Martin Seifert

Referent: M. Seifert, SVGW

Small Scale LNG

Market Opportunities

Update ISO Global Standards

for LNG Filling Stations

Shyreen Dahoe, Secretary of ISO PC 252

Martin Seifert, Chairman of ISO 252


The metrics of a LNG refuelling station

Capacity: 50 100 m3 LNG storage

Average time for filling storage 1-2 hours

Tank pressure: 6 10 bar/Temperature: -150oC

LNG-Dispensing: 150 200 l/min

Investment costs: 1.2 2 Mio Euro

Small Scale LNG


3 Referent: Martin Seifert, SVGW

Drivers and Barriers

Diversification of vehicle fuel Chain Reduction of local emissions by running hecvy duty applications

Locomotives Goods transports Canal ships Diversification of NG sources Backup, peak-straving (on per day basis) LNG advantages in density substitution of Diesel Ship fuelling Virtual pipelines to remote regions Easy LNG-transport on road rail cars, barges for neau shore or river transport

Small Scale LNG



Drivers and Barriers

Lack of framework regulations for LNG on Land and rivers in the EU/Transportation of LNG on road, canals and rail still

not harmonized

Subsidies/tax exemption-reductions for LNG- Infrastructure build up

No harmoniezed standards for LNG/LCNG refuelling stations

No approved standards for on board equipment on vehicles

Small Scale LNG


Typical Small Scale LNG Total L-CNG stations in Europe: 30

CNG, mainly for Passenger

And Light Duty Vehicles

LNG, Heavy Duty Vehicles


The Landscape

The use of LNG as a vehicle fuel is one of the fastest growing sectors of the NGV industry

Rapid technical advances

Broad scope of possible applications:

- Heavy duty vehicles

- Rail locomotives

- Marine applications: Ship propulsion

But........

Very interesting for peak shaving

Key technology for satellite gas distribution systems


And the Key is

LNG transport on the road

LNG transport on ships (inland shipping)

LNG transport on rails


Standards

What is it.........Bloody Boring!!!

Who wants zo know about standards processes?

Who wants to participate?

But we need them for:

- The Authorities. Assist regulators/

ease approvals

- For Commissioning

- Maintaining safety and reliability


Standards

Permanent working in progress

Never finished


Safety considerations

Flammable Vapour: Thermal radiation from ignited LNG vapours/Explosions

Cryogenic fluid (T


Requirements for the use Containments: Primary containment with appropriate

materials and engineering design/Secondary

containment preventing leaks such that the area affected

is minimized

Minimize the frequency and size of LNG release and the consequences

Risk analysis

Detection of gas and fire

Safety concept with alarms

Emergency shutdown/equipment isolation

Hazardous zones (avoiding ignition sources)

Separation distances

Training

Maintenance


Current Standards in the LNG Field

EN 13645: Installations and equipment for LNG Design of onshore installations with a storage capacity between 5-200t

EN 1473: Installation and equipment for liquified natural gas-design of onshore

installations

Referent: M. Seifert, SVGW 13

Shyreen Dahoe

Secretary ISO/PC 252

Martin Seifert

Chairman ISO/PC 252

Current Status of Refuelling Station Standards

LNG


Start-up ISO/PC 252 & RCS (1)

14

New work item proposal submitted

to ISO by the NGV Global in 2008.

Adopted on 18th June 2009 and ISO

structure established to carry out

the work.

Chairman: Martin Seifert (Swiss

Water & Gas Association)

Mandatory

Voluntary


UN Structure for NGV Regulations

United Nations

Economic

Commission for

Europe

(UN / ECE)

Inland

Transport

Committee

Working

Party.29 World Forum for

Harmonization of

Vehicle Regulations

Working Party

on Pollution

and Energy

(GRPE)

Regulation 115

Working Party

on General

Safety

Provisions

(GRSG)

Regulation 110


Start-up ISO/PC 252

16

UN / ECE

United Nations

Economic

Commission for

Europe

ISO

International

Organization

Standardization

TC58

CNG

cylinders

ISO 11439

ISO 19078 TC22/SC25

Road vehicles

using

LPG, CNG, LNG H2

TC22

Road Vehicles

TC220

Cryogenic

vessels

(Working

Groups 1,2,3)

WG3 CNG

vehicle

components

WG1 NGV

connector

WG1

CNG Fuelling

Stations

WG2

LNG & L-CNG

Fuelling Stations

Liaison Liaison

WP.29

Inland

Transport

Committee

GRPE

Working Party

on Pollution and

Energy

R-115: Retrofit/

Installation

GRSG

Working Party

on General

Safety Provisions

R-110: CNG

fuel systems

WG4 LNG vehicle

components

(incl.

Connector)

PC252

CNG & LNG

Fuellng

Stations

TC193

Natural Gas

Characteristics

Adapted from: Harmonization of ISO Standards and UN Regulations: New on-board

components for CNG, H2 and CNG-H2 blends,

A. Bassi, SINTESI , March 2008.


ISO

International

Organization

Standardization

WG7 Compatibility

between gases

and material

WG10 Fitting of

valves to

gas

cylinders

SC4 Operational

requirements

for vehicle

SC3

Cylinder

design

TC220 Cryogenic

vessels

WG1

Design and

construction

WG2

Operational

requirement

s

WG3

Supporting

standard

SC2

Cylinder

fitting

WG25

Welded

stainless steel

cylinders

WG17

CNG cylinders

for road

vehicles

WG5 Periodic

inspection by

ultrasonic

examination

Liaison

ISO/DIS 19078.2 ISO/DIS 16148.2

Liaison TC58 CNG cylinders

WG27

Composite

cylinders

WG3 Methods for

inspection and

requalification of

NGV fuel gas

container

WG2 Retesting of

cylinders by

acoustic emissions

Adapted from: Harmonization of ISO Standards and UN Regulations: New on-board components for CNG,

H2 and CNG-H2 blends , A.Bassi, SINTESI, March 2008

ISO Standards Structure for Fuel

Storage: Cryogenics & CNG

TC22/SC25


ISO-Standards Work


Scope of ISO/PC 252 & Work

Program

19

Design, construction and operation of stations

for fuelling CNG/LNG to vehicles; including

equipment, safety devices and maintenance.

ISO/PC 252 Natural gas fuelling

stations for vehicles

WG 1 CNG stations

for fuelling

vehicles

WG 2 LNG stations

for fuelling

vehicles

ISO/PC 252 Natural gas fuelling

stations for vehicles

WG 1 CNG stations

for fuelling

vehicles

WG 2 LNG stations

for fuelling

vehicles

ISO/WD

16923(: ) ISO/WD

16924(: )

Internal Liaisons

- ISO/TC 22/SC 25

- ISO/TC 220

- ISO/TC 58 SC 3

& 4 - ISO/TC 193

- CEN/PC 252

External

Liaisons

- NGV Global

- OIML

- UN WP .29

GRSG

45 Experts 17 P-members

13 O-members


Small Scale LNG

Update ISO Global Standard for Natural-Gas Filling

Stations

Progress in the creating of ISO/PC 252: Natural Gas fuelling Stations for Vehicles (including fuel station

design, construction, operation, equipment, safety

devices and maintenance)

Solving restrictions (limited infrastructure available for delivery and distribution at fuelling stations) for LNG

vehicles by harmonizing requirements for such

infrastructure and open up global markets for this

cleaner technology


Small Scale LNG

Date: 2011-11-27

ISO/WD-16924 Revision 9d

ISO/TC 252/ WG 2

Secretariat: NEN

Natural Gas Fuelling Stations LNG Stations for fuelling Vehicles Part x: Part title

Warning

This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for

review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be

referred to as an International Standard.


Structure of ISO 16924 LNG Station standard


Status Draft Standards & Issues (2)

LNG

Definitions

Type approval

Risk assessment & safety distances

Self-service installations

Parameters for dispensing (P, T)

Periodic inspection

Gas quality

Vehicle refuelling appliances (VRA)

Odorization

Metering

Venting of NG to the atmosphere


Specifics LNG vehicle fuelling standard (1) ISO/WD 16924 (: )

LNG storage tank

Pumps & Commonalities

Odorization LCNG interface On-going

Boil-off gas handling equipment To be started

Mobile LCNG On-going

Mobile LNG & storage

Safety distances To be started

Operating pressure:

Several existing systems ISO/CEN?

LNG quality No standards


Small Scale LNG


Small Scale LNG

Combined LNG and CNG Dispensing


Small Scale LNG


Small Scale LNG

Fig 2: Thermo siphon arrangement Fig 3: Conventional arrangement (the lower line

should be changed for to eliminate upwards

siphon.)

Pump arrangements


Fuel Quality Issues LNG

Ships engines especially dual fuel require constant quality, high purity, high methane number

LNG for safe and economic operation

For constant power to provide manoeuverability

Without engine knock (damage, efficiency loss)

While all other transport fuels are subject to strict specifications, LNG in general is not. There is a need

for LNG fuel standardization like in the USA (fuel

grade)

Think of EN standards for petrol, diesel, biodiesel, ... and EU Fuel Quality Directive. And what about

manufacturers warranties?


LNG Fuel Quality

Fuel Grade LNG: methane 97.0 mole % ethane 1.0 mole % total inert gases 2.0 mole % (US industry standard)

Experiences in countries like USA,

Australia, China, Japan, UK, Norway


Critical Issues for Small Scale

LNG

Risk analysis in a standardized form: 1. For the equipment

2. For the site specific aspects

Hazardous zones: Eex-document with safety distances

Internal and external safety distances


Still a long list of Critical Issues


And on top of that:

Self Dispensing of LNG

Multifuel Stations/Integration of LNG

Distances to other Fuels and their Dispensers

Storage Limits for Small Scale LNG

Blow Of Limitations/Use of Blow Off Gas


Summary Worldwide: The technologies for handling LNG are there

LNG production, transportation, unloading, dispensing technically solved, safe, reliable

Europe: Big issue LNG distribution infrastructure in continental Europe

Trend: Small scale LNG refuelling network

Trend: Small scale liquefaction, pipeline liquefaction

Trend: LNG first movers: ships

Barrier: Prices of equipment/Economics of transport/LNG prices at terminals

Barrier: Consistent normative and regulatory framework for LNG in general



Thats the End

Any Questions left?

[email protected]

Martin Seifert

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