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Blast resistant structure
Presented by:
Praveen Kumar RCivil Engineering Department
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Blast Threats Types of threats
Terrorist threats
Petrochemical plants Accidents
War
Why are we concerned?
Events are rare, but consequences can be significant
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General Explosion Science Explosion
An explosion is a rapid release of stored energy characterized by a brightflash (thermal radiation) and audible blast.
Shock WaveThe rapid expansion of hot gases resulting from the detonation of anexplosive charge gives rise to a compression wave called a shock wave, whichpropagates through air.
Deflagration
Its an exothermic reaction (a moving flame front) which propagates from the
burning gases to the unreacted material by conduction, convection and radiation.
Detonation
Its an exothermic reaction characterized by the presence of a shock wave inthe material that establishes and maintains the reaction.
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Energy of Explosive
Thermal Energy
Kinetic Energy
Blast Energy
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Blast LoadsNeed to understand basic principles of blast loads and
their effects on structures for good design
To load the model correctly
Develop an accurate structural model
Correctly interpret analysis results
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Specific blast effects in defensive
structural design
Conventional structures are not normally designed to
resist blast loads
For example design snow loads range from about 5 psf to
about 50 psf.
The peak pressure in the blast pulse produced by 10 lb of
TNT at a range of approximately 348 psf!
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Blast Sequence
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Terminologies Stand- off distance
Refers to the direct unobstructed distance between a weapon and its
target
Height of burst
It refers to aerial attacks
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Blast load AT Blast
Nonlin
Blast load calculation R= minimum stand off distance
W= blast charge size
Scaled distance parameter=Z=R/0.33
By interpolating the scaled distance parameter with the
design curve, the equivalent design pressure impulses can
be calculated from the available charts.
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Test Methods
Open Arena-detonation of actual explosive device is required, should always beperformed by experienced blast engineering firm
Shock Tube-High pressure air pulses are released through a pipe or tube directed at thespecimen
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Blast Resistant Structural
Design
How different are seismic and blast effects on structures?
What is the role of structural ductility in blast resistance?
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Enhanced beam-tocolumn connection details for steelwork and reinforced concrete
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Blast resistant prefabricated units
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Conclusion The aim in blast resistant building design is to prevent the
overall collapse of the building and fatal damages
A building purely cannot be designed to be blast orballistic proof
The key is to limit the damage to an acceptable level
Good design is always a compromise between acceptable
damage and product cost
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Thank you