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Transcript of VSICM51_M02_VirtualizationIntro_
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2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved
Introduction to Virtualization
Module 2
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Course Introduction
Introduction to Virtualization
Creating Virtual Machines
VMware vCenter Server
Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks
Configuring and Managing vSphere Storage
Virtual Machine Management
Data Protection
Access and Authentication Control
Resource Management and Monitoring
High Availability and Fault Tolerance
Host Scalability
Patch Management
Installing VMware vSphere Components
You Are Here
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
VMware vSphere software suite is based on many components with
which a vSphere administrator should be familiar.
This module describes the basic concept of virtualization and
introduces VMware vSphere ESXi and the virtual machine.
This module discusses the fundamental vSphere components and
how vSphere can be used in your datacenter.
Importance
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Lesson 1: Introduction to Virtualization
Lesson 2: vSphere User Interfaces
Lesson 3: Overview of ESXi
Module Lessons
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Lesson 1:
Introduction to Virtualization
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
After this lesson, you should be able to do the following:
Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures.
Define a virtual machine.
Describe the benefits of using virtual machines.
Describe how the vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, and
disks. Describe ESXi architecture.
Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud.
Learner Objectives
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Different vSphere Editions
* Includes previous tier featuresvSphere Optimize
and Scale
vSphere Enterprise
Plus*
vSphere Install Configure Manage
vSphere Standard vSphere Enterprise*
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Physical Infrastructure
Fibre Channel
storage
FibreChannelEthernet
NFS
storage
iSCSI
storageNetwork
applications
operating system
physical host
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Virtual Infrastructure
hypervisor
ESXi host
Fibre
Channel
Fibre Channel
storage
Ethernet
NFS
storage
iSCSI
storage
network
virtual
machines
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Physical and Virtual Architecture
virtual architecture
x86 architecture
vSphere
physical architecture
x86 architecture
operating system
application
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
vSphere and the Software Defined Datacenter
vSphere
Pooled Storage
Pooled Computing
Pooled Networking and Security
Automation
The Software Defined Datacenter
Virtual Datacenter 2
Datacenter Services
Virtual Datacenter 1
Datacenter Services
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Why Use Virtual Machines?
Easy to relocate:
Encapsulated into files
Independent of physical hardware
Easy to manage:
Isolated from other virtual machines
Insulated from hardware changes
Provides the ability to support
legacy applications
Allows servers to be consolidated
Virtual mach inePhysical machine
Difficult to relocate:
Moves require downtime
Specific to physical Hardware
Difficult to manage:
Requires physical maintenance
Hardware failures cause downtime
Hardware has limitations:
Hardware changes limit application
support
Servers are physically individual
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
x86 architecture
operating system
application
CPU Virtualization
virtual architecture
x86 architecture
vSphere
physical architecture
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Physical and Virtualized Host Memory Usage
physical architecture virtual architecture
x86 architecture
operating system
x86 architecture
vSphere
application
1GB 2GB 8GB
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Physical and Virtual Networking
virtual architecture
vSphere
physical architecture
x86 architecture
operating system
application
virtual switch
x86 architecture
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Physical File Systems and VMware vSphere VMFS
physical architecture virtual architecture
x86 architecture
operating system
application
x86 architecture
vSphere
x86 architecture
vSphere
NTFS,ext3, UFS VMFS
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
VMFS
Linux/UNIX
Windows
File-System Layouts
C: D: E:
/
usretc opt
/
vmfs
Local
VM 1
VM 2
VM 3
VM 4
SAN
volumes
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
hybridcloud
Installing vSphere 5 creates
a virtual infrastructure. Your virtual machines
run in this virtual
infrastructure.
VMware vCloud Director
enables you to create acloud.
Third-party providers can
host public or private clouds.
VMware clouds empower
you to run your virtualmachines in a private,
public, or hybrid cloud to fit
your business needs.
How vSphere Fits into Cloud Computing
privatecloud
public
cloud
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Individual departments or internal corporate organizations (divisions) are able
to deploy and manage IT infrastructure through virtual systems as needed.
IT capabilities are provided as a service, over an intranet, within the enterprise,and behind the firewall.
What Is a Private Cloud?
Gizmo
division
Widget
division
Human
Resources
Sales
enterprise private cloud
Internet Advantages
Self-service provisioning
Elasticity of resources
Rapid and simplifiedprovisioning
Secured multitenancy
Improved use of ITresources
Better control of ITbudgets
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Advantages
A cloud service provider hosts general IT operations for multiplebusinesses.
IT resources are provided as a service over the Internet.
A public cloud is similar to a utility or an Internet service provider.
What Is a Public Cloud?
company
A
company
B
cloud service provider
company
C
Public clouds have all of theadvantages of a private cloud:
Customer management of IT Rapid and flexible deployments Efficient and cost-effective
deployments
Secure IT assets Customer companies no longer have
IT as an ongoing overhead expense.
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Some cloud-based assets are accessible internally over an intranet.
Some cloud-based assets are accessible externally over the Internet.
Companies first move applications and data to their private cloud.
Companies can reap additional cost savings by moving to an externallyaccessible cloud.
Applications are transitioned by using software that meets open standards.
What Is a Hybrid Cloud?
App
LoadsApp
Loads
App
Loads
Hybrid
Cloud
Private
Clouds
Public
Clouds
BridgeManagement Management
vSphere vSphere
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
You should be able to do the following:
Compare and contrast physical and virtual architectures.
Define a virtual machine.
Describe the benefits of using virtual machines.
Describe how the vSphere interacts with CPUs, memory, networks, anddisks.
Describe ESXi architecture.
Describe how vSphere fits into the cloud.
Review of Learner Objectives
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Lesson 2:
vSphere User Interfaces
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User Interfaces
vSphere Client
Web Client
ESXi
host
your
desktop
vCenter
Server
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
vSphere Client is an interface
used to connect remotely toVMware vCenter Server or
an ESXi host from a Windows
system.
To download the vSphere
Client:
Use the VMware
Infrastructure Management
Installer.
Download the client from the
vCenter Server system or anESXi host.
Internet access is required.
Downloading vSphere Client
Download the vSphere
Client to a supported
Windows system.
Point to the vCenter
Server or ESXi host.
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On the vSphere Client
login screen, enter thefollowing:
Host name or IP
address of ESXi host
or vCenter Server
User name
Password for that user
(Optional) Use your
Windows session
credentials.
Using the vSphere Client
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vSphere Client: Configuration Tab
C f
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Viewing Processor and Memory Configuration
Vi i ESXi S t L
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Use vSphere Client to view logs.
Viewing ESXi System Logs
Export system
logs to an archive
file: Send to VMware
Support.
Vi i Li d F t
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Viewing Licensed Features
Before purchasing
licenses, you can install
ESXi in evaluation mode:
Intended fordemonstration andevaluation purposes
Allows software to be
completely operationalimmediately afterinstallation
Does not require anylicensing configuration
Provides full functionalityfor 60 days
S h W b Cli t
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
Installer located on ISO image
Install locally to vCenter Server or to remote systems
Remote installations are recommended when possible
vSphere Web Client
https://
:9443/vsphere-client/
Install Client Integration
plug-in for console access
vSphere Web Client is included with vCenter Server Appliance
S h W b Cli t A hit t
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
vSphere Web Client Architecture
vSphere Web
Client runs withina browser
ApplicationServerthat
provides a scalable
backend
VMware vCenter
Server in either
single or Linked
mode operation
The Inventory
Serviceobtainsoptimized data live
from the core
vCenter Server
process
S h W b Cli t Pl i P k
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
vSphere Web Client Plug-in Packages
Plug-ins are now server based:
Re-created in FLEX
HTML plug-ins (temporary workaround)
VMware plug-ins:
VMware vSphere Update Manager
VMware vCenter Site Recovery Manager (SRM)
VMware vShield ManagerAll VMware solutions will integrate as they are updated.
Third party plug-ins:
EMC, NetApp, HP, Dell, and others
S h W b Cli t Obj t N i t
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
vSphere Web Client: Object Navigator
Breaks the traditional hierarchy view of an
object: Objects linked and displayed by relationships The Home screen retains its original
appearance
Allows an administrator to view objects by
solutions
Enables administrators to jump to crucial
elements faster through relationships and
object search
Reduces client clutter and repetitive
information by simplifying display of objects
Displayed objects are all that is communicated
between server and browser
Managing ESXi from the Command Prompt
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
To perform management tasks from a remote command prompt, use:
VMware vSphere Command-Line Interface (vCLI): Set of commands run from a remote Linux or Windows system and
executed on an ESXi host
Packaged as an application VMware vSphere Management Assistant (vMA):
Platform for running a variety of toolkits: vCLI VMware vSphere SDK for Perl VMware vSphere API
Packaged as a virtual appliance based on Linux VMware vSphere PowerCLI:
Automation tool for administering a vSphere environment Distributed as a snap-in to Windows PowerShell
Managing ESXi from the Command Prompt
Lab 1
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
In this lab, you will install student desktop components.
1. Access your student desktop system.2. Install the vSphere Client.
Lab 1
Review of Learner Objectives
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
You should be able to do the following:
Download and install the VMware vSphere Client. Use the vSphere Client remotely connect to an ESXi host.
View or configure ESXi settings:
Processor and memory configuration ESXi system logs Licensed Features
Use the VMware vSphere Web Client.
Manage ESXi from the command prompt.
Review of Learner Objectives
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Lesson 3:
Overview of ESXi
Learner Objectives
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
After this lesson, you should be able to do the following:
Describe ESXi architecture. Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host.
View ESXi settings:
Processor and memory configuration Licensing NTP client DNS and routing Security profile
Identify user account best practices.
Learner Objectives
VMware ESXi
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
ESXi:
Is available for purchase with vSphere 5 or a free version can bedownloaded
Has high-security
Memory hardening Kernel module integrity
Trusted platform module Has a small disk footprint
Can be installed on hard disks, SAN LUNs, USB devices, SD cards, ordirectly into memory
VMware ESXi
ESXi Architecture
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ESXi Architecture
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Configuring ESXi: root Access
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
The DCUI allows an administrator to do the following:
Set a root password (complex passwords only).
Enable or disable lockdown mode:
Limits host management to vCenter Server and user root access toDCUI only
Configuring ESXi: root Access
Configuring ESXi: Management Network
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
The DCUI allows you to modify network settings:
Host name IP configuration (IP address, subnet mask, default gateway)
DNS servers
Configuring ESXi: Management Network
Configuring ESXi: Other Settings
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The DCUI allows an administrator to do the following:
Configure keyboard layout. View support information.
View system logs.
Enable troubleshooting services, when required.
Configuring ESXi: Other Settings
ESXi as an NTP Client
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Network Time Protocol (NTP) is a
client-server protocol used to
synchronize a computers clock to atime reference.
NTP is important:
For accurate performance graphs
For accurate time stamps in logmessages
So that virtual machines have asource to synchronize with
An ESXi host can be configured as anNTP client.
It can synchronize time with an NTPserver on the Internet or yourcorporate NTP server.
ESXi as an NTP Client
NTP
server
NTPclient
NTPserver
NTP
server
ESXi host
NTP client uses
UDP over port 123
to communicate
with NTP server.
Network Settings: DNS and Routing
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The DNS and
Routing linkenables you to
change these
settings:
Host name and
domain DNS server
addresses andsearch domains
Default VMkernel
gateway
Network Settings: DNS and Routing
Remote Access Settings: Security Profile
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On ESXi hosts:
Remote clients are prevented from accessing services on the host. Local clients are prevented from accessing services on remote hosts.
Unless configured otherwise, daemons will start and stop with the ESXihost:
For example, DCUI or NTP server
Remote Access Settings: Security Profile
ESXi User Account Best Practices
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You should implement the following user account best practices:
Strictly control root privileges to the ESXi host. Use the vSphere Client to manage the ESXi host.
Ideally, use vCenter Serverand thus vCenter Server user accountsto manage hosts.
ESXi User Account Best Practices
Lab 2
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
In this lab, you will configure an ESXi host.
1. Connect to an ESXi host with the vSphere Client.2. View the host hardware configuration.
3. Configure the DNS and routing information for an ESXi host.
4. Configure an ESXi host as an NTP client.
5. Configure an ESXi host to use the directory services.
Lab 2
Review of Learner Objectives
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VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, ManageRevision A
You should be able to do the following:
Describe ESXi architecture.
Use the vSphere Client to access an ESXi host.
View ESXi settings:
Processor and memory configuration Licensing NTP client DNS and routing Security profile
Identify user account best practices.
Review of Learner Objectives
Key Points
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Using virtual machines solves many datacenter problems.
Virtual machines are hardware independent.
Virtual machines share the physical resources of the ESXi host onwhich they reside.
A virtual machine is a set of files that are easy to transfer and back up.
Virtual machine files are encapsulated into a folder and placed on a
datastore.
ESXi runs directly on the host.
vSphere abstracts CPU, memory, storage, and networking for virtualmachine use.
Questions?
y