Post on 31-Dec-2015
description
Conflicts
Crusades
WHERE
Middle East
(Holy Land, Jerusalem)
WHEN
11th-13th Centuries
CAUSES
To restore the right of Christians to make pilgrimage to Jerusalem
Help Byzantine Emperor against the Turks
To gain some of the fabulous riches of the East
To gain new lands & trade routes
RESULTS
Hardened Muslim attitudes towrd Christians
Led to expansion of Ottoman Empire
Stimulated trade
Expanded use of money
Islamic learning went to the West
Opium War
Where
China
When
1839-1842
Causes
Britain had unfavorable balance of trade with China
China demanded Britain end opium trade
Results
Treaty of Nanking opened more Chinese ports to trade and gave Hong Kong to Britain
British gained right of extraterritoriality
China had to pay indemnity
Sepoy Mutiny
Where
India
When
1857
Causes
Indians were developing a sense of national identity
Insensitivity of British to Indian religious practices
Results
East India Co. forced to give up control
British gov’t took official control of India
Boxer Rebellion
Where
China
When
1899-1900
Causes
Chinese resented growing foreign interference
Boxers wanted to remove foreigners from China
Results
International force defeated the Boxers
China for forced to pay a large indemnity
Demand for reforms
World War I
Where
Europe
When
1914-1918
Causes
Nationalism
Imperialism
Alliances
Militarism
Assassination of Archduke
Results
Enormous human and economic losses
Treaty of Versailles Reparations
War guilt clause
Loss of territory and colonies
World War II
Where
Europe, Asia, Africa
When
1939-1945
Causes
Aggressive empire building
(Japan, Italy, Germany)
Appeasement
Results
Human losses
War crime trials
Occupied nations
United Nations created
Decline of colonial powers
Rise of superpowers
Chinese Civil War (Chinese Communist Revolution)
Where
China
When
1927-1949
Causes
Chiang Kai-shek [Jiang Jieshi] expelled communists and began a purge against them
People thought government under Chiang Kai-shek was corrupt
Results
Communists gain support of peasants
Centralized economic planning
Collectivization of farms
Great Leap Forward
Cultural Revolution
Korean War
Where
Korea
When
1950-1953
Causes
Korea was divided after WWII
North Korea invaded South Korea
Results
Stalemate
Remains divided
Demilitarized zone
Arab-Israeli Wars
Where
Middle East-Israel
When
1948-today
Causes
Zionist movement of late 19th century
Holocaust
Disagreement over land ownership
UN partition plan
Results
Many wars
Terrorist groups
Intifada
Attempts at peace
Indian-Pakistani Conflict
Where
Kashmir
When
1947-today
Causes
Hatred between Hindu and Muslims
Partition of British India
Dispute over border
Results
Three wars
Threat of nuclear war
Northern Ireland
Where
Great Britain
When
1922-today
Causes
Disagreement between Catholics and Protestants
Irish Catholics want independence
Results
Violence (Irish Republican Army)
Peace talks continue
Cuban Missile Crisis
Where
Cuba
When
1962
Causes
US policy of containment
Soviet Union was building bases to install nuclear missiles
President Kennedy ordered naval blockade
Results
World stood on brink of war
USSR backed down and removed missiles
Vietnam War
Where
Vietnam [Indochina]
When
1959-1975
Causes
France tried to reclaim Indochina after WWII
Ho Chi Minh lead nationalist movement
1954 Vietnam was divided
US supported South
Results
Vietnam fell to communists
Devastation of country
Vietnamese refugees
Civil War in Nicaragua
Where
Nicaragua [Central America]
When
1979
Causes
Repressive rule of Somoza family (1936-1979)
US backed anti-communist Somozas
Sandinistas overthrew the gov’t
Results
US secretly backed the anti-communist Contras
Many deaths
Weakened the Nicaraguan economy