PrastanaTraya

8/11/2019 PrastanaTraya

1/55

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8/55

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10/55

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11/55

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a a a a a b a b a , a b a a a (3.10, 11). B a a a a b a a a . A a a a a a b a a b a a a ( 4.25 30).

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(2.47).


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19

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b a a a a a aa (4.1 4). I a a a b a ab .

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ab , a a .

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a a a a Sa . I A a a V a a ,a a a ( A.D. 788 820) . I a , a a a . R a (A.D. 1017 1137), Ma a ( A.D. 1197 1276), N b a (12 A.D. ) a Va ab a ( A.D. 14731531) a a a a a a . a a (A.D. 1200), V a D a ( A.D. 1268 1370) a Ja a a (13 . A.D. ) a

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a 2400 B. C. (Ha ) 1200 B. C. (Ma M ). M E a a a 700B.C. 600 B. C. U a a a a a a a a

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b a a . H , b a a , a a , a a a B a a ?

A , a a a a a !

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T b a b a `U a a ' a a a ab a 200.T a 108 U a a . a a a ( A. D. 788 820), a a ,a U a a . H a a

. R a ( A. D. 1017 1137) a , a , . C b a a a a a a ( a ab a ) a:

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.

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) Va a a U a a) Y a U a a) Sa a U a a

T V a U a a b a a a U a a a a a a a . T a a, a a Va a a U a a a

a, D a V . T Y a U a a a a ab Ha a a a R a aba Pa a a a . T Sa a U a a a

a , a a a .

S C

B , a U a a a , a a . Ta a a a . Ma , b a a a Sa a B aa , a b , a a , b a, a a .H b a , , a , aa a a ab a . a a a a a . Hb a a , a b a a (13 ) a

a ab b U a a .

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b a a U a a . Ma a ( A. D. 1197 1276) a b a a a U a a R a a T a ( A. D. 1595 1671) a

.

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U a a . R a a T a a , , , , a Ma a' a . A a , U a a B a a Y a, a

a ab b U a a .

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T U a a , a a , a a a B aa a a a a . H , a a a a a a

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a a a `B a a .'

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I a a ? I ? I a B a a ?T U a a , a a b a a . D


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. H , V a .

D b a a , a a , a U a a .I a ' a a a a b a a a a a

a a a a a .

A b a a a b .

BRAHMAN

T ba a , a a a , a `B a a ' b U a a . a , Sa , A a a. a a B a a a B a a . T , b a ba . H , a . H a a a , a a a a a S a . H a a a , a a . H b a a a a . H a a b a a . H , a a

a a a . H a a a . I a a aa a . H a a a .

T a a a , U a a b a aP a ( b a ), b a b a , , aa b a b a b . F a , a a , a a a , V a a a a . S a b a a aa , a a a , b . T a A a a a P a ( Bb U a a ).

A MAN

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a ? S b a U a a a ab a , S , a ab b b a b .

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a a . A a b , a b , . T a , , a a .

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a a a ` a a,' ab a a .F , a a a a a b a ,

a , U a a a a a a a , b .

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b a a . A , a b a b a,

a , b a , a a . Ka a a a b a a a.

CREA ION

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b a . F a a a a . A , a a a a a . H , a ab , a b , a a a .

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( a ), (a ), a a ( ), a ( a ) a ( a ).

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a a a a .

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N a a a a a a a B a a a .

BONDAGE AND LIBERA ION

S U a a a a Pa a a ( S S ,B a a a ) a b a ( b ). T

a ( a a) a b a a . T a a a , a a ,

. W a a a Pa a a , b a a .


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27

T , a b a a, a ba b U a a , a a a a

b a a a a .

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a a a a T a . H b

a a ( a a ) a a ( ). B a b a , ba , , a , a a , a a .

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a . S U a a , a a bb a a a a ba a a a ab a a .

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.

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a a a . B , ab a , . H a aa b a a a , a

b . H a a b . W a , a , a , B a a .

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a U a aa) B a a a (a a Sa a a) a a a a b . T a a a , a , a ,

b , , a , , a . A a a a a a . F a a , , a `a a a a,' a a ( )

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b a a ? M U a a a a a aa . T (8.5.3) b a a , a , a a a A a a a. T a a a

a A a a a.S a a a a, a a a a A a , a a a

a a . T (1. 3, 4 a 5) a a a V a , (I a a P a a ), a

a V a aa a a b a A a a . F a b a a a . T a a a a B a a

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ESCHA OLOG

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. S , b a D a ( a ) (a a Da a a)

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b .

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a a a .ID S OR PSANS

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30/55

30

C C A

G a a U a a b a a a a a U a a .

T G a (A a a ) , a a Ma a (Sa ), K (D ), K a a (P ab), P a (Ba , Ka a U a P a ),

K a a (A a U a P a ), V a (T B a ), Ka b (K a , U a P a ) a

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a ' a .

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a b a .

L G

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B a a a a b a a b aa a a (1.1.7). I a a V a a a a a ab

b a (1.2.7). R a a b a a a B a a (3.2.8). T ab a :


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T V a a B a a a b (2.4.10). J a a a , a a b Pa a a (2.5.15).

T a a a a a a a b a (4.3.18). W , a a b b

a a a a a a b a , b a (4.4.3). A b a a b a a a (4.4.7). T ab

a a a a b a a a a a , b a ,a (4.3.35).

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S

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a(1.12); J a a a Ra a (4.1 3); Sa a aJb a a a H a a (4.4 9); Sa a a a U a a a (4.10 15); a b , b a Ga a a a P a aaJa a (5.3 10); Sa a a a N a a (7.1 26); I a a V a a a a P a a

a (8.7 12).

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A aa (2.1); Ma a ba Y a a a (2.4 a 4.5); Ja a a a a a Y a a a ( a 3 a 4).

S

W a a b a U a a . S Y a a a a

a a a . O Ga a a a a . A a a a a a . Sa b a b b

a b b a a a a a .

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A a , B , G , G a a a, H a a, Ma a A a a, N a a, P a a,Ra a, Sa a a, a, Sa a a Jb a, U a a , V a a a Va a.

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b , a .


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A R P

A b a a a a U a a a b . F a a a , a b a a E a ab a .T a V a b , b a , a a a a b a a a b a .

A ( ; 4 a ; 6 ; 33 a a )

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a a . T a .

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a V a a b a .

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a a a a a .

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b a . T a a , a a a a a a a a . R a

a a a B a a , S .

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a ba a a, ba . E a a a , b

a , a a . O a a a , aB a a , a b , a a a. T a a , b aa a , a a

a , a a a a .

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H a a a a a b a a a a b bab .

H a ab a a , b a a a a , a b S .

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C ( ; 8 a ; 154 ; 628 a a )

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) a a a ab B a a a a a .T a a , a a a

. M a B a a G a a a a .

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a b b ' a a a a. T a Ma a

A a a a a a .

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a a ab b a . I a b a .

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T a , b a , a . F a a a a a a ' , U a a


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ab a b b . S a a a a , a a a a . B

a , a Sa ( T ). T Sa b a .T a a a . Sa a a a . a a S a a a a . Ha a a a a a a Sa .

T a a a b Sa a a a

N a a. T N a a a a a a a , a a a a . Sa a a a b a a , a B a B a a .

T a a a , a S a a a . Ma a a a P a a I a,

, ab a , S . T U a a a a b a ab b a a a a

B a a .

( ; 18 )

T a a U a a , a a a a a a a a . S a a , a a a b a a a b , a b a ,

a a .

I a a a b a G . I a a a a a ' a a a b a , ., a . A b a a , a a aa a a a , a a . I

a a a ba a b a ( a ) a a ( a a,a b a a ) a a a b ( a

B a a ) a a a b ( b ). T a a b a Pa a a a a a G b a a a .

J ( ; 6 a ; 6 a a )

T a a U a a . A a a a a . A V a ( a a a ) a a a b

b a V a a U a a . T a a a a a a a a .

T b a a a ( ) b Y a a a a b Ja a a. I a a . I a

b a a a a a Sa a a a, ,b , Jaa b a a a, Da a a .


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K ( ; 2 a ,; 24 a a )

T a a a b a a a a ( )a a B a ( a ). I a a a a B a a . S a a B a a ' a , a a a a , a . T a a b

a bb a a ( ), a a Va . T b a B a a (a

U a a ) a a a a a B a a a a b a a .

K ( ; 6 a ; 119 a a )

A a , a a ab a . Ia a V a a a a a . S a a

a a b b a a a , Na a , , a a a a. V a a a a , a a a ,

, `I D a !' Na a a Ya a, a .F ab , a a a , a , a .W Ya a , a a a

a .O b a Na a a a , b

Na a a a S . A b a a , Ya a a a a .

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R a a a a . T a a , S a , b b a , a b a b a

. S a , a a G , aa a a . Ya a b a a a a a ,

a b b . J a a a a a b a a a a , a a a ab V

b a a a b a .

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a .Ya a a a a a b , a a , b

a a a . H a a a , B a a

b a a . I a b a a a , a B a a .

C a a a b a a a a a a ab B a a , a a a a a Pa a a b a ( b ) a a a a U a a .


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K ( ; 4 a ; 51 a a )

A a , a a U a a a .

T a a a D a a a P a. T aa a B a , b A a

D a a, b a B a a a (S a 64 & 65).T a a a a , a a aB a a . T a a b b a ` a a a,'

a ` a '.

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K ( ; 4 a ; 35 a a )

A a , a a b ` a' (`b a '). T a a a .

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a b , b , a . W a a , a b a .

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I a a b a a a a a a a B a a a a .

B a a a a a a a a (a ) a a a aa . T U Ha a a ( a B a a ) a

a a I a, a .

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M ( ; 80 ; 259 a a )

T a U a a : a . T a a a a a .

T a a a ab : a , b .


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37

T U a a b a a a b , a aa a a a . T a a a a

. Ea b a . I a a a V ., a a ( a ), a ( ) a a ( a ).

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.

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a a a a a a a a a a .

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.

A b a C P b , a a a a a a a a b a a a B a a a aa a a b U a a .

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C 12 a a a a U a a a a a aa a (O), a a B a a . P aa a b b a, B a a . T a b a a a a ab b U a a a a a , ., a ( a

a ), a a ( a a ) a ( a ) a B a a , C T a , a a a , a a . H a a T a ( F , b

a b ). I b b a a a (b) a a a aa (b a a ). H a a b . M a

aa a (O), a a a , a a a .

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M ( ; 3 a ; 6 ; 64 a a )

T ` a' a a a a . T U a a a a a a a a a a a a

a a . O , b a a a a a a a .

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V a a a a , !T a A a a B a a a a .

T V a a a a a , U a a a a a a a a a a

a , a a a a a a a b a a B a a . T a B a a aa a (O)

b a b a a . T a a

a B a a , b a aa b ' a b .

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a Pa a a , b a a a a .

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a a a .

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U a a .

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a P a a . A a a a a a a a , . T a

b P a a a b .

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b a a (S a a ) a a (A a S ). T a a a : U a aa ( N Pa ) a Da a a ( S Pa ).

T b a a ( a ) a b a a .

T a a a a Pa a a a C P (G ). H b . A a , a ( a a) a a (aab a a ) a a , a

a b , a a.


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39

T a a a a b . I a a , a Pa a a S S .

T a a aa a (O) a b a . H a a a a B a a a.

T a , , a aa a a a, a '. H a . W a a , a b

a .

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Pa a a .

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a a a a a . T a a (B a a ) a b

a V a a a a , a a a a a a.

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a a a Pa a a a b a a a a a a a U a a .

( ; 3 a ; 31 a a )

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, ba .T a a . T b

a a b a a a a ( a b a ) a a a .


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40

M a B a a , b ., a . T a a a a V a

ab a .

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C

T U a a a V a . T a a a a I a P a a . T V a

a a . T a a a a a , aa I a a ,

U a a . A , a ba ( a a ), b a .

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B

H ( b a ) a a b a B a a .

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(B a a ) b a (I ) b .

B a B a a ( U a a ), (I ) b b .

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P S

T a a I a a a a a a a . T a a a , a a a , a a , b a a a . A a a

a , a ab .

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.

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a a a , a a a a B a a (G , Ab ) a a a U a a .

P

T V a , a a , a U a a a (a a = ) V a a a a (a a = ) a .

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a . I a a a B a aa a a a .

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T a a a a B a a (G , Ab )a b U a a , a a . I a b a a :

(a) T , b a a V a U a a ;

(b) T , a a a b a ;

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43

B , A

N ab B a aa, a b a . T a a V a, a a a . T a a

500 B.C. 200 B.C. b I a a W a . H , a a b a a B a aa A.D. 200.

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a a .

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), ab a ( ), a a ( ), a a ( b ), a a a ( ) a a a( a ).

T a , B a a a a a B a a a T , , b a , a a a a . T a

a B a a a a a , a a a( a B a a / a ) V a U a a . T B a a a b b a b a a

a . S a b a B a a , a , b , a a .


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T a a U a a a a ba B a a a .

S a a a a a , B a aa a a ab a a a a . W

, a a a U a a . W a U a a , a , B a aa a a ? T a a a a . F a a b a a a a , a a a .

I 31 a a aa (a a a a) a a a a a a a a ( b a ) a U a a , b

a a :

C a (14), B a a a a (5), Ka a (4), Ta a (2), M a a (3), P a a(1) a Ka a (2).

A a , a a a a, A a a a Jb a U a aa a b .

W a a a a a U a a , B a aa a a a . T a : a, a a a, A , K a , Ka a,

Ja a B a . A a a a a a a a a a a a . I a B a aa a Ja a b

a . T , a , bab b a a V , a a U a a a a a a B a a

a .

A B S

T a b a a :

FIRS CHAP ER

T F a 134 a 39 a a aa a b a Sa a a a, a a ( a a a a = a ) a a

U a a .

T a a a a b a a (`N , , B a a '). S B a a , a a

a a , a a a a B a a . K , a a a a U a a B a a .

B a a a , a a a a . T B a a

U a a .I B a a a a a a a a a a

S a a , . A a a a a .


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. T a a a a a a b b ab B a a , B Ab .

A a S a , Va a , B , Ja a , P a a a B a a a P a a a a b a a a

.

HIRD CHAP ER

T a a a , 186 a a 67a a aa . T a , a . T a : a a a

b , a a a, a a b a a G , a a U a a a a a a ,a a b U a a , a

B a a a a a a , a a a a a a b a a a ( a b a a a a a a) a a a a

( a ) a .

FO R H CHAP ER

K a a 78 a a 38 a a aa . Ta a a a B a a a b `A a' `D a a', a .

O a b a a a a aa ( b a a /B a a ) a a a a . T a a a b U a a a a a a a. O a a

b a a a B a a , a a a a ( a a a a a ) . a a, a a a a a , . T ab a a a,

a a a a a a a b a a b a b .

T a a a a a a (a ), a (a ) a b a a a a ( ba ), a a a B a a a , a a , b a a a , a , b a , a a

B a a a . T a a ` a ' a a a a B a a a.

A a a A a a b a a a .

T a a , , a a , (`T

, a .') a a a a B a a a a . D a a a, b a , a a a a a . T Ja , A a B a a a a b .


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P B

B a aa a a U a a a . H , a a a , b a b

a a a a . E , a b a b a , a a a b a a

a .

T a a a ( ) a B a aa a V a V a , a J a a a , ., U a a . H V a a a a . L a a , a a a b

b , a b a a aa . S a a

a a b , a a a .

T a B a a a , a , a , . Ia , ( a a a a a, 1.1.2) a a a ,

a a . H b a a a a . H a a a a a a a a

.

H a ( ), (a ) a b a ; a , a a a a a .

S B a a a a , , a a a a a .

T a a a B a a . B , a a a a , a b a a , a a .

A a a a , B a aa a a ` a' , a b . H a b a . H a a a . W

a a aa ( a ) B a a b a ( ) a b a a V a a a, A a Ka a a b .

T a b a a B a a a b a a a a . T a a a b a .

B a a /B a a a a, a , a a ab a . T a a a a a b a a

a a a , a b a a ( a ) a b a a a . T a a a a b a a a b a a a (B a a a a ).


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9. Va ab a A.D. 1479 1544 a a10. a A.D. 1550 B a a11. V ab A.D. 1550 a b a a a b a a12. Ba a a A.D. 1725 A a b b a

A b a a a b . S b a a a, R a a Ma a a a a

, b a .

AKARA

a a a' a a a a a b a B a a a , a U a a a B a a a a A a a V a. T aa `b a a a a a a b a a a a a' (`B a a a a ; a a a a . T a B a a a .')

a .

a a a a B a a a : Pa a b a a a A a a b a a . W U a a a a a a a , a b a a

a a B a a , Pa a, , B a a . O a , a b a a , a a a b , A a a

, B a a a . I a a a a , a a .

R a a , B a a a . T aa a ` a a,' a a a a , a a , a a a a

. T , a a à a' à a' ( ). T a , à a a' a a ,

a .

a a a a a a a a , b , b b

a a a aa ( ` a ' ). T a, a ( a ), a ( ), b a(a a ), a a ( ), a a a a ( ) a b ( )

a b a a a aa.

T U a a ` a a a ' a a b a aB a a , a , a a a a .

a a a a a a a a b a a a a , b a D a a, B a a a, a b U a a a B a a a . H ,

a ab a a b a , a , a a . S a a a a , b a .

RMN JA

R a' a B a a a a b a. A a , aa a B a a a , V a a a V a a.T , b a a , a a a a a .


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T a b a b a a a G . I a b a a b a b . D a a , , a b a .

BHSKARA

B a a a b a a a a V a a

a a a' b a a a a ba a, a . H a V a a a U a a a B a a a . H a a .

B a a a a a a a a a a U a a a . H a B a a a ab a a b , b , a a a . H a a b a ( ) a

b aa ( ). U a a a a b a a . T a a a ,

a a a . T a a a a B a a , b a a b a , a b a

a a . T , a , a a a . T a b a a a a a . B , a b a , b B a a a a b .

B a a a a a , B a a a a .

A a a , B a a a a a a a a B a a a a a'

. S a a P a G , a a .

NIMBRKA

N b a' D a a a a B b a B a a. H , b a b B a a a a b a a , a a R a.

N b a' a V a a a ab a a B a a a . I a b b , a a a a .

A a a a a a a a : B a a , a a . W B a a a , ( b , a )

, b , a a ( a , a ) , b a.

A : a a a a a ; a a a a , b a a a b a B a a a a , a .

T a a a a a . B a a aa a a a a a , a .


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N b a a a b a ( ) a ab a ( ) a ba a . T b a a . I a b a a a a a . C a a , a , B a a a a a a a a a a .

T a a a a , .

B a a a , a a b , b a a a . N b a

Ka a R a a a R a a La a V N aa.

B a a , a , a a . H a a a . H a a a a

.

T a a a a b . Ea a a , a a ( ),a ( ) a b ( ) a a . T a a b , a aa a a .

T a a a a a , a a a a a a a a a . A a a a a a B a a

.

C a a B a a a S a a a a a B a a B a a a. T a b a a a a b a, b a a , a .

T a a : a , , a G , a a b a a .

ALLABHA

Va ab a' a a a. H a a a B a a a , B a b a a A b a, a a ab .

T a 33 a a a a (3.2.33) . T b a b V a a a. A a a a a a, B a a a

. H a a a , a S b , a .

F Va ab a, G Ab Ka U a a a `B a a '. H a a a a a, (b , a a a b ). H a : Pa ab a a ,

P a a Ka; A a , a b , a A a ab a a b a a ab Ka. I A a a a a a a a

( a , a a a b ) a a ( , a), b bb . W P a a , A a a a .

T A a a, a a , a a : a ( ), a a (a ) a ab a( a ).


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G a : a a ( ), a a a ( ) a a a( ). T , b a , a , , a a a . W a a a , aa a .

C a a a a L . H , a a a a .

T a a . I b a , a a a a a ,

. I a .

B a a a a a . T a a ( a ) b a , b a ( ) a G a b a .

P a . S a a a a .H , a b a G a a a b a a a a a a . T

a a a , a a a a a b .

H , a a a .

Ba a a a a b a b .

B L

B ba V a, b a a a a a a , B a a a a a a a a a . A a

b a b a a , a b a a a B a a a a . I a a a ab , a b

b A a a .

O a ab a, b a a a a ab : B a V a a a ( A.D. 840), N a a a a a ( A.D. 1260) a Ra a ab R a a(17 .)

T b Pa a a ( A.D. 820), a a a a, a Pa a a a (1.1.1 4) . T a b P a a ( A.D. 1200)

Pa a a aa . T a a Ta a a a b A a a a M ( A.D.1350). A a , a a V a aa a a, a a A a a V a, a a a .

A , B a a a a b A a a a (13 . A.D. ) Ka a a B a a A a a a (16 . A.D. ) Pa a , Ka a a .

M a a b a a B a a a , b

a a :Sa a a a Sa a a M ( A.D. 900), V a aa a a V a a ( A.D.

1350), B a a a a a a a (14 . A.D. ) a B a a a a a Sa ab a a (18 . A.D. )


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