Human Locomotion

Human Locomotion

• Involves the movement of – Bones – Cartilage – Muscles – Tendons – Ligaments

• It allows humans to move from place to place

Human Skeletal System

• It contains bones of many different shapes and sizes – Purposes

• Support and protection of body structure

• Anchors muscle action • Leverage fo body

movement • Produces blood cells in

the marrow

Cartilage • Connective tissues

– It is flexible and elastic– It give support – Flexibility of joints – Cushions effects in joints

• It makes up most of the body’s skeleton

• By adulthood most of the cartilage is taken over by bones – Found:

• End of ribs• Nose • Ears• bronchi • Trachea

Human Muscular System

• There are three types of muscles in the human body – Visceral

• Smooth in appearance • Involuntary in action

Human Muscular System

• Cardiac muscles – Involuntary in action – Striped in appearance

• Heart etc………………

Human Muscular System

• Skeletal Muscle– Appearance

• Voluntary in action • Striped in appearance

– Controlled by the central nervous system

– They are used to move bones in a coordinated manner

– Muscles usually operate in pairs

• Which “pull” on the bones on either side

– INCLUDE » Extenders- which

extend the limbs » Flexors – return the

limbs (bend the joints)

Tendons

• Made up of connective tissues

• They are tough, inelastic

• They connect the muscle to the bone

Ligaments

• Made up of tough elastic connective tissue

• Able to stretch slightly during joint movement

• Connect bones at joints such as – Elbows fingers knees

Problems that effect the Skeletal System

- Arthritis

- Tendonitis

Arthritis

• Inflammation of the joints causing swelling an horrible pain – Cam occur at a young

age – Usually occurs when

old

Tendonitis

• Inflammation (swelling) of the tendons usually at the bone attachment – Caused by physical

stress and irritation to the spot

– Common in athletes