Tx history-ch-15.3
Transcript of Tx history-ch-15.3
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Chapter 15: Texas Joins the UnionSection 3: Political and Economic Issues
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Bellwork
What political parties can you name?
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Political Parties
•Political Party—groups of people who help elect government officials and influence government policies
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Political Parties
•Republican Party
•Democratic Party
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Political Parties
•Political parties did not exist in the Republic of Texas
•Texans join political parties organized in the U.S.
•Two-party system
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Political Parties• Democratic Party
– 1840s-50s: most popular political party in Texas
– Represented small business owners & farmers
– Most supported annexation
Donkey: Symbol of the Democratic Party
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Political Parties
•Whig Party
–Favored banking and large business
–Against annexation of Texas
–Divided over slavery
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Political Parties
• Republican Party
– Formed by northern Whigs
– Keep slavery out of territories
– Little supportElephant: Symbol of the Republican Party
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Political Parties
•Know-Nothings
–Proslavery
–Anti-Catholic
–Anti-immigrant
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Early Governors of Texas
• James Pinckney Henderson
– First governor of Texas
– Led troops in war against Mexico
James Pinckney Henderson
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Early Governors of Texas
• George T. Wood
– Elected 1847
– Frontier defense and border disputes
– Defeated in re-election bid George T. Wood
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Early Governors of Texas
• Peter H. Bell
– Border disputes
– Re-elected in 1851
– Resigned before end of term
Peter Hansborough Bell
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Early Governors of Texas
• J.W. Henderson
–Lt. Gov. under Bell
–Served as governor for 28 days James W. Henderson
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Early Governors of Texas
• Elisha M. Pease
– Popular governor first elected in 1853, who was a leader in education and helped eliminate state debt
– Re-elected 1855Elisha M. Pease
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Early Governors of Texas
• Hardin Runnels
– Elected 1855
– Defeated Sam Houston for governor in only election Houston ever lost
Hardin Runnels
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Early Governors of Texas
• Sam Houston
– Elected 1859
– Served as army commander, president, senator, and governor
Sam Houston
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Debts & Land Issues
• Governors responsible for paying debt and developing land policy
• 1845: Republic’s debt $10 million
• Annexation resolution: Texas responsible for debt
• 1850: Debt at $12 million
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Debts & Land Issues
• Texas gave up million of acres of land in what are now five other states in exchange for money to reduce its debt.
• Debt paid off by 1855
• Texas still had million of acres of land
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Debts & Land Issues
•Gave land to settlers
•Set aside for education and improvements
•By 1898 there were no unclaimed public lands left in Texas.