iZulebiTi Sida migracia saqarTveloSi

problemebi da maTi gadaWris gzebisocialuri da garemosdacviTi aspeqtebi

irakli maWaraSvili

mdgradi sacxovrisis daarsebis iniciativa iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTaTvis

WooD Service Ltd, saqarTvelo.MiTek Industries, aSS30.10.08. samuSao Sexvedra, Tbilisi marioti

gamoyenebulia:

T. trieri, m. turaSvili, 2007, ekologiurimizezebiT adgilnacval pirTa gansaxlebaarsebuli problemis gadawyveta Tu axlisSeqmna? ekomigracia saqarTvelSi 1981-2006, European Centre for Minotiry Issues.

saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebriviresursebis saministros monacemebi.

saqarTvelos ltolvilTa da gansaxlebissaministros monacemebi.

mwvane alternativas kvlevebi.

iZulebiTi Sida migraciis mizezebi

politikuri ;

industriuli ganviTarebis proeqtebi;(didi hesebi, industriuli dasaxlebebi da sxv.)

stiqiuri ubedurebebi.

politikuri iZulebiTi Sida migracia XX da XXI saukuneSi

mTiani regionebis masobrivi represiebi koleqtivizacia mTiani regionebidan dablob

regionebSi (mag. Siraqis velze) gadasaxleba

deportacia (1941 w. qvemo qaTlis germanuli soflebi; 1944 w. e.w. Turqi mesxebi; 1949 w. pontoeli berZnebi afxazeTidan - sul 170 000 adamiani) da maT adgilas mciremiwiani regionebidan mosaxleobis Casaxleba

afxazeTidan da Sida qarTlidan iZulebiTi gadaadgileba omis Sedegad

1941 - qvemo qarTlis 12 yofil germanul sofelSi raWidan, leCxumidan da zemo imereTidan 2 390 komli daasaxles;

1944-45 - imereTidan da qarTlidan 5 500 komli daasaxles mesxeTSi;

1946-50 - afxazeTSi 4 200-ze meti ojaxi Caasaxles samegrelodan, imereTidan, raWa-leCxumidan da svaneTidan;

1941-1950 - mesxeTSi, qvemo qarTlsa da afxazeTSi Caasaxles daaxloebiT 60 000 adamiani;

1940 - gadaasaxles xevsureTis TiTqmis mTeli mosaxleoba, ZiriTadad Siraqsa da qvemo qarTlSi;

1921-1989 - javisa da axalgoris mTiani raionebis mosaxleoba 34.7%-iT Semcirda; daicala 114 sofeli.

represiebi da koleqtivizacia

afxazeTidan da Sida qarTlidan devnilTa

Casaxleba (1989-1993)

ekologiuri migrantebi / ekomigrantebi -pirebi, visac stiqiuri ubedurebis gamomouxdaT saxl-karis datoveba

ekomigrantebi

ekomigracia

1987 w. stiqiur ubedureba svaneTSi - didTovloba, zvavebi

zvavSi mohyva 2000 saxli; daiRupa 85 adamiani; evakuirebuli iqna 16 000 adamiani.

xelisuflebam gamoyo 300 milioni rubli kerZo pirTa, kompaniaTa da organizaciaTa

Semowirulobebi - 74 milioni rubli. daigegma 5700 saxlis aSeneba. daaxloebiT 2500 ojaxi sacxovreblad

gadanawilda marneulis, TeTriwyaros, bolnisis, sagarejos, gardabnis, dmanisis, kaspis, wyaltubos, xonis, ozurgeTisa da lanCxuTis raionebSi

ekomigracia

1989 w. stiqiur ubedureba mTian aWaraSi (xulos, Suaxevisa da qedis raionebis soflebSi)

mewyeri

dazaralda 5 657 ojaxi (24 287 adamiani)

gansaxlebis adgilebi: zRvispira aWara, guriis, Sida qarTlis, qvemo qarTlis, kaxeTis, imereTisa da javaxeTis regionebSi.

Mmerab kostavas fondi

1989-91 wlebSi mobilizebuli iqna 35 milioni rubli

samizne jgufebi: xelmokle ojaxebi, mravalSviliani ojaxebi, ekomigantebi

SeZenil iqna: 800 saxli, sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi, msxvilfexa pirutyvi.

maT Soris: javaxeTSi ninowmindis raioni 258 saxli (ekomigrantebi aWaridan);

afxazeTSi da qvemo qarTlSi ekomigrantebisvneTidan

1981 wlidan gansaxlebis saxelmwifo programisfarglebSi daaxloebiT 11 000 ojaxigadaasaxles (daaxloebiT 60 000 adamiani)

mciremiwianobis gamo migrantTa daudgeneliraodenoba, ZiriTadad aWaridan, damoukideblad gadasaxlda saqarTvelos sxvamxareebSi.

1980-ianebSi da 1990-iani wlebis dasawyisSiekomigrantTa mimRebi ZiriTadi regionebi -kaxeTi, imereTi, samegrelo, Sida qarTli, guria, samcxe da javaxeTi.

1990-iani wlebis meore naxevridan moyolebuli, migrantTa ZiriTadi mimRebi gaxda qvemoqarTli.

wyaro: ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis

saministros wliuri angariSi (2006)

1980-iani wlebis dasawyisidan saxelmwifoprogramebiT ganisazRvra saqarTvelos 17 raionSi 55 axali soflis aSeneba.

unda aSenebuliyo 5094 saxli, faqtobrivadaSenda 3090; maTgan 2723 saxli dasaxlebulia, darCenili 367 Senoba carielia.

280 dagegmili saxlis mSenebloba saerTod ardawyebula, xolo 1724 saxli dausrulebelidarCa.

wyaro: ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis

saministros wliuri angariSi (2006)

1987 wlidan 4 284 ojaxs unda mieRo axali saxli

realurad: dabinavda 2 880 ojaxi; aSenda 3 090 saxli.

saxlebis dausruleblobis gamo ver dakmayofilda 1 155 ojaxi

ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministrosmonitoringis monacemebi

arasaxarbielo garemo (bunebrivi) pirobebi; konfliqtebi politikur, eTnikur da socialur

niadagze;

sakuTrebis uflebebi gaurkvevelia; rTuli ekonomikuri pirobebi, umuSevroba; miwis da tyis resursebis ar aris

xelmisawvdomi / sakmarisi;

sasmeli da sarwyavi wylis deficiti; ugzooba; energomomaragebis problemebi; samkurnalo da saswavlo dawesebulebi ar aris

xelmisawvdomi;

cudi sacxovrebeli pirobebi.

CasaxlebulTa problemebi da

maTi mizezebi

saxlebi dausrulebelia;

saxlebi erTgvarovani da mouxerxebelia;

dizainis gamo SeuZlebelia gaTboba;

mwiri Semosavlis pirobebSi SeuZlebeliasaxlebis SekeTeba/sacxovebeli pirobebisgaumjobeseba

sacxovrebeli pirobebi

sof. disveli, bolnisis raioni

disveli lemSveniera

xatisofeli

ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministros sainformacio baza

bunebrivi kataklizmebis Sedegad dazaralebuli da saswrafo gadasaxlebis aucileblobis winaSe mdgari ojaxebi

kategoriebi:

I. stiqiuri ubedurebis Sedegad saxli an misi nawili dangreulia;

II. stiqiuri ubedurebis Sedegad saxli dazianebulia, sacxovreblad gamousadegaria da aRdgenas ar eqvemdebareba;

III. stiqiuri ubedurebis Sedegad saxli dazianebulia, magram aRdgenas eqvemdebareba;

IV. saxli dauzianebelia, magram saxlis mimdebare miwis nakveTi ganadgurebuli da gamoyenebisaTvis uvargisia.

dazianebuli saxlebi kategoriebis mixedviT

bolo 30 wlis manZilze sxvadasxva xarisxisstiqiuri procesebis saSiSroebis riskis qveSmoeqca 3 aTasamde dasaxlebuli punqti, daaxloebiT 400 000 ojaxi

yovelwliurad qveynis ekonomikisaTvismiyenebuli zarali saSualod 100-150 mln aSSdolari

2004 weli- zarali 300 mln aSS dolari

garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebissaministro

aramdgradi sasoflo-sameurneo praqtika

usistemo urbanizacia

wiaRis mopoveba

tyis Warbi Wra

stiqiuri proesebis xelSemwyobianTropogenuli faqtorebi

saSeni masalebis deficiti

xe-tyis da qviSa-xreSis maragebi limitirebulia

bunebrivi resursebis mopoveba xdeba maragisSefasebis gareSe

ar tardeba garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefaseba dastrategiuli garemosdacviTi Sefaseba

problemebi !!!

gmadlobT yuradRebisaTvis

iZulebiTi Sida migraciis mizezebipolitikuri iZulebiTi Sida migracia XX da XXI saukuneSiekomigraciaMmerab kostavas fondi wyaro: ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministros wliuri angariSi (2006) wyaro: ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministros wliuri angariSi (2006) CasaxlebulTa problemebi da maTi mizezebi sacxovrebeli pirobebi sof. disveli, bolnisis raioniltolvilTa da gansaxlebis saministros sainformacio baza bunebrivi kataklizmebis Sedegad dazaralebuli da saswrafo gadasaxlebisdazianebuli saxlebi kategoriebis mixedviTgmadlobT yuradRebisaTvis