What does not belong

Great Awakening

Daughters of Liberty

Stamp Act

Stamp Act

Sugar Act

Navigation Act

James Otis

John Dickenson

Ben Franklin

Thesis Statement

Analyze the effect of the French and Indian War and its aftermath on the

relationship between Great Britain and the British colonies. Confine your

response to the period from 1754 to 1776.

Boston Massacre

Solders take 2nd jobs in Boston –

tensions

Bar fight outside

More come out (100s) vs 7

Ringing of Church bell

Pelt Solders

Crispus Attucks (Native American %

African)

Sons of Liberty 5-1

The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated at King

Street

– Paul Revere

Aftermath

Sam Adams = driving force of trial

John Adams Defends British Soldiers

Emotions cannot override facts

Self Defense

Found Not Guilty

Soldiers leave American Colonies for

their own Protection

Repealed taxes on imported goods

in the Townshend Acts

Except tea from the East India

Company.

Boston Tea Party

Tea Act

Colonist were smuggling tea to avoid tax

The East India Company - a British tea

company, was near bankruptcy.

Parliament hoped they could help the East

India Company by making the colonists only

buy tea from them.

Boston Tea Party

(90,000 tons of it) into the harbor. It would

cost nearly $1,000,000 today.

Response to Boston Tea Party

Passes the Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)

Closes Boston Harbor

Revokes Massachusetts Charter

No town meetings

Trials would be held in England

Quartering Act

General Gage

the British commander of North American forces

appointed governor of Massachusetts

Quebec Act

Expanded rights to French Canadians

Colonist saw this as an insult or threat

Freedom of Religion - Catholic

First Continental Congress to War

Committees of Correspondence

Informal Unity against Britain

efficiently communicate with the other

colonies

Spies – Nathaniel Hale:

“My only regret is that I have but only one

life to give”

protests and boycotts of British goods

Committee of Correspondence Mobilizes

12 of 13 colonies meet

Missing Georgia

facing attacks from the restive

Creek on their borders and

desperately needed the support

of regular British soldiers.

(Continental Congress)

Declaration of Resolves

Fix Problem with Britain

Reject Galloway Plan

Plan to unite

King does not respond

Lexington to Concord

General Gage marches

Shot heard round the world

Sensing that they could be fighting a war soon, colonial leaders stored weapons at Lexington in Massachusetts.

British General Gage planned to send troops to confiscate the weapons & to arrest Sam Adams & John Hancock

Spies and friends of the Americans leaked word of Gage's plan, allowing Paul Revere and William Dawes to warn colonists that the British were coming. Samuel Prescott made it from Lexington to Concord

The colonial patriots organized a militia and met the British troops at Concord, where the first shots of the war were fired.

“The Shot Heard Round the World”

49 Americans Dead – 73 British

Time for Independence?

Many leaders still afraid of

completely separating from

Britain

Pride in being part of the

Empire

Didn’t want to make King G.

even angrier

Largest navy and professional

army in history

About ⅓ for Independence, ⅓

were loyalists, ⅓ indifferent

Second Continental Congress

(May 10, 1775)

War or independence?

Creates the Continental Army,

Appoints George Washington to lead the

army

Tried to still promote peace with King

George

Sent the Olive Branch Petition

King G. declares colonies in rebellion

Sends thousands of troops, and orders

colonial ports closed

Enlightenment’s Influence Enlightenment ideals seep into colonists’ mindset

Middle Ages = Enlightenment,

Great Awakening = Revolution

Colonists fighting for their rights against a tyrannical ruler

Social Contract

John Locke- Natural Rights

Govt. only legit if they defend the people’s life, liberty, and property

People overthrow govt. That does not protect

Thomas Hobbs – absolute rule by Kings

Montesquieu – Separation of Powers

Voltaire – Religious Tolerance and free Speech

Beccaria – The Rights of the Accused

Rousseau – people should participate directly in their government

Fourteen Guiding Principles of the

American Revolution

1. Individuals have FREE WILL.

2. Individuals possess and live by REASON.

3. We are, and need to be, governed by the RULE OF

LAW.

4. We should seek HAPPINESS.

5. We should seek our own PROSPERITY.

6. Men are created EQUAL.

7. The INDIVIDUAL is SOVEREIGN.

8. Men should CONSENT to be governed.

9. Self-preservation means produce PROPERTY.

10. Men must live in LIBERTY.

11. Individuals have RIGHTS to freedom from force.

12. There must be SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE.

13. There must be SEPARATION OF POWERS of

government.

14. Men have the RIGHT TO RESIST tyranny.

Thomas Pain

Immigrant

“Common Sense”

Writes in common language

Attacks the King and Parliament

An island should rule over and entire continent

England was only holding America back

“The cause of America is in great measure, the

cause of all mankind”

Best selling book in the Colonies

Provides rationalization for Independence

Shift to Independence Victories

Battles of Ticonderoga (May 1775)

Battle of Bunker Hill (June 1775)

100 American deaths – 200 Redcoat

Deaths

300 American Wounded – 800 Redcoats

Wounded

Americans can hold their own

British realize war wouldn’t be that easy

King hires Hessians (Germans)

30,000, 25% of all troops

Outrages the colonist

Hired guns, not fighting for a cause

Virginia governor frees some slaves

Southern Elite join the rebellion

Declaration of Independence

July 4, 1776

Breakup letter with England

Asking for French Aid

Unalienable rights: Life, Liberty, and the

pursuit of happiness

Right to rebel/overthrow government

Rights of all people, not just Englishmen

America becomes symbol of freedom to the

world

Civil War in the colonies

Loyalist vs. Patriots

England had to support the loyalist to save

Economic interest

We the People of the United

States, in Order to form a more

perfect Union, establish Justice,

insure domestic Tranquility,

provide for the common defense,

promote the general Welfare, and

secure the Blessings of Liberty to

ourselves and our Posterity, do

ordain and establish this

Constitution for the United States

of America.

Times of Crisis to Victory

Britain wins most early battles

Takes most major cities – Ney York,

Philadelphia, Charleston

Battle of Trenton/Princeton (1776)

Surprise attack day after Christmas

“Crossing of the Delaware”

Germans were hung over, easy

victories

Saves Army

Battle of Saratoga (1777)

Turning point of the war

France gets involved

Valley Forge – Low Point (1777-78)

Demonstrates American’s resolve

Franco-American Alliance

War becomes World War

England vs. Everyone Else

Native Americans did side with England

1780 – Benedict Arnold = turncoat

Battle of Yorktown 1781

Britain makes one last push in the South

Cornwallis gets surrounded and surrenders

Parliament realizes the war is lost

it’s too expensive

Treaty of Paris 1783

England recognizes US independence

America can fish off lands by Canada

Draws out new lands/borders

America must respect loyalists

Peace at Paris and effects

France wants to keep

America weak

Britain sees an opportunity

Gives generous terms

All land to the Mississippi

Change in Society

Rise of Anti-Slavery societies

Quakers 1st

Abolished in most northern

states by 1800

Gabriel’s Rebellion

Stricter rules for slaves

Racial hierarchy in the South

Separation from Church and

State in Virginia

Virginia Statute of Religious

Freedom

Women and the American Revolution

Little advancement

Nurses, took care of the home, made uniforms

Abigail Adams – “Remember the ladies”

Idea of Republican Motherhood

Women raise children to be good citizens of the Republic

Increased educational opportunities

End of aristocracy

Released entrepreneurial energies

Economic Growth