Lever2008
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Transcript of Lever2008
S: Types of Levers
LeversMay 16, 2008
~ Archimedes
Give me a place to stand and I will move the Earth.
Objectives1. Analyze and label the parts of a lever
2. Provide examples of first, second and third class levers.
3. Calculate and determine the mechanical advantage of a lever.
Forces in Machines
A simple machine is an unpowered mechanical device, such as a lever.
Lever
A bar that is free to move about a fixed point Parts of a lever
Fulcrum – The fixed point of a lever Effort Arm – The part of the lever that the effort
force is applied to (measured from the fulcrum to the point at which the force is applied)
Resistance Arm – The part of the lever that applies the resistance force (measured from the fulcrum to the center of the resistance force)
Anatomy of the lever
Fulcrum – point around which the lever rotates Input Force – Force exerted ON the lever Output Force – Force exerted BY the lever
Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) – What the mechanical advantage of a machine would be if there were no energy lost due to friction
IMA = length of effort arm = le . length of resistance arm lr
By using the length of the effort arm and the resistance arm you can find the ideal mechanical advantage. We can find the ideal mechanical advantage of any simple machine by dividing the effort distance by the resistance distance.
There are 3 types of levers
1st Class Levers 2nd Class Levers 3rd Class Levers
1st Class LeverThe fulcrum is located between the Fe and the Fr. First class levers can multiply force and distance.Examples: Scissors, see-saw
2nd Class Lever
The resistance is located between the effort force and the fulcrum. These levers multiply the force but the direction stays the same.Example: Wheelbarrow
The effort force is located between the fulcrum and the resistance. The effort arm is always shorter than the resistance arm so it cannot multiply the force and the MA is always less than 1.Examples: Rake, hockey stick
3rd Class Lever