Industrialization and the Gilded Age of Politics

I. Industrialization

1. Industrialization

2. Urbanization

3. Immigration

II. Technology

1. Edison

2. Ford

Technology (cont’d)

3. Other inventions1. Refrigeration

III. Labor

1. Work like robots.

2. Employers take control

3. Women and kids

4. Unsafe

5. No benefits

6. Strikes!—Great RR Strike of 1877

IV. Unions

1. Better pay, conditions, hours

2. Knights of Labor1. Blacks

2. Immigrants

3. Women

4. Skilled/Unskilled

3. Too general

Unions (cont’d)

4. Haymarket Riot 1886

5. American Federation

of Labor (AFL)

6. Skilled; org. by craft

7. No women, blacks,

Immigrants, unskilled

V. Women, Blacks, Immigrants

1. Women’s Trade Union League

2. Knights of Laboronly all inclusive union

VI. Corporate Giants

1. Supreme Court defends corporations as “citizens”!!

2. John D. Rockefeller

3. Horizontal Integration—One aspect of production

4. Monopoly

Corporate Giants (cont’d)

5. Andrew Carnegie

6. Vertical Integration—all aspects of an industry

7. U.S. Steel Corp.

8. JP Morgan

9. Financed such corporations

VII. Social Views

1. Darwin’s theory of “natural selection” is applied to humansSocial Darwinism

2. Survival of the fittest

3. Competition is good!

4. Wealthy used this as justification for their wealth

Social Views (cont’d)

5. Gospel of Wealth—Andrew Carnegie

6. Pursuit of wealth like a religion

7. Wealth means responsibility to give to the poor.

8. Money/Wealth is how success was measured

9. Many disagreed, of course

Social Views (cont’d)

10. Poor were viewed negatively

11. “You get what you deserve!”

VIII. Increase in Standard of Living

1. Mass goods

2. Mass ads

3. Luxury items

4. Rising incomesstatus symbols

Increase in Standard of Living (cont’d)

5. More Leisure Time!

The Great

Frysinger

Team

1900-1901

Vaudville

Forerunner to film

Yellow

Journalism

IX. Urbanization

1. 1880—U.S. Urban2. Many moved to citybetter life

opportunity3. Natural

resources+RR+Industrialization=Urban growth

4. Suburbsfor the wealthy5. Indoor plumbing, street lights, sewers,

etc.

Urbanization (cont’d)

6. Inner cities= slums

7. Dumbbell Tenements

8. Cheap brick

9. 4-6 stories

10.Very small

11.No water, no RR

12. RR in basement for whole building!!