WATUR

ENERGY HARVESTING FROM WATER TURBINE

IN WATER PIPING SYSTEM

BC Chew, ST Tan, Syaiful Rizal Hamid

WATUR INTRODUCTIONEnergy Harvesting

Water piping system embedded

Sustainable and Renewable Energy

WATUR

PROBLEM STATEMENT

High Energy Bills Trend of Renewable Energy

WATUROBJECTIVES

To investigate the technical criteria of the water piping system for a building.

To design the energy harvesting system from the water piping system embedded in a building.

The Initial Idea • The idea of WATUR (water turbine) comes

from the ancient water turbine installed beside the river to harvest energy from the constant water flow.

WATUR

The Science Behind WATUR

-Hydraulic

WATUR

Volume of liquid column, V = AhMass of liquid column, m = pV= AhpWeight of liquid column, W =mg =AhpgThe force acting on the surface area A is theweight of the liquid column above it.Pressure, P = Weight of liquid columnArea of base of liquid column= W = AhpgA A

P =hpg 

                                                                                                                                                                                                        

The formula for the pressure at a depth, h in the water

Volume of liquid column, V = AhMass of liquid column, m = pV = Ahp Weight of liquid column, W = mg =AhpgThe force acting on the surface area A is the weight of the liquid column above it.

Pressure, = Weight of liquid column Area of base of liquid column

P = hpg

Understanding Formula for Water Pressure in a Tank

h

A

P Liquid density, p

Uniformcolumn

A = area of baseh = height g = gravitational field strengthp= density of liquid

The Calculation

Based on the normal water tank size for Malaysian Standard http://www.bnhmanufacturer.com/water_storage_tank_malaysia.htmlThe ranges of height are 0.53m to 1.65m, therefore the water pressure is also ranged between 5.3KPa to 16.5KPa

WATUR

Why do we tap the vertical pipes?• Vertical pipe: The water flowing down the

conduit completely fills the conduit due to natural gravitation force.

• Horizontal pipe: The water does not fill the conduit , the flow is called channel flow. Since channel is not filled, no pressure differential between ends of pipes unless there is a mechanical forces placed in (pump).

WATUR

Classification of Flow

Reynolds (1912)

Re = ρvD µ

-density is ρ , -diameter of pipe is D , -fluid velocity is v -viscosity is µ .

-Laminar Re <2000-Transitional 2000<Re<4000-Turbulent Re>4000

The turbulent flow has a fluctuating v about some mean value. The flow rate is largest.

WATUR

As a resultThe pressure from the water tank P = hpgWith F=mg (where a=g)P = F/AP = mg/Aand A (area) is constant, while g is gravity flow with viscosity is 1.002(Pa s, N s/m2) x 10-3

the viscous shear stress acting along the surface cylinder viscous shear stress acting along the τ = τ(r) surface cylinder is minimal in vertical pipe. Therefore the force generated is based on natural water pressure kept within the water tank.

WATUR

Use the Bernoulli's equation of energy:P/ρ + V²/2 + g*z = constant

P = pressure in Paρ = water's density = 1000 kg/m³V = velocity in section m/sg = 9.81 m/s² (gravity acceleration)z = height of the section from selected plane origin (we can choose the ground)

FLOW RATESince the volume flow rate Q is constant and it is: Q = V*A with A = section area (m²) and V = velocity m/s so... Q is in m³/s.

WATUR

Now we have the area A1 = 1.2 cm² and Q1 = 60 cm³/s so V1 = Q1/A1 = 50 cm/s = 0.5 m/s.The pressure is P1 = 5.3 kPa = 5300 Pa.

The energy is E1 = P1/ρ + V1²/2 + g*z1 with z1 the height from the ground (which varied according to the location we want to have WATUR installed)

WATUR

Hence, the external parameters which WATUR cannot control as derived from E1 = P1/ρ + V1²/2 + g*z11. Depth of the water tank2. Velocity of the water flow, which also

equivalent to the volume flow, QYet, we can control the z1, the height of WATUR from the ground

WATUR

Our ProductWATUR

WATURNOVELTY & INVENTIVENESS

World first innovative idea crystallized after we found the “hidden energy source” that runs

constantly in any building (homes, commercials, industrials) water piping system.

An independent external energy harvesting system.

It tapes the natural gravitation of water flow and the water pressure to harvest the energy and produce

electricity.

WATUR BENEFITSFlexible: Could be installed at any parts within the water

piping system of any building to be used at washroom, kitchen and pantries.

Cost Effective: Installation without major modification on the existing piping system, it is not an expensive device and it

helps to reduce electricity bills.

Renewable: Powered by the water flow and water pressure in order to generate electricity.

Sustainable: Power generated as long as the water flow within the piping system. It helps to increase energy

efficiency.

Green: Zero carbon emission and no waste. A step closer to green the buildings.

WATURPOTENTIAL FOR

COMMERCIALIZATION Can be used at all types of building – as long

as the building has a water piping system which is functioning.

Kinetic energy from induction from Coils and wires.

With all the benefits stated.

The Competitor Analysis• 2011, LUCID ENERGY from the USA has

patented an industrial liquid turbine.

WATUR

The Competitor AnalysisWATUR

Strengths Weaknesses

Due to industrial liquid/municipal water distribution, the turbine is large in size, powerful to generate reliable electricity for massive usage.

Large turbine, only suitable to be used at industrial scale.

The energy generated is to power the devices used for liquid and water distribution.

The piping layout is horizontal which taps the mechanical force (generated by pump) to power the liquid flow. Therefore the energy efficiency is still questionable.

Thank you

WATUR