MATTER

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES & PHYSICAL

CHANGES

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES & CHEMICAL

CHANGES

Changes in Matter

VOCABULARY

• matter

• volume

• solid

• liquid

• gas

• physical property

• mass

• density

• solubility

• chemical property

WHAT IS MATTER?

• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

• Matter can have both physical and chemical properties.

STATES OF MATTER

• Volume is the amount of space a sample of matter occupies.

• A solid is a state of matter with a definite shape and volume.

• A liquid is a state of matter with a definite volume but not a definite shape.

• A gas is a state of matter without a definite shape or a definite volume.

SOLIDS

All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving.

In solids, particles vibrate back and forth in all directions.

LIQUIDS

In liquids, the distance between particles is greater and they can slide past one another.

GAS

In a gas, particles move freely

rather than stayingclose together.

WHAT IS A PHYSICAL PROPERTY?

PHYSICAL PROPERTY: EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

• Any characteristic of matter that you can observe without changing the identity of the substances that make it up

• State of matter• Temperature• Color• Size• Odor• Density• Volume• Malleability• Ductility• Solubility• Weight• Melting point• Boiling point

WHAT IS A PHYSICAL CHANGE?

• Physical change: A change in the size, shape, form, or state of matter that does not change the matter’s identity

• Matter can change in many physical and chemical ways.

• When a physical change occurs, the chemical properties of the matter stay the same.

PHYSICAL CHANGES CONT….

• Changes in the state of matter are physical changes.

• Melting and boiling are both changes in state.

• Changes in energy cause changes in the state of matter.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Chemical Properties describe a substance based on the ability to change into a new substance with different properties

Example:A piece of wood being burned will createnew substances of ash and smokeWood has the chemical property of flammability- the ability to burn

Common Chemical Properties…

FlammabilityNon flammabilityReactivity with oxygenReactivity with acidReactivity with water** Reactivity simply means that when 2

substances get together, something can happen!

REMEMBER!!!

**You can observe chemical properties ONLY in substances in which the identity of the substance could change

Comparing Physical and Chemical PropertiesSubstance Physical Property Chemical

Property

Helium Less dense than air Nonflammable

Wood Grainy texture Flammable

Baking soda White powder Reacts with vinegar to produce bubbles

Rubbing alcohol Clear liquid Flammable

Red food coloring Red color Reacts with bleach and loses color

Iron Malleable Reacts with oxygen

HOMEWORK-11/15/13

FIND ONE SUBSTANCE AT HOME THAT HAS BOTH A PHYSICAL PROPERTY AND CHEMICAL PROPERTY (USE NOTES TO VERIFY)

MAKE A SMALL CHART/LIST: Substance Physical Property Chemical

Property

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS

Scientific Law that states mass can neither be created or destroyed in a physical or chemical reaction

For example, when an antacid tablet reacts with water (alka seltzer) the mass of the water and the tablet before the reaction is equal to the mass of the remaining water and carbon dioxide gas after the reaction