U.S. History

Chapter 15: New Movements in America

Section 4: The Movement to End Slavery

Abolition

•Abolition—an immediate end to slavery

•Emancipation—freedom from slavery

•Abolitionists vocal minority

Abolition

•Disagreements among abolitionists

•Colonization

Abolition

American Colonization Society—society the organized in 1817 that established the colony of Liberia in West Africa as a home for free African Americans

Spreading the Abolitionist Message

•The Liberator--antislavery newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison

The Liberator

Spreading the Abolitionist Message

• William Lloyd Garrison: controversial & outspoken leader of the antislavery movement; publisher of The Liberator

William Lloyd Garrison

Spreading the Abolitionist Message

• American Anti-Slavery Society—group founded by Garrison that wanted immediate emancipation & racial equality for African Americans

1837 broadside published by the American Anti-Slavery Society

Spreading the Abolitionist Message

Angelina & Sarah Grimke: two white southern women who became well-known

anti-slavery activists in the 1830s

Angelina Grimke Sarah Grimke

African Americans Fight against Slavery

• Frederick Douglass: ex-slave who published The North Star and became one of the most important African American leaders of the 1800s

Frederick Douglass

African Americans Fight against Slavery

• Sojourner Truth

• Harriet Jacobs

• William Wells Brown

Sojourner Truth

The Underground Railroad

•Underground Railroad—network of people who helped fugitive slaves

The Underground Railroad

• “Railroad”

• “Stations”

• “Conductors”

• Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman

Opposition to Abolition

•Many whites did not believe in equal treatment

•Take jobs from white workers

•Violence against abolitionists

Opposition to Abolition

•Congressional Gag Rule (1836-44)

•Vital to Southern economy

•Slavery “protected” African Americans