciis SefuTvaze aucileblad unda iyos etiketi, romelzec mkafiod iqneba miTiTebuli: gamiznulia gadamuSavebisTvis. dawvrilebiTi informacia aracxoveluri warmoSobis sursaTis marketingul standartebTan dakavSirebiT, SegiZliaT ixiloT evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznes sabWos mier 2010 wels gamocemuli publikaciis mesame qveynebidan evrokavSiris bazarze axali xilisa da bostneulis eqsportis sakiTxebi me-2 TavSi.

28 CN _ kombinirebuli nomenklatura _ evrokavSiris saimporto tarifis erTiani statistikuri da satarifo nomenklatura. damatebiTi informaciisTvis ixileT evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznes sabWos 2008 wlis publikacia: evrokavSiris bazarze importirebuli saqonlis dabegvris Taviseburebani (www.eugbc.net).

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3.5. mcenareTa sijansaRisa da fitosanitariuli moTxovnebi mcenaris sijansaRisa da fitosanitariuli moTxovnebi29 mcenareebsa da aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqtebze mocemulia evrokavSiris sabWos 2000 wlis 8 maisis #2000/29 direqtivaSi. fitosanitariuli moTxovnebi vrceldeba mwvanilze, Txilsa da dafnis foTolze da maTi dacva aucilebelia mesame qveynebidan, maT Soris saqarTvelodan xsenebuli sursaTis evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportirebisas. aRniSnuli direqtivis Tanaxmad, zogierT mcenaresa da aracxoveluri warmoSobis sasursaTo produqts, evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportisas unda axldes mesame qveynis kompetenturi uwyebis mier gacemuli fitosanitariuli sertifikati an fitosanitariuli sertifikati reeqsportisaTvis (ix. danarTi #2 da danarTi #3). saerTaSoriso vaWrobis dros xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis mimoqceva regulirdeba fitosanitariuli zomebis #15 saerTaSoriso standartiT (ISPM #15) gansazRvruli fitosanitariuli zomebiT. aRniSnuli standarti aRwers saerTaSorisod miRebul praqtikas, romelic yvela qveynis mier gamoiyeneba xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis mimarT, am masalebiT sakarantino da sxva saSiSi mavne organizmebis Setanisa da gavrcelebis riskis Semcirebis mizniT. aRniSnuli standarti vrceldeba xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis yvela saxeobaze, romlebic SeiZleba iyvnen mavne organizmebis gadamtani, an warmoadgendnen safrTxes cocxali xeebisaTvis. xis tarasa da SesafuT masalas ganekuTvneba: SesafuTiblokebi; kolofebi; yuTebi; samagrimerqani; qveSsadebebi; sakabelodolebi; koWebidasxv. aRniSnuli masala praqtikulad gvxvdeba nebismier importirebul tvirTebSi, iseTi tvirTebis CaTvliT, romlebic fitosanitariul kontrols ar eqvemdebareba. ISPM #15 standartiT gaTvaliswinebuli zomebi dabali riskis gamo ar vrceldeba Semdeg masalebze: Txeli merqnisagan (6 mm. da naklebi sisqis) damzadebuli xis tara da SesafuTi masala; mTlianadgadamuSavebulimerqnisagan(mravalSrianiSewebilifirficari, merqan-burbuSelovani filebi) damzadebuli xis tara da SesafuTi masala, romelic damzadda webos, siTbos, wnevis an maTi kombinaciis gamoyenebiT; Rvinisadasxvaalkoholianisasmelebisxiskasrebze,romlebmacdamzadebisas Tburi damuSaveba gaiares;29 mcenaris sijansaRisa da fitosanitariul moTxovnebze dawvrilebiTi informacia SegiZliaT ixiloT evrokavSiri-saqarTvelos biznes sabWos.mier 2010 wels gamocemuli publikaciis _ mesame qveynebidan evrokavSiris bazarze axali xilisa da bostneulis eqsportis sakiTxebi me-4 TavSi (www.eugbc.net).

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Rvinis,sigarebisansxvasaqonlisaTvisxisgandamzadebulisasaCuqre kolofebi, romlebic gadamuSavebuli an damuSavebuli iqna imgvarad, rac gamoricxavs mavne organizmebiT dasnebovnebas; naxerxi,xisburbuSeladaxisbewvi(wvriliSesafuTiburbuSela); xisdetalebi,romlebicmudmivadaadamagrebulisatvirToavtomanqanebsa da konteinerebze. standartSi aRwerili fitosanitariuli zomebi moicavs xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis damuSavebisa da markirebis procedurebs. markirebis SemoRebiT gamoiricxa fitosanitariuli sertifikatis gamoyenebis aucilebloba, radganac markirebiT dasturdeba saerTaSorisod miRebuli fitosanitariuli zomebis gamoyeneba. es fitosanitariuli zomebi miRebuli unda iqnas mcenareTa dacvisa da karantinis yvela erovnuli organizaciis mier, rogorc xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis Semotanis safuZveli damatebiTi specialuri moTxovnebis gareSe. saerTaSoriso vaWrobaSi mimoqcevadi xis tara da SesafuTi masala unda iyos damuSavebuli brommeTiliT an Termulad. xis tara da SesafuTi masala, miuxedavad imisa riT aris is damuSavebuli, kangaclili merqnisagan unda iyos damzadebuli. dasaSvebia qerqis narCenebiani xis taris an SesafuTi masalis gamoyeneba Tu: narCeniqerqisiganeSi3smzenaklebia(sigrZismiuxedavad); 3smzeganieria,magramerTinarCeniqerqissaerTofarTobi50sm2-ze naklebia. meTilbromidiT xis taris damuSavebamde mas qerqi unda gaecalos, vinaidan qerqi damuSavebis efeqturobas aqveiTebs. Termuli damuSavebis SemTxvevaSi, qerqis gacla SeiZleba rogorc damuSavebamde, aseve damuSavebis Semdeg. Termuli damuSaveba niSnavs, rom merqanma an xis taram da SesafuTma masalam imgvari Termuli fitosanitariuli damuSaveba gaiara, rom Srobis procesSi merqanis mTel sisqeze (Suagulis CaTvliT), aranakleb 30 wuTis ganmavlobaSi, minimum 56 temperatura miiRweoda. xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis brommeTiliT fumigaciisas damuSavebis sqemis erTi magaliTi, romelic SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas wamoyenebuli moTxovnebis Sesasruleblad naCvenebia cxrilSi #5. cxrili #5 xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis brommeTiliT fumigaciisas damuSavebis erT-erTi sqemabrommeTilis doza (g/ m3 ) 48 56 64 brommeTilis minimaluri koncentracia (g/m3) sT-is Semdeg 2 saaTi 36 42 48 4 saaTi 31 36 42 24 saaTi 24 28 32

temperatura 21 an meti 16 an meti 10 an meti

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xis taris da SesafuTi masalis markirebis magaliTebia:

markireba adasturebs, rom merqanma, an xis taram da SesafuT masalam gaiara dadgenili fitosanitariuli damuSaveba. markireba Semdegnairad iSifreba: IPPC -saerTaSorisod miRebuli simbolo; GE - qveynis kodi; 000 - xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis mwarmoeblisTvis an gausnebovnebis CamtareblisTvis sursaTis erovnuli saagentos mier miniWebuli kodi; HT (Termuli); MB (brommeTiliT) - damuSavebis saxe. markireba unda iyos: erTiferis; adviladkiTxvadi; adviladarundaiSlebodes; undagamoiricxosmisigadatana(arundaiyosdabeWdilimag.qaRaldze, firfitaze da Semdeg mikruli SesafuT masalaze); datanilitarisadaSesafuTmasalisormopirdapiremxares,TvalsaCino adgilas; daStampuli(markirebuliwyalgamZlesaRebaviTanamomwvari.dauSvebelia xeliT dawerili an daxatuli markireba); gamoyenebuli fitosanitariulad damuSavebuli merqnis an xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis markirebisaTvis. akrZalulia wiTeli an narinjisferi markirebis gamoyeneba, vinaidan aRniSnuli ferebi saSiSi sagnebis/tvirTebis aRsaniSnavad gamoiyeneba. markirebuli xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis warmoebisa da remontis dros unda xorcieldebodes nayidi (Semotanili) merqnisa da realizebuli nakeTobebis raodenobis aRricxva ( da MB damuSavebis Sesaxeb aRniSvnebi miTiTebuli unda iyos rogorc yidvisas, ise gayidvisas). da MB damuSavebuli merqani unda inaxebodes sawarmoSi gamoyenebuli sxva masalisagan calke. aucileblad unda iyos daculi da MB markirebis dasma, mxolod damuSavebul merqanze. xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis damzadebisaTvis gamoyenebuli unda iqnas qerqgaclili merqani. xis tarisa da SesafuTi masalis remontisas (roca icvleba detalebis 1/3-ze naklebi) gamoyenebuli unda iqnas mxolod ISPM #15 Sesabamisad damuSavebuli da markirebuli merqani. garemontebuli xis tara da SesafuTi masala (roca icvleba detalebis 1/3-ze meti) xelaxla unda damuSavdes. garemontebul xis tarasa da SesafuT masalaze adre datanili yvela markireba unda ganadgurdes (mag. gadaifxikos,

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gadaiRebos). ganmeorebiTi damuSavebis Semdeg markireba datanili unda iqnas ISPM #15 Sesabamisad. 3.6. zogadi da specifkiuri moTxovnebi saqarTvelodan Txilis, dafnis foTlis da mwvanilis evrokavSiris bazarze importisas

imisaTvis, rom sasursaTo produqtebi, maT Soris Txili, dafnis foToli da mwvanili daSvebul iqnas evrokavSiris bazarze, maT unda daakmayofilon evrokavSiris zogadi da specifikuri moTxovnebi. aseve gadaxdili unda iqnas Sesabamisi gadasaxadebi (dRg, saaqcizo gadasaxadi). informacia zemoxsenebuli moTxovnebis da gadasaxadebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba vixiloT evrokomisiis mier Seqmnil Export Helpdesk-ze, romelic mesame qveynebidan evrokavSiris bazarze eqsportis xelSewyobis mizniT Seqmnil ufaso internet momsaxurebas warmoadgens. Export Helpdesk-is internet-misamarTia: www.exporthelp.europa.eu. igi 6 enaze (inglisuri, franguli, espanuri, portugaliuri, arabuli da rusuli) funqcionirebs. Export Helpdesk-Si informacia sistematizirebulia calkeuli produqtebis mixedviT. am informaciis misaRebad gamoyenebuli unda iqnas e.w. sasaqonlo kodi. sasaqonlo kodebi aiReba evrokavSiris kombinirebuli nomenklaturidan, romelic kodirebis saerTaSoriso klasifikacias, e.w. harmonizebul sistemas efuZneba. evrokavSiris kombinirebuli nomenklatura evrokavSiris sabWos 1987 wlis 23 ivlisis N 2658/87 regulaciiT regulirdeba. Export Helpdesk-idan saWiro informaciis miReba, saqarTvelodan garCeuli Txilis (sasaqonlo kodi: 08022200), dafnis foTlis (sasaqonli kodi: 0910995000) da mwvanilis (sasaqonli kodi: 0709999000) evrokavSiris bazarze, konkretulad ki belgiis samefoSi eqsportis magaliTze ganvixiloT. informacia saqarTvelodan Txilis, dafnis foTlisa da mwvanilis evrokavSiris bazarze (belgiis samefos magaliTze) importisas arsebuli zogadi da specifiuri moTxovnebis, aseve belgiis samefos damatebiTi Rirebulebis gadasaxadis (dRg) Sesaxeb, Export Helpdesk-is seqciidan moTxovnebi da gadasaxa debi (Requirements and Taxes) SegviZlia miviRoT. zogadi moTxovnebi evrokavSiris bazarze Txilis, dafnis foTlisa da mwvanilis importze erTnairi zogadi moTxovnebia. evrokavSiris bazarze am saxeobis produqtebis importisas, sabaJo procedurebis gasavlelad, maT Tan unda axldes Semdegi dokumentebi: komerciuli angariS-faqtura warmoadgens dasturs, importiorsa da eqsportiors Soris garigebis Sedgomis Sesaxeb. xsenebuli dokumenti unda Seicavdes Semdeg informacias: importioris da eqsportioris dasaxeleba da misamarTi, dokumentis Sedgenis TariRi da nomeri, saqonlis aRwera (dasaxeleba, xarisxi da sxv.), sazomi erTeuli, saqonlis raodenoba, saqonlis erTeulis Rirebuleba, saqonlis mTliani Rirebuleba, angariS-faqturis jamuri Rirebuleba da valuta, romelSic xdeba angariSgeba, gadaxdis pirobebi (forma, vada, fasdakleba da sxv.), miwodebis pirobebi da tranportirebis forma; safraxto (satransporto) dokumentis saxeoba damokidebulia gamoye-

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nebul satransporto saSualebebze. gamoyenebuli satransporto saSualebebis Sesabamisad, tvirTs Tan unda axldes: P konosamenti. es dokumenti tvirTs unda axldes sazRvao gadazidvisas; P konosamenti FIATA. es dokumenti tvirTs unda axldes Sereuli gadazidvisas. xsenebuli dokumenti SemuSavebuli iqna gadamzidavTa asociaciebis saerTaSoriso federaciis (FIATA) mier; P saavtomobilisatransporto zeddebuli (CMR). es dokumenti tvirTs unda axldes sagzao gadazidvisas; P saaviaciosatransporto zeddebuli (AWB). es dokumenti tvirTs unda axldes sahaero gadazidvisas; P sarkinigzosatransporto zeddebuli (CIM). es dokumenti tvirTs unda axldes sarkinigzo gadazidvisas; P ATA karneti. es saerTaSoriso sabaJo dokumenti gamoiyeneba evrokavSiris teritoriaze saqonlis droebiT Setanisas, sabaJo gadasaxadebisa da mosakreblebisgan gaTavisuflebis mizniT. ATA karneti SeiZleba gaices iseTi kategoriis tvirTebze, rogoricaa, magaliTad: komerciuli nimuSebi, sagamofeno da saprezentacio daniSnulebis saqoneli da sxv.; P TIR karneti. es sabaJo satranzito dokumenti gamoiyeneba tvirTis saerTaSoriso gadazidvisas, romlis nawili sagzao gadazidvis saxiT xorcieldeba. TIR karneti tvirTis TIR proceduriT transportirebis saSualebas iZleva. TIR sistemis moTxovniT, tvirTi usafrTxo satransporto saSualebebiT an konteinerebiT unda iqnas gadaziduli; yvela sabaJo gadasaxadi an mosakrebeli, ro

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