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INDEX

Aalto, Alvar, 312, 396, 400sanitorium in Paimio, 266, 268Southwestern Agricultural Cooperative, 268Sanomat Newspaper Building, 268Viipuri Library, 268Villa Mairea, 313, 350Säynätsalo, 350church at Vouksenniska, 350

Abercrombie (Leslie Patrick) & Forshaw(John Henry)

Plan for London, 351Abrams, Charles, 381proposal for Urban Space Agency, 386

Abramovitz, Max, 343Academy, meaning of, 2Accademia del Disigno, 2Accademia de San Luca, 2, 36Academy of Science, France, 4, 5Ackerman, Frederick, 317Adam, James, 56, 58, 65, 93on “sentimental” architecture, 58

Adam, Robert, 32, 33, 38, 56, 58, 64, 65, 93Ruins of the Palace of the EmperorDiocletian, 58

“Adam style,” 58(with James Adam), The Works of Robert andJames Adam, 58

Adams, Henry, 187, 299Adams, John, 141Adams, John Quincy, 156, 157Adams, Thomas, 295Addams, Jane, 188, 293Addison, Joseph, 57, 64“Pleasures of Imagination,” 51

Adler & Sullivan, 190Auditorium Building, 164Getty Tomb, 164Wainwright Building, 164Guaranty Building, 166

Adler, Denkmar, 164, 279Adorno, Theodor, 378Agrest, Diana, 414

Åhrén, Uno, 268Ain, Gregory, 335, 346Aizpurúa, J. Manuel, 263Albers, Josef, 324, 333, 339, 400Alberti, Leon Battista, 3, 8, 20, 45, 64, 82, 324,

397Albini, Franco, 364, 376Museum of the Treasury of San Lorenzo,348

Alcott, Bronson, 153Aldrich, Henry, 48d’Alembert, Jean Le Rond, 13, 64“Preliminary Discourse,” 14

Alen, William vanChrysler Building, 287

Alexander, ChristopherNotes on a Synthesis of Form, 388“A City is Not a Tree,” 388A Pattern Language Which GeneratesMulti-Service Centers, 389

“The Synthesis of Form,” 396Algarotti, Francesco, 35, 92Alloway, Lawrence, 353, 364Ambaz, Emilio, 397, 411American academic reforms, 321, 322, 323American Congregational ChurchA Book of Plans for Churches andParsonages, 150

American Institute of Architects, 146, 160Americanism (Amerikanismus), 250, 251, 256,

258Anderson, MartinThe Federal Bulldozer, 386

Anderson, Stanford, 397, 412“Architecture and Tradition That Isn’t ‘TradDad,’” 389

André, Louis-Jules, 162Angell, Samuel, 77, 130Anker, Alfons, 286Annesley, Francis, 83Antionette, Marie, 184Apollinaire, 254, 255, 336

âpreté, meaning of, 6, 7, 12, 20Arbeitsrat für Kunst,founding of, 247, 250Exhibition of Unknown Architects, 248, 249

Archer, Thomas, 48Archigram, 367architecture parlante, 40Architectural Association, 114Ardrey, RobertAfrican Genesis, 390The Territorial Imperative, 390

Arens, Johann August, 93Argan, Giulio Carlo, 362, 378Walter Gropius e le Bauhaus, 347, 348

Aristotle, xv, 66, 166, 319Arnheim, RudolfArt and Visual Perception, 370

Arp, Hans, 267Arras, church of St.-Vaast, 18Artaria, Paul, 264Ashbee, Charles Robert, 174, 188, 189School of Handicraft, 174Guild of Handicraft, 174

ASNOVA, founding of, 239Asplund, Erik Gunnar, 346, 350Stockholm Public Library, 268

Atwood, Charles B.Reliance Building, 280

Aubert, Jean, 12Auer, Hans, 178, 219“The Influence of Construction on theDevelopment of Architectural Style,” 197

“The Development of Space inArchitecture,” 197

avant-garde, notion of, 78Averarius, Ferdinand, 227Aymonino, CarloLa Città territorio, 377La formazione del concetto di tipologiaedilizia, 377

Origine e sviluppo della città moderna, 377Monte Amiata Housing Complex, 378

483

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INDEX

Bachelard, Gaston, 399Backström, Sven“A Swede Looks at Sweden,” 350

Bacon, Edmund, 329, 340, 402Bacon, Francis, 14, 44Baalbek, 18Bähr, Georg, 92Bahr, Hermann, 213Bailly, Leon, 186Baird, George“Paradox in Regents Park: A Question ofInterpretation,” 373

Baird (George) & Jencks (Charles)“Meaning in Architecture,” 373Meaning in Architecture, 373

Bakema, Jacob, 357, 358, 359“Growing Dwellings,” 371

Baldwin, Benjamin, 329, 333Ballie Scott, M. H., 176Baltard, VictorHalles Centrales, 129

Barnes, Edward L., 328Banfi, Gian Luigi, 312Bangs, Jean Murray, 336Banham, Reyner, 226, 256, 307, 352, 353, 373,

376, 389, 402, 410definition of Brutalism, 353, 354“Neoliberty: The Italian Retreat fromModern Architecture,” 363, 364, 378

Theory and Design in the First Machine Age,364, 365

on Second Machine Age, 365“Stocktaking,” 366“On Trial,” 366“A Home is Not a House,” 366The Architecture of the Well-TemperedEnvironment, 367

The New Brutalism, 403Barbaro, Daniel, xvBarker, RogerEcological Psychology, 384

Barnes, Edward LarrabeeHaystack Mountain School of Crafts,391

Barnsdall, Aline, 288Barr, Alfred H., 254, 298, 299, 302, 310, 323,

329, 337review of Hitchcock’s Modern Architecture,300

foreword to International Style exhibition,301

exhibition “Cubism and Abstraction,”394

Barragán, LuisEl Pedregal, 345

Barrault, EmileAux Artistes, 79

Barrett, Thomas, 86Barry Charles, 87, 89, 150winning competition for Palace ofWestminster, 86

Travellers’ Club, 115Anthenaeum, 115Reform Club, 115

Barry, Joseph“Report on the American Battle betweenGood and Bad Modern Houses,” 336

Barry, Madame de, 42Barthes, RolandEléments de sémiologie, 371

Bartholdi, Auguste, 162Bartholomew, AlfredSpecifications for Practical Architects, 90

Bartning, Otto, 248, 273, 307Bartolini, Lorenzo, 153Basch, Victor, 255Basevi, George, 84Bateman, Dickie, 54“Battle of the Styles,” 90, 116Baudelaire, Charles, 193Baudot, Anatole de, 127, 129Bauer, Catherine, 254, 317, 320, 338, 382Modern Housing, 318

Bauer, Leopold, 205Bauhaus, 251, 310, 314, 323, 336, 345, 368,

394, 395, 406founding in Weimar, 248, 249early opposition in Weimar, 249, 250new emphasis on technology, 251first Bauhaus exhibition, 251, 252closing of Weimar school, 252relocation to Dessau, 252closing of Dessau schoolclosing of Berlin school, 306, 309founding of Hochschule für Gestaltung(HfG), 349

Baumann, Frederick, 164, 165, 279Baumeister, ReinhardStadterweiterung, 192

Bayer, Herbert, 323Bayer, Josef“Modern Architectural Types,” 200“The Style Crisis of Our Age,” 200, 201

BBRP (Gian Luigi Banfi, LodovicoBelgiojoso, Enrico Peressutti, ErnestoRogers), 312

Torre Velasca, 359, 364Beardsley, Aubrey, 176Beckett, Samuel, 216Beethoven, Ludwig von, 218Behne, Adolf, 243, 246, 247, 248, 253, 267,

271, 379Holländische Baukunst, 250“Mittelalterliches und modernes Bauen,”250

review of Bauhaus exhibition, 252Der moderne Zweckbau, 252, 253on Sachlichkeit, 252

Behrendt, Walter Curt, 295, 309Der Sieg des neuen Baustils, 274

Behrens, Peter, 211, 224, 225, 229, 230, 231,234, 240, 252, 253, 262, 266, 273, 299,308

artistic advisor at AEG, 231Turbine Factory, 232article in Scientific American, 232“Art and Technology,” 232, 233

Beidermeier revival, 231

Bélanger, François-Joseph, 95, 144Bellamy Edward, 318, 320Looking Backward, 2000–1887, 193

Belluschi, Pietro, 333, 334Sutor House,Equitable Savings and Loan AssociationBuilding, 338

Benevolo, Leonardo, 405, 406Storia dell’architettura moderna, 377

Benjamin, AsherAmerican Builder’s Companion, 145

Benjamin, Walter, 378, 406Bense, Max, 349Benson, William, 48Benson, William A. S., 173Benthan, JamesHistory of Gothic and Saxon Architecture inEngland, 85

Bentham, Jeremy, 78Benz, Gottlied, 238Berg, MaxCentennial Hall, 224, 246

Berlage, Hendrik Petrus, 218, 221, 243, 252,264, 275, 299, 325, 362, 365

Amsterdam Exchange, 182“Architecture and Impressionism, 219“Architecture’s Place in Modern Aesthetics,”219

Gedanken über Stil in der Baukunst, 219on architectural space, 219Die Grundlagen und Entwicklung derArchitektur, 220

on Sachlichkeit, 220Holland House, 241Kröller-Müller lodge, 241

Berlin Bauakademie (Architectural Academy),95

founding of, 94Bernardi, Theodore, 338Bernhard, Karl, 232Bernini, Gianlorenzo, 4, 46, 48Bestelmeyer, German, 307, 308Bettini, Sergio“Semantic Criticism,” 373

Beuth, Peter Christian, 95, 98, 100, 110Biddle, Nicolas, 148Bijvoet (Bernard) & Duiker (Johannes), 264,

300Chicago Tribune Competition entry, 286

Bill, Max, 349Bing, Samuel, 186, 212Le Japon artistique, 185Maison de l’Art Nouveau, 185, 186

Birkerts, Gunner, 330Federal Reserve Bank, 392

Blake, Peter, 332, 402God’s Own Junkyard, 384

Blesch, CharlesSt. George’s Episcopal Church, 150

Blondel, François, 15, 20, 24, 40, 41, 51, 65, 93,203

Cours d’architecture, 3, 7, 22first director of Royal Academy ofArchitecture, 2, 3

484




INDEX

against Perrault’s Louvre design, 7on Gothic architecture, 7on Desgodetz’s Les Edifices antiques deRome, 8

Blondel, Jacques-François, 23, 24, 28, 37, 41,64, 69, 93

De la distribution des maisons des plaisance,13

“Architecture,” 14Architecture François, 40convenance, 40theory of style (character), 40

Bloomfield, Julia, 414Bluntschli, Alfred Friedrich, 178Boccioni, Umberto, 325Bodiansky, Vladimir, 357Body, Wilhelm von, 249Bodley, George, 172, 174Boffrand, Germain, 41chapel at the Chateau de Lunéville, 23Livre d’architecture, 39theory of character, 39

Bofill, Ricardo, 373Bogardus, JamesSun Iron building, 152

Böhm, Dominikus, 262Böhm, Gottfried, 373Boileau-Despréau, Nicolas, 9, 57Boisserée, Sulpiz, 103, 178Geschichte und Beschreibung des Domes zuKöln, 89

Boito, Camillo“On the Future Style of Italian Architecture,”225

Bonomi, Joseph, 64Bonaparte, Jerome, 104Bonaparte, Napoleon, 67, 68, 70, 72, 78, 95,

104Bonatz, Paul, 230, 273, 275, 276, 308Tübingen Library, 307Stuttgart Railway Station, 307

Bonet, AntonioStudio apartments, 344

Booth, George, 329Bopp, FranzComparative Grammar, 133

BordeauxSaint-André, 6Piliers de Tutelle, 6

Boring, William, 322Borromini, Francesco, 48, 377, 378Bossom, Alfred C., 287Botta, Mario, 373Botta, Paul Émile, 133Bötticher, Karl, 201, 208, 245“The Principles of the Hellenic andGermanic Ways of Building,” 110, 111,112

on a new style, 111Die Tektonik der Hellenen, 112, 198“Development and Forms of HellenicTectonics,” 112

core-form/art-form, 112symbolism of Greek temple, 112, 113

Boullée, Étienne-Louis, 40, 41, 42, 63, 68, 69,82, 141

“Architecture, Essai sur l’art,” 41theory of character, 41

Bourgeois, Victor, 264, 273, 274Le Cité Moderne, 261

Bowman Brothers, 300Lux Apartments, 301

Boyd, John Taylor, 281Boyington, W. W., 164Bragdon, Claude, 280Architecture and Democracy, 294

Braham, Allan, 19Bramante, Donato, 7, 12, 352Braque, Georges, 394Brası́lia, 359, 360, 388Brayley, E. W., 86Brazini, Armando, 400Brébion, Maximilien de, 18Breuer, Marcel, 251, 252, 264, 265, 277, 314,324, 327, 332, 336, 337, 341, 355, 392, 399,412

Brewster, Kingman, 399Brezhnev, Leonid, 404Bridport, Hugh, 148Brinkman (Johannes) & van der Vlugt

(Leendert), 300Van Nelle Tobacco Factory Office Building,244

Brinkman, Johannes, Andreas, 244Brinkmann, Julius, 178Briseaux, Charles-Étienne, 22, 23Traité du beau essentiel dans les arts,20

Britton, John, 28, 149Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain,85

Broadbent, Geoffrey, 373Design Methods in Architecture (with ColinWard), 389

Broch, Hermann, 410Brongniart, Alexandre-Théodor, 146Brønsted, Peter Oluf, 75Reisen und Untersuchungen in Griechenland,77

Brooks, Cleanth, 400Brooks, Van Wyck, 292“On Creating an Usable Past,” 294

Brown, A. Page, 189Brown, Ford Maddox, 173Brown, Lancelot “Capability,” 61garden style, 59

Brühl, Graf, 96Brumwell, Su, 374Brunel, Marc, 99Brunelleschi, Filippo, 324Brünig, 305“Brutalism,” 392coining of term, 353

Bryant, GridleyBoston City Hall, 152

Bryant, William Cullen, 156Bryggman, Erik, 268, 350Buckingham, James, 293

Bulfinch, Charles, 140, 145, 149Massachusetts State House, 140Lancaster Meetinghouse, 140

Buls, CharlesL’Esthétique des villes, 193

Bülow, Cosima von, 138Bunschaft, Gordon, 329, 398Bunsen, Christian Carl Josias, 106Burckhardt, JakobGeschichte der Renaissance, 196

Burden, Jane, 172Burke, Edmond, 50, 61, 62, 64, 67, 92, 145Philosophical Inquiry into the Origin of ourIdeas on the Sublime and Beautiful, 56

on the sublime, 56, 57architectural theory, 57on proportion, 57

Burke, Kenneth, 293Burlington, 3rd Earl of (Richard Boyle), 48, 49,

52, 53, 64, 92, 150Burlington House on Piccadilly, 48rotunda at Chiswick, 49, 141Fabbriche antiche, 49interest in China, 54

Burn, William, 174Burne-Jones, Edward, 172, 173, 180Burnham, Daniel, 191, 382plan for Chicago,Flatiron Building, 281

Burnham (Daniel) & Root (John)Montauk Building, 280The Rookery, 280Monadnock Building, 296

Burri, Alberto, 353Butterfield, William, 122, 172Byfield, George, 68

Cacciari, Massimo, 405, 406Cage, John, 390Calder, Alexander, 330Calley, William L. 407Cambridge Camden Society, founding of, 90,

114influence in United States, 149

Campbell, Colen, 48, 141Vitruvius Britannicus, 48

Candela, Félix, 345Candilis, Georges, 357, 358Candilis (Georges) & Woods (Shadrich), 411Canova, Antonio, 71Caragonne, Alexander, 411, 412Carrà, Carlo, 262Carus, Carl Gustav, 99Carlisle, Lord, 53Carlyle, Thomas, 153Carmichel, StokelyBlack Power, 390

Carr, Jonathan, 175Carrey, Jacques, 24Carson RachelSilent Spring, 384

Carstens, Asmus Jacob, 94, 96Carter, JohnAncient Architecture of England, 85

485




INDEX

Carter, Peter, 352CASE (Conference of Architects for the Study

of the Environment), 397Case Study program, 335Cassirer, Ernst, 99, 373Castell, RobertThe Villas of the Ancients Illustrated, 52

Castro, Fidel, 326, 407Caumont, Arcisse deSur l’architecture du moyen-âgeparticulièrement en Normandie, 124

Caylus, Comte de, 23, 26, 31, 76Century Guild, 173Cetto, Max, 345Cezanne, Paul, 224, 336, 394Chalgrin, Jean-François-Thérèse, 105, 141Chalk, Warren,Challe, Michel-Ange, 32Chamberlin, Houston Stuart, 232Chambers, William, 23, 32, 40, 57, 64, 93, 140,

144, 145, 148Treatise on Civil Architecture, 50on proportions, 51Designs of Chinese Buildings, 55Plans . . . of the Gardens and Buildings atKew in Surry, 55

A Dissertation on Oriental Gardening, 55Champfleury, 129Chandigarh, 343, 359, 388Chandler, Alexander John, 289Chapellaz, René, 224Charcot, Jean-Martin, 198Charles X, 78Charton, Edouardlaunches Le Magasin pittoresque, 125

Chateaubriand, RenéLe Génie du christianisme, 85, 124

Chateauneuf, Alexis de, 178Checkley, George, 314Cheeseman, Wendy, 374Chenel, Pierre, 259Cheney, Mamah (née Borthwick, Mamah

Bouton), 222, 288Chennevières, Philippe de, 184Chermayeff, Serge, 333, 355, 389BBC Studios (with Raymond McGrath andWells Coates), 314

house in Bentley Wood, 314Chermayeff (Serge) and Alexander

(Christopher)Community and Privacy, 387

Chevreul, Michel, 119, 171, 212Chicago Columbian Exposition of 1893, 187,

188, 191, 209, 215Chicago Tribune Competition, 250, 279, 280,

282, 283, 285, 286China, British interest in, 54Chirico, Carlo de, 262Choay, Françoise, 373Chochol, Josef, 267Choisy, Auguste, 364, 365Histoire de l’architecture, 130

Chomsky, Noam, 414Chrysler, Walter, P., 287

Churchchill, Winston, 306, 326CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture

Moderne), 261, 264, 292, 314, 352, 353,362, 371, 373, 374

founding, 276La Sarraz Declaration, 2762nd conference (1929), Existenzminimum,277

3rd conference (1930), 2774th conference (1933), 277, 3555th conference (1937), 355Athens Charter, 277, 278, 3556th conference (1947), 3567th conference (1949), 3568th conference (1951), 3569th conference (1953), 353, 35710th conference (1956), 358CIAM: Research Group for Social and VisualRelationships” (1959), 358

dissolving of CIAM, 358, 359Cicero, xv, 100Citroën, André, 257Ciucci, Giorgio, 405Clapasson, André, 16Clarke, George, 48Claude, 62Clérisseau, Charles-Louis, 26, 58Coates, Wells, 314Cobb, Henry N., 328, 391Cobbett, William, 318Cochin, Nicholas, 16, 26Cockerell, Charles Robert, 75, 76, 83, 90, 105,

115, 145Ashmolean, Museum, 84Fitzwilliam Museum, 84St. George’s Hall, 84

Cockerell, Samuel Pepys, 83, 143Coderch, José AntoniaUgalde House, 346Casa de la Marina, 346

Codman, Henry, 187Cohn-Bendit, Daniel, 405Cointereaux, François, 223Colbert, Jean Baptiste, 2, 3–4, 8, 10Cole, Henry, 90, 114, 120, 123, 133, 135, 170,

171, 172, 177, 178, 180, 184, 230, 314planning for Great London Exhibition, 118critique of Schools of Design, 118founded The Journal of Design andManufactures, 118

assumes control of Department of PracticalArt (later Department of Art andManufacturers and Victoria and AlbertMuseum), 120

Cole, Thomas, 156Coleman, Harry, 408Collingwood, R. G.The Idea of History, 375

Collins, Peter, 115, 389The Changing Ideals of Modern Architecture,375

Concrete, the Vision of a New Architecture,375

meaning of eclecticism, 376

Colquhoun, Alan, 352, 373, 403Comte, Auguste, 78Conant, James B., 323Condé-sur-l’Escaut, church of St.-Vasnon,

18Condillac, Etienne-Bonnet de, 13, 14Connell & Ward, 314Conner, “Bull,” 407Contant d’Ivry, Pierre, 18design for Church of the Madeleine, 23

Constant (Victor E. Nieuwenhuys), 368Cook, ClarenceHouse Beautiful, 186

Cook, Peter, 367, 392“Plug-In City,” 367

Cooper, James Fenimore, 146Cope, Paul, 400Corbett, Harvey Wiley, 282, 286, 298Corbett, Mario, 398Cordemoy, Gerault de, 11Cordemoy, Jean-Louis, de, 16, 23, 208Nouveau traité de toute l’architecture,11, 12

Costa, LúcioMinistry of Education and Health, 344Brası́lia, 344, 360

Cottart, Pierre, 4Cotte, Robert de, 12Cret, Paul Philippe, 317Coughlin, Charles E., 329Courbet, Gustave, 224Cousin, Victor, 375Coustou Guillaume, 71Cowley, Malcolm, 293Coxhead, Ernest, 189Crane, David, 402“The City Symbolic,” 409

Crane, Walter, 188, 211, 212editor of Arts and Crafts Essays, 174The Claims of Decorative Art, 174

Creighton, Thomas H.disagreement with Elizabeth Gordon, 336,337

Crompton, Dennis, 367Curman, Carl, 182Cuvier, Georges, 127Cuypers, P. J. H., 219, 241

Dahl, Johan ChristianDenkmale einer sehr ausgebildetenHolzbaukunst, 182

Daimler, Gottlied, 238Dal Co, Francesco, xvi, 377, 405Dali, Salvador, 336Dallaway, JanesObservations on English Architecture, 85

Dallegret, François, 367Dalton, Richard, 25Daly, César, 176, 376founded Revue générale de l’architecture,125, 126

“On Liberty in Art,” 126attack on “rationalist” school, 129

Dance, George, 23, 32, 64

486




INDEX

Dante, 312D’Aronoco, Raimondo, 225Darré, Richard Walter, 308Darwin, Charles, 133, 167, 200, 205, 255Dautry, Raoul, 343David, Louis, 70, 71, 72Davidoff, Paul, 402“A Choice Theory of Planning,” 387

Davidson, J. R., 335d’Aviler, Augustin-Charles, 8Cours d’architecture, 13

Davis, Alexander, Jackson, 145, 150, 155, 157,158, 160, 187

Blithewood, 156Rural Residences, 156

Dawkins, James, 25, 27, 30, 53Day, Lewis F., 174De Bazel, K. F. C., 219Devrient family of actors, 132Deane, Thomas, 122Debord, Guy, 368De Carlo, Giancarlo, 376housing project for Matera, 358dormitories at Urbino, 360

De Fusco, RenatoArchitettura come mass medium, 373

Degas, Edgar, 336Delaunay, Robert, 394Délecluze, Jean, 124dégagement, meaning of, 6, 12, 20Delamonce, Ferdinand, 16De Milchelis, Marco, 405Department of Practical Art, 114, 170, 171De Morgan, William, 173Derand, François, 10Desgodetz, Antoine, 8, 25Les Edifices antiques de Rome, 8

Descartes, René, 14Rules for the Direction of the Mind, 1

De Sica, Vittorio, 362De Stijl movement, 242, 243, 244, 255Dewey, John, 167, 321, 323Democracy and Education, 293

Dickens, CharlesHard Times, 171

Diderot, Dennis, 13, 15, 19, 64, 375Encyclopédie, 13, 14, 28Pensées philosophiques, 13Lettre sur les avengles à l’usage de ceux quivoient, 14

on beauty, 22Didron, Adolphe-Napoléon, 124, 126Diem, Ngo Dinh, 326Dietrichson, Lorentz, 182Dinkeloo, John, 330, 392Diodorus, 24Döcker, Richard, 273, 276Dodwell, Edward, 74Doesburg, Theo van, 255, 267, 271, 272, 273,

325, 329Grundbegriffe der neuen gestaltenden Kunst,242

theory of color, 242stay at Weimar Bauhaus, 243, 244, 250

Dohme, Robert, 226, 228Das englische Haus, 180, 181Geschichte der deutschen Baukunst, 180

Dohrn, Wolf, 230, 233Donaldson, Robert, 156, 157Donaldson, Thomas Leverton, 115on eclecticism, 115

Door Manifesto, 357Dorfles, Gillo, 373Dorner, alexander, 323Douglas, C. H.Social Credit, 320

Downing, Andrew Jackson, 155, 156, 160, 187Treatise on the Theory and Practice ofLandscape Gardening, 156, 157

Cottage Residences, 157, 158on styles, 158Hints to Persons about Building in theCountry, 158

The Architecture of Country Houses, 158,159, 160

Doxiadis, Constantine, 381Dresser, Christopher, 172The Art of Decorative Design, 172The Principles of Decorative Design, 172

Drew, Jane, 359Drexler, Arthur, 397, 403, 411, 413Duban, Félix, 79, 80, 124Dubček, Alexander, 404Du Bois, Max, 253, 254Du Bois, Nicholas, 48Dubuffet, Jean, 353Duc, Louis, 79Dudok, Willem, 242Dufourny, Léon, 71Duhart, Emilio, 344Duhl, Leonard J.The Urban Condition, 384

Duiker, Johannessanatorium at Hilversum, 244, 268

Duke of Orleans, 13Dumont, Gabriel-Pierre-Martin, 16, 24Durand, Asher B., 156Durand, Jean-Nicolas-Louis, 68, 99, 103, 105,

132, 187, 397Recueil et parallèle des édifices en tout genre,anciens et modernes, 69

Précis des leçons d’architecture, 69fitness and economy, 70teachings at Ecole Polytechnique, 69method of design, 70

Dürer, Albrecht, 45, 179, 325Duschesne, André, 10Dutschke, Rudi, 404Dylan, Bob, 390

Eames, Charles, 329, 330, 333, 334, 335, 349,366

early furniture designs (with Eero Saarinen),334

house #8 (with Eero Saarinen), 335Eardly, Anthony, 397Eastlake, CharlesHints on Household Taste, 186

Ebert, Friedrich, 247Ecclesiologist, founding of, 90, 114Eckbo, Garret, 335Eckmann, Otto, 211Eco, Umberto“Function and Sign: The Semiotics ofArchitecture,” 373

Écochard, Michel, 357Ecole des Beaux-Arts,founding of, 68, 70

Ecole Polytechnique, 95, 103founding of, 68

Edelmann, John, 163Eesteren, Cornelis van, 244, 276, 355, 357Ehn, KarlKarl Marx-Hof, 266

Ehrenburg, Illya, 250Ehrlich, PaulThe Population Bomb, 390

Eidlitz, Cryus L. W.Times Tower, 281

Eidlitz, Leopold, 152St. Georges Episcopal Church, 150The Nature and Function of Art, MoreEspecially of Architecture, 166

organic theory, 166, 167Eiffel Tower, 111, 184, 223, 260Einstein, Albert, 321, 327Eisenhower, Dwight D., 326, 380Eisenman, Peter, 378, 394, 396, 411, 412“The Formal Basis of Modern Architecture,”396

“House I,” 412“House II,” 412“Notes on Conceptual Architecture,”414

Eitelberger, Rudolf von, 178, 179, 193Elgin, Earl of (Thomas Bruce), 74Elgin Marbles, move to London, 82, 147Elia, Mario Manieri, 405Eliade, Mircea, 399, 412Eliot, T. S., 400Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 153, 160, 161,

163, 164, 166, 167, 220, 294, 296,319

English Traits, 153“Nature,” 153“Self-Reliance,” 153architectural views, 153, 154

Emerson, William R., 187Emery, Pierre-André, 357Emmons, Donald, 338Empson, William, 401Seven Types of Ambiguity, 400

Endell, August, 211, 215, 234, 248Die Schönheit der grossen Stadt, 193“On Beauty,” 211“Possibility and Goal of a New Architecture,211

theory of empathy, 211Engels, Frederick, 173, 318Enlightenmentin France, 13in Germany, 91

487




INDEX

Entenza, John, 334, 411purchases California Arts and Architecture,334

Epstein, Ernst, 216Erdmannsdorff, Friedrich Wilhelm von, 93, 94Erlach, Fischer von, 92Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke, 214Esherick, Joseph, 338, 398, 399Eúgenia, Empress, 184expressionism, problems with term, 245Eyre, Wilson Jr., 187, 400

Fabiani, Max, 205, 206manifesto of realism, 205

Falke, Jakob von, 178Geschichte des modernen Geschmacks, 179Die Kunst im Hause (English trans. “Art inthe House”), 180, 186

Farnsworth, Edith, 336Fathy, HassanNew Gourna, 345Mit-el-Nasara, 345

Faulkner, Charles, 173Fechner, Gustav, 198Feininger, Lyonel, 249, 251, 282Félibien, André, 11Félibien, Jean-François, 10Recueil historique de la vie et des ouvragesdes plus célebres architectes, 11

Fernández del Amo, José Luis, 346Fergusson, James, 116Enquiry into the True Principles of Beauty inArt, 116

History of the Modern Styles, 116Ferriss, Hugh, 279, 286, 295sketches for new zoning law, 282Metropolis of Tomorrow, 287

Ferstel, Heinrich von, 178, 179, 200Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 99Reden an die deutsche Nation, 68The Vocation of Man, 95

Fiedler, Conrad, 208, 347, 348idea of space, 197

Field, George, 171Finsterlin, Hermann, 245Fiorentine, Mario, 348Fischer, Johann Michael, 92Fischer, Józef, 267Fischer, Karl von, 105Fischer, Theodor, 210, 224, 230, 243, 246, 270,

275, 307Fisker, Kay, 269, 350Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 281Flag, ErnestSinger Loft Building, 281

Fletcher, Alexander, 48Flitcroft, Henry, 53Fontaine, Andrew, 49Fontana, Carlo, 48Fontenelle. Bermard Le Bovier de, 15Footner, William, 149Forbat, Fred, 251Ford, Henry, 237, 238, 250, 253, 258, 259,

326

Ford, James & Katherine Morrow, 335, 338The Modern House in America, 327

Ford, Katherine Morrow“Modernism is Regional,” 327

Forster, Kurt W., 96Förster, Ludwigfounded Allgemeine Bauzeitung, 109

Fortoul, Hippolyte, 125Foster, Norman, 374Foster Associates, 374Fourier, Charles, 78, 223Fowke, Francis, 170Frager, Jasolav, 267Frampton, Kenneth, 331, 373, 397, 412, 414reply to Scott Brown’s “Learning from Pop,”410, 411

“Frontality vs. Rotation,” 412Francke, Kuno, 222Franco, General Francisco, 263Frank, Josef, 273Frank, Waldo, 269Frankl, Paul, 240Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania,

formation of, 147Franz, Prince Leopold Friedrich, 93Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 234Franz Josef, Habsburg Emperor, 192Franzen, UlrichAgronomy Building, Cornell University, 391Alley Theater, 391

Frascari, Marco, 364Fréart, Roland, sieur de Chambray, 3, 24, 46, 49Paralléle de l’architecture antique avec lamoderne, 1, 8

Frederick V, King of Denmank, 92Frederick, ChristineHousehold Engineering, 270, 271

Frederick the Great, 91, 92, 93Freud, Sigmund, 198Friedan, BettyThe Feminine Mystique, 407

Friedman, YonaL’Architecture mobile, 367

Friedrich Augustus, King of Saxony, 132Friedrich, Casper David, 96Friedrich Wilhelm II, King of Prussia, 94Friedrich Wilhelm III, King of Prussia, 96Friedrich Wilehlm IV, King of Prussia, 111,

132Frémin, Michel deMémoires critiques d’architecture, 11

Frézier, Amédée-François, 12, 16, 22, 23Fritsch, Baron von, 249Fritsch, K. E. O., 208Fry, Maxwell, 351, 359, 392Sun House, 314Miramonte House, 314

Frugès, Henri, 258Fuchs, Bohuslav, 267, 273Fuller & LaverNew York State Capitol, 152

Fuller, Buckminster, 293, 321, 333, 349, 366,374, 381, 392

Dymaxion house, 296, 297, 298, 365

founding of Shelter (formerly T-Square), 298involvement with Structural StudyAssociation (SSA), 298

Dymaxion automobile, 298Dymaxion bathroom, 333Wichita house, 333Nine Chains to the Moon, 333development of geodesic structures, 333dome at Expo ’ 67, 369

Fuller, Margaret, 153, 296Furness, Frank, 161, 163, 400University of Pennsylvania, Fine Arts Library,161

Furness & HewittPennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 161

Furness, William Henry, 161futurism, rise of 225

Gabetti (Roberto) & d’Isola (Aimaro), 376Bottega d’Erasmo, 362

Gabo, Naum(with Anton Pevsner) “The RealistManifesto,” 238, 239

Gabriel, Ange-Jacques, 18, 36, 37Gahn, Wolter, 268Gallé, Émile, 184, 186Gallen-Kallela, Akseli, 183Gallerie des Machines, 184, 260Gambrill, Charles, 162Gan, AlekseiKonstruktivizm, 239

Gans, Herbert J., 386, 402, 410The Urban Villagers, 385

Garbett, Eduard Lacy, 116, 122Rudimentary on the Principles of Design inArchitecture, 116

on “Tensile” system, 117Garcia, José Villagran, 344Gardella, Ignazio, 364, 376Tuberculosis Clinic, 312House on the Zattere, 348

Garnier, CharlesParis Opera, 184, 299

Garnier, Tony, 256, 257, 260, 325Cité Industrielle, 223

Gärtner, Friedrich, 103, 109, 130, 150State Library, of Bavaria, 105, 108, 109Ludwigskirche, 105, 106, 108, 109, 150

Gasset José Ortega yThe Revolt of the Masses, 352

Gaudı́, Antonio, 204, 362Gaugin, Paul, 211, 336Gauthey, Émiliant-Marie, 18Gautier, Théophile, 162Gazzola, Count Felice, 24, 30Geddes, Norman Bel, 300, 321Geddes, Patrick, 293, 318, 357Genelli, Hans Christian, 93, 94Gentz, Heinrich, 94George, HenryProgress and Poverty, 320

Gerard, AlexanderAn Essay on Taste, 57

German Nazarines, 106

488




INDEX

German architectural theory, rise of, 91German Werkbund, 229, 230Exhibition of 1914, 233, 234

Gerswin, George, 281Gesamtkunstwerk, 132Gesell, SilvioThe Natural Economic Order, 320

Gesellius, Herman, 183Ghyka, Matila, 344Gibbs, James, 48, 54, 145, 149Giedion, Sigfried, 195, 197, 243, 256, 267,

276, 277, 285, 302, 327, 328, 336, 356,357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 372, 375, 395,398

Bauen in Frankreich, 260, 261, 324Space, Time and Architecture, 264, 267, 324,325, 346, 349, 356, 394

Befreites Wohnen, 264idea of “space-time,” 325Mechanization Takes Command, 348A Decade of New Architecture, 348Walter Gropius: Work and Teamwork, 348Architecture: You and Me, 348“Spatial Imagination,” 349The Eternal Present, 349

Giedion-Welcker, Carola, 361Gilbert, Cass, 282, 286Woolworth Tower, 281

Gilbreth, Frank, 237Gigliotti, Vottorio, 377Gill, Irving, 190, 296, 337Banning House, 190Dodge House, 190, 290“The Home of the Future,” 190

Gilly, David, 23, 94, 95, 98Gilly, Friedrich, 23, 94, 97, 103, 144competition for monument to Frederick theGreat, 94, 95

“Some Thoughts . . . to Unify . . .Theory andPractice, 95

Gilman, Arthur Delavan“Architecture in the United States,” 150Review of Downing’s Cottage Residences,158

Gilprin, WilliamObservations on the River Wye, 60rules of picturesque beauty, 60

Ginkel, H. P. Daniel van, 357, 358Ginsberg, Allen, 408Ginsburger, RogerFrankreich, 275

Ginzburg, MoiseiRitm v arkhitekture, 240Stil’ I epokha, 240

Giolli, Raffaello, 312Giurgola, Romaldo, 399, 400Gloag, John, 314Gočar, Josef, 267Godefroy, Maximilian, 144, 149Godwin, Georgefounded The Builder, 116

Goebbels, Josef, 309, 310Goecke, Theodor, 246Goering, Hermann, 309

Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, 91, 93, 96, 97, 132,154

“Von deutscher Baukunst,” 85, 92Goff, Bruce, 366Goffman, ErvingBehavior in Public Places, 390

Göller, Adolf, 208, 211“What is the Cause of Perpetual StyleChange in Architecture?”, 201

Die Entstehung der architektonischenStilformen, 201, 202

Gombrich, Ernst, 373Goncourt, Edmond deLa Maison d’un artiste, 184

Gondoin, Jacques, 38, 40, 63, 144Ecole de Chirurgie, 37

Gontard, Karl von, 93Goodhue, Bertram Grosvenor, 282Goodwin, FrancisRural Architecture, 156

Goodwin, Georgeeditor of The Builder, 116, 180

Goodwin (Philip) & Stone (Edward Durrell)Museum of Modern Art, 329

Godwin, William“White House,” 175

Gonse, LouisL’Art japonais, 185

Gordon, Elizabeth, 336, 337, 338“The Threat to the Next America,” 336

Gores, Landis, 329Görres, Joseph, 110Gothic architectureearly appreciation in France, 6, 7, 10, 15,23

in 18th-century Britain, 54, 84in 19th-century Britain, 84in 19th-century France, 124in 19th-century United States, 149

Goury, Jules, 130Graeco-Gothic synthesis, 18Gräff, Werner, 250, 271, 274Graham, ErnestEquitable Building, 281

Graham, Gillespie, 87Graham, Martha, 298Grandelsonas, Mario, 397, 414“Semiotics and Architecture” (with DianaAgrest) 414

Granger, Alfred, 284Grasset, Eugène, 224Grassi, GiorgioLas construzione logica della architettura,379

Monza San Rocco (with Aldo Rossi), 379Graves, Michael, 397Hanselmann House, 412Benacerraf House, 412

Gray, EileenE-1027 house, 261

Great Exhibition of the Industry of All Nationsof 1851, 117

Greco, Saul, 378Greece, rediscovery of, 24, 29, 30

Green (Charles Henry) & Greene (HenryMather), 190, 337

Blacker House, 190Ford House, 190Gamble House, 190

Greenberg, Clement“Avant-Garde and Kitsch,” 352

Greene, Davis, 367Greenough, Horatio, 153, 160, 166letter to Washington Allston, 154“American Architecture,” 154“organic” theory, 154, 155Travels, Observations, and Experience of aYankee Stonecutter, 154

letter to Emerson, 154“Relative and Independent Beauty,” 154

Gregotti, Vittorio, 348, 362, 377Il territorio dell’architettura, 377

Griffin, Walter Burley, 286Grimm, Friedrich Melchior, 19, 23Gris, Juan, 394, 412Groberg, Robert P., 386Groot, Jan Hessel de, 219Gropius (Walter) and Fry (Maxwell)Impington Villege College, 314

Gropius, Ise, 323Gropius, Walter, 230, 232, 233, 234, 243,246, 247, 265, 269, 270, 273, 274, 275,276, 279, 295, 299, 300, 301, 302, 308,313, 314, 321, 323, 325, 332, 336, 337, 339,344, 355, 356, 357, 358, 365, 368, 379,381, 388, 392, 395

founding of the Bauhaus in Weimar, 249,250

Sommerfeld House, 251“Art and Technology, A New Unity,” 251Internationale Architektur, 252, 253Törten, 271“The Sociological Foundations of theMinimum Dwelling,” 277

Bauhaus Building, 301departure from Germany, 309arrival at Harvard, 323The New Architecture and the Bauhaus, 323changes at Harvard, 324house in Lincoln, 327“Packaged House” (with KonradWachsmann), 327, 328

Rebuilding Our Communities, 328Architecture and Design in the Age ofScience, 328

Scope of Total Architecture, 328The Architects Collaborative, 328

Gropius (Walter) & Meyer (Adolf)Otte House, 251Kallenbach House, 251theater in Jena, 251Chicago Tribune Competition, 284, 285

Group 7, 262Gruen, VictorNorthland Center, 340Southdale Shopping Mall, 340plan for Fort Worth, 340The Heart of Our Cities, 384

489




INDEX

Guadet, Julien, 364, 365, 397Eléments et théorie de l’architecture, 184

Gubler, Friedrich, 276Guêpière, Philippe de la, 92Guevara, Ernesto Che, 407Guizot, François, 80, 124Guntensohn, Johann, & Knapp, Johann MichaelDenkmale der christlichern Religion, 104

Gurlitt, Cornelius, 182, 208, 211Im Bürgerhaus, 181review of Adolf Göller’s theory, 202importance of “pure form” for architectureand art, 203

Gutman, Robert, 385, 411Gutman, Rolf, 358Gwathmey, Charles, 397own house (with Robert Siegl), 412

Hadefield, George, 145Haesler, Otto, 301Haffner, Jean-Jacques, 323Hähnel, Ernst, 132Halfpenny, WilliamNew Designs for Chinese Temples, 54

Hall, Edward T., 399The Silent Language, 389The Hidden Dimension, 389, 390

Haller von Hallerstein, Carl, 75, 94Hallet, Etienne-Sulpice, 141Halprin, Lawrence, 391, 399Cities, 384Lovejoy Plaza, 391Ghiradelli Square, 391Nicollet Mall, 391Sea Ranch, 391The RSVP Cycles, 391

Hamilton, Richard, 364, 410“Just What Is It That Makes Today’s HomesSo Different, So Appealing?”, 353

Hamilton, Thomas, 84Hampden, Walter, 294Hanlek, Josef, 267Hansen, Christian Frederick, 93Hardoy, Jorge Ferrari, 344Hardy, Hugh, 398Häring, Hugo, 252, 253, 269, 271, 273, 276, 374Gut Garkau, 272“Wege zur Form,” 270organic theory, 272

Harkness, John, 328Harris, Hamilton Harwell, 335, 346West Havens House, 336“Regionalism of Liberation,” 337arrives at the University of Texas, 338

Harris, William, 77, 130Harrison, Constance CaryWoman’s Handiwork in Modern Homes, 186

Harrison, Wallace K., 343Hart, Heinrich and Julius, 208Hase, Conrad Wilhelm, 178Hasenauer, Carl, 214Hausmann, Raoul, 267Haussmann, Baron Georges-Eugéne, 128, 129,

190, 191, 294

Haviland, John, 146, 147Builder’s Assistant, 10

Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 47, 48, 54, 86, 400Castle Howard, 47Blenheim Palace, 47on Gothic architecture, 47Alls Souls College, Oxford, 47

Hayden, Tom, 408Hays, K. Michael, 406Heckscher, AugustPublic Happiness, 400

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, 68, 106, 110,111, 136, 154, 166, 198, 199, 201, 202,203, 233, 234, 260, 325

on architecture, 108Hegemann, Werner, 323Heger, Franz, 106Hejduk, John, 338, 397, 412Hellerau, 307founding of, 230

Helme, Frank, 282Helmholtz, Hermann, 198, 212Helvétius, Claude Adrien, 15Hénault, Guillaumedesign for Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle,23

Henderson, Nigel, 353Hennebique, François, 223Henrici, Karl, 192Herbart, Johann Friedrich, 198, 201Herbert, J. R., 118, 170Herculaneum (Italy), 16, 32Herder, Johann Gottfried, 91, 92Heidegger, MartinBeing and Time, 370“Building, Dwelling, Thinking,” 370

Hermogenes, 6, 7Herrmann, Wolfgang, 313Herron, Ron, 367“Living City” (with Warren Chalk), 367“Walking City,” 367

Herriot, Edouard, 223Herter brothers, 186Hertzberger, Herman, 371Centraal Beheer, 371

Hervey, Frederick, Bishop of Derry, 63Hesse, Fritz, 252, 310Heuser, Georg, 200, 208, 211“latticework style,” 200Darwinian analyses, 200

Hewitt, George, 161Hilberseimer, Ludwig, 248, 273, 274, 310,

379Internationale neue Baukunst, 274Grossstadtarchitektur, 274Beton als Gestalter (with Julius Fischer),274

Hildebrand, Adolf, 197, 245, 399Hildebrandt, Johann Lucas von, 92Hill, Oliver, 314Hindenburg, Paul von, 305Hinzenberg, Olgivanna Laxovich, 288, 289Hire, Philippe de la, 9Hirsche, Lee, 338

Hirschfeld, Christian Cay LaurenzThéorie de l’art des jardins, 93

Hirt, Alois, 93, 94, 98Die Baukunst nach den Grundsätzen derAlten, 100, 107

Hirth, GeorgDas deutsche Zimmer der Renaissance, 180

Hitchcock (Henry-Russell) & Johnson (Philip),311, 323, 394

International Style exhibition, 286, 287,289

The International Style, 298, 302, 303“The Decline of Architecture,” 299“The Extent of Modern Architecture, 301

Hitchcock, Henry-Russell, 150, 244, 261, 288,293, 298, 321, 337

Modern Architecture, 275, 279, 289, 299,300

Painting toward Architecture, 394Hitler, Adolf, 263, 277, 306, 307, 310, 311, 312,

329architectural views, 308

Hittorff, Jacques-Ignace, 77, 78, 104, 115, 130,131, 132, 299

discover at Agrigento, 77system of polychromy, 77, 80

Hitzig, Friedrich, 178Hoare, Henrygarden at Stourhead, 53

Hoban, James, 141Hockney, David, 412Hodgden, Lee, 338Hoesli, Berhard, 338, 339, 374Hoff, Robert van”t, 242Hoffman, Abbie, 408Hoffmann, Franz, 246Hoffmann, Joseph, 205, 211, 214, 218, 230, 262,

266Pukersdorf Sanatorium, 214, 215Palais Stoclet, 215

Hoffmann, Ludwig, 275Hofman, Albert, 208, 211Hofman, Vlastislav, 267Hofmann, Hans, 264Höger, Fritz, 210, 245Holabird (William) & Roche (Martin), 292Tacoma Building, 280Marquette Building, 280Williams Building, 280Republic Building, 281

Hölderlin, Friedrich, 68, 92Hollein, Hans, 373, 375Holly, Henry HudsonModern Dwellings in Town and Country,186

Holm, Hans JørgenFolk High School, 182

Honzı́k, Karel, 267Hood, Raymond, 282, 287, 298, 300, 301American Radiator Building, 286New York Daily News building, 286RCA Building, 286McGraw-Hill building, 286

Hoover, Herbert, 316

490




INDEX

Hope, Thomas, 376Observations on the Plans . . .DowningCollege, 83

Historical Essay on Architecture, 115on Cinque-cento style, 115on eclecticism, 115

Hopkins, John HenryEssay on Gothic Architecture, 149

Hoppe (Emil) & Schönthal (Otto)Sandleiten Seidlung, 266

Horace, 28, 39, 64Horta, Victor, 204, 206, 225, 325Houdouin-Mansart, Jules, 39chapel at Versailles, 10, 12, 20

House Beautiful, first issue, 188Hovens-Greve, Hans, 357, 358Howard, Ebenezer, 193, 223, 293, 318, 320,

360, 382, 383To-morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform,Garden Cities of To-morrow, 194Welwyn (with Louis de Soissons), 194

Howard, John Galen, 189, 337Howe (George) & Lescaze (William), 296PSFS Office Tower, 287

Howe, George, 298, 332, 338, 340, 355, 400Howell, William, 352, 357, 358Howells (John Mead) & Hood (Raymond)Chicago Tribune competition entry, 284,285, 286

Howels, John Mead, 286Hübsch, Heinrich, 208In welchem Style sollen wir bauen?, 106,108

Über griechische Architectur, 106, 107notion of purposiveness (Zweckmässigkeit),108

on Rundbogen style, 108Karlsruhe Finance, Ministry, 109Karlsruhe Polytechnic School, 109St. Cyriacus, 109Trinkhalle in Baden-Baden, 109

Hudnut, Joseph, 324, 355reforms at Columbia, 322, 323reforms at Harvard, 323“The Post-Modern House,” 337

Hudson, Octavius, 170Hugman, Robert H. H., 338Hugo, Victor, 124Notre-Dame de Paris (The Hunchback ofNotre-Dame), 80, 81, 82, 124, 189

Huizinga, JohanHomo Ludens, 360

Hull. House, 174, 188Humboldt, Alexander von, 98Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 94Hume, David, 55, 56, 57, 59, 62, 92Treatise of Human Nature, 44“On the Delicacy of Taste and Passion,”56

“On the Standard of Taste,” 56Humphrey, Hubert, 408Hundertwasser“Mould Manifesto,” 368

Hunt, Myron, 188, 337

Hunt, Richard Morris, 151, 152, 161, 175French academic style, 152Tribune Building, 281

Husák, Gustáv, 404Husserl, EdmundLogical Investigations, 369Ideas Toward a Pure Phenomenology, 369

Huvé, Marie, 124Huygens, Christiaan, 4Huyot, Jean-Nicolas, 79

Iffland, August Wilhelm, 96Image, Selwyn, 173Industrial-Arts museums, rise of, 177Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies

(IAUS), 414founding of, 411change of ideological direction, 412Five Architects, 412, 414Oppositions, 412, 414

Institute of British Architects (later Royal), 114,115, 116, 146

Ishimoto, Kikuji, 345Isozaki, Arata“City in the Air,” 369

Itten, Johannes, 249, 251, 252

Jacobs, JaneThe Death and Life of Great American Cities,382

critique of Lewis Mumford’s theories, 382,383

Jacobsen, Arne, 350“House of the Future,” 269

James, William, 167, 293Janák, Pavel, 267Jardin, Nicolas-Henri, 24Jay, William, 145Jeanneret, Pierre, 359Jefferson, Thomas, 46, 140, 143, 144, 145, 146,

160, 319Monticello, 141Virginia State Capital, 141, 145ambassadorship in France, 141influence on character of Washington, D.C.,141

interference with Benjamin Latrobe’s designfor Capitol, 141

University of Virginia, 142, 143Jencks, Charles, 373Jenny, William Le Baron, 163, 164Home Insurance Building, 280

Johansen, John, 328, 332Mummers Theater, 391

Johnson, Albert Mussey, 283, 288Johnson, Lyndon, 407“War on Poverty,” 380

Johnson, Philip, 244, 293, 298, 299, 328, 332,337, 339, 356, 368

first trip to Europe with H.-R. Hitchcock, 300planning for International Style exhibition,300, 301

“Historical Note” to International Styleexhibition catalogue, 301, 302

embraces Nazism, 328, 329“Glass House,” 329, 366Amon Carter Museum of Western Art, 391Museum for Pre-Columbian Art, 391Kline Science Center, 391New York State Theater, 391

Jones, C. ChristopherDesign methods, 388

Jones, Inigo, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 62, 148, 150Banqueting House, 45Queen’s House at Greenwich, 45

Jones, Owen, 118, 170, 171, 172, 224“Gleanings for the Great Exhibition,”119

Plans, Elevations, Sections and Details of theAlhambra, 119

painting of Crystal Palace, 119The Grammar of Ornament, 119, 171on style in architecture, 171

Jönsson, Erik, Graf von Dahlberg, 92Jourdain, Frantz, 261Joyce, James, 259, 390Jugend, 180Jugendstil, 211, 226, 228Jung, Carl, 391Jussow, Heinrich Christoph, 93

Kahn, Albert, 238, 321Kahn, Ely Jacques2 Park Avenue, 286, 296

Kahn, Louis, 317, 332, 338, 340, 361, 368, 376,392, 398, 400

Yale Art Gallery, 341“Order and Form,” 341Trenton Bath House, 342Richards Medical Center, 342, 358, 366,393

Salk Institute, 342, 393Kimball Art Museum, 371, 394CIAM address in Otterlo, 393American Consulate, Luanda, 393

Kahn (Louis) & Stonorov (Oscar)“Why City Planning is Your Responsibility,”340

“You and Your Neighborhood,” 341Kaiser (Eames), Ray, 334, 335Kallmann, Gerhard, 337Kames, Lord, 58, 64Elements of Criticism, 57

Kamphoefner, Henry, 339Kamrath, Karl, 338Kandinsky, Wassily, 245, 249, 265, 310Concerning the Spiritual in Art, 242

Kant, Immanuel, 68, 91, 92, 199, 219meaning of purposiveness (Zweckmässigkeit),99

Kapp, ErnstGrundlinien einer Philosophie der Technik,200

Karl Wilhelm of Baden-Durlach, Margrave,102

Kastner, Alfred, 317Kaufmann, Edgar, 166Kaufmann, Edgar Jr., 337

491




INDEX

Keck, George Fred, 332, 355Miralago Ballroom and Shops, 333“House of Tomorrow,” 333“Crystal House,” 333

Keller, Gottfried, 207Kennedy, John F., 380, 407Kennedy, Robert, 408Kent, William, 53, 54, 59, 61The Designs of Inigo Jones, 49garden at Stowe, 53, 141garden at Rousham, 53garden at Kew, 141

Kepes, Gyorgy, 384, 394, 400Language of Vision, 332

Kerensky, Alexander, 236Kerr, Robert, 116, 117, 120, 170Newleafe Discourses on the Fine ArtArchitecture, 116

Key, Axel, 182Key, Ellen, 288Kierkegaard Sören, 245Kiesler, Frederick, 298Kikutake, Kiyonori“Sky House,” 368“Marine City,” 368

Killick, John, 352Kimbell, Friske, 23, 322King, Martin Luther, 407Kinnard, William, 76, 83Kircher, Ludwig, 245Kirk, Grayson, 408Klauder, Charles, 270Klee, Paul, 249, 265Klein, Alexander, 379Klemm, gustav, Allgemeine Cultur-Geschichte

der Menschheit, 134Klenze, Leo von, 76, 103, 105, 109, 115, 132Glyptothek, 104, 105Pinakothek, 104Der Temple des olympischen Jupiter vonAgrigent, 104

Anweisung zur Architektur des christlichenCultus, 104

Church of All Saints, 104Klerk, Michel deEigen Haard, 241Dageraad estate, 241

Klimt, Gustav, 213, 214Klopstock, Friedrich, 68Klotz, Heinrich, 399Knight, Henry GallyAn Architectural Tour of Normandy, 90

Knight, Richard Payne, 60, 61, 64, 66, 84Analytical Inquiry into the Principles ofTaste, 62

The Landscape, 62theory of picturesque, 62on Gothic and Greek architecture, 62on eclecticism, 62, 63

Knoll, Florence Schust, 329Koch, Joseph Anton, 96Koenig, KlausAnalisi del linguaggio architettonico,373

Köhler, Wolfgang, 370Korn, Arthur, 272Glas im Bau, 275, 276

Körner, Stephen, 99Kotěra, Jan, 267Krafft-Ebing, Richard von, 214Krahe, Peter Joseph, 93Kramer, Pieter, 241Dageraad estate, 241

Kraus, Karl, 215Krauss, Roselind, 397Krejcar, Jamomı́r, 267Krier, Leon, 375Kropotkin, Peter,Krubsacius, Friedrich AugustBetrachtungen über den Geschmack der Altenin der Baukunst, 93

Kugler, Franz, 132, 166, 196critique of Heinrich Hübsch, 108

Kuhn, thomasStructure of Scientific Revolutions, 390

Kurata, Chikatada, 345Kurchan, Juan, 344Kurokawa, KishoMetabolism: Proposals for a New Urbanism(with others), 368

“Helix Structure,” 368restaurant at Otome Pass, 369Nakagin Capsule Tower, 369

Laborde, Comte de, 184Labrouste, Henri, 79, 126, 155, 260, 299reconstruction project of Paestum, 80Bibliothèque Ste.-Geneviève, 82, 125, 126,187

Bibliothèque Nationale, 130Ladovsky, Nikolai, 239La Farge, John, 162, 185, 186Lafayette, Marie-Joseph, 72La Fontaine, 9Lagny, Bourgeois de, 129Lambert, Phyllis, 332Lamm, Emma, 183Langbehn, JuliusRembrandt als Erzieher, 227

Langhans, Carl Gotthard, 94Langley, Batty, 86, 149New Principles of Gardening, 52Ancient Architecture, Restored andImproved . . . in the Gothic Mode, 54

La Padula (Ernesto), Guerrini (Giovanni) &Romano (Mario)

Palazzo della Civiltà, 311Lapidus, MorrisAn Architecture of Joy, 338

La Riche, William, 412Larsson, Carl, 183Lassen, Flemming, 269Lassus, Jean-Baptiste, 124Latrobe, Benjamin, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149,

150, 155, 299Virginia State Penitentiary, 143Bank of Pennsylvania, 143United States Capitol, 144, 145, 187

Baltimore Cathedral, 144criticism of Jefferson, 144

Laugier, Marc-Antoine, 31, 32, 40, 50, 64, 141,145, 406, 414

Essai sur l’architecture, 19, 20Easter sermon at Versailles, 19Observations sur l’architecture, 20, 22, 93notion of beauty, 22proportions, 22rationalism of Essai sur l’architecture, 23reception of Essai sur l’architecture, 23on Greece, 24

Lauridsen de Thurah, Lauritz, 92Lauweriks, J. L. M., 219, 231Lawrence, Ellis, F., 322Layard, Henry, 133Leake, William, 74Leary, Timothy, 390, 391Leatherbarrow, David, xvLe Blanc, Abbé, 16Le Brun, Charles, 3, 4, 40theory of expression, 38

LeBrun (Napoleon) & Runge (Gustav)Philadelphia Academy of Music, 150

Le Camus de Mézières, Nicolas, 42, 64Le Génie de l’architecture, 40theory of character, 40, 41

Leck, Bart van der, 243Leclère, Achille, 124Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret), 78,

154, 224, 240, 241, 250, 251, 253, 260,261, 262, 263, 264, 267, 268, 270, 272,273, 274, 276, 277, 279, 291, 295, 298,299, 300, 302, 318, 325, 329, 337, 339,340, 344, 345, 346, 352, 356, 357, 358,359, 360, 361, 365, 368, 373, 374, 376, 381,382, 392, 396, 400, 412, 414

Étude sur le movement d’art decorative enAllemagne, 224

working for Auguste Perret, 224Villa Jeanneret-Perret, 253Villa Favre-Jacot, 253Cité Jardin, 253“Dom-ino,” 253, 254Villa Schwob, 254Cinema La Scala, 254change of name to Le Corbusier, 254Purism, 254, 255Après le cubisme (with Ozenfant), 255L’Esprit Nouveau, 255Vers une architecture, 255, 256, 257, 403Ville Contemporaine, 257interest in mass-production houses, 257Ozenfant Studio, 257, 302La Roche House, 257Pessac housing estate, 258Pavilion L’Esprit Nouveau, 258Le peinture moderne (with Ozenfant),258

Urbanisme, 258Le Chemin des hommes, 258L’Art decorative, 258Précisions, 258Plan Voisin, 258, 259

492




INDEX

“Les 5 points d’une architecture nouvelle,”259

Villa Stein-de-Monzie, 259, 260, 395, 412Centrosoyuz Building, 259, 315Palace of the Soviets competition, 259Palace of Nations competition, 259Une Maison – Un Palais, 259, 260“Ville Radieuse, 277La Charte d’Athènes (The Athens Charter),278, 342, 397

Savoye House, 301Pavilion Suisse, 315, 366, 397Cité du Refuge, 315, 352National Center for Collective Festivals, 315La Ville Radieuse, 315, 316Ferme Radieuse, 316Village Radieuse, 316Projet Obus, 316Quand les cathédrals étaient blanches, 316United Nations Building (with Wallace K.Harrison & Max Abramovitz), 338, 343

Sur les 4 Routes, 342Destin de Paris, 342La Maison des hommes, 342Les trois établissements humains, 342Unité d’Habitation, 342, 343, 357Ronchamp, 343, 362La Tourette, 343Chandigarh, 343Ahmedabad, 343La Modular, 343, 344, 352Jaoul houses, 353

Ledoux, Claude Nicolas, 9, 37, 40, 41, 63, 64,68, 93, 94, 141, 329, 367, 402

pavilion for Mlle. Guimard, 38, 143Hôtel d’Uzès, 38Arc-et-Senans, 42theater in Besançon, 42prison for Aix-en-Provence, 42barrières of Paris, 42design for Chaux, 42L’Architecture considérée sour la rapportde l’art, des moeurs et de la législation,42

“proper physiognomy,” 43Leeds, William Henry“An Essay on Modern English Architecture,”115

Lefuel, Hector-Martin, 151Legeay, Jean-Laurent, 23, 32, 41, 92, 93Léger, Fernand, 261Leibl, Wilhelm, 207Le Lorrain, Jean-Joseph, 26, 27, 32Lemercier, Jacques, 3L’Enfant, Pierre-Charles, 191plan for Washington, D.C., 141

Lenin, Vladimir Ilich (Ulyanov), 236, 237, 238,407

Lenoir, Albert, 125affranchissement de l’arcade, 125

Lenoir, Alexandre, 124Leonardo da Vinci, 133Leoni, GiacomoThe Architecture of A. Palladio, 48

Leonidov, Ivan, 270L’Eplattenier, Charles, 224Le Play, Frédéric, 223Leroux, Pierre, 82, 125Le Roy, Julien-David, 14, 23, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32,

33, 42, 51, 58, 68, 70, 71, 72trip to Greece, 26Les Ruines des plus beaux monuments de laGrece, 26, 27, 28

Histoire de la disposition . . . que les chrétiensont données à leurs temples, 28

Lescaze, William, 287, 299, 301Lessing, Gottfried Ephraim, 91Lessing, Julius, 178, 179, 211“New Paths, 210, 211analogy of architecture with ships andvehicles, 210

Letang, Eugène, 163, 321Lethaby, William Richard, 174, 175, 226founds Art-Workers’ Guild, 174, 175Avon Tyrell, 175Architecture, Mysticism and Myth, 176

Le Vau, François, 4Le Vau, Louis, 3–4, 5, 46, 95Levi, Rino, 344Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 361, 373, 378Elementary Structures of Kinship, 371Tristes Tropiques, 371Structural Anthropology, 371

Levine, Neil, 80Levitt, William, 326, 328Lewis, Henry Greswold, 64Lewis, Sinclair, 281L’Herbier, Marcel, 261Libera, Adalberto, 262, 312, 378elementary school in Trento, 262Italian Pavilion, 262apartments on Ostia Lido, 262

Lichtwark, Alfred, 211, 227, 231, 307“Realistische Architektur,” 209definition of realism, 210Palastfenster und Flügeltür, 210

Liebermann, Max, 207Liebknecht, Karl, 236, 247, 248, 404Leibnitz, Gottfried, 99Lihotzky, Margarete, 266Lindgren, Armas, 183, 268Linhardt, Evžen, 267Lippencott, Mather, 400Lippmann, Walter, 246Lipps, Theodor, 208, 211, 399Lipsius, Constantine, 178, 207, 211Lissitzky, El, 238, 239, 243, 244, 250, 264, 267,

271Russland, 240, 241, 275involvement with journal G, 250

Listz, Franz, 132Little Academy, of France, 2Llewellyn-Davies, Richard, 389Locke, John, 14, 22, 44, 48Lodoli, Carlo, 23, 31, 92theory of architecture, 32

Lönberg-Holm, Knud, 298, 322, 355Long, Huey, 329

Longius, 57Loos, Adolf, 195, 222, 226, 228, 243, 258, 268,

273, 290, 339, 364, 410“Potemkin City,” 215“The Old and the New Direction inArchitecture, 215

“The Poor Little Rich Man,” 215Das Andere, 216Goldman & Salatsch, 216, 217Villa Karma, 216Looshaus, 216“Ornament and Crime,” 217, 255on Semper’s theory of “dressing,” 218Am Heuberg, 266Ott Haas-Hof, 266Moller House, 266Müller House, 266

Lorenz, Konrad, 349L’Orme, Philibert, 10, 148Lorraine, Claude, 61, 96Lotze, Hermann, 198, 219Geschichte der Aesthetik in Deutschland,178

Loudon, J. C., 120Encyclopedia, 156

Louis XIII, 3Louis XIV, 2, 3–4, 5, 13Louis XV, 13, 14, 18, 19Louis XVIII, 78Louis, Victor, 32Louvre (Paris), extension of, 3, 4, 6, 12, 18, 22Lovell, Philip, 291Lovett, Wendell, H., 358Löw, Anton, 214Lubetkin, Berthold, 314, 351Lübke, WilhelmGeschichte der deutsche Renaissance, 179

Lucae, Richard“Der Mensch und sein Haus – my home ismy castle,” 178

“On the Meaning and Power of Space inArchitecture,” 196, 197

“On the Aesthetic Development of IronConstruction,” 197

Lucas, Colin, 314Lucchesi, Matteo, 31Lüchinger, AnulfStructuralism in Architecture and UrbanPlanning, 371

Luckhardt, Hans, 248, 269Luckhardt, Wassili, 248, 269Luckhardt (Hans) & Luckhardt (Wassili)Chicago Tribune competition entry,286

Ludwig I, Grand Duke of Darmstadt, 103Ludwig, Crown Prince of Bavaria (later king),

104, 105Ludwig II, of Bavaria, 137Ludwig, Josef, 205Lukács, Georges, 378, 406Lundy, Victor, 328Lurçat, André, 276, 300Jean Lurçat studio, 261Cité Seurat, 261

493




INDEX

Lutyens, Edwin, 176, 400Lux, Joseph August, 232Ingenieur-Ästhetik, 231

Luxemburg, Rosa, 236, 247, 248, 404Lyell, CharlesPrinciples of Geology, 133

Lynch, Kevin, 399, 410The Image of the City, 378, 384“The Pattern of Urban Growth,” 384

Lyndon, Donald, 398

Mackensen, Fritz, 248MacKaye, Brenton, 295, 317, 381Mackintosh, Charles Rennie, 225, 226, 374“Architecture,” 176Railway Terminus competition, 176Glasgow Herald Building, 176Glasgow School of Art, 176

Mackmurdo, Arthur, 173, 1766 Private Road, 1758 Private Road, 175

Maekawa, Kunio, 356Electrical Testing Office, 345

Maffei, Francesco Scipione, 31Magritte, René, 261Mahler, Alma, 249Maillard, Elisa, 344Maillet, Robert, 264, 272Maillol, Aristide, 224Mailer, Norman, 408Maison de l“Art Nouveau, 212Maki, Fumihiko“Group Form” (with Masato Ohtaka), 368

Mäkiniemi, Elissa, 350Maldonado, Tomas, 349, 372Malevich, Kasimir, 238, 239, 244, 325, 329,

367Mallet-Stevens, RobertVilla for Vicomte de Noailles, 261apartments on Rue Mallet-Stevens, 261Un cité modern, 261

Mandrot, Hélène, 276Manet, Edouard, 224Mangin, Joseph-François, 144Mannheim, Karl, 378, 406Mansart, François, 4, 40, 46Marat, Jean-Paul, 72Marc, Franz, 245Marcks, Gehard, 249Marcuse, Herbert, 407, 411Mariette, Pierre-Jean, 31Review of Della Magnificenza, 33

Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso, 225, 255, 336, 363Markelius, Sven, 268, 343, 346, 349plan for Vällingby, 350

Marot, Jean, 4Marquis de Sade, 215Marshall, P. P., 173MARS (Modern Architectural Research Group),

314, 352, 353, 355, 357Marsio, Aino, 268Martial, 64Martin, Louis, 411Martin, Jean, xv

Marx, Karl, 78, 244, 318, 407Masters, William H. and Johnson, Virginia E.Human Sexual Response, 407

Matisse, Henri, 224, 254Maximilian II, of Bavaria, 111competition to invent a new style, 113

May, Ernst, 269, 273, 275, 276, 277, 295, 300,307, 308

Praunheim Siedlungen, 270Das neue Frankfurt, 270

Maybeck, Bernard, 189, 190, 296, 337Berkeley Faculty Club, 189First Church of Christ Scientist, 189

Mayer (Albert) & Whittlesey, 339, 359, 360McCarthy, Eugene, 407, 408McCormick, Robert, 284McGrath, Raymond, 314McHale, John, 364, 365McHarg, IanDesign with Nature, 384

McKim, George, 191McKim, Meade & White, 186Newport Casino, 187Short Hills Casino, 187Isaac Bell House, 187Goelet House, 187Villard House, 187Boston Public Library, 187

McKinley, William, 185McLuhan, Marshall, 392The Medium is the Message, 390

Mebes, Paul, 231, 276, 308Meier, Richard, 397Smith House, 10Saltzman House, 412

Meier-Graefe, Julius, 212, 228review of Alexander Schröder’s apartment,213

Meissonnier, Jules-Aurèle, 12Melani, Alfred, 225Manuale Architettura italiana, 225

Melnikov, Konstantin, 239Pavilion at Exposition of the Decorative Arts,240

Melville, Herman, 294Memmo, Andrea, 23, 32Mendelsohn (Erich) & Chermayeff (Serge)De La Warr Pavilion, 314Mendelsohn, Erich, 245, 248, 252, 253, 273,275, 276, 292, 295, 309, 325, 374

Einstein Tower, 269Luckenwalde hat factory, 271Schocken Department Store, 269Amerika: Bilderbuch eines Architekten,269

Russland-Europa-Amerika, 269, 270Menzel, Adolf, 207Mercier, Ernest, 258Merimée, Prosper, 124, 128, 184influence on Viollet-le-Duc, 124

Merleau-Ponty, MauricePhenomenology of Perception, 370

Messel, Alfred, 209, 232, 252Metabolism, 368

Metzger, Eduarddefense of Gothic architecture, 109“Contribution to the ContemporaryQuestion: In What Style Should WeBuild!,” 111

on possibilities of iron, 111Mey, J. M. van der, 242Meyer, Hannes, 267, 273, 276, 302, 307, 309,

349Petersschule, 264move to Dessau Bauhaus, 264, 265, 266

Meyer, Heinrich, 93Meyer, Howard R., 338Meyer, PeterModerne schweizer Wohnhäuser, 264

MIAR (Italian Movement for RationalistArchitecture), 262

Michelangelo, 7, 12, 133, 139, 164, 400, 402proposal for San Lorenzo, 396

Michellucci, Giovanni, 364, 376Florence Railway Station, 348

Middleton, Robin, 10, 11, 82, 393Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 232, 250, 251, 252,

262, 264, 271, 276, 277, 279, 293, 300,302, 306, 307, 308, 318, 321, 323, 327,329, 336, 337, 342, 361, 366, 368, 379,387, 392, 398, 400, 402, 412

glass skyscraper project, 250glass tower on Friedrichstrasse, 271, 272involvement with G, 271Mosler House, 272involvement with Novembergruppe, 272founding of Der Ring, 272, 273Monument to Karl Liebnecht and RosaLuxemburg, 273, 310

planning for Weissenhof Siedlung, 273Hermann Lange House, 274Barcelona Pavilion, 274Tugendhat House, 274, 301closure of Bauhaus, 309, 310Ulrich Lange House, 310departs Germany for United States, 310–311Farnsworth House, 329, 332Seagram Building (with Philip Johnson),332

Illinois Institute of Technology (ArmourInstitute of Technology), 330, 331

Metals Research Building, 331Milizia, Francesco, 64Millon Henry, 397, 400Mills, Robert, 145, 146Washington Hall, 146Sansom Street Baptist Church, 146Octagon Unitarian Church, 146Monumental Church, 146Baltimore Monument to George Washington,146

Patent Office, 146Treasure Building, 146Post Office, 146“The Progress of Architecture in Virginia,”146

“The Architectural Work of Robert Mills,146

494




INDEX

Milner, JohnThe History . . . of the Antiquities ofWinchester, 85

Minh, Ho Chi, 326, 407Minkowski, Hermann, 325MLTW (Moore, Lyndon, Turnbull & Whitaker)Sea Ranch, 399Kresge College, 399Santa Barbara Faculty Club, 399Church Street housing complex, 399

modern, meaning of, xviMoholy-Nagy, László, 249, 250, 252, 260, 265,

277, 355, 365, 394Von Material zu Architektur (The NewVision), 267, 332

first director of New Bauhaus (later Instituteof Design), 332

Moholy-Nagy, Sibyl, 389Moller, Georg, 103, 106Denkmähler des deutschen Baukunst, 89,103

Discovery of partial drawing of CologneCathedral, 103

Molnár, Farkas, 267Mondrian, Pieter, 242, 243, 244Moneo, Raphael, 373Monet, Claude, 336Monroe, Marilyn, 326Montalembert, Comte de, 124Montfaucon, Bernard de, 25Montesquieu, Baron de, 14, 15, 28, 32, 73Moore, Charles, 398, 408, 414“Water in Architecture, 398“Discrimination in Housing Design,” 398“Plug It In, Rameses, and See If It LightsUp,” 398

Body, Memory, and Architecture (with KentC. Bloomer), 398

house in Orinda, 399Moreau-Desprous, Louis, 26Moreira, Jorge, 344Moretti, Luigi, 363, 373Morgan, Julia, 189Moritz, Karl Philipp, 93, 94Morris, Charles, 332Foundations of the Theory of Signs, 371, 372

Morris, Robert, 64, 141An Essay in Defence of Ancient Architecture,49

Lectures on Architecture, 50An Essay on Harmony, 50

Morris, Roger, 49Morris, William, 172, 174, 185, 188, 189, 190,

196, 212, 219, 224, 228, 229, 293, 313, 315,318, 378

Red House (with Philip Webb), 172, 174Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Company, 172“The Prospects of Architecture inCivilization,” 176

“The Revival of Architecture,” 176News from Nowhere, 177

Moser, Karl, 264, 276, 292, 340Moser, Kolomon, 214Moses, Robert, 340, 381

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 96, 137Muche, Georg, 249, 251, 265Mujica, FranciscoThe History of the Skyscraper, 287

Müller, Carl Otfried, 113Müller-Lyer, Franz, 277Müller-Wulckow, WalterDeutsche Baukunst der Gegenwart, 275,276

Mumford, Lewis, 161, 286, 293, 299, 317, 320,332, 343, 348, 355, 381, 398

The Story of Utopias, 293Sticks and Stones, 294, 295founding Regional Planning Association ofAmerica, 295

“The Search for ‘Something More,’” 295,296, 300

“Mass-Production and the Modern House,”296

The Brown Decades, 296“Housing,” 301, 302Technics and Civilization, 318The Culture of Cities, 318, 319, 381“Bay Region Style,” 337Art and Techniques, 339From the Ground Up, 340criticisms of United Nations Building, 340The City in History, 381, 382critique of Jane Jacob’s book, 356

Munck, Edvard, 245Munthe, Gerhard, 183Museum of Modern Art, 289, 298, 323, 327,

329, 334, 336, 338, 394, 400, 403, 411, 414“Modern Architecture: InternationalExhibition, 298, 303

planning for 300, 301exhibition catalogue, 301, 326“What is Happening to ModernArchitecture?”, 337

Mussolini, Benito, 262, 263, 311, 312Muthesius, Hermann, 175, 210, 226, 227, 228,

230, 233, 243, 246, 247, 256, 267The English House, 177Das englische Baukunst der Gegenwart, 226“Neues Ornament und neue Kunst,” 228on Sachlichkeit, 228, 229Stil-Architektur und Baukunst, 228, 229ten “theses,” 234notion of Typisierung, 234

Muzio Giovanni, 311Ca’ Brutta, 262tennis club, 262

Myers, Howard, 320Mylne, Robert, 24, 32

Nagel, chester, 338Napoleon III, 126, 128, 184, 190, 191Nash, John, 83, 86, 87, 145Natoire, Charles, 26Naumann, Friedrich, 210, 227, 230, 307Naumberg, Margaret,Neale, John Mason, 90Nehru, Jawaharlal, 343, 359Nelson, Paul, 297

Nesfield, William Eden, 175Specimens of Mediaeval Architecture, 174Shipley Hall, 174

Neufforge, Jean-François de, 93Neumann, Balthasar, 92Neumann, John von, 326Neumann, Karl, 208Neutra, Richard, 264, 271, 277, 290, 292, 298,

299, 300, 301, 333, 335, 355, 368Amerika, 275“Rush City Reformed,” 279, 292Wie baut Amerika?, 292Lovell Health House, 292, 335Sternberg House, 333Lewin House, 333Kaufmann House, 333Tremaine House, 333“VDL Research House,” 333Beard House, 333Richter House, 334Steelcraft house, 334The Architecture of Social Concern, 334Survival through Design, 334

“New Empiricism,” 337, 349, 351, 352, 356Newman, Oscar, 397Defensible Space, 390

Newton, Isaac, 14, 42“New York Five,” 339, 414Nicholas II, Czar, 236Niemeyer, Oscar, 343work at Brası́lia, 344, 360

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 167, 232, 244reading of Semper’s Der Stil, 139The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music,139

Nineteen sixty-eight, significance of, xviNixon, Richard, 408Nizzoli, Marcello, 312Noel, Maud Miriam, 288, 289Noguchi, Isamu, 298Norberg-Schulz, Christian, 349, 373, 403Intentions in Architecture, 372

Normand, Charles-Pierre-Joseph, 105Norton, Charles Eliot, 187Notman, John, 157Notre Dame, cathedral (Paris), 11Novalis, 92Novecento movement, found of, 262Novembergruppe, founding of 247Nowicki, Mathew, 337, 339, 340, 359, 369curriculum changes at North Carolina StateUniversity, 339

“Origins and Trends in ModernArchitecture,” 339

Raleigh Arena (with William HenleyDeitrick), 339

design of Chandigarh, 339Nyop, Martin, 269Copenhagen City Hall, 182

Obrist, Hermann, 211, 248O’Gorman, JuanNational Library, 344School for Teachers, 345

495




INDEX

Ohtaka, Masato“Group Form” (with Fumihiko Maki), 368

O’Keefe, Georgia, 321Olbrich, Joseph Maria, 205, 211Olbrich, Joseph Maria, 214, 218, 225, 230Ernst Ludwig House, 214

Olds, Ranson Eli, 238Olier, Charles François, Marquis de Nointel, 2,

24Olmstead, Frederick Law, 160, 162, 187, 188,

193New York Central Park (with Calvert Vaux),160, 163

Oppenord, Gilles-Marie, 12Orozco, José Clemente, 345d’Orville, Jacques-Philippe, 24OSA (society of Modern Architects), 240Osthaus, Karl, 231, 233, 234Otto, King of Greece, 104Otto, Christian, 274Otto, Frei, 369Oud, J. J. P., 242, 267, 273, 276, 299, 300, 301,

302, 323, 379Katwijk aan Zeen, 243Spangen housing estate, 243“On the Future architecture and itsArchitectural Possibilities,” 243

Hook of Holland, 244, 270Café de Unie, 244Kiefhoek housing estate, 244house in Pinehurst, 301

Ouvrard, René, 40, 65Architecture harmonique, 3

Owens, Robert, 78, 318Ozenfant, Amédée, 254

Paestrum Italy, 16, 62Pagano, Giuseppe, 262, 263, 310–311, 312Palace of the Soviets, competition of, 241winning scheme of Boris Iofan, VladimirShchuko & Vladimir Gelfreik, 241

Palace of Westminster, competition of 86Palladio, 2, 3, 8, 20, 45, 48, 49, 50, 62, 66, 367,

413Palmerston, Lord, 119Pancrazi, Giuseppe Maria, 24, 30Panini, Giovanni Paolo, 27Pankok, Bernard, 211Panofsky, Erwin, 373Panseion, Pierre, 68Paolozzi, Eduardo, 353Parker, Alfred Browning, 338Parker, Barry, 194Parker, Theodor, 153Parris, Alexander, 145, 149Pascal, Blaise, xvPassarge, Walter, 252Patte, Pierre, 18Patterson, Joseph, 284Pattison, MaryPrinciples of Domestic Engineering, 270

Paul, Bruno, 211, 229Paulsson, Gregor, 268Pausanias, 74

Pawley, Martin, 373, 410Paxton, Josephdesign of Crystal Palace, 117, 118, 122

Peabody and Sterns, 162Pearlman, Jill, 323Pecht, Friedrich, 179, 207, 208, 211Pei, I. M., 328, 387, 391National Center for Atmospheric Research,392

JFK Library, 392John Hancock Tower, 392East Wing of National Gallery, 392

Pelli, Cesar, 330, 392Pembroke, Earl of, 49Pennethorne, James, 84Pepler, Marian, 314Percier (Charles) & Fontaine (Pierre), 104, 105,

115, 299Perkins, Dwight, 188Perkins, G. Holmes, 402Perrault, Charles, 4“The Century of Louis the Great,” 9Parallel of the Ancients and the Moderns, 9design for Sainte-Geneviève, 9, 10

Perrault, Claude, 15, 18, 20, 22, 23, 37, 38, 40,41, 46, 47, 50, 51, 64, 65, 148, 203, 414

use of the word theory, xvidesign for Louvre, 4, 5, 20, 28, 156design for Royal Observatory, 5translation of Vitruvius, 6, 22on Gothic architecture, 6, 10trip to south of France, 6, 10on dégagement, 6on âpreté, 6against François Blondel, 7expanded footnote to translation of Vitruvius,7

Ordonnance des cinz espèces de colonnes, 8,11

on proportions, 8, 9on positive and arbitrary beauty, 8, 9design for Sainte-Geneviève, 9, 10

Peressutti, Enrico, 398Perret, Auguste, 224, 256, 260, 261, 299, 325,

359, 362, 376Apartment on rue Franklin, 223Théâtre des Champs Elysées, 223

Perret, Gustave, 223Perronet, Jean-Rudolphe, 18, 63, 95Persico, Edoardo, 262, 312Persius, Ludwig, 111, 178Peschken, Goerd, 99Petzet, Michel, 10Pevsner, Anton, 238, 330Pevsner, Nikolaus, 211, 313, 332, 338, 354, 364,

375Pioneers of the Modern Movement, 313, 314,352

An Inquiry into Industrial Art in England,314

The Englishness of English Art, 352Peyre, Marie-Joseph, 32Pflueger, Timothy L.Office building on Sutter Street, 287

phenomenology, defined, 369Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876,

185Piacentini, Marcello, 311Architettura d’oggi, 262University of Rome, 311Esposizione Universale di Roma (EUR), 311

Piano (Renzo) & Rogers (Richard), 374Picasso, 254, 324, 394, 395L’Arlésienne, 325, 394

picturesque, origin of word, 51, 52Pierson, William H., 156Pietilä (Reima) & Paatelainen (Raili)Kaleva Church, 350

Pigage, Nicolas de, 92Piranesi, Giovanni Battista, 24, 27, 31, 32, 38,

51, 58, 59, 63, 64, 68, 92, 93, 163, 393, 406Invenzioni Capric de Carceri, 32Le antichità romane, 32Della magnificenza ed architettura de’romani, 32, 33, 35

Campo Marzio dell’ antica Roma, 33“Osservazione di Giovanni Battista Piranesisopra la lettre de M. Mariette,” 33, 35

Parere su l’architecture, 35, 36Divers Manners of Ornamenting Chimneys,36

on eclecticism, 36Pissaro, Camille, 336Plato, 166, 293Platz, GustavDie Baukunst der neuesten Zeit, 274, 275

Playfair, William, 84Plečnik, JožePrague Castle, 266Insurance Building, Ljubljana, 266

Pliny the Elder, 74Pliny the Younger, 49, 52, 64Plotinus, 92Pococke, Richard, 25Podro, Michael, 201Poelzig, Hans, 210, 229, 230, 245, 252, 273,

307, 309, 327Werdermühle Factory, 246Upper Silesia Tower, 246Berlin Playhouse, 246

Poisson, Abel-François (Marquis de Marigny),15, 16

Poitiers, Saint Hilaire-le-Grand, 6Polk, Willis, 189, 337Pollack, Jackson, 353polychrome debatestart of, 74color on Parthenon, 74temple on Aegina, 75temple at Bassae, 75

Pommer, Richard, 274Pompadour, Madame de, 14, 15, 36, 184Pond, Irving K., 282Ponti Giohouse on Via Randaccio (with EmilioLancia), 262

Casa Borletti, 262Montecatini Office Building, 311

496




INDEX

Pope, Alexander, 54notion of picturesque, 52garden at Twickenham, 52, 141

Pope Clement XIII, 36Popper, Karl, 389Pöpplemann, Matthäus Daniel, 92, 132Portoghesi, Paolo, 377“Dal Neorealismo al Neoliberty,” 362

Portoghesi (Paolo) & Gigliotti (Vittorio)Casa Baldi, 377Casa Andreis, 377Casa Papanice, 377cultural center at Avezzano, 377Church of the Holy Family, 377

Post, George B.Pulitzer Building, 281

Potter, William A., 162Poussin, Nicolas, 61, 62, 64, 96Preiswerk, Rudolf, 264Presley, Elvis, 326Price, Bruce, 187, 189American Surety Building, 281

Price, Cedric“Fun Palace,” 367

Price, Uvedale, 60, 64, 158Essays on the Picturesque, 61theory of the picturesque, 61“An Essay on Architecture and Buildings,”61

on Gothic architecture, 62Priestly, Joseph, 161Primo de Rivera, Dom Miguel, 263Pritchard, Jack, 314Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 223Proportions, harmonic and relative, 3, 8, 9, 15,

50, 51, 57, 65Prové, Jean, 366, 373Pugin, August Charles, 85Specimens of Gothic Architecture, 86

Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore, 86, 114,170, 173, 174, 180, 299

Examples of Gothic Architecture, 87Contrasts, 87, 88The True Principles of Pointed Architecture,90, 110, 149, 150

An Apology for the Revival of ChristianArchitecture, 90

“How Shall We Build Our Churches?”,116

Puni, Ivan, 267Pythagoras, 325

Quaroni, Ludovico, 348, 378Quarrel of the ancients and moderns, 6, 9Quatremère de Quincy, Antoine Chrysostôme,

18, 43, 68, 71, 76, 77, 79, 80, 131, 133,142, 378

Encyclopédie méthodique, 71, 73essays on Egyptian architecture, 72theory of types, 72definition of architecture, 73theory of character, 73definition of type, 73definition of style, 73

Le Jupiter olympien, 76theory of polychromy, 76attack on his teachings, 79

Queen Anne style, 174, 178

Rabe, Martin Friedrich, 94Racine, 9Rading, Adolf, 273, 309Raineri, Giorgio, 348Ramée, JosephUntion College in Schenectady, 144

Ramsey, Allan, 32, 58“Dialogue on Taste,” 55, 56

Rand, AynThe Fountainhead, 321

Raoul-Rochette, Désiré, 77Rapson, Ralph, 329, 330, 333, 334, 335, 384Rasmusson, Steen Eiler, 350Experiencing Architecture, 350Town and Buildings, 351

Rauch, John, 400Raymond, AntoninReader’s Digest Office, 345

Realism, in Germany, 207, 208, 209, 212Redgrave, Richard, 118, 171, 314Reports by the Juries, 118, 119, 170

Redtenbacher, Rudolf, 206“The Building Efforts of the Present,”199

Die Architektonik der modernen Baukunst,200

Reichensperger, August, 110, 178Die christlich-germanische Baukunst und ihrVerhältnis zur Gegenwart, 109

Regional Plan Association (RPA), 295Regional Planning Association of America

(RPAA), 295, 317Reich, Lily, 310Reidy, Affonso Eduardo, 344Reinhardt, Max, 246Renoir, Pierre Auguste, 336Renwick, James, 150Grace Church, 149Saint Patrick’s Cathedral, 149Cocoran Gallery, 152

Repton, Humphry, 63Sketches and Hints on Landscape Gardening,60

“Picturesque effect,” 60Theory and Practice of LandscapeGardening, 61, 157

Revett, Nicholas, 25, 30, 76, 82, 83, 94, 144,147, 150

Reynaud, Jean, 125Reynaud, Léonce, 125“Architecture,” 82, 125Triaté d’architecture, 126

Reynolds, Joshua, 61, 64, 116Richards, J. M., 349, 350, 356An Introduction to Modern Architecture, 314,315, 352

“Criticism,” 352The Bombed Buildings of Britain, 352The Castles on the Ground, 352

Richardson, Henry Hobson, 155, 161, 162, 164,175, 186, 187, 204, 296, 299, 303

Brattle Square church, 162Trinity Church, 162Watts-Sherman House, 162Stoughton House, 162Ames Gate Lodge, 162, 163Allegheny County Courthouse and Jail,163

Marshall Field Wholesale Store, 163,164

Austin Hall, 296Richelieu, Cardinal, 2Richter, Hans, 250, 271Ricker, Nathan Clifford, 322Rickman, Thomas, 85, 87, 149An Attempt to Discriminate the Style ofEnglish Architecture, 86

Ridolfi, Mario, 362, 364, 376, 377post office on Piazza Bologna, 262Viale Etiopia, 348, 362

Riegl, Alois, 245, 272critique of Semper’s theory, 229notion of Kunstwollen, 233Spatrömische Kunstindustrie, 233

Riemerschmid, Richard, 211, 229, 230, 307Rietschel, Ernst, 132Rietveld, Garrit, 300Schröder House, 211

Rigotti, Annibale, 225Robertson, Jacquelin, 397Robespierre, Maximilien, 67, 72Robinson, J. C., 170Robinson, Sir Thomas, 53Robsjohn-Gibbings, T. H., 337Good-Bye, Mr. Chippendale, 336Mona Lisa’s Mustache, 336

Roche, Kevin, 330, 392Roche (Keven) & Dingeloo (John)Ford Foundation Building, 392Knights of Columbus Building, 392College Life Insurance Building, 392

Rockefeller, John D., 343Rococo, 13, 23Rodchenko, Alexander, 239Rode, Christian Bernhard, 94Rodrigues, Olinde, 79Roebling, John AugustusBridge over Niagara Falls, 152Bridge at Cincinnati, 152Brooklyn Bridge, 152

Rogers, Ernesto Nathan, 312, 359, 361, 373,374, 378, 406

assumes editorship of Casabella, 348theme of “continuity,” 362“The Evolution of Architecture, 364

Rogers, Isiah, 145Rogers, Richard, 374Romberg, Andreas, 109Rondelet, Jean-Baptiste, 105, 259Traité théorique et pratique, 69

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 325, 326New Deal Programs, 316

Roosevelt, Theodore, 185

497




INDEX

Root, John, 164, 166, 187, 188, 296, 299“What are the Present Tendencies inArchitectural Design in America?”, 164

Rosa, Alberto Asor, 378, 405Rosenberg, Alfred, 308, 309, 310Rosenthal, Carl Albertdefense of Gothic architecture, 109

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 172, 173, 180Rossi, Aldo, 362, 363, 378, 414villa at Ronchi, 378monument at Segrate, 378L’architettura della città, 378, 379

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 13, 14, 18, 19, 32, 64,78, 128

First Discourse, 14Second Discourse, 14, 15

Rousseau, Pierre, 141Rowe, Colin, 338, 339, 394, 396, 397, 403, 411,

412, 414“The Mathematics of the Ideal Villa,” 352“Mannerism and Modern Architecture,” 352Introduction to Five Architects, 412, 413

Rowe (Colin) and Slutzky (Robert), 412“Transparency,” 338, 394, 395, 396

Royal Academy of Architecture, of France, 17,22, 39

founding and purpose, 2, 3, 7, 10closing of, 70

Royal Academy, of Great Britain, 114, 116Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture, of

France, 2, 38Rudd, Mark, 408Rudolph, Paul, 328, 368, 387, 391, 398, 402Walker guest house on Sanibel Island, 392“Regionalism in Architecture,” 392Yale University Art & Architecture Building,392

Strafford Harbor, 392Graphic Arts Center, 392Lower Manhattan Expressway, 392

Ruhtenberg, Jan, 323Rumohr, Friedrich vonItalienische Forschungen, 106

Rundbogen movementin Germany, 105, 110, 115in the United States, 149, 150, 166

Runnels, David, 329, 333Ruprich-Robert, Victor-Marie, 164Ruskin, John, 114, 116, 120, 135, 152, 153, 172,

174, 189, 212, 224, 318, 319, 324, 394The Seven Lamps of Architecture, 120, 121,159, 176

“The Poetry of Architecture,” 120Modern Painters, 120on choice of style, 121theory of ornament, 121, 122The Stones of Venice, 121, 122“The Nature of Gothic,” 122on Joseph Paxton’s design of Crystal Palace,122

Lectures on Architecture and Painting, 122The Two Paths, 123Guild of Saint George, 173

Russell, R. D. 314

Ruysdael, Salomon van, 96Ry, Paul du, 93Ry, Simon Louis du, 93Rykwert, Joseph, 19, 349, 373, 379, 403, 412“Meaning in Architecture,” 372

Saarinen, Eliel, 183, 268, 334studio on Lake Vitträsk (with HermanGesellius and Armas Lindgren), 183

Chicago Tribune competition entry, 284, 286arrival at Cranbrook Academy, 329The City: Its Growth, Its Decay, Its Future,329, 330

Search for Form, 330Saarinen, Eero, 321, 329, 330, 334, 335, 337,

369, 374, 400General Motors Technical Center (with ElielSaarinen), 330

M.I.T. Auditorium, 330TWA Terminal, 330Dulles International Airport, 330Kresge Auditorium, 349

Saarinen, Loja, 184Sachlichkeit, meaning of, 208, 209, 220, 228,

229, 230, 231, 243, 245, 246, 252, 262,307

Sadler, Luther, 338Saeltzer, AlexanderAstor Library, 150

Safdie, MosheHabitat ’ 371

Saint. Eustache, church of (Paris), 11Saint-Gaudens, Auguste, 186Saint. Peter’s (Rome), 12, 18Saint. Paul’s (London), 18Saint-Simon, Claude-Henri, 78, 128, 223, 256Saint-Simonism, 78, 125, 258, 260organic and critical epochs, 79influence on architects, 79, 82, 132, 240

Saint. Sulpice, church of (Paris), 11, 19Sainte.-Chapelle (Paris), 11Sainte.-Geneviève, church of, 9, 10, 11, 12, 18,

28, 36, 37, 72Sainte-Beuve, 124Sakakura Junzo, 356Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura, 345

Salvin, Anthony, 174Samonà, GiuseppeL’urbanistica e l’avvenire della città, 377

Samuel, Godfrew, 314Sanby, Thomas, 64Sanders, Theodor, 219Sandys, Francis, 83Sanger, Margaret, 246Sant’Elia, Antonio, 264futurist manifesto for architecture, 225La Città Nuova, 225, 226Messaggio, 226

Sarfatti, Margherita, 311Sartoria, AlbertoGli elementi dell’architettura funzionale, 262,263

Saussure, Ferdinand de, 373, 378Course of General Linguistics, 371

Savage, HenriLa Maison à Gradins, 261

Scalfarotto, 31Scalvini, Maria Luisa“Simbolo e significato nello spazioarchitettonico,” 373

Scamozzi, Vincenzo, 3, 8, 45, 413Scarpa, Carlo, 348, 376Canova Plaster Cast Gallery, 376Museo di Castelvecchio, 376Olivetti Showroom, 376Palazzo Querini Stampalia, 376poetic and mythological interests, 377

Schadow, Johann Gofried, 93, 94Schapiro, Meyer, 320Scharoun, Hans, 252, 253, 269, 273, 274, 309Schattner, Karljosef, 378Scheerbart, PaulGlasarchitektur, 247

Schelling, Friedrich, 92, 99, 106, 202Scherner, Albert, 199Schiller, Friedrich von, 91, 92, 97, 154, 166Schindler, Rudolf, 271, 290, 333, 334manifesto of 1913, 290own house in West Hollywood, 290, 291Lovell Vacation Housse, 291Wolfe House, 291“Space Architecture,” 291, 292

Schinkel, Karl Friedrich, 95, 103, 107, 110, 113,115, 130, 132, 155, 196, 204, 208, 228,299, 329, 374

landscape painting, 96panoramas and dioramas, 96stage designs, 96Berlin Petrikirche, 97Cathedral to the Wars of Liberation, 97Neue Wache, 97Berlin Playhouse, 97, 98, 101“Error of pure radical abstraction,” 98trip to France, England, and Scotland, 98Altes Museum, 98, 101architectural textbook (Lehrbuch), 99purposiveness (Zweckmässigkeit), meaningof, 99, 100

concern with tectonics, 103Institute of Industrial Arts and Trade, 101Bauakademie, 101, 102, 108attempt at a stylistic synthesis, 111

Schlegel, Friedrich, 68, 92, 99, 100Schlemmer, Oskar, 249, 251Schmarsow, August, 209, 219, 232, 346“The Essence of Architectural Creation,”198

Schmidt, Hans, 264, 276Schmidt, Karl, 210, 229, 230Schmitthenner, PaulGartdestadt Staaken, 307

Schnaase, KarlNiederländische Briefe, 196

Schneck, Adolf, 273Schoenmaekers, MathieuHet nieuwe wereldbeeld, 242Beginselen der beeldende wiskunde, 242

Scolari, Massimo, 379

498




INDEX

Schopenhauer, ArthurThe World as Will and Representation, 100,198

Schultze-Naumburg, Paul, 307Häusliche Kunstpflege, 308ABC des Bauens, 308Kunst und Rasse, 308

Schumacher, Fritz, 211, 227, 229, 230, 272,307, 308

“Style and Fashion,” 210Die Kleinwohnung, 244Das Wesen des neuzeitlichen Backsteinbaues,244, 245

Schütte-Lihotsky, Margarete, 270Schuyler, Montgomery, 187, 280Schweinfurth, A. C., 189Schwitters, Kurt, 250Scott, Geoffrey, 347, 397, 399Scott, George Gilbert, 119, 132, 299A Plea for the Faithful Restoration of OurAncient Churches, 114, 115

Remarks on Secular and DomesticArchitecture, 115

Lectures on the Rise and Development ofMedieval Architecture, 115

Scott Brown, Denise, 400, 402, 408, 411“The Meaningful City,” 402“Messages,” 409“Learning from Pop,” 410Response to Frampton’s reply to “Learningfrom Pop,” 411

Scott Brown, Robert, 402Scully, Vincent J., 160, 187, 341, 393, 397,

403The Shingle Style, 400American Architecture and Urbanism, 410

Seagram, Joseph E., 332Second Empire Style, rise of in United States,

151Sédille, Paul, 207Seidl, Gabriel von, 209, 210Seligmann, Werner, 338Selvatico, Pietro, 225Semper, Gottfried, 130, 164, 170, 178, 181, 196,

198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 205, 207, 209,218, 219, 220, 228, 232, 245, 288, 332

trip to Greece, 130archaeological work in Rome, 130Vörlaufige Bemerkungen über bemaltearchitektur, 131, 132

notion of Gesamtkunstwerk, 132First Dresden Theater, 132Dresden Art Museum, 132Church of St. Nicholas, 132friendship with Richard Wagner, 132Saxon uprising and exile, 132Die Vier Elemente der Baukunst, 133, 134layouts for Great Exhibition, 134Wissenschaft, Industrie und Kunst, 134, 135instructor at Department of Practical Art, 135tract on Greek slingshot projectiles, 135on style, 135Der Stil in den technischen und tektonischenKünsten, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139

“On the Formal Lawfulness of Ornament andIts Meaning as an Artistic Symbol,” 136

empirical theory of art,