Unit 6 Ancient Greece

Lesson 4 Alexander the Great

Alexander’s Conquests Two years after Alexander became king of

Macedonia, he invaded the Persian Empire During battle, Alexander’s soldiers were

outnumbered by the Persians. Alexander told his troops to keep fighting.

The Persians were terrified and retreated. Alexander won.

Alexander’s Conquests Alexander then turned south to conquer Syria

and Phoenicia. He invaded and conquered Egypt and was crowned as pharaoh.

A Great Empire Alexander’s army defeated the Persians and

began to head to India. They encountered monsoons and were too

exhausted to continue to travel (they had been traveling and fighting for 5 years!)

Alexander marched his army back to Greece, but he died at the age of 33 before he made it back.

A Great Empire Alexander’s rule lasted about 13 years. He

created a vast (large) empire in Europe, Asia, and Africa.

He founded many new cities. He spread Greek culture and also adopted

many Asian ways. The blending of Greek and Asian cultures is

called the Hellenistic Age.

The Hellenistic Age Three of Alexander’s generals divided his

land after he died Hellenistic culture spread over a large part of

Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia. Trade grew between Hellenistic cities and

far-off parts of the world: Spices and perfumes from India Silk from China Ivory and gold from Africa

The Hellenistic Age Alexandria was one of the cities in Egypt

founded by Alexander the Great. It became the greatest center of trade and learning. Its population had more than a million people (Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, and Sudanese). It had the busiest harbor in the ancient world. The library in Alexandria was one of the greatest in the world. The lighthouse at Alexandria was the first known lighthouse.

Discovery and Invention Greek science and mathematics reached their

peaks: Hippocrates- “father of medicine”- a doctor

who looked for natural causes of diseases. Archimedes- the most famous inventor of this

time and an important mathematician. Pythagoras- created important theories about

numbers and music. Started a school that led to the development of geometry.

Euclid- most important mathematician. Worked out the system of plane geometry (still studied today!),

Lesson 4 Review Alexander the Great became king of

Macedonia after his father died. Alexander conquered many lands and

created an empire. The Hellenistic Age is the combining of

ideas from Greece and Asia. Many advancements in mathematics and

science occurred during the Hellenistic Age

STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!! Vocabulary:1. Agora2. Plunder3. Aristocracy4. Democracy5. Myth6. Plague7. Immortal8. Mercenary9. Philosopher10. Reason

STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!! People and Terms:1. Crete2. Mediterranean Sea3. Sparta4. Homer5. Pericles6. Alexandria7. Delian League8. Golden Age9. Philosophers & Mathematicians/Doctors

STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!!1. What responsibilities did the people of

Athens have?2. What city did Alexander the Great found in

Egypt?3. How did the geography of Greece affect the

way Greek society developed?4. Describe the differences between Athens

and Sparta.5. Who were some of the great philosophers of

Athens during its Golden Age?6. What effect did Alexander the Great have on

Greek culture?