Eukaryotic Cells Animal and Plant. Cell/Plasma Membrane Thin covering that surrounds the cell ...
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Transcript of Eukaryotic Cells Animal and Plant. Cell/Plasma Membrane Thin covering that surrounds the cell ...
Eukaryotic CellsAnimal and Plant
Cell/Plasma Membrane Thin covering that surrounds the cell Controls movement of materials in and
out of cell
Cell Wall Additional, inflexible, external boundary
that provides protection and support Plants = cellulose Fungi = chitin Animal cells DO NOT have cell walls!
Nucleus Manages cell function with DNA = Master
instructions for building proteins
Surrounded by nuclear envelope – double membrane to protect DNA
Contains nucleolus (black)
Nucleoli (black)
Produces particles (ribosomes) involved in protein synthesis
Ribosomes Assemble enzymes and other proteins No membrane
Cytosol Semi-fluid material that surrounds
organelles Cytoplasm = cytosol + organelles
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Folded systems of membranes that
transports Rough ER = with ribosomes Smooth ER = without ribosomes
Package proteins into vesicles for transport
Golgi Apparatus Closely stacked, flattened membrane
sacs that receive and modify newly synthesized proteins & lipids from ER vesicles
Repackages into new vesicles and distributes to organlles, storage or outside the cell
Vesicles Lysosomes
Membrane-bound bags that digest excess or worn out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria
Vesicles - continued Other types of vesicles
Vacuoles – Sac of fluid surrounded by a membrane
Space for temporary storage of materials
Contractile vacuole – contract & dispose of excess water in cell
Endosomes – pockets formed from cell membrane
Mitochondria Location of cellular
respiration/breakdown of organic molecules to transfer energy to ATP
Found in every eukaryotic cell/more numerous in cells that are more active.
Powerhouse of the Cell!
Central Vacuole Stores water, nutrients, waste products
& other materials in plants Enough water = maintains plant’s rigid
structure
Chloroplasts Found in cells of green plants & some
protists Transform light energy from the sun into
usable chemical energy (sugar/starch) through photosynthesis
Contain chlorophyll = Green pigment that traps energy from the sunlight
Cytoskeleton Support structure within the cytoplasm
Made of Microtubules (thin, hollow protein cylinders) and Microfilaments (thin, solid protein fibers)
Centrioles Special Microtubules Involved in cell division of animal cells
Flagella Structure adapted for locomotion Long projections out of plasma
membrane Whip-like motion
Cilia Structure adapted for locomotion Short, numerous, hair-like organelles Packed in tight rows with beating
activity coordinated