Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1 > HOME...
-
Upload
shona-oneal -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
2
Transcript of Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1 > HOME...
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
1<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Content Vocabulary
Pneumocystis carinii (PCP)
Kaposi’s sarcoma
AIDS dementia complex
protease inhibitors
intravenous (IV) drug abuse
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
2<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, or AIDS,
was first observed in the 1970s and has spread rapidly to more than 100 countries and every inhabited continent of the globe.
• Teens are currently the most rapidly growing group for infection with both HIV and AIDS.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
3<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. A person is diagnosed with AIDS when a specific set of criteria is met.
HIV Infection and AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
4<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• A person with an HIV infection may be healthy for years with the virus present in the body.
• A diagnosis of AIDS results with the destruction of the immune system.
HIV Infection and AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
5<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
How HIV Destroys Immunity• When first infected, the HIV virus incubates in the
body for several weeks but causes no symptoms, or causes a flu-like illness.
• An HIV test at this time, the window period, may be negative. The infection, however, can still be passed to others.
• After months or years of infecting T cells and reproducing, HIV destroys immunity.
HIV Infection and AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
6<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
The Diagnosis of AIDS• AIDS is usually first detected when the person is
diagnosed with a disease that is typical of an AIDS carrier.
• The first symptoms of AIDS often include fatigue, appetite loss, weight loss, and a nagging cough.
• Yeast infections of the mouth, throat, or vagina are common in later stages of AIDS.
HIV Infection and AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
7<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• Pneumocystis carinii is the disease that often first brings people with AIDS to the physician.
The Disease of AIDS
HIV Infection and AIDS
Pneumocystis carinii (PCP)A type of pneumonia characteristic of AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
8<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• Kaposi’s sarcoma is one of the diseases characteristic of AIDS.
The Disease of AIDS
Kaposi’s sarcoma
A normally rare skin cancer causing a purplish discoloration of the skin
HIV Infection and AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
9<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• HIV can make its way to the brain and nervous system causing AIDS dementia complex.
The Disease of AIDS
HIV Infection and AIDS
AIDS dementia complexThe mental disorder, resulting from an attack by HIV on the brain and nerves.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
10<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
New drugs and drug combinations can help people with AIDS remain healthy.
Treatment and Life with AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
11<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Treatment and Life with AIDS
• Antivirus drugs, such as AZT (zidovudine) can reduce the level of HIV in the blood.
• The lower the level of HIV in the tissues and blood, the slower the progression of AIDS.
• AZT’s effects only last about a year before the virus becomes resistant to the drug.
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
12<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• Today, the best medical treatment is a combination of drugs, including those of the AZT family, a group known as protease inhibitors, and others.
Combination Treatments
Treatment and Life with AIDS
protease inhibitorsDrugs that stop the action of an enzyme which ordinarily helps HIV to reproduce
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
13<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
A Threat of Resistance• Health care providers are concerned that HIV will
become resistant to medications.• If HIV patients fail to take their medications as
prescribed, then the virus may become resistant to the drugs.
Treatment and Life with AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
14<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Other Concerns• Drugs used to treat HIV and AIDS are expensive.• Without adequate insurance, the majority of those
infected cannot afford proper medical treatment.• Researchers are trying to develop an effective,
inexpensive HIV vaccine.
Treatment and Life with AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
15<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Living with HIV• First, accept the diagnosis of HIV.• Decide whom to tell and how.• Be ready for changes and possible discrimination.• React to losses with courage.
Treatment and Life with AIDS
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
16<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
HIV can be transmitted in several ways, but not through casual contact.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
17<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Ways HIV is NOT Transmitted• HIV is NOT transmitted through:
– Casual contact such as shaking hands.– Insect bites.– Touching shared objects such as toilet seats.– Donating blood using sterilized needles.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
18<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Sexual Transmission• A single sexual encounter with an infected partner
can infect a healthy person with HIV.• The presence of STDs can increase the risk of
contracting HIV.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
19<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Needles• The sharing of needles among people who
practice intravenous (IV) drug abuse is the second most common way to contract HIV.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
intravenous (IV) drug abuseThe practice of using needles to inject drugs of abuse into the veins
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
20<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Needles• Unsterilized needles used for any purpose are
dangerous, including the needles of acupuncture, tattooing, body piercing, and electrolysis.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
21<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Pregnancy, Childbirth, Breastfeeding• HIV can be transmitted to infants in three ways:
– During pregnancy– During childbirth– While breastfeeding
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
22<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Blood Traces• Only traces of whole cells are needed to transfer
HIV from person to person.
• Semen commonly carries HIV, but so can small amounts of blood—the amount you see sometimes when brushing your teeth, for example.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
23<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
Blood Transfusions and Tissue Transplants• Those who received blood or tissue before 1985
risked being infected with the virus.
• Today, advances in screening donors have resulted in a safe blood supply.
Transmission of the HIV Virus
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
24<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• The mental disorder resulting from an attack by HIV on the brain and nerves is called __________.
AIDS dementia complexThe mental disorder resulting from an attack by HIV on the brain and nerves
Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary
Glencoe Making Life Choices Section 2 HIV and AIDS
Chapter 16 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
25<< BACK NEXT >>HOME
• ____________ is a normally rare skin cancer causing a purplish discoloration of the skin, seen commonly among people with AIDS.
Kaposi’s sarcomaA normally rare skin cancer causing a purplish discoloration of the skin
Section Review: Reviewing the Vocabulary
glencoe.com
Home
End of
Chapter 16 Section 2