saswavlo universiteti `gaenaTi~

Учебный Университет «ГАЭНАТИ» Teaching University “GAENATI”

ISSN 1512-4096

perioduli samecniero Jurnali

gaenaTis macne

Периодический научный журнал

ИЗВЕСТИЯ ГАЭНАТИ

Periodical Scientific Journal

GAENATI HERALD

tomi I, nomeri I

Том I, номер I Volume I, Number I

Tbilisi-Тбилиси-Tbilisi

2012

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gaenaTis macneSi moTavsebuli statiebi recenzirdeba.

samecniero Sromebi referirdeba institut `teqinfor-

mis~ eleqtronul-referatul JurnalSi, ruseTis samec-

niero da teqnikuri informaciis institutis (ВИНИТИ)

referatul JurnalSi. Jurnalis aRweriloba igzavneba

parizSi ISSN-is saerTaSoriso centrSi, Jurnalis

eleqtronuli versia moTavsebulia saqarTvelos

parlamentis erovnuli biblioTekis ver-gverdze:

www.nplg.gov.ge, Setanilia saZiebo sistemebSi da igzav-

neba msoflios mravali qveynis erovnul biblioTekebSi.

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mTavari redaqtori: akademikosi giorgi eliava

saredaqcio kolegiis wevrebi: profesori vladimer megreliZe

sruli profesori Teimuraz buaCiZe (stu)

asocirebuli profesori valeri qiria (stu)

med. mecn. doqt., roland vasaZe (aSS)

med. mecn. doqt., asocirebuli

profesori avTandil isakaZe (Tssu)

filologis doqtori ekaterine eliava

ГЛАВНЫЙ РЕДАКТОР:

Академик Георгий Элиава

РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ КОЛЛЕГИЯ:

Профессор Владимир Мегрелидзе

Полный профессор Теймураз Буачидзе (ГТУ)

Ассоциированный профессор Валерий Кирия (ГТУ)

Докт. мед. наук Роланд Васадзе (США)

Докт. мед. наук, ассоциированный

профессор Автандил Исакадзе (ТГМУ)

Доктор филологии Екатерина Элиава

CHIEF EDITOR: Academician Giorgi Eliava

EDITORIAL BOARD: Professor Vladimer Megrelidze Full professor Teimuraz Buachidze (GTU) Associated professor Valeri Kiria (GTU) Doctor of medical sciences Roland Vasadze (USA) Doctor of medical sciences, associated professor Avtandil Isakadze (TSMU) Doctor of Phylology Ekaterine Eliava

sakontaqto telefoni: 274-70-16

gamomcemloba `georgika~

4

swavlebis

meTodika

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asistent-profesori daviT megreliZe

bunebis dacvis mniSvneloba da misi roli

mozardis harmoniuli aRzrdis saqmeSi

saswavlo universiteti `gaenaTi~

buneba aris moswavle axalgazrdobis Semecne-

bisa da silamazis aRqmis ZiriTadi wyaro. moswav-

leebi tkbebian da xaroben bunebis silamaziTa da

mSvenierebiT, zrunaven da cdiloben dauaxlovd-

nen da isargeblon misi didi saganZuriT, inte-

resdebian bunebis kanonzomierebebiT, xalisiT mu-

Saoben naturalur obieqtebze, iRrmaveben Teo-

riul codnas praqtikuli saqmianobiT.

buneba kacobriobis uZvirfasesi ganZia. masSi

warmoiSva, ganviTarda da cxovrobs adamiani.

buneba adamianis sicocxlis sawindaria. sadReiso

amocanebis warmatebiT gadawyvetisaTvis didi

mniSvneloba aqvs bunebis dacvis propagandas,

axalgazrdebis SeiaraRebas safuZvliani ekolo-

giuri codniT. im problemaTa Soris, romlebic

dRes mecnierebisa da gansakuTrebiT, biologiis

saskolo kursis winaSe dgas, erT-erTi pirvel-

Tagani bunebisadmi siyvarulis aRzrda da bunebis

dacvaa.

bunebis dacva es marto biologiuri problema

ki ar aris, aramed is geografiuli, ekonomikuri

da socialuri problemacaa, oRond gansakuTre-

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buli roli da sityva biologias ekuTvnis. bune-

bis dacva _ es mcenareTa calkeuli saxeobebis,

cxovelebis dacva ar aris, aramed bunebis, ro-

gorc adamianis materialuri keTildeobis wyaros,

misi resursebis gonivruli gamoyenebaa. swored

amiT aris ganpirobebuli is, rom bunebis dacvis

dadgenili wesebi kanonis xasiaTs atarebs da maTi

Sesruleba savaldebuloa yvelasaTvis. bunebi-

sadmi siyvaruli, misamdmi saTuTi mopyroba, misad-

mi zrunva unda gaxdes Cveni moswavle axalgazr-

dobis mTavari da ZiriTadi sazrunavi.

bunebis dacvis Sesaxeb elementaruli cnobebi

jer kidev moswavleebs dawyebiTi klasebidanve

eZlevaT. am etapze isini pirvelad ecnobian bu-

nebisadmi gonivruli mopyrobis elementarul

wesebs. maswavlebeli moswavleebis yuradRebas

amaxvilebs mdinareebis, tbebis da zRvebis sa-

warmoo da sayofacxovrebo narCenebiT dabinZure-

bis winaaRmdeg warmoebul RonisZiebebze. moswav-

leebs eZlevaT cnobebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra keT-

deba zRvebsa da okeaneebSi Camdinare wylebis

gasasufTaveblad, ecnobian haeris dabinZurebis

mizezebs, ganmartebas Rebuloben, Tu ra saSuale-

bebiT SeiZleba gaiwmindos dabinZurebuli haeri.

swavlebis procesSi yuradReba maxvildeba nia-

dagis Carecxvis, daSlisa da gamofitvis saziano

Sedegebze.

biologiuri disciplinebis calkeuli sagnebis

swavlebisas moswavleebi unda moviyvanoT im

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daskvnamde, rom bunebis dacva warmoadgens kacob-

riobis saarsebo aucileblobas, adamianTa Tana-

medrove Taobas akisria didi moqalaqeobrivi mova-

leoba da pasuxismgebloba bunebrivi simdidris

aRdgenis, wonasworobis SenarCunebis, kvlavwar-

moebasa da misi gegmazomierad gamoyenebisaTvis.

geografiis swavlebis dros xazi unda gaesvas

imas, rom bunebis kanonebi adamianis nebisagan da-

moukideblad arseboben da amitom es kanonebi

obieqturad ganapirobeben im sazRvrebsa da dones

manamde, sanam adamianis mier bunebrivi procesebis

msvlelobaSi Careva dasaSvebia. moswavleebs unda

CamouyaliboT warmodgenebi bunebis erTianobis

Sesaxeb misi organizaciis sxvadasxva safexurze,

cocxali da aracocxali bunebis erTianobis Sesa-

xeb. geografiis gakveTilebi mdidar masalas iZle-

vian moswavleTaTvis bunebrivi resursebis racio-

naluri gamoyenebis gegmiurobis saCveneblad.

qimiis gakveTilebze moswavleebs unda gavacnoT

unarCeno da mcirenarCeniani teqnologiis proce-

sebi, garemosTan ekologiuri SeTavsebis gaTva-

liswinebiT axali qimiuri elementebis Seqmna.

qimiis swavlebis procesSi moswavleebi yvelaze

TvalsaCinod, naTlad da garkveviT xedaven, ra

qimiuri TvisebebiT xasiaTdeba esa Tu is

nivTiereba, rogor xdeba erTi nivTierebis meore

nivTierebad gardaqmna, ecnobian qimiuri

reaqciebis sxvadasxva saxeebs, nivTierebaTa

agebulebas da maT Tvisebebs.

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msoflmxedvelobis Camoyalibebis saqmeSi

didmniSvnelovan rols asrulebs fizikis

swavleba. fizikis zogadi kanonenis Seswavlis

procesSi maswavlebelma Tanamimdevrulad unda

SeZlon moswavleebSi fizikur movlenebze swori

warmodgenis SemuSaveba, miaRwion materiis sxva-

dasxva saxisa da formis urTierTobis, moZraobisa

da ganviTarebis Sesaxeb WeSmariti azris

Camoyalibebas, ganviTarebasa da ganmtkicebas.

mSobliur literaturas, rogorc saswavlo

sagans, didi saSualebebi gaaCnia moswavleTa

ekologiuri ganaTlebis saqmeSi. literaturis

sagani iyo da darCeba adamianis garemosTan misi

mravalwaxnagovani kavSiri. maswavlebelma unda

SeZlos imis dasabuTeba, rom buneba aris buneb-

rivi sicocxlis obieqturad arsebuli silamazis

xati, rogorc mwerlis esTetikuri da eTikuri

idealebis xorcSesxma da rogorc gmiris, moqa-

laqis, patriotis formirebis erT-erTi piroba.

qarTveli mwerlebis: a. WavWavaZis, gr. orbelianis,

n. baraTaaSvilis, i. WavWavaZis, a. wereTlis, al.

yazbegis, vaSa fSavelas da sxvaTa nawarmoebebis

Seswavlisas maswavlebelma unda daanaxos moswa-

vleebs, Tu rogor aisaxeba bunebis silamaze, misi

mravalwaxnagovani faseuloba mxatvrul saxeebSi,

agrZnobinos mas, rom bunebasTan urTierTobas

moaqvs sixaruli, mravalmxriv amdidrebs pirovne-

bas, rom jansaRi garemos SenarCunebisaTvis

brZolaSi yalibdeba patrioti da moqalaqe.

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bunebis dacvis mravali mniSvnelovani da efeq-

turi RonisZieba tardeba skolaSi organizebulad

mowyobili saswavlo eqskursiebis dros. eqskur-

siebis Catarebis organizaciisa da misi Sinaarsis

ganmsazRvrel sakiTxebSi mniSvnelovani adgili

eTmoba bunebaSi moswavleebis damoukidebel mu-

Saobas, Teoriuli codnis praqtikaSi gamoyenebas

da bunebaSi qcevisa da usafrTxoebis wesebis

gacnobas.

zemoT aRniSnuli RonisZiebebis gatareba uSua-

lod warmoebs skolis im saswavlo materialuri

bazis gamoyenebiT, romlebic sabunebismetyvelo

saswavlo bazas warmoadgens. maT Soris mTavaria,

kabinetebi, laboratoriebi, saswavlo-sacdeli

nakveTebi, saxelosnoebi da masze zrunva ar unda

iyos erTdrouli kampaniuri RonisZieba, aramed

igi warmoadgens sakacobrio saqmes.

reziume

1. im problemaTa Soris, romlebic dRes gansa-kuTrebiT saskolo kursis winaSe dgas, erT-erTi pirvelTagani bunebisadmi siyvarulis aRzrda da bunebis dacvaa.

2. bunebisadmi siyvaruli, misadmi saTuTi mopy-roba, misadmi zrunva unda gaxdes Cveni mos-wavle axalgazrdobis mTavari da ZiriTadi sazrunavi.

3. moswavleebi unda miviyvanoT im daskvnamde, rom bunebis dacva warmoadgens kacobriobis saar-sebo aucileblobas.

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Ассистент-профессор Давид Мегрелидзе

ВАЖНОСТЬ ЗАЩИТЫ ПРИРОДЫ И ЕЕ РОЛЬ В ДЕЛЕ

ГАРМОНИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ПОДРОСТКОВ

Резюме

Учебный универтситет «ГАЭНАТИ»

1. Среди проблем, стоящих сегодня перед школьным

курсом, одна из первых – воспитание любви к

природе и защита природы.

2. Любовь к природе, бережное отношение к ней,

забота о ней должны стать главной и основной

заботой учащейся молодежи.

3. Учащихся необходимо привести к тому

заключению, что защита природы представляет

собой необходимое условие существования

человечества.

Assistant professor David Megrelidze THE IMPORTANCE OF NATURE PROTECTION AND ITS

ROLE IN THE HARMONIC DEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENTS

Summary Teaching University “GAENATI”

1. Among the first problems facing today the school course is the development of the love of nature and nature protection.

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2. The love of nature, solicitous attitude to is, care about the nature should become the main and basic concern of young students.

3. Students should be lead to the conclusion that nature protection is the necessary condition of survival of mankind.

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ekonomika

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asocirebuli profesori valeri qiria

momsaxurebis bazris saxelmwifoebrivi regulireba

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti

swrafad mzardi momsaxurebis sfero Tanamed-

rove ekonomikis ganviTarebis ZiriTadi mimarTu-

lebaTagania.

momsaxureba adamianis SromiTi saqmianobis

sasargeblo efeqtia. mas miekuTvneba sabinao–komu-

naluri, sayofacxovrebo, satransporto samsaxu-

rebi, ganaTleba, janmrTelobis dacva, kultu-

rul–aRmzrdelobiTi samuSaoebi, bavSvebisa da

moxucebis movla, turizmi da sxva. amrigad, mom-

saxureba ekonomikuri saqmianobis iseTi fomaa,

romelic mimarTulia adamianis da sawarmos

(firma, korporacia da a.S) moTxovnilebaTa

dasakmayofileblad. momsaxurebis zogierTi saxe

orientirebulia mosaxleobaze (ganaTleba, jan-

dacva, sayofacxovrebo da turistuli momsaxureba

da sxva.), zogi ki sawarmos momsaxurebaze (tvir-

Tebis gadatana, Senaxva, SefuTva, dafasoeba, da-

nadgarebis da aRWurvilobaTa remonti da a.S);

momsaxurebis garkveul saxeebs unari SeswevT

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daakmayofilon rogorc mosaxleobis, ise sawar-

moTa moTxovnilebebi (telefoni, komunikaciaTa

sxvadasxva saxeebi da a.S.).

momsaxurebis bazari warmoadgens momsaxurebis

gacvlis areals. igi arsebobs saqonlis bazarTan

erTad da misi saxesxvaobaa. momsaxurebis bazari

viTardeba sabazro ekonomikis kanonebiT. am ba-

zars aqvs garkveuli specifikac, rac moiTxovs

gansakuTrebul midgomas samewarmeo da marke-

tinguli saqmianobisadmi. es Taviseburebebia:

– lokaluri xasiaTi, ganpirobebuli terito-

riuli specifikiT, amitom momsaxurebis formebi

da dargis sawarmoTa funqcionireba damokide-

bulia teritoriul maxasiaTeblebze. es specifi-

kur moTxovnebs uyenebs am bazris segmentacias;

– sabazro procesebis dinamiuroba, dakavSire-

buli moTxovnis da mowodebis dinamiurobasTan,

rasac ganapirobeben, drois faqtori, dargobrivi

struqturis moqniloba, sezonuroba, mosaxleobis

Semosavlebi da sxva;

– kapitalis brunvis maRali siCqare;

– maRali ukureaqcia sabazro koniunqturis

cvlilebebis mimarT;

– momsaxurebis warmoebis organizaciis speci-

fikuroba, rac gapirobebulia imiT, rom momsaxu-

rebas ewevian saSualo da mcire sawarmoebi, rom-

lebsac SeuZliaT swrafi reaqcia sabazro koniun-

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qturis cvlilebebis mimarT da ufro efeqtianad

saqmianoben lokaluri bazris pirobebSi;

– momsaxurebis procesis specifika. mwarmoe-

bels piradi kontaqti aqvs momxmarebelTan. es

afarToebs komunikaciur kavSirebs da zrdis moT-

xovnebs, mwarmoeblis profesiul–kvalifikaciuri

unar–Cvevebis da saerTo kulturis mimarT;

– momsaxurebis diferenciaciis maRali xasia-

Ti. sabazro moTxovnis ganviTarebasTan erTad

warmoiSoba axali, arastandartuli moTxovnebi,

rac am sferoSi inovaciuri saqmianobis maRali

stimulia;

– momsaxurebis warmoebis Sedegebis saboloo

Sefaseba SeiZleba mxolod misi moxmarebis Semdeg,

amitom winaswar igi gaurkvevelia.

momsaxurebis bazari am sferos sxvadasxva

dargebSi uTanabrod aris ganviTarebuli. Zalze

ganviTardnen sabazro urTierTobebi da sazoga-

doebrivi moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebis efeq-

tian meqanizms qmnian mosaxleobis sayofacxovrebo

momsaxurebis, sazogadoebrivi kvebis, vaWrobis

sistemebi, rekreaciuli sfero (maT Soris turi-

zmi), magram iseT dargebSi, rogoricaa kultura,

jandacva, ganaTleba sabazro urTierTobebs aqvT

specifikac da SezRuduli SesaZleblobebic. aq

yovelTvis arsebobs mniSvnelovani arasabazro

seqtori, maT Soris saxelmwifoebrivi organi-

zaciebi da dawesebulebebi. msgavsi momsaxurebis

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warmoebis da moxmarebis procesSi srulad obieq-

turia saxelmwifos aqtiuri Carevis motivebi. ase,

magaliTad, Tavisufali bazris safuZvelze same-

dicino momsaxurebam bevr moqalaqes waarTva

samedicino daxmarebis miRebis SesaZlebloba. sa-

xelmwifos mier SeRavaTiani samedicino dazRvevis

SemoRebam ramdenadme Seamsubuqa es mdgomareoba.

analogiuri procesi mimdinareobda ganaTlebis da

sabinao momsaxurebis sferoSi. saWiro ganviTareba

ver hpova kreditis bazarma ganaTlebis misaRebad

da sabinao problemis dasaZlevad, radgan safi-

nanso–sakredito organizaciebs ar hqondaT stimu-

li am sferoSi aqtiuri saqmianobisaTvis. sabinao

da studenturi kreditebis dabrunebis gaurkvev-

lobisa da ganusazRvrelobis maRali xarisxi da

grZelvadiani xasiaTi maT stimuls ar aZlevda am

sferoSi aqtiuri saqmianobisaTvis. saWiro gaxda

saxelmwifoebrivi grantebis da dafinansebis Semo-

Reba aseT kreditebze SeRavaTiani procentis

dawesebis formiT.

meore mizezi, riTac ganpirobebulia aramwar-

moebluri sferos dargTa saxelmwifoebrivi regu-

lireba aris is, rom es dargebi awarmoeben sazo-

gadoebriv saqonels. isini mowodebulni arian

daakmayofilon ara marto individualuri, aramed

sazogadoebrivi moTxovnilebebi, romelTac axa-

siaTebT ganuyofadoba, e.i. momsaxurebis calkeul

pirTaTvis mowodebis SeuZlebloba. ar SeiZleba

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erTi moqalaqisaTvis ganxorcieldes ekologiuri

RonisZiebebi, erovnuli Tavdacva da a.S. realurad

aseTi sazogadoebrivi saqoneli SedarebiT cotaa.

maT miekuTvneba saxelmwifoebrivi marTva, erov-

nuli usafrTxoeba, ekologiuri regulireba, epi-

demiebis da socialuri anomaliebis winaaRmdeg

brZolis programebi da a.S.

aramwarmoebluri sferos saqmianobaSi saxelm-

wifos Carevis mesame mizezia e.w. „gare efeqtebis“

arseboba. mas miekuTvneba sargebloba, anu xarjebi,

rac modis im individebze, romlebic ar mona-

wileoben sabazro garigebaSi. bazars ar SeuZlia

ara marto am xarjebis kompensacia, arame maTi

gamovlenac. magaliTad, gare efeqtebi jandacvis

dargebis saqmianobidan vlindeba daavadebaTa do-

nis SemcirebiT, sicocxlis xangrZlivobis zrdiT

da a.S. es efeqti arsebobs materialuri warmoebis

yvela dargSi avadmyof moqalaqeTa droebiTi

araSromisunarianobis gamo kompensaciaze danaxar-

jebis SemcirebiT, aseve kadrebis samedicino

momsaxurebaze danaxarjebis SemcirebiT da a.S.

igive efeqti vlindeba socialuri uzrunvelyofis

sferoSi, mecnierebaSi, kulturaSi da a.S. es sazo-

gadoebrivad mniSvnelovani procesebia, magram

bazari ver amCnevs am gare efeqts da ar iZleva

meqanizmebs maTi kompensaciisaTvis. es procesi

moiTxovs saxelmwifos mxridan mizanmimarTul

regulirebas.

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meoTxe mizezi, rac ganapirobebs saxelmwifos

Carevas momsaxurebis sferos ganviTarebaSi, aris

saxelmwifos bunebrivi monopolia mravali socia-

luri problemis gadaWraze, rac saxelmwifos

ZiriTadi mizania. sazogadoebis yvela wevrisaTvis

cxovrebis normaluri pirobebis Sesaqmnelad

saxelmwifos aqvs socialuri programebi, rasac

axorcielebs sistemuri socialur–ekonomikuri

marTvis farglebSi. aseT pirobebSi sabazro prin-

cipi „danaxarjebi–mogeba“ adgils uTmobs saxelm-

wifoebrivi regulirebis mizans uzrunvelyos

momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba mosaxleobis yvela

fenisaTvis maTi Semosavlebis miuxedavad.

saxelmwifos Careva sameurneo saqmianobaSi

exeba ekonomikis yvela dargs. igi axorcielebs

sagadasaxado politikas, iyenebs nebadamrTav da

amkrZalav berketebs nebismieri dargis mimarT.

konkretul socialur–ekomomikur pirobebSi igi

agreTve lobirebs calkeul dargebs. Tumca

ekonomikaSi saxelmwifos Carevis xarisxi sxvada-

sxvagvaria. momsaxurebis dargebSi – jandacvaSi,

ganaTlebaSi, kulturaSi igi ara marto ufro

SesamCnevia, aramed obieqturad aucilebelic.

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reziume statiaSi ganxilulia momsaxurebis bazari,

rogorc ekonomikis aramwarmoeblur sferoSi

Sromis Sedegebis gacvlis areali.

mocemulia momsaxurebis bazris Tavisebure-

bani da dasabuTebulia saxelmwifos mier am baz-

ris regulirebis aucilebloba.

Ассоциированный профессор Валерий Кириа

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ

РЫНКА УСЛУГ

Грузинский Технический университет

Резюме

В статье рассматриваeтся рынок услуг как ареал обмена

результатов (полезного эффекта) труда непроизводственной

сферы экономики.

Охарактеризованы особенности рынка услуг. Обосно-

ваны причины необходимости регулирования рынка услуг

государством.

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Associated professor Valeri Kiria GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF SERVICE MARKET

Georgian Technical University Summary

The service market, as the area of exchange of results

(beneficial effect) of the work in the unproductive sphere of the economics is discussed in the article.

Peculiarities of the service market are described. The reasons of the necessity of service market regulation by the government are substantiated.

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medicina

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asocirebuli profesori avTandil isakaZe,

sruli profesori giorgi eliava,

biol. akad. doqtori leila berulava

sxvadasxva seleqciurobis beta-adreno-

blokatorebis moqmedebis meqanizmi

Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino universiteti studentTa da ganaTlebis muSakTa samkurnalo-

profilaqtikuri centri

beta-blokatorebis Tvisebebi variabeluria.

ganasxvaveben beta-receptorebis araseleqciur da

seleqciur blokatorebs, romlebic moqmedeben

marto gulis receptorebze. beta-blokatorebis

nawils axasiaTebs zogierTi Tviseba, romelic

damaxasiaTebelia simpaTomimeTikuri agentebisTvis

(e.w. Sinagani simpaTomimeTikuri aqtivoba) da

axdenen lokalur anesTeziur moqmedebas, rac

vlindeba gulis kvanZovani ujredebis depolari-zaciis fazis gaxangrZlivebaSi, maTi refraqto-ruli periodis gazrdaSi da moqmedebis potencia-lis SemcirebaSi, e.i. miokardiumis funqciis

depresiaSi. organizmSi sxvadasxva beta-bloka-

torebis metabolizmi da ganawileba araerTnairia,

riTac aixsneba cvlilebebi individualur reaq-

ciebSi. am jgufis cximSi yvelaze kargad xsnad

nivTierebebs, savaraudod, gaaCnia yvelaze xangr-

Zlivi moqmedeba [1,2,4,6].

beta-blokatorebis moqmedeba ar emorCileba

`sul an arafris~ kanons, gansakuTrebiT es exeba

23

seleqciurobas: efeqtorul organoebSi aris

erTdroulad beta-1 da beta-2 receptorebi, ro-melTa fardobiTi raodenoba SeiZleba sxvadasxva

iyos, razec damokidebulia maTi moqmedebis

gamoxatuloba. maTi beta mablokirebeli moqmede-

bis Zalas gansazRvravs agreTve maTi Tanaoba

receptorebTan.

arsebobs ramdenime Teoria, romelic xsnis

beta-blokatorebis moqmedebas. erT-erTi maTganis

mixedviT arteriuli wnevis daqveiteba, romelic

gamowveulia beta-blokatorebiT, dakavSirebulia

plazmis reninis ganTavisuflebis SemcirebasTan.

am Teoriis sawinaaRmdego argumentebi Semdegi

faqtebia: erTjeradad daniSnuli propranololi

amcirebs plazmis reninis aqtivobas arteriuli

wnevis daqveiTebis gareSe, pindololi ki, piriqiT,

aqveiTebs arteriul wnevas da ar moqmedebs plaz-mis reninis aqtivobaze. plazmis reninis sawyisi

done ar iZleva saSualebas winaswar ganvsazRv-roT hipotenziuri moqmedebis aqtivoba. garda ami-sa, xangrZlivma gamokvlevebma ar daamtkices kav-Siri reninis Semcvelobasa da beta-blokatorebis

moqmedebas Soris. zogi avtori am Seusabamobas

xsnis imiT, rom beta-blokatorebis umravlesoba

Trgunavs reninis gamonTavisuflebas. es faqti

aRiniSneba ufro dabali dozebis dros, vidre im

dozebisas, romlebic saWiroa mdgradi arteriuli

wnevis daqveiTebisaTvis avadmyofebTa umravleso-baSi.

sxva mkvlevarTa azriT, beta-blokatorebis moq-medeba dakavSirebulia sistoluri moculobis

24

SemcirebasTan, magram arteriuli wnevis daqvei-Teba ar xdeba am efeqtis paralelurad. simpaTomi-meTikuri efeqtis mqone beta-blokatorebi ar

iwveven sistoluri moculobis Semcirebas mosve-nebis mdgomareobaSi. baroreceptorebis Teoriis

momxreebi Tvlian, rom beta-blokatorebis miRebis

dros izrdeba baroreceptorebis mgrZnobeloba,

magram am faqtis Sefaseba Znelia adamianSi, gansa-kuTrebiT taqikardiis dros. garda amisa, SesaZ-loa baroreceptorebi ar TamaSoben ganmsazRvrel

rols xangrZlivad arsebuli hipertenziis meqa-

nizmSi.

zogierTi faqti miuTiTebs imaze, rom beta-

blokatorebis hipertenziuli moqmedeba mniSvne-lovanwilad ganpirobebulia ufro metad simpaTi-kuri nervuli sistemis tonusis daTrgunviT,

vidre reninis sekreciisa. simpaTikuri nervuli

sistemis tonusis daTrgunva wamyvan rols Tama-Sobs marto cximSi xsnadi beta-blokatorebisTvis,

romelTac gaaCnia saanesTezio moqmedeba.

warmodgenilia agreTve Semdegi hipoTeza: beta-

blokatorebis erTaderTi saerTo efeqtia gulis

adrenergiuli receptorebis daTrgunva, rac amci-rebs centralur nervul sistemaSi gulidan

mosuli impulsebis raodenobas, romelic

aregulirebs gulis moqmedebas, kerZod, datvir-

Tvis dros. am hipoTezas ar ewinaaRmdegeba Semdegi

faqtebi: yvela beta-blokators axasiaTebs msgavsi

aqtivoba; maTi moqmedebis dro sxvadasxvaa; iwveven

kateqolaminebis sekreciis daqveiTebas.

25

seleqciuroba an araseleqciuroba ganisazRvre-ba preparatis TvisebebiT moaxdinos mablokirebe-li moqmedeba receptorebze zogierT qsovilSi

ufro mcire dozebSi, vidre es saWiroa efeqtis

gamovlinebisaTvis sxva qsovilebSi.

kardioseleqciuri preparatebi mcire dozebSi

Trgunaven gulis beta-receptorebs (beta-1) da

naklebi xarisxiT axdenen gavlenas periferiuli

sisxlZarRvebis receptorebze, bronquli xis

receptorebze (beta-2). beta-2-adrenoreceptorebi

ZiriTadad monawileoben insulinis gamonTavisuf-lebaSi da glikogenolizSi. magram es sxvaoba ar

damtkicda yvela klinikur gamokvlevaSi. kardio-seleqciuri preparatebis gamoyenebis dros SeiZ-leba gamovlindes bronquli gamtarobis darRveva,

gansakuTrebiT asTmiT avadmyofebSi. magaliTad,

rizoprols (1:75), sxva beta-blokatorebTan Seda-rebiT (betaqsololi (1:35), atenololi (1:35), meta-prololi (1:20), propranololi (1,8:1)) aqvs ufro

maRali kardioseleqciurobis indeqsi [3,5,7]. rizo-proli ar axdens gavlenas naxSirwylovan cvlaze

Saqriani diabetis II tipiT daavadebulebSi, ar

axdens mniSvnelovan gavlenas lipidur cvlaze da

ar axdens klinikurad mniSvnelovan gavlenas

bronqebis β2-receptorebze 10 g-mde dozis dani-Svnisas.

preparatebi, romlebsac gaaCnia agonistis nawi-

lobrivi aqtivoba, receptorTan urTierTqmedebi-

sas dasawyisSi axdenen masze zomier mastimuli-

rebel moqmedebas. am monacemTa safuZvelze iyo

gamoTqmuli varaudi, rom nawilobrivad agonis-

26

tebs naklebi albaTobiT SeuZliaT gamoiwvion

kardialuri ukmarisoba. blokatorebis membran-

mastabilizebeli (qininismagvari, adgilobrivi saanesTezio) moqmedeba dadgenili iyo eqspe-rimentSi. nivTierebis koncentracia, romlis dros

aRmoCenili iyo misi Tviseba Seamciros miokar-diuli ujredebis moqmedebis potencialis zrdis

siCqare, 50-100 jer maRla iyo Terapevtul kon-centraciaze avadmyofebSi. amitom naklebad sava-raudoa, rom mocemul efeqts hqondes mniSvneloba

klinikaSi. es mtkicdeba kidev imiT, rom zogierTi

beta-blokatori, romelsac ara aqvs es Tviseba,

klinikaSi axdens antiariTmiul efeqts.

beta-blokatorebis kavSiri beta-receptorebTan

Seqcevadia, razec metyvelebs is faqti, rom ufro

maRali koncentraciis agonisti `gamodevnis~ maT.

beta-blokatorebi gansxvavdebian cximebSi Tavi-anTi gaxsnis unariT. alprenololi da propra-

nololi xasiaTdebian udidesi xsnadobiT

lipidebSi, rac ganapirobebs maT unars advilad

gadalaxon hemato-encefaluri barieri.

gulis SekumSvaTa sixSire sxvadasxva bloka-torebis zegavleniT sxvadaxsva xarisxiT icvleba.

blokatorebi agonistis nawilobrivi TvisebebiT

naklebad moqmedeben gulis riTmze, vidre arase-leqciuri da kardioseleqciuri. uaryofiTi qro-notropuli moqmedeba gansakuTrebiT vlindeba fi-zikuri datvirTviT gamokvlevebSi. miokardiumis

kumSvadoba, romelic ganisazRvreba arapirdapiri

meTodebiT, beta-adrenoreceptorebis blokatore-

bis gavleniT qveiTdeba. arsebiTia gansxvaveba

27

uaryofiTi qronotropuli da inotropuli efeq-tis xangrZlivobaSi: ukanaskneli pirvelze mok-lea. gulis SekumSvaTa sixSiris dadebiTi gavlena

gamovlindeba gulis muSaobis SemcirebaSi,

Sesabamisad mcirdeba miokardiumis moTxovnileba

JangbadSi, izrdeba diastolis dro, rac xels

uwyobs im drois gaxangrZlivebas, romlis ganmav-lobaSi xdeba koronaruli arteriebis perfuzia.

beta-receptorebis sxva blokatorebisgan gan-

sxvavebiT korgardi zrdis TirkmelebSi sisxl-mimoqcevas. aseTi uCveulo moqmedebis meqanizmi

gaurkvevelia, magram TviT faqti mravali dakvir-vebiT mtkicdeba.

reziume

kardioseleqciuri preparatebi mcire dozebSi amuxruWeben gulis beta-receptorebis aqtivobas da sust gavlenas axdenen periferiuli sisxl-ZarRvebis receptorebze, bronquli xis recep-torebze.

maRalseleqciuri beta-1 adrenoblokatorebi ar axdenen mniSvnelovan gavlenas lipidur cvlaze da garkveul dozebSi ar axdenen klinikurad mniSvnelovan gavlenas bronqebis beta-2 recep-torebze. nawilobriv agonistebi naklebi alba-TobiT gamoiwveven kardiul ukmarisobas.

literatura

1. Вальдман А.В., Асламазов В.А., Цырлин В.А.

Клиническая нейрофармакология гипотензивных

средств. М., Медицина, 1978 – 271с.

28

2. Мазур Н.А. Современное состояние и задачи клинико-

фармакологического изучения антиаритмических и

антиангинальных препаратов. Кардиология, 1982, №5, с.

42-47.

3. Терещенко С.Н., Павликова Е.П., Сивков В.И., Моисеев

В.С. Применение селективного бета-адреноблокатора

бисопролола у больных острым инфарктом миокарда и

сопутствующим хронически обструктивным бронхитом.

Кардиология, 2000; 9; 22-44.

4. Чазов Е.И., Боголюбов В.М. Нарушения ритма сердца. М.,

Медицина, 1972 – 248с.

5. Brandl D.A., Newcomer L.N., Freiberger A., Tian H. Cardio-

logist’s practices compared with practice guidelines: use of

beta-blocade after acute myocardial infraction. J. Am. Coll.

Cardiol., 1995, 26; 1432-6.

6. Clinical Pharmacology / Ed. by K.L. Meltom, H.F. Morrelli,

New-York, 1978 – 1146p.

7. Leopold G., Pabst I., Ungethum W., Buhring K.U. Basic phar-

macokinetic of bisoprolol, a new highly beta 1 selective adre-

noreceptor antagonist. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 1986; 26; 616-21.

Ассоциированный профессор Автандил Исакадзе,

Полный профессор Георгий Элиава,

Академический доктор биологии Лейла Берулава

МЕХАНИЗМЫ ДЕЙСТВИЯ БЕТА-АДРЕНОБЛОКАТОРОВ

РАЗНОЙ СЕЛЕКТИВНОСТИ

Тбилиский государственный медицинский университет

Лечебно-профилактический центр

29

Резюме

Метаболизм и распределение в организме различных

бета-блокаторов неодинаковы, чем и объясняются различия

в индивидуальных реакциях. Поэтому в процессе терапии

необходимо в динамике определять уровни содержания

бета-блокаторов крови, что позволит осуществить

дифференцированный подход к оценке эффективности

действия препарата с учетом индивидуальных

особенностей течения висцеральных функций больного.

Бета-адреноблокаторы с высоким индексом кардиосе-

лективности не оказывают существенного влияния на ли-

пидный состав и в определенных дозах не вызывают

клинически значительного влияния на бета-2-рецепторы

бронхов.

Associated professor Avtandil Isakadze, Full professor Giorgi Eliava,

Academic doctor of biology Leila Berulava MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF BETA-ADRENO-

BLOCKERS WITH VARIOUS SELECTIVITY Tbilisi State Medical University

Medical prevention centre

30

Summary

Metabolism and distribution of various beta-blockers in the organism is not equal, that explains the differencies in the individual reactions. That’s why in the process of therapy it is necessary to determine time profile of the levels of blood beta-blockers content, that allows to implement differentiated approach to the estimation of medication’s efficacy by taking into account the course of visceral functions of the patient.

Beta-adrenoblockers with high index of cardioselectivity have no significant effect on the lipid composition and in the certain dosages don’t assert clinically significant influence on the beta-2-receptors of bronchi.

31

med. mecn. doqtori, prof. rusudan mJavanaZe,

biol. akad. doqtori leila berulava

sruli profesori giorgi eliava

antianginaluri saSualebebis zogierTi jgufis

moqmedebis meqanizmebi da maTi gamoyeneba

sareabilitacio praqtikaSi

g.m. naTaZis sax. sanitariisa da higienis

s/k instituti

samkurnalo-profilaqtikuri centri

samedicino reabilitaciis stacionaruli fazis amocanebia: klinikuri mdgomareobis stabilizacia, instrumentuli da bioqimiuri kvlevis meTodebis maCveneblebis dadebiTi dinamika, garTulebebis prevencia, likvidacia an garTulebebis gamoxa-tulebis Semcireba [2,3].

reabilitaciis programis stacionaruli fazis ganxorcielebis Sedegad avadmyofi unda momza-debul iqnas Sesabamisi profilis sanatoriumebis reabilitaciis specializebul ganyofilebebSi (Tu ar arsebobs ukuCveneba reabilitaciis gagr-ZelebisaTvis).

reabilitaciis procesSi medikamenturi Terapia gamoiyeneba rogorc paTogenezuri Terapia da rogorc saSualeba, romelic xels uwyobs rea-bilitaciis fizikuri meTodebis moqmedebis efeq-

32

turobas da zrdis amtanobas fizikuri da fsiqoemociuri datvirTvebis mimarT.

ganvixiloT antianginaluri saSualebebidan sisxlZarRvTa gamafarToebeli jgufis nitroSena-erTebis moqmedebis meqanizmebi.

yvela nitrati axdens gamoxatul pirdapir momadunebel moqmedebas sisxlZarRvTa gluv kun-Tebze da upiratesad venebze. did dozebSi ag-reTve iwveven arteriolebis gafarToebas, rac gamoiwvevs sistemuri sisxlZarRvovani winaaRm-degobis daqveiTebas. vazodilatatorebis moqme-debis zusti meqanizmi ucnobia [2,4,7].

gamokvlevebi gviCvenebs, rom SesaZloa nitro-glicerini axdens sisxlZarRvebSi S-nitroizoTio-lis inducirebas ujredSiga cgmf koncentraciis Semdgomi gazrdiT. Tvlian, rom nitratebi ukav-Sirdebian sisxlZarRvebis gluvkunTovani boWko-ebis `nitratuli receptorebis~ sulfhidrilur jgufebs.

aris agreTve monacemebi, rom nitratebi nawi-lobriv SeiZleba moqmedebdnen prostaglandinebis sistemis meSveobiT, axdendnen sisxlZarRvovani kedlidan prostaciklinis gamoTavisuflebis inducirebas da Trgunavdnen Trombocitebidan Tromboqsanis gamoyofas [2,4].

periferiuli vazodilatacia iwvevs gulisaken venuri moqcevis Semcirebas (predatvirTvis Semcirebas), rac iwvevs marcxena parkuWSi sabo-loo-diastoluri wnevis daqveiTebas da misi kedlis daZabvis Semcirebas, rac, Tavis mxriv, xels uwyobs miokardiumis JangbadSi moTxov-nilebis Semcirebas [2,3,6]. nitratebis mier gamo-wveuli marcxena parkuWis saboloo-diastoluri wnevis daqveiTeba xels uwyobs subendokardiuli

33

aris (romelic yvelaze mgrZnobiarea isxemiis mimarT) perfuziis gaumjobesebas. nitratebis gav-lena marcxena parkuWis saboloo-diastolur wnevaze ufro gamoxatulia, roca igi gazrdilia. nitratebi agreTve iwveven sistoluri arteriuli wnevis daqveiTebas dartymiTi moculobis da wuTmoculobis daqveiTebas, rasac moyveba refleqsuri taqikardia, romelic ufro gamoxa-tulia vertikalur mdgomareobaSi.

nitratebis antianginaluri moqmedebis meqa-nizmSi mniSvnelovani adgili ukavia maT pirdapir moqmedebas koronarul cirkulaciaze da miokar-diumis perfuziaze isxemiis dros [2,5,7]. Terapiul koncentraciebSi nitratebi iwveven msxvili koronaruli arteriebis dilatacias. amave dros nitratebis moqmedebisaTvis arteriolebis tonus-ze saWiroa mniSvnelovnad meti koncentracia.

isxemiis dros nitroglicerini zrdis sisxl-denas miokardiumis iSemiur ubnebTan, iwvevs koronaruli sisxldenis gadanawilebas, rac xels uwyobs miokardiumis endokardiul da epikardiul SreebSi sisxlmimoqcevis normaluri Tana-fardobis aRdgenas [2,7,8].

garda amisa, nitratebi xsnian spazms rogorc normaluri, ise aTerosklerozuli procesiT dazianebul koronarul arteriebSi [1,5,6,8].

maSasadame, nitratebis moqmedebis meqanizmi ste-nokardiis dros rTulia da SeiZleba TiToeul avadmyofSi iyos gansxvavebuli paTofiziologi-uri faqtorebisagan damokidebuli.

aRmoCnda, rom zogierTi avadmyofi ar rea-girebs nitratebze: izosorbit dinitratis maRali koncentraciebi plazmaSi yovelTvis ar uzrun-velyofen hemodinamikur cvlilebebs. am faqts

34

rigi avtori xsnis imiT, rom nitratebiT gamo-wveuli hemodinamikuri efeqtis Semdeg am avadmyo-febSi ar icvleba balansi miokardiumis JangbadSi moTxovnilebasa da mis miwodebas Soris.

sareabilitacio praqtikaSi Zalian mniSvne-lovania nitroglicerinis unari gazardos fizi-kuri Sromis unarianoba, fizikuri datvirTvebis amtanoba, unari moaxdinos sistematuri fizikuri varjiSebis dadebiTi efeqtis `potencireba~. nitratebi mniSvnelovnad zrdian zRvrul simZ-lavres veloergometriis dros, amcireben gulis SekumSvaTa sixSires da `ormagi namravlis~ sidi-des, amcireben ST segmentis depresiis xarisxs datvirTvis dros. izosorbid dinitrati 20 mg doziT msgavs efeqts inarCunebs 3 sT ganmav-lobaSi sustaki an nitrongi msgavs efeqts gvaZ-leven 4-5 sT-is ganmavlobaSi. zemoaRniSnul faq-tebs aqvT didi mniSvneloba preparatis dozis SerCevaSi da misi miRebis jeradobis gansazRvraSi dReRamis ganmavlobaSi.

literatura

1. svaniSvili r., kaxabriSvili z. sportuli medi-cina da kinezoTerapia. Tb., 2010.

2. tatiSvili n., simonia g. Sinagani sneulebani. Tb., 2002.

3. qobulia a., faRava z., CafiCaZe z., jaSi i., mai-suraZe i. stabiluri stenokardiis mkurnaloba axali antianginaluri preparatiT rabolaziniT (“Ranexa”). kardiologia da Sinagani sneuleba XXI, №3(XV), 2006.

35

4. Крыжановский С.А. Клиническая фармакология. М.,

2001.

5. Метелица В.И. Справочная кардиология по

клинической фармакологии // Под ред. Е.И. Чазова. М.,

Медицина, 1980 – 304с.: 1987 – 368с.

6. Толпекин В.Е., Евдокимов В.В. Нитроглицерин, нитро-

пруссид натрия и внутриаортальная контрпульсация

при остром инфаркте миокарда – Кардиология, 1981,

№1, с. 27-31.

7. Abrams J. Nitroglycerine and long-acting nitrates in clinical

practice – AMER. J. Med., 1983, vol. 74, p. 85-94.

8. Maseri A. Pathogenetic mechanisms of angina pectoris:

expanding views. Brit. Heart J., 1980, vol. 46, p. 648-660.

reziume

reabilitaciis procesSi medikamenturi Terapia gamoiyeneba, rogorc paTogenezuri Terapia da rogorc saSualeba, romelic xels uwyobs reabilitaciis fizikuri moqmedebis efeqturobas da zrdis amtanobas fizikuri da fsiqoemociuri datvirTvebis mimarT.

nitratebi mniSvnelovnad zrdian zRvrul simZ-lavres veloergometriis dros, amcireben gulis SekumSvaTa sixSires da `ormagi namravlis~ sidides. didi mniSvneloba aqvs nitratebis dozis SerCevas da miRebis jeradobis gansazRvras dReRamis ganmavlobaSi.

36

Докт. мед. наук, профессор Русудан Мжаванадзе,

Академический доктор биологии Лейла Берулава,

Полный профессор Георгий Элиава

МЕХАНИЗМЫ ДЕЙСТВИЯ НЕКОТОРЫХ ГРУПП

АНТИАНГИНАЛЬНЫХ СРЕДСТВ И ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ В

РЕАБИЛИТАЦИОННОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

НИИ санитарии и гигиены им. Г.М. Натадзе

Лечебно-профилактический центр

Резюме

Медикаментозная терапия в процессе реабилитации

применяется как патогенетическая терапия и как терапия,

способствующая эффективности физических методов

реабилитации, и повышает переносимость физических и

психо-эмоциональных нагрузок.

Нитраты способствуют повышению предельной мощ-

ности при велоэргометрических нагрузках, оптимизации

сердечной деятельности. Большое значение имеет выбор

дозы нитратов и определение кратности их приема.

37

Doct. of med. sciences, prof. Rusudan Mzhavanadze,

Academic doctor of biology Leila Berulava,

Full professor Giorgi Eliava

MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF SOME GROUPS OF ANTIANGINAL DRUGS AND THEIR USE IN THE

REHABILITATION PRACTICE

SRI of Sanitation and Hygiene Named After G.M. Natadze Medical prevention centre

Summary

Drug therapy in the process of rehabilitation is used as

pathogenetic therapy and as therapy which promotes efficiency of physical methods of rehabilitation, and increases ability to exercise physical and psycho-emotional loading.

Nitrates assist the increase of ultimate capacity during velo-ergometric loading and optimization of heart activity. Selection of nitrate dosage and determination of dosage frequency are of great importance.

38

bioteqno-

logia

39

profesori giorgi eliava,

profesori Teimuraz buaCiZe

peqtolizuri fermentebis miRebis siRrmuli da

zedapiruli xerxebis SedarebiTi Sefaseba

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti

Tanamedrove bioteqnologiaSi mikrobuli fer-

mentebis bioteqnologia Seicavs uamrav sakiTxs,

rogoricaa fermentebis producentebis –

mikroorganizmebis SerCeva da seleqcia, maTi

biosinTezi, fermentebis gamoyofis meTodebi, mi-

Reba da fermentuli preparatebis sawarmoo gamo-

yeneba [1,2,3].

fermentebi cilovani nivTierebebia, romlebic

farTod gamoiyeneba, rogorc qimiuri reaqciebis

katalizatorebi, kvebis, farmakologiur da bio-

qimiur mrewvelobaSi.

ekonomikuri da teqnologiuri mosazrebebidan

gamomdinare fermentebis miReba mikroorganizmebis

saSualebiT ufro xelsayrelia, vidre maTi miReba

mcenareuli da cxoveluri wyaroebidan.

mikrobuli ujredebi Seicaven an producireben

ori aTasze met fermentebs, romlebic axdenen

zrdasTan, sunTqvasa da produqtebis warmoSo-

basTan dakavSirebul bioqimiuri reaqciis kaTa-

lizs.

40

peqtolizuri fermentebi sinTezirdeba sxvada-

sxva ekologiuri jgufebis, sxvadasxva gvarebis

miceliumiani sokoebiT [8,10,11].

miceliumiani sokoebis mier fermentebis war-

moqmnaze gavlenas axdens mravali faqtori, maT

Soris miceliumiani sokoebis kultivirebis xerxi.

sokos 113 kulturis siRrmuli da zedapiruli

xerxebiT kultivirebam aCvena siRrmuli xerxis

upiratesoba [9].

soko Coriolus pubescens peqtinazebis warmoqmni-

saTvis saukeTeso pirobebi iqmneba siRrmuli

xerxis gamoyenebisas [9]. amave dros Aspergillis carbonarius da Rhizopus slononifer kultivireba zedapi-

ruli xerxiT uzrunvelyofs peqtolizuri

fermentebis maqsimalur biosinTezs.

maSasadame, peqtolizuri fermentebis miRe-

bisaTvis producentebis Taviseburebebisagan damo-

kidebulebaSi unda damuSavdes rogorc siRrmuli

kultivirebis xerxi, ise zedapiruli [11].

biologiurad aqtiuri nivTierebebis produ-

centebis – mikroorganizmebis siRrmuli kulti-

vireba aris mikrobuli sinTezis produqtebis

miRebis yvelaze rTuli procesi. biologiurad

aqtiuri nivTierebebis mier biosinTezi damo-

kidebulia iseTi faqtorebisagan, rogoricaa tem-

peratura, zrdadi kulturis garemos pH, gaxsnili

Jangbadis koncentracia, kultivirebis xang-

rZlivoba, mowyobilobis masala da konstruqcia

da sxv.

41

mikroorganizmebis umravlesobis kultivireba

xdeba sterilur pirobebSi. procesis sterilu-

roba uzrunvelyofilia fermantatoris, milsa-

denebis da xelsawyoebis gadamwodebis steri-

lobiT. garda amisa, mniSvnelovania sakvebi niada-

gis steriloba, saTesi kulturis sisufTave,

haeris steriloba, romelic saWiroa zrdadi

kulturis aeraciisaTvis da qimiuri qafis Camq-

robis steriloba, fermentatorSi sterilizebuli

gadamwodebis arseboba, Semrevi mowyobilobis

lilvis SemWidroebis haerovani dacvis steri-

lobis SenarCuneba, teqnologiuri milsadenebis

da armaturis steriloba mTliani procesis dros.

siRrmuli kultivirebis dros fermentebis

biosinTezze moqmedebs sakvebi niadagis aeracia.

mikrobuli ujredis uzrunvelyofa JangbadiT

ganisazRvreba niadagis meqanikuri Serevis intensi-

vobiT da agreTve sakvebi niadagis moculobis

erTeulze drois erTeulSi miwodebuli haeris

raodenobiT. dadginda, rom aeraciis gazrda mkveT-

rad zrdis egzogenur da endogenur poligalaq-

turonazas sinTezs da ar moqmedebs

peqtinesTerazas sinTezze Aspergillus awamori-s mikroorganizmSi [6,7]. roca sakvebi niadagis

aeraciis intensivoba 0,27 l/l.wT-Sia da Semrevis

brunvis siCqare 300 br/wT-ia, maSin iqmneba

pirobebi kompleqsuri preparatis Penicillum digitalum

miRebisaTvis yvela fermentis maRali aqtivobiT

[7].

mikroorganizmebis siRrmuli kultivireba SeiZ-

leba ganxorcieldes periodul da uwyvet pro-

42

cesSi. perioduli procesi xasiaTdeba imiT, rom

SezRudul moculobaSi sakvebi niadagi ar

icvleba, ris Sedegadac xdeba niadagis

Semadgenlobis da producentebis fiziologiuri

mdgomareobis mudmivi cvlileba.

uwyveti kultivireba gvaZlevs saSualebas mo-

vaxdinoT niadagis parametrebis da mikroorga-

nizmebis fiziologiuri mdgomareobis stabili-

zacia. imis gamo, rom xdeba substratis uwyveti

moqceva da kulturis siTxis ukudineba, Senar-

Cundeba kultivirebis sistemis wonasworuli

mdgomareoba. ujredSi nivTierebis koncentracia,

pH-is, pO2-is sidideebis mniSvnelobebi da sxva

parametrebi SeiZleba SevinarCunoT garkveul

doneze an mizanmimarTulad vcvaloT. uwyveti

kultivireba iZleva saSualebas xangrZlivi

droiT SevinarCunoT pirobebi, romelTa dros

niadagis garkveuli komponentiT xdeba kulturis

zrdis limitireba.

literatura

1. kvesitaZe g., kvesitaZe e. bioteqnologia, Tb., 1999.

2. nucubiZe n. bioteqnologiis kursi, Tb., 2009.

3. Биология и биотехнология микроорганизмов. Ташкент,

1989.

43

4. Калунянц К.А., Величко Б.А., Брунс И.А. и др.// Тр.

фермент отд-ния ин-та ВНИИ синтезбелок, 1974, вып. 2,

с. 62-64.

5. Mukherjee S.K., Majumdar S.H.//J. Exp. Biol. 1974, vol. 12,

№3, p. 275-277.

6. Калунянц К.А., Голгер Л.И. Микробные ферментные

препараты. М., 1979, с. 394.

7. Михайлова Р.В.// Закономерности биосинтеза пектоли-

тических ферментов Aspergillus alliaceus и Penicillum

digitalum: Автореф. дисс... канд. биол. наук,Ю Мн., 1981.

8. Chopra S., Mehta P.// Folia Microbiol. 1985, vol. 30, p. 117-

125.

9. Dingle J., Solomons G.L. //J. Appl. Chem. 1952, vol. 2, p.

395-399.

10. Ishii S., Yokotsuka T.// Agr. Biol. Chem. 1975, vol. 36, №1,

p. 146-153.

reziume

sakvebi niadagis mravalkomponenturi Sedgeni-

loba ganisazRvreba producentis moTxovnilebiT

kvebis wyaroebSi mikroorganizmebis nivTierebaTa

cvlis gaTvaliswinebiT.

peqtolizuri fermentebis warmoSoba damoki-

debulia kvebis ZiriTad wyaroebze, kultivirebis

pirobebze, zogierT fizikur-qimiur faqtorze da

siRrmuli da zedapiruli xerxebis Semdgom

optimizaciaze.

44

Профессор Георгий Элиава,

Профессор Теймураз Буачидзе

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА ГЛУБИННЫХ И

ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ СПОСОБОВ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

ПЕКТОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ФЕРМЕНТОВ

Грузинский технический университет

Резюме

Пектолитические ферменты синтезируются мицелиаль-

ными грибами различных экологических групп, различных

родов.

Для получения пектолитических ферментных препа-

ратов, в зависимости от особенностей продуцентов, разра-

батываются способы как поверхностного, так и глубинного

выращивания, несмотря на преимущество глубинного

способа, подтвержденное при выращивании большого

количества грибных культур.

45

Professor Giorgi Eliava,

Professor Teimuraz Buachidze

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DEPTH AND SURFACE METHODS OF RECEIPT OF PECTOLYTIC ENZYMES

Georgian Technical University

Summary

Pectolytic enzymes are synthesized by filamentous fungi of various ecological groups of various genus.

For receipt of pectolytic enzyme preparations, depending on the peculiarities of producers, the method of both surface, and depth cultivation are elaborated, despite of advantages of depth method, that is testified in the process of cultivation of a great number of fungal cultures.

46

profesori giorgi eliava,

profesori Teimuraz buaCiZe

bioteqnologiis mimarTulebis – polisaqa-

riduli inJineriis ganviTarebis perspeqtivebi

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti

Tanamedrove bioteqnologia Seiswavlis sakiT-

xebis did speqtrs, romlebic mniSvnelovania

kvebisa da msubuqi mrewvelobisaTvis, soflis

meurneobisaTvis, medicinisaTvis da a.S. [1,2].

polisaqaridebi, romlebic maRalmolekulur

biopolimerebs warmoadgenen, araerTi aTeuli

welia farTod gamoiyeneba meurneobaSi, magram

bioteqnologiis gamoCenasTan da ganviTarebasTan

erTad sxvadasxva saxis miRebuli polisaqaridebis

ricxvi mniSvnelovnad gaizarda.

polisaqaridebi (ps) Sedian TiTqmis yvela

cocxali organizmis SemadgenlobaSi da warmo-

adgenen bunebrivi naerTebis erT-erT msxvil

klass. isini asruleben energiis wyaros da struq-

turuli elementebis rols cocxal sistemebSi.

Cveulebriv polisaqaridebs mcenareuli da

cxoveluri nedleulidan gamoyofdnen. mikroor-

47

ganizmebidan gamoyofili iyo unikaluri struq-

turis da specifikurobis aTeuli polisaqaridi,

romelTac aqvT didi mniSvneloba.

genuri inJineriis specialistebis yuradReba,

garda nukleinis mJavebisa da cilebis, `komerci-

uli~ polisaqaridebis miRebaze gadavida [1,2,3,4].

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom bioteqnologiaSi gaCnda

axali mimarTuleba _ polisaqariduli inJineria.

mTeli rigi firmebisa (Alpha-Beta Technology Inc,

Biosource Genetics (USA) da sxv.) aiRes specializacia

genuri da polisaqariduli inJineriis meTodebis

gamoyenebaze [5].

polisaqaridebi mravali sxvadasxva Tvisebebis

gamo farTod gamoiyeneba teqnikaSi (sazeTi masa-

lebis komponentis saxiT), mrewvelobis sxvadasxva

dargSi (safeiqro, qaRaldis, kvebis, farma-

cevtuli, navTobmompovebeli da sxva) [6,7,8,9,10].

prognozebis mixedviT navTobqimiuri nedleu-

lisagan miRebul polimerebs Secvlian biopo-

limerebi. es ganpirobebulia naxSirwyalbadovani

nedleulis resursebis SezRudviT. garda amisa,

fermentaciis teqnologiisa da genetikuri inJi-

neriis ganviTarebasTan erTad Semcirda mocemuli

biopolimerebis warmoebis danakargebi.

amJamad polisaqaridebis mikrobiologiuri

warmoebis Rirebuleba sakmaod maRalia. fermenta-

torebis konstruqciis srulyofa da ufro

efeqturi teqnologiebis damuSaveba xels Seu-

48

wyobs biopolimerebis konkurentunarianobis

zrdas [11].

iseTi polisaqaridebi, rogoricaa qsantani,

farTod gamoiyeneba navTobmompovebel mrewve-

lobaSi emulgatoris da Semsqelebeli agentis

saxiT, mrewvelobis safeiqro, parfiumerul-kos-

metikur da poligrafiul dargebSi ki, rogorc

saRebavebis da saRebarebis sasqelebeli [11].

Chittonella da Heterosigma wyalmcenareebi, rome-

lTa imobilizacia Sesrulebulia agarze, efeq-

turad asinTezeben 1500 meti molekuluri masis

polisaqaridebs da maT farTo gamoyeneba SeiZleba

hpovon kibos terapiaSi (imis gamo, rom

polisaqaridebs gaaCniaT imunuri sistemis stimu-

laciis unari) da agreTve SeiZleba gamoviyenoT

gamofituli sabadoebidan navTis miRebisaTvis

(vinaidan arian efeqturi detergentebi) [12].

polisaqaridebi gamoiyo rogorc samkurnal-

wamlo SenaerTebis klasi kibos daavadebebis

samkurnalod da simsivniswarmomqneli naerTebis

TerapiaSi radiologiuri da qirurgiuli

meTodebis alternativas warmoadgenen [13].

wiTeli da mura wyalmcenareebidan xdeba

Zvirfasi polisaqaridebis gamoyofa, rogoricaa,

magaliTad, agari. agari gamoiyeneba rogorc

Semsqelebeli da agreTve rogorc kulturis

niadagi mikrobiologiaSi. agaris erT-erTi

49

ZiriTadi fraqcia _ agaroza gamoiyeneba gel-

qromatografiaSi da eleqtroforezSi.

amrigad, polisaqaridebis farTo gamoyeneba

soflis meurneobaSi, kvebis mrewvelobaSi, medi-

cinaSi, bioteqnologiaSi, qimiur mrewvelobaSi da

a.S. gansazRvravs maT ufro Rrmad Seswavlas da

adamianis sakeTildReod gamoyenebas.

literatura

1. kvesitaZe g., kvesitaZe e. bioteqnologia, Tb.,

1999.

2. nucubiZe n. bioteqnologiis kursi, Tb., 2009.

3. Asano Y. Gene engineering application to protein and biopolymer production// Food. Ind. – 1987 – v. 30 – N24 – p. 65-72.

4. Easson Jr., D. Davidson, Peoples Oliver P., Rha Cho K., Sinskey Anthony J. Engineering of biopolymer flocculants: a recombinant DNA approach// Floccul. Biotechnol. and Separ. Syst. Proc. Int. Symp., San Francisco, Calif., July 28-Aug. 1, 1986 – Amsterdam e.a., 1987 – p. 369-380.

5. O’Callaghan D., Maskell D., Beesley J.E., Lifely M.R., et al. Characterization and in vivo behaviour of a Salmonella typhimurium aro A strain expressing E. coli K1 polysaccha-ride// FEMS Microbiol. Lett. – 1988 – v. 52 - №3 – p. 269-274.

6. New company to engineer carbohydrate polymers// Biopro-cess. Technol. – 1988 – v. 10 - №5 – p. 9.

7. Trends in Biotechnology – 1987 – v. 5 - №11 – p. 309-314. 8. Biotechnology Letters – 1987 – v. 9 - №5 – p. 373-375.

50

9. Manufacturing Chemist. – 1985 – v. 56 - №12 – p. 9. 10. Techgram Japan – 1985 – v. 2 - №16 – p. 39. 11. Biofutur. – 1985 - №40 – p. 15. 12. БИКИ – 1985 - №68 – с. 6. 13. Biotechnology in Japan New Service – 1987 – v. 5 - №5 – p.

6-7. 14. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung – 1988 - №25 – p. 1305-1308.

reziume

polisaqaridebis sxvadasxva Tvisebebis farTo

speqtris gamo maT farTo gamoyeneba hpoves

teqnikaSi sazeTi masalebis komponentebis saxiT,

navTobmompovebel mrewvelobaSi emulgatorebis

da Semsqelebeli agentis saxiT, mrewvelobis

safeiqro, parfiumerul-kosmetikur da poligra-

fiul dargebSi da gamoiyeneba rogorc saRe-

bavebis da saRebarebis sasqelebeli.

medicinaSi farTod gamoiyeneba rogorc

simsivneebis sawinaaRmdego saSualebebi. zemo-

aRniSnuli miuTiTebs axali kvleviTi proeqtebis

ganxorcielebaze bioteqnologiis dargSi.

51

Профессор Георгий Элиава,

Профессор Теймураз Буачидзе

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ НОВОГО НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ

БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ – ПОЛИСАХАРИДНОЙ ИНЖИНЕРИИ

Грузинский технический университет

Резюме

С появлением биотехнологии значительно расширилось

разнообразие получаемых полисахаридов. Из микроорга-

низмов были выделены десятки новых полисахаридов с

уникальной структурой и специфичностью, имеющих

исключительно важное значение.

На смену полимерам, получаемым из нефтехимического

сырья, приходят биополимеры. Полисахариды широко

используются в качестве эмульгатора и сгущающего агента

в нефтедобывающей промышленности, как загуститель

красок и красителей в текстильной, парфюмерно-косме-

тической и полиграфических отраслях промышленности.

Полисахариды, являясь регуляторами биологических про-

цессов, выделились в класс лекарственных соединений,

которые применяют при лечении раковых заболеваний.

52

Professor Giorgi Eliava, Professor Teimuraz Buachidze

PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF NEW DIRECTION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY – POLYSACCHARIDE ENGINEERING

Georgian Technical University

Summary

The variety of received polysaccharides has been significantly enlarged with the appearance of biotechnology. Dozens of new polysaccharides of the prime importance with unique structure and specific character has been extracted from microorganisms.

Biopolymers have changed polymers received from petrochemical raw materials. Polysaccharides are widely used as emulsifiers and thickeners in the oil-producing industry, as thickener of dyes and colorants in textile, perfume-cosmetic and polygraphic branches of industry. Polysaccharides, being the regulators of biological processes, are separated as the class of medicinal compounds, which are used during the treatment of cancerous diseases.

53

profesori giorgi eliava profesori Teimuraz buaCiZe

fermentebis producentebis skriningis sakiTxisaTvis

saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti

bolo dros gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eqceva

Tanamedrove molekuluri biologiis da moleku-

luri genetikis miRwevebis danergvas mrewvelo-

baSi, soflis meurneobasa da medicinaSi. Sedegad

warmoiSva axali samecniero-teqnikuri mimarTule-

bebi, rogoricaa bioteqnologia, genuri inJineria,

inJineruli enzimologia, romlebic iyeneben mecni-

erebis miRwevebs meurneobaSi.

maRali sisufTavis fermentebi bioqimiuri reaq-

tivebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani jgufia, romlis

gareSe SeuZlebelia samecniero-kvleviTi samuSao-

ebis Catareba molekuluri biologiis da genuri

inJineriis dargebSi [1,2,3,12]. garda amisa, es prepa-

ratebi, rogorc wesi, Sedian bioqimiuri reaqtive-

bis analizur nakrebSi da gankuTvnilia seriuli

klinikuri analizebisaTvis.

maRali sisufTavis fermentuli preparatebis

miRebisaTvis mniSvnelovania maRalteqnologiur

doneze moxdes:

_ produqciis SerCeva da seleqcia;

54

_ sakvebi niadagebis da kultivirebis pirobebis

optimizacia;

_ fermentebis gamoyofa da gasufTaveba.

maRali sisufTavis fermentebis miReba SesaZle-

belia an kompleqsuri preparatebis funqcionire-

bis gziT, romelic tardeba fermentul mrewvelo-

baSi, an specialurad SerCeuli StamebiT _ produ-

centebiT, romlebic axorcieleben `samizne~ fer-

mentis sinTezs. magaliTad, SeiZleba ganvixiloT

iseTi teqnikuri fermentuli preparatebi, ro-

goricaa amilosubTilini da protosubTilini (Ba-

cillus subtilis), peqtofostidini (Aspergillus foetidus) da

sxva [2]. am kompleqsuri fermentuli preparatebi-

dan SeiZleba gamovyoT maRali sisufTavis Ziri-

Tadi fermenti [9]. magram aseTi gziT miRebuli

fermentebis raodenoba ar aris didi.

es ujredgareSe fermentebia. maRali sisufTa-

vis ujredSiga fermentebis miRebisaTvis es meTo-

di gamouyenebelia. SesaZloa mxolod SerCeuli

Stam-producentis mier miznobrivi fermentis

mimarTuli biosinTezi misi Semdgomi mizanmi-

marTuli gamoyofiT sxvadasxva meTodiT.

pirveli etapia fermentebis ise rogorc sxva

biologiurad aqtiuri nivTierebebis skriningi

sxva bunebrivi wyaroebidan (niadagis, wylis

sxvadasxva biologiuri masalebis nimuSebi da(an)

koleqciuri Stamebisa).

55

producentebis skriningi mimdinareobs or eta-

pad. pirvelze gamoyofen mikroorganizmebs, rom-

lebsac potenciurad sasargeblo Tvisebebi aqvT.

amisaTvis saWiroa swrafi, sakmarisad mgrZnobiare

da iafi meTodebi. pirveladi skriningis Semdeg

saWiroa meoradi skriningi. meoradi skriningis

dros arCeven mikroorganizmebs, romlebsac axasia-

Tebs saWiro fermentis biosinTezis sakmarisi do-

ne (4). SerCeva xdeba sxvadasxva meTodebiT. am miz-

nisTvis gamoiyeneba seleqciuri niadagebi, romel-

Ta erT-erTi komponentia fermentis substrati,

romlis producentis seleqciasac axdenen. maga-

liTad, mananazas producentebis gamoyofisaTvis

gamoiyeneba sakvebi niadagebi sacxobi safuaris

mananiT, rogorc naxSirbadis erT-erTi wyaro [7].

celulozas producentebis gamoyofa xdeba

agarizebul niadagebze Seferili celuloziT [4],

amilazebis producentebis – niadagze Seferili

saxamebeliT [8], ureazis _ niadagebze SardovaniT

[10].

bunebrivi wyaroebidan fermentebis producen-

tebis SerCeva da mravali koloniis aqtivobis

Seswavla SeiZleba daCqarebuli iqnas fermentuli

aqtivobis gansazRvris eqspres-meTodebis gamo-

yenebis gziT. maT xSirad ar axasiaTebs maRali

sizuste, magram aris saSualeba avirCioT Stamebi,

romlebic axdenen saZiebeli fermentis produ-

cirebas. pirveladi skriningis Sedegad SeirCeva is

56

kulturebi, romlebsac SeuZliaT saWiro fermen-

tis sinTezi. es kulturebi warmoadgenen varian-

tebis (klonebis) populacias, romlebic gansxvav-

debian fiziologiuri TvisebebiT da fermentuli

aqtivobiT.

seleqciuri niadagebis da kultivirebis seleq-

ciuri pirobebis gamoyenebisas xdeba producen-

tebis bunebrivi gadarCeva. bunebrivi gadarCevis

meTodis arsi mdgomareobs populaciidan iseTi

mikroorganizmebis gamoyofaSi, romlebic gark-

veul pirobebSi yvelaze sicocxlisunariani da

produqciuli arian.

im SemTxvevaSi, roca saWiro niSani ar aris

biologiurad sasargeblo organizmisaTvis da

amitom SeuZlebelia SevqmnaT pirobebi, romlis

drosac xdeba avtomaturad saWiro variantebis

SerCeva. mimarTaven xelovnuri SerCevis bunebrivad

warmoSobili formebis mutantebis SerCevas.

producentis spontanuri cvalebadobis Seswav-

la mniSvnelovani nabijia aqtiuri variantis Ser-

CevaSi. amis gareSe SeuZlebelia seleqciuri muSa-

obis Catareba mutagenuri faqtorebis gamoyenebiT,

kulturis aqtiur mdgomareobaSi didi drois

ganmavlobaSi Senaxva. TiToeuli Stamis popula-

ciaSi Warbobs variantebi, romlebic tipuria

mocemuli StamisaTvis. amasTan erTad, aris aqti-

uri koloniebi, romlebic miekuTvneba morfolo-

giurad Secvlil tipebs. rigi samuSaoebi miZRv-

57

nilia mocemuli movlenis Seswavlas antibio-

tikebis producentebSi _ aqtinomicetebSi, miceli-

umian sokoebSi [6]. g. kvesitaZis da Tanaavt. Sro-

mebiT Aspergillus niger 475 spontanuri cvalebadobis

Seswavlisas sami morfologiuri variantidan ga-

moyofili iyo erTi, romelsac axasiaTebda γ-ami-

lazas ramdenadme gazrdili aqtivoba [5]. Staphy-

lococcus Suprophyticus ureazas producentis kulti-

virebisas igi ixliCeba or morfologiurad sxva-

dasxva variantad, romelSic erTi 5-jer met urea-

zas producirebs, vidre sawyis populaciaSi [10].

maSasadame, mikroorganizmebis bunebrivi cvale-

badobis Seswavlam daadgiina kavSiri producentis

morfologiasa da misi fermentuli aqtivobis do-

nes Soris. aRniSnuli garemoeba gvaZlevs saSua-

lebas advilad (koloniis garegani saxis mixed-

viT) avirCioT fermentebis producentebis ufro

aqtiuri variantebi.

literatura

1. bakuriZe a., kvesitaZe e., RaRaniZe d., Tanamedrove bioteqnologiis Sesavali, Tb., 2009.

2. kvesitaZe g., kvesitaZe e., bioteqnologia, Tb., 1999.

3. nucubiZe n. biotenologiis kursi, Tb., 2009.

4. Йоматене Р., Василяускас Ю. // Тез. II съезда генетиков и

селекционеров Литвы. Вильнюс, 1977, с. 4-5.

58

5. Квеситадзе Г.И., Квачадзе Л.Л., Павленишвили М.Д., Ко-

ридзе В.В.// Микробиология, 1981, т. 50, №5, с. 807-811.

6. Орлова Г.И., Алехова Т.А., Данилина Е.М., Силаев А.Ю. //

Антибиотики, 1982, т. 27, №5, с. 12-17.

7. Павлова И.Н., Миньякова Н.З. //Прикл. биохим. и микро-

биол., 1980, т. 16, №4, с. 578-583.

8. Калунянц К.А.// Журн. Всесоюз. хим. об-ва им. Менделе-

ева, 1982, т. 27, с. 675-678.

9. Фирантене Р.К. Выделение и очистка эндо-1,3-1,4 глю-

коназы Bacillus subtilis. Aвтореферат дис... канд. биол.

наук. Вильнюс, 1981.

10. Юодвальките Д.-С.Ю., Гальвидис И.Ю., Глемсна А.А. //

Микробиология, 1983, т. 32, №4, с. 579-585. 11. Nakayama K. //Biotechnology, 1981, vol. 1, p. 355-410. 12. Old K.W., Grimrose S.R. Principles of Gene Manipulation,

Oxford, London, Edinburgh: Bostor Palo Alto, Melbourne, 1985.

reziume

maRali sisufTavis fermentebis miReba SesaZle-belia an kompleqsuri preparatebis fraqcio-nirebiT, an specialurad SerCeuli StamebiT, rom-lebic axorcieleben miznobrivi fermentis gaZli-erebul sinTezs. miznobrivi fermentis mimarTuli biosinTezi efeqturi gzaa maRali sisufTavis Sigaujreduli fermentebis misaRebad.

59

Профессор Георгий Элиава

Профессор Теймураз Буачидзе

К ВОПРОСУ СКРИНИНГА ПРОДУЦЕНТОВ

ФЕРМЕНТОВ

Грузинский технический университет

Резюме

Скрининг продуцентов ферментов состоит из двух

этапов.

На первом этапе выделяют микроорганизмы, которые

потенциально обладают полезными свойствами.

На втором этапе отбирают те микроорганизмы, которые

характеризуются достаточным уровнем биосинтеза

целевого фермента.

Professor Giorgi Eliava

Professor Teimuraz Buachidze

TO THE PROBLEM OF ENZYME PRODUCERS SCREENING

Georgian Technical University

Summary The screening of enzyme producers consists of two stages. At the first stage those microorganisms are separated that have

potentially useful properties.

60

At the second stage those microorganisms are selected that are characterized by the sufficient level of biosynthesis of targeted enzyme.

61

s a r C e v i

d. megreliZe. bunebis dacvis mniSvneloba da misi

roli mozardis harmoniuli aRzrdis saqmeSi;

v. qiria. momsaxurebis bazris saxelmwifoebrivi

regulireba;

a. isakaZe, g. eliava, l. berulava. sxvadasxva seleq-

ciurobis beta-adrenoblokatorebis moqmedebis me-

qanizmi;

r. mJavanaZe, l. berulava, g. eliava. antianginaluri

saSualebebis zogierTi jgufis moqmedebis meqanizme-

bi da maTi gamoyeneba sareabilitacio praqtikaSi;

g. eliava, T. buaCiZe. peqtolizuri fermentebis miRe-

bis siRrmuli da zedapiruli xerxebis SedarebiTi

Sefaseba;

g. eliava, T. buaCiZe. bioteqnologiis mimarTulebis –

polisaqariduli inJineriis ganviTarebis perspeqti-

vebi;

g. eliava, T. buaCiZe. fermentebis producentebis

skriningis sakiTxisaTvis.

62

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

Д. Мегрелидзе. Важность защиты природы и ее роль в деле

гармонического развития подростков;

В. Кириа. Государственное регулирование рынка услуг;

А. Исакадзе, Г. Элиава, Л. Берулава. Механизмы действия бета-

адреноблокаторов разной селективности;

Р. Мжаванадзе, Л. Берулава, Г. Элиава. Механизмы действия

некоторых групп антиангинальных средств и их использование в

реабилитационной практике;

Г. Элиава,Т. Буачидзе. Сравнительная оценка глубинных и по-

верхностных способов получения пектолитических ферментов;

Г. Элиава,Т. Буачидзе. Перспективы развития нового направле-

ния биотехнологии – полисахаридной инжинерии;

Г. Элиава,Т. Буачидзе. К вопросу скрининга продуцентов фер-

ментов;

63

C O N T E N T

D. Megrelidze. The importance of nature protection and its role in

the harmonic development of adolescents;

V. Kiria. Government regulation of service market;

A. Isakadze, G. Eliava, L. Berulava. Mechanisms of action of beta-

adrenoblockers with various selectivity;

R. Mzhavanadze, L. Berulava, G. Eliava. Mechanisms of action of some

groups of antianginal drugs and their use in the rehabilitation practice;

G. Eliava, T. Buachidze. Comparative evaluation of depth and surfa-

ce methods of receipt of pectolytic enzymes;

G. Eliava, T. Buachidze. Prospects of development of new direction

of biotechnology – polysaccharide engineering;

G. Eliava, T. Buachidze. To the problem of enzyme producers scre-

ening.