Ema McDaniel

PresentPresent Stem ChangesStem Changes Irregular “yo”Irregular “yo” Saber vs. ConocerSaber vs. Conocer ReflexiveReflexive ““se” Impersonalsse” Impersonals Dipthongs with accentsDipthongs with accents Verbs like… -uir/guir, cer/cir, ger/girVerbs like… -uir/guir, cer/cir, ger/gir

Hace +___+ gustaHace +___+ gusta Ser vs. estarSer vs. estar ImperfectoImperfecto

Irregulars Triggers

PreteritePreterite Irregulars Car/gar/zar, cucaracha, snake y

snakey, spock triggers

Comparatives/ superlativesComparatives/ superlatives FutureFuture

Irregulars triggers

• -ar o as a emos ais an

Los verbos regulares en el presente:

-er-er

oo

eses

ee

emosemos

eiseis

enen

-ir-ir

oo

eses

ee

imosimos

isis

enen

• “e” se convierte a “ie”• “e” se convierte a “i”• “o” se convierte a “ue”• “u” se convierte a “ue”

*Ojo!=No se cambian en el nosotros ni vosotros sol amente en “la bota”

Ir

Iba

Ibas

Iba

Ibamos

Iban

Ser

Era

Eras

Era

Eramos

Eran

Ver

Veia

Veias

Veia

Veiamos

Veiran

• Saber– To know– facts

• Conocer– To know – people

Ex: Juan sabe donde esta Maria.

Juan knows where Maria is.

Ex: Yo no se tu numero de telefono.

I don’t know you telephone number

Ex: Yo no conozco a Maria

I don’t know Maria

Ex: Alberto y Alfredo conocen Madrid

Alberto and Alfredo know Madrid

Los Reflexivos

me te

se nosos

seReflexives are what are reflected upon oneself or others.

“Se Impersonal”Passive voice

Se habla espanol

Reciprocal action“each other”Nos vemos

Common Impersonal Expressions:

-conviene que…

-es bueno que…

-es facil que…

Es importante que…

Dipthongs• Used when a weak vowel (i, y or u) and a

strong vowel (a, e or o) or two weak vowels come together to form one syllable.

Ex: esquiar- to skiYo- esquYo- esquioio Nos- esquiamosNos- esquiamos

Tu- esquiasTu- esquias Vos- Vos- esquiaisesquiais

El, ella, usd- esquiaEl, ella, usd- esquia Ellos- Ellos- esquianesquian

* Estudiar and * Estudiar and limpiar- There limpiar- There is no accent is no accent stress on the stress on the “i”.“i”.

Verbs like gustar-uir/guir, cer/cir, ger/gir

• Found in the present tense.

vowel + cer/cir verbs = c to zc

Ger/gir verbs: g to j

guir: gu to g

Would

Should

Could

Hace + time + gusta+ present

Shows the amount of time that an action took

•Hacer + the amount of time needed to complete the action +que + the present verb that is being completed at the time

Ser vs. EstarSoySoy

EresEres

EsEs

SomosSomos

SoisSois

sonson

EstoyEstoy

EstasEstas

EstaEsta

EstamosEstamos

EstaisEstais

EstanEstan

DOCTER PED

Descriptions, origin, characteristics, time, occupation, relationships, possession, events, dates

HELPING

Health, emotion, location, present condition, -ing

Imperfecto• -ar

– Yo- aba– Tu- abas– El, ella, ud.-aba– Nosotros- abamos– Uds.- aban

• yo- ia

Tu- ias

•El, ella, ud- ia

Nosotros- iamos

Uds- ian

*uncompleted action, no definite beginning or end, descriptive tense- who, what, where, and when

Triggers!!

Siempre

A menudo

Cadadia

Todos los dias

Iriba

ibamosibasIba iban

Ser

era eramos

eras

era eran

Ver

veia vieamos

veias

veia vian

Preterite

Used for completed past actions• Known beginning and/or end• “snapshot” of time

-ar endings

e

aste

o

amos

asteis

aron

-er and –ir endings

i

iste

imos

isteis

ieron

Types

Car- -> que

Gar -> que

Zar -> ce

Hacer

Hice

Hiciste

Hizo

Hicimos

Hicieron

Dar/ver

d/vi

d/viste

d/io

d/imos

d/ieron

Ir/ser

Fui

Fuiste

Fue

Fuermos

Fueron

Trigger words:AyerAnocheAnteayerLa semana pasado

Andar-anduv

Estar-estuv

Poder-pud

Poner-pus

Wuerer-quis

Saber-sup

Tener-tuv

Vener-vin

Snake

E to I

Ex: pedir, venir

O to u

Ex: morirSnakey

O to y

Ex: oir

E to y

Ex: creer

Comparatives and superlativesExpress comparisons and differences

menos adj que

El/la mas

adj de

mas

adj que

El menos

adj deBueno/a->mejor

Grande->mayor

Joven->menor

Viejo/a->mayor

El futuro

• Infinitive + e, as, a , emos, an

• The “will factor”• Vivir_____ =yo vivire• comer____• Hablar___

• Immediate future• Ir+a+infinitive• Ex:Voy a salir

Trigger words!

La semana

Proxima

Ano

Pasado ano

Manana

Irregular future

• DecirDecir dir-dir- to sayto say• HaberHaber habr-habr- there to be, to havethere to be, to have• HacerHacerhar-har- to make, doto make, do• PoderPoder podr-podr- to put, place, setto put, place, set• QuererQuerer querr-querr- to want, loveto want, love• SaberSabersabr-sabr- to leave, go outto leave, go out• TenerTener tendr-tendr- to haveto have• ValerValer valdr-valdr- to be worthto be worth• VenirVenir vendr-vendr- to cometo come

Infinitive:easaemosan