ოზონის შრე და მისი დაცვა...
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Transcript of ოზონის შრე და მისი დაცვა...
ozonis warmoqmna
O O
Jangbadi (O2) ozoni (O3)
UV
ozonis Sre STanTqavs ultraiisfer gamosxivebas
UV-B
ozonis Sre
dedamiwa
15 km
60 km
ultraiisferi radiaciis gazrdiT gamowveuli movlenebi
• kanis kiboTi daavadebis riskis zrda
• Tvalis kataraqtiT daavadebis riskis zrda
• imuno sistemis daqveiTeba
• mosavlianobis Semcireba
• fitopalnqtonis zrdis Seferxeba
qfn-sgan qloris atomis gamoTavisufleba ultraiisferi gamosxivebiT
F
C
F Cl
Cl
CF2Cl2
CFC - 12
Cl
Cl
F
C
F Cl
CF2Cl
UV
ozonis daSla Tavisufali qloris atomiT
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
++ Cl O
ClOO
O
O
O
O3
ozoni
O O
O2
Jangbadis molekula
O O
O2
Jangbadis molekula
O
O
Jangbadis atomiqloris monoqsidi
ZiriTadi ozondamSlelebi
• stratosferuli qloris / bromis warmoqmnis wyaroebi:
- aerozolebi- qafebi- macivaragentebi- gamxsnelebi- halonebi- sxva
ozonis xvreli
oqtomberi2013 weli
ozonis xvreli wlebis mixedviT
monrealis oqmiT kontrolirebadi ozondamSleli nivTierebebi
nivTierebajgufidanarTi
kope
nhag
enis
cv
lileb
a C
E
II
I
HCFC
meTilbromidi
lond
onis
cv
lileb
a
BI
IIIII
C I HCFC
naxSirbad tetraqloridimeTilqloroformi
CFCs: CFC-13, CFC-111, CFC-112, CFC-211-217
halonebi: haloni-1211, haloni-1301, haloni-2402m
onre
alis
oq
mi A
I
II
srulad haloidirebuliCFCs:CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, CFC-114, CFC-115
ozonis DdaSlis potenciali (odp) od
p
GglobaluriDdaTbobis potenciali (gdp)gd
p
monrealis oqmis farglebSi odn-ebis moxmarebis Semcirebis etapobrivi ganrigi
m o n r e a l i s o q m i
sabaziso done odn-ebis xmarebidan amoRebis ganrigi
A I (xuTi ZiriTadi qfn)1995 -1997 mox. saS.
mniSvneloba
07, 1999 gayinva2005 -50% 2010 -100%2007 -75%
A II (halonebi)1995 - 1997 mox. saS.
mniSvneloba2002 gayinva 2005 -50% 2010 -100%
C (hqfn)2009 – 2010 mox. saS.
mniSvneloba
2013 gayinva 2015 -10% 2025 -67,5%2020 -35% 2030 -100%
E (meTilbromidi)1998-2000 mox. saS.
mniSvneloba
2003 gayinva 2005 -30% 2015 -100% 2010 -70%
odn-ebis moxmareba saqarTveloSi
• qlorfTornaxSirbadi: freon-12 – CF2Cl2 (CFC-12)• halonebi:
halon-1211 _ CF2BrClhalon-1301 – CF3Brhalon-2402 – C2F4Br2
• qlorfTornaxSirwyalbadebi:
HCFC-22 _ CHFCl2
HCFC-142b _ C2H3F2Cl
• meTilbromidi _ MB - CH3Br
ozondamSlel nivTierebaTa moxmareba saqarTveloSi (მეტრული ტონა)
ozondamSlel nivTierebaTa moxmareba saqarTveloSi (ოდპ ტონა)
monrealis oqmis farglebSi nakisri ZiriTadi valdebulebani
1. ozonis jgufis Seqmna2. sakanonmdeblo bazis Seqmna3. ozondamSleli nivTierebebis importze efeqturimonitoringis sistemis Seqmna4. gamoyenebuli qfn-is mogrovebis da reciklirebissistema5. samacivro teqnikaSi Tanamedrove praqtikis gamoyeneba6. alternatiul teqnologiebze gadasvlis xelSewyoba adgilobrivi warmoebebisaTvis 7. mosaxleobis cnobierebis amaRleba
“ozonis jgufi” da sakvanZo organizaciebi
ozonis jgufi
saqarTvelos memacivreTa
asociacia
samoqalaqo sazogadoeb
a soflad
ganmaxorcielebeli saagentoebi-UNEP, UNDP, UNIDO
saqarTvelos garemos dacvis
saministro
ozonis samdivno nairobSi
mravalmxrivi fondis samdivno
Sps “inic jorjia”
sxva samTavrobo
da arasamTavrob
o organizaciebi
gamsxnelebis seqtori
qmedebebi valdebulebaTa Sesasruleblad
gadamzadda sabaJos TanamSromlebi da aseve saqarTvelos sabaJo akademiis warmomadgenlebi _ sul 185 specialisti; Seiqmna odn-ebis reciklirebis ori specializirebuli centri (Tbilisisa da quTaisSi);
sul gadamzadeba gaira 500 teqnikosma saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionidan;
programis farglebSi 20-mde sawarmom miiRo daxmareba;
sapiloto programis farglebSi sam sademonstracio saTburSi meTilbromidis alternatiuli nivTierebebis da meTodebis cdebis Catareba (arCeul iqna Tbilisi, agara da quTaisi)
mosaxleobis cnobierebis amaRlebis komponenti
Jurnal-gazeTebSi gamoqveynebuli statiebi; animaciuri filmi (Seqmnili bavSvebis
naxatebiT); sareklamo klipi (meTilbromidis, rogorc
garemosaTvis saxifaTo nivTierebis Sesaxeb); satelevizio programebi: "wonasworoba“,
"niamori“ da satelevizio gadmocemebi samuSao seminarebis Sesaxeb;
qalaqis centrSi ganTavsebuli sareklamo farebi;
internet-gverdi (http://www.ozone.ge), romelic aSuqebs “ozonis erovnuli jgufis” qmedebebs;
teqnikuri literatura (Tema: ozonis Sris dacva, atmosferuli haeri, sabaJo sfero, samacivro teqnika da soflis meurneoba)
ultraiisferi gamosxivebisgan damcavi saSualebebi
