ASSURE Model
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Transcript of ASSURE Model
ASSURE ModelASSURE Model
23/10/12
Instructional Design ModelsInstructional Design Models
ASSURE Model
Overview of InstructionalTechnology Terms
Overview of InstructionalTechnology Terms
¤ Instructional Technology: systemic and systematicapplication of strategies and techniques derived frombehavioral, cognitive, and constructivist theories to thesolution of instructional problems.
¤ Instructional Design: systematic development ofinstructional specifications using learning andinstructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction.
¤ Instructional Development: process of implementingthe design plans.
(Adapted from "Training and Instructional Design", Applied Research Laboratory, Penn State University)
DEFINITIONDEFINITION
““A lesson plan A lesson plan designed and designed and developed to create developed to create the most the most APPROPRIATE APPROPRIATE learning environment learning environment for the students.”for the students.”
Source: http://www.unca.edu/education/edtech/techcourse/assure.htm
ASSURE ModelASSURE Model
ASSURE model -an ISD process which has been adapted to be used in the learning and teaching in the classroom.
ISD process- can be used in designing and developing the most effective and suitable learning environment.
Can be utilised in the process of lesson planning as well as in improving the process of learning in the classroom.
ASSURE ModelASSURE Model
Developed by Heinich, Molenda, Russell & Smaldino (2002)
A procedural guide for planning & carrying out instruction , integrating technology into the T & L process
Systematic approach in writing up lesson plans
Help teachers organise instructional procedures and perform assessment of students’ learning
Analyze learners State objectives Select instructional methods, media,
and materials
Utilize media and materials Require learner participation Evaluate and revise
ASSURE ModelASSURE Model
Analyze LearnersAnalyze Learners
The target
- General characteristics- grades, age, ethnic composition, gender, whether they have mental, emotional, physical or social problems, socio economic status etc.
- Specific competency levels – prior knowledge, skills and attitudes
- Learning styles - Perceptual preferences and strengths, information processing habits, motivational factors and physiological
factors (Clymer, 2007)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICSGENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
No. of Students: No. of Students: 3535
Grade:Grade: Form 4 Form 4
Gender:Gender: Female and MaleFemale and Male
LevelLevel :: IntermediateIntermediate
Exceptionalities:Exceptionalities: Diverse Technological SkillsDiverse Technological Skills
Cultural / Ethnic:Cultural / Ethnic: Multi - CulturalMulti - Cultural
•http://www.engr.ncsu.edu/learningstyles/ilsweb.html
• To find out what learning styles they have, students can To find out what learning styles they have, students can visit this website :visit this website :
Questions to ask :
a. What is the learners’ knowledge base?b. Do learners have basic technology
competencies before entering this level?
c. Have learners mastered the items you are about to teach?
d. What are learners’ misconceptions on the subject?
Analyze LearnersAnalyze Learners
Objective clarificationOnce students are identified, begin writing the objectives of the lesson. Objectives are the learning outcomes, that is, what will the student get out of the lesson?
The ABCD's of writing objectives (Mager, 1984)are:
Audience (who are the students?) Behavior to be demonstrated Conditions under which the behavior will be
observed Degree to which the learned skills are to be
mastered.
State ObjectivesState Objectives
Focus on learner and not teacher Behaviours must reflect real life
concerns and issues. The objectives help to :
a. identify learners’ expectationsb. identify necessary requirementsc. assess learningd. determine needs for appropriate
materials and media
State ObjectivesState Objectives
Select Methods, Media & Materials
Select Methods, Media & Materials
What media on, what material, what method?
Instructional method that what the teacher feels is most appropriate to meet the objectives for these particular students.
Media that would be best suited to work with your instructional method, the objectives, and your students. Media could be text, still images, video, audio, and computer multimedia.
Materials that provide students with the help they need in mastering the objectives.
Materials might be purchased and used as they are or they might need some modifications.
Design and create own materials for the students to use.
Materials would be specific software programs, music, videotapes, images, but would also be equipment, i.e., overhead projector, computer, printer, scanner, TV, disc player, VCR, and so on.
Select Methods, Media & Materials
Select Methods, Media & Materials
Should be selected following students’ needs
Follow learning objectives Appropriate for teaching Consistent with learners’ learning styles
& capabilities Match the curriculum Accurate & current Motivated and maintaining interest Free from biasness
Select Methods, Media & Materials
Select Methods, Media & Materials
Utilise Media & MaterialsUtilise Media & Materials
Time to conduct the lesson and use the media and materials that are selected.
Always preview the materials before using them
Use the equipment in advance to be sure it works and teachers know how to use it.
Utilise Media & MaterialsUtilise Media & Materials
Don't get discouraged if technology lets the planning down.
Be sure to have a plan B
Emphasize on usage of audio & video
Make sure that the instructional materials are suitable and working it to the most efficient
Utilise Media & MaterialsUtilise Media & Materials
Use the 5 P’s :
a. Preview the materialb. Prepare the materialc. Prepare the environmentd. Prepare the learnerse. Provide the learning experience
Require Learner Participation
Require Learner Participation
Incorporate questions and answers, discussions, group work, hands-on activities, exercise, simulation, quiz
Listen to the students and allow them to become aware of the content. Allow them to learn as opposed to trying to "teach" them.
• Divide the class in pairs.Divide the class in pairs.
•Explain the activity: create a Explain the activity: create a lesson plan using the ASSURE lesson plan using the ASSURE MODEL.MODEL.
•Explain the Explain the rubrics that will assess that will assess their output.their output.
•Distribute the easel paper and Distribute the easel paper and markersmarkers
Require Learner Participation
• Organize the groups into the Organize the groups into the order of presentation.order of presentation.
• Set up work according the Set up work according the environment.environment.
• Grade the presentation according Grade the presentation according to the predetermined rubric.to the predetermined rubric.
Require Learner Participation
• Role playing improves retention of information over lecture
presentation (Quinsland, 1986)
• Students with lower reading skills did as well on tests as students with higher reading skills, if they interacted with the material. (Dowaliby & Lang, 1999)
Require Learner Participation
Evaluate & ReviseEvaluate & Revise
Often neglected – but important one Users’ feedback
- The expectations might be too high or too low. - The materials used might not have been appropriate for the grade level or the material might not be very motivating.- The instructional strategy might not have got students interesting in participation or the strategy might have been difficult for the teacher to manage. - The assessment used might have shown that students didn't learn what they should have
Evaluate students’ performance – have they achieved the learning objectives?
Evaluate media components – whether they help in achieving the learning objectives
Evaluate instructor performance – how does the teacher measure her performance to see if she has been an effective instructor?
Evaluate & ReviseEvaluate & Revise
• Formative Evaluation
• Summative Evaluation
• Attain Objectives?
• Attitude Towards Experience?
• Efficiency of Instruction?
Evaluate & ReviseEvaluate & Revise
Another modelsAnother models Hanaffin & Peck Dick & Carey Robert Glasea Rapid Prototyping Jerold Kemp Gerlach & Ely Branson Diamond Smith & Ragan Gentry Reiser & Dick Van Patten Leishin, Pollock & Reigeluth
ReferencesReferences
Heinich, Robert et.al. (2002). Instructional Media andTechnologies for Learning, 7th Edition, Prentice-Hall;
Gagne, RM, Briggs, L.J., & Wager, W.W. (1992) Principles of
Instructional Design, 4th Edition Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
Diamond, Robert M. Designing and Improving Courses and Curricula in Higher Education. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass, 1989.
Dale, Edgar. Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching, 3rd ed., Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, 1969, p. 108
Bruner, Jerome S. Toward a Theory of Instruction, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1966, p. 49
Thank youThank you
You are not a bad teacher if a lesson does not work. You are a bad teacher if you don't reflect upon your lessons and work on revising elements of the lesson until your students become successful learners.