Snake Bite intro
-
Upload
abhishek-kumar-mishra -
Category
Documents
-
view
240 -
download
0
Transcript of Snake Bite intro
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
1/17
Abhishek Kr Mishra
090201577(209)
1. Epidemiology
2. Indian venomoussnakes
3. Snake Venom
4. Poisonous Vs. Non -
poisonous Snakes.
5. Positive identificationsand diagnosis.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
2/17
world wide > 5 million bites annually ofwhich 2 lakh are reported in India .
> 1,25,000 deaths by venomous snakes ofwhich 15,000 to 20,000 deaths in India.
Males: females = 2:1
Majority of bites (40%): lower limbs.
50% of bites by venomous snakes are dry
bites. That result in negligible envenomation.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
3/17
In India, 240 species of snakes are present of which 52 are
poisonous.
Northern India : Elapids are common
most bites are by cobra, krait. Southern India : Vipers, King Cobra : Agumbe Rainforest
Research station.
Class Common in India Venom
Elapidae Cobra, Kraits Neurotoxic
viperidae Russells viper, sawscaled viper,Pit viper
Haemotoxic
Hydrophidae Sea Snakes Myotoxic
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
4/17
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
5/17
INDIAN COBRA COMMON KRAIT
Fatal period 8 h Fatal period :18 h
Flaccid paralysis and local necrosis.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
6/17
Saw Scaled Viper Russels ViperFatal period : 3 days Fatal period : 5 days
Coagulaopthy, shock, renal damage, cardiotoxicity,local necrosis.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
7/17
Toxic saliva secreted by modified parotid salivaryglands of venomous snakes.
Cocktail of enzymes, low molecular wt.polypeptides, glycoprotein's and metal ions.
Acidic & Water soluble. On drying gives fine needle like crystals.
Lethal Dose: Cobra 0.12 g, Krait-0.06 g, Russell'sViper-0.15 g.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
8/17
Component Action/effectHyaluronidase Local tissue
destruction
Phospholipase A2 Myotoxic
Cardiotoxic
Neurotoxic
Increases vascularpermeability
Proteases haemolysis
Alpha/BetaBungarotoxin
Cobrotoxin
Post synapticinhibition
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
9/17
Poisonous Vs. Non poisonous
Usuallystout & dullcolored.
Head usuallytriangularin shape.
Head scales : small
Belly scales arebroad.
Tail : flattened orrounded
Usuallyslender andbrightly colored.
Head usually rounded oroval.
Head scales usuallylarge.
Belly scales are small.
Tail : Usually rounded.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
10/17
Poisonous Non poisonous
Fangs : A pair ofhollowfangs like hypodermicneedles.
Multiple Short and solidteeth present.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
11/17
Large scales on head.
Hood with a spectacle or monocle mark 3rd supralabial shield touches eye and nose
shield.
Relatively small and grooved fangs.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
12/17
Bands on the back. Central row of scales
on back.
Scales on undersurfaceof tails.
4th infralabial scales is
largest of all infralabials.
Relatively small fangs.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
13/17
Triangular head with small scales.
V mark on the head with apex pointing forwards. 3rows of diamond shaped patches on the back
Relatively channelized long fangs.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
14/17
Triangular head with
small scales White arrow mark on the
head.
Wavy line on each flank.
Scales of body serrated. Relatively channelized
long fangs.
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
15/17
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
16/17
Usually dull colored (Brown, Black, Grey) Stout body with abruptly compressed and
tapering tail Broad belly scales extending entire width of
belly Small scales on triangular head. Pit between eye and nostril. Presence of hood with or without markings Presence of fangs
-
7/30/2019 Snake Bite intro
17/17