3 General Symptoms of the 3 General Symptoms of the BodyBody
FeverShockPain
FeverFeverAn increased temperature by
the body to destroy invading pathogens.–Life is protein-dependent,
soooo…….Denature them.
Clinical Manifestations/Etiologies Clinical Manifestations/Etiologies of Feverof Fever
Infections– Viral, bacterial, fungal, rickettsial
FUO – Fever of Undetermined originCNS – CVA, Head injuriesNeoplasms – tumorsCardiovascular – MI, Bacterial
Endocarditis, CHF, Tachycardias
Clinical Manifestations/Etiologies Clinical Manifestations/Etiologies of Feverof Fever
Physical Agents– Heat Stroke, Radiation, Surgery
Chemical Agents– Drugs, Anesthesia, Anaphylaxis
PsychogenicFluid Imbalances
Fever TreatmentsFever Treatments
Remove Root Cause– Sometimes Difficult
Increased fluid intakeAlcohol spongingCold Baths/Ice BathsAntipyretic Drugs (Aspirin,
Acetaminophen)– Prostaglandin inhibition (hypothalamus)
ShockShock
Low blood perfusion through vessels.– Thus, tissue delivery is low.– Any change in flow, distribution,
reduction in blood flow will cause shock.
Shock Signs and SymptomsShock Signs and Symptoms
Ashen pallor Cold, Moist SkinRapid PulseThirstDecreased Urine OutputAcidosis
Shock SyndromesShock Syndromes
Neurogenic Shock: Psychogenic, Fainting, Syncope– Pain, trauma, unpleasant sights
“Faint at the sight of blood”
Hypovolemic: Loss of blood volume– Large wounds, progressive dehydration
Sepsis: Shock due to infection
Shock SyndromesShock SyndromesCardiogenic – MI, TachycardiasMetabolic
– Fluid alteration/Electrolyte imbalance– Uremia (First Azotemia)
Kidney Failure Uremia take a long time to develop. Azotemia is measurable, without symptoms.
Allergic - Anaphylaxis
Shock TreatmentShock Treatment
Position head lower than feetWarmth (cover up)Maintain Airway (esp. in anaphylaxis)Pain KillersFluidsVassopressor Drugs – Bring up BPDiuretics (for urine increase)
What do YOU do?What do YOU do?
Position headWarmthNo administration of fluids
without trained first aiders, doctors, medical professionals.
PainPain“Discomfort”Subjective ExperienceNociception
– Stimulation of neural pathways that causes pain to be sensed.
Treatment: Painkillers – narcotic or non-narcotic
Physical – osteopathy, physiotherapy, chiropractic
Meds– Painkillers, anti-inflammatory, muscle
relaxers, steroid injections (joints or muscles).Nerve Blocks
– Drug combo. At spinal column (painkillers, steroids). Long acting.
Joint injections– Spine, shoulders, hip
http://www.painclinic.uk.com/multidisiplinary.htm
Radiofrequency Treatments– Needle carries electric pulse to destroy sensory
nerves to an area (Spine, neck, back).Pulsed radiofrequency
– Similar procedure as Radiofrequency.– “Stuns” nerve – no permanent damage.
Stimulation Therapy– TENS (Trans-Cutaneous Electrical Stimulation)
– AcupuncturePsychological/Pain management program
– Relaxation, Information, Education, Phys. Therapy, Reconditioning.
Top Related