Thomas Nordmark LKAB Business & Technology Development - International Keynote Address: Overcoming...
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OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF
OPERATING HEAVY AXLE-LOAD IN
NORTHERN SCANDINAVIA
Thomas Nordmark Rail Road Specialist
LKAB Business & Technology Development Sweden
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INTRODUCTION
• Northern Scandinavia together with northern Russia is
called the Barents region and is very rich on natural
resources, oil & gas, minerals, lumber, hydro power, fish
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NORWAY SWEDEN
FINLAND
RUSSIA
Luleå
Malmberget
Svappavaara Kiruna
Narvik
INTRODUCTION
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• 30 tonnes axle load now
upgrading to 32,5 tonnes.
INTRODUCTION
• The Ore line “Malmbanan”
between Luleå in south and
Narvik in north is the only
heavy haul railway i Europe
Kiruna - Narvik
Luleå - Malmberget 550m
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FACTS MALMBANAN Built 1902 (single track), Annual gross load 40 MGT
Maximum speed 120 km/h, Maximum train length 750 m
Most curves 300 – 600 m, 12 ton/m, total length 540 km
ERTMS 2018, study for double track performed
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FACTS ORE TRAIN
• 17 IORE locos, 15.000 hp, tractive effort 1200 kN
• 1150 Ore waggons, bottom discharge
• Speed 60 and 70 km/h
• Front end power and 68 cars = 750 m
• Total weight 8.500 ton
• Transport 30 Mton/annually
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DEREGULATED RAIL WAY
• Application for train slots (8 months in advance)
• Access charges based on tonkm and train type
• Quality charges – penalty for delayed trains
OPERATOR 1 OPERATOR 2 OPERATOR 3 OPERATOR 4
NATIONAL RAIL ADMINISTRATION
TRAFIKVERKET -- IN SWEDEN
JERNBANEVERKET - IN NORWAY
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ONE OF THE MOST SCENIC RAIL WAYS
IN THE WORLD – ANY CHALLENGES
FOR RUNNING HEAVY HAUL?
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CONDITIONS - WINTER
Temperatures below - 40°C and snow depth 1 – 2 m.
Example
• Switch heaters is used
from October through
April.
• Gauge face lubrication
and ToR do not work
during winter.
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CONDITIONS - WINTER
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INTRODUCTION
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CONDITIONS - SUMMER
• Summer: Extremely short period for track maintenance
Examples
• During 12 weeks (June – August) track work can be
performed. Take away 6 – 8 hours from traffic.
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CONDITIONS - SUMMER
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NARVIK
VASSIJAURE
BJÖRKLIDEN
KIRUNA MB
KIRUNA MB S
RÅTSI
SVAPPAVAARA
MTAB 2014 v22-33 M,O,To
2014-04-23 10:10:15
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TRACK MAINTENANCE
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CHALLENGES NOT ANY DIFFERENT FROM AUSTRALIA?
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
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IORE THE ENERGY EFFICIENT LOCO
On the Riksgränsen-Narvik
stretch, energy expenses are zero
on the Norwegian side and the
energy gained there is sufficient to
power the empty trains back to
Riksgränsen.
A fully loaded
train set, running
the Malmberget-
Luleå stretch
without stopping,
can reach near-
zero energy
consumption.
Dual energy meters
measure consumed
and regenerated
electricity.
The use of regenerative
electric brakes on the
IORE locomotives has
meant annual energy
savings of about USD 2
million.
Narvik Kiruna
Malmberget
Luleå
The CATO (Computer Aided
Train Operation) system
provides a 20 percent
reduction in energy costs.
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IT SYSTEM FOR ENERGY EFFICENT
TRAINS - CATO
CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
CATO Among Leading Green Innovations world wide
To enhance performance of the Heavy Haul operation LKAB
and Trafikverket implemented 2011 an advanced On Line
Communication Based Driver Advisory System called CATO.
The idea was to:
- Save energy
- Less stops for loaded trains
- A more robust train schedule
- Better information to the driver
- Better communication between dispatcher and driver
SAFETY
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Main objectives:
• More efficient train dispatching
and increased utilization of line
capacity
• Reduced energy and power
consumption
• Reduced wear on vehicles and
track
Supplier of system:
- optimal curve speeds
- adhesion, avoidance of excessive traction & breaking
- ”soft” speed restrictions for track defects
CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
IT SYSTEM FOR ENERGY EFFICENT
TRAINS - CATO
SAFETY COST
EFF.
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• The electro dynamic breaking together with new wagons with lower rolling resistance give an energy saving of 25 percent.
• The CATO system provide LKAB with a further saving of about USD 2 million per year.
• Electricity expenses for train operation at LKAB amount to about USD 9 million per year.
• Overall, the transition to new trains with modern technology, and continued investment in new technology, has reduced energy expenses for iron ore shipments by USD 5 million per year.
ENERGY EFFICIENT HAULING
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eMAINTENANCE or Condition Monitoring
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
I’m running
at 1434 rpm
I’m 75ºC and I’m
hot!
The load is
455 N
My Remaining
Useful Life is
372119 revolutions
I need more
grease!
I’m
unaligned
I feel fine but you’d
better check the rest
of the machine
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eMAINTENANCE
• On-line information is soon available from every train
passage – many GByte/train!
• How to incorporate this data into the maintenance
process?
• Need tools and routines to refine the data, present it, set
maintenance limits so we can take the right decisions in
our maintenance regime.
• A joint project is launched between Trafikverket, the
operators and the University of Luleå to demonstrate the
benefits. It´s called ePilot119.
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
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eMAINTENANCE
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
More info products
www.damill.com
Contenary
Tracker Track Logger
S&C OH-Camera
Track Stiffness Measurement Automated OH Line Inspection
Automated Wagon Inspection
Track Force
Monitoring
Wheel Profile
Monitoring
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eMAINTENANCE
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NEW MINES
• Great investments in logistic system
• Need for budget intelligent low cost solutions
• An example of an idea for small mines is “Turn Dumper”
CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF. SAFETY
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NEW CONCEPT – TURN DUMPER KIRUNA WAGON
• High unloading capacity
• Ultralight wagons
• Robust and low-cost
unloading station
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
Turning ore logistics upside down
www.kirunawagon.com
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NEW CONCEPT – TURN DUMPER KIRUNA WAGON
• Low cost unloading station
• Low cost wagons
• High productivity
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
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NEW CONCEPT – TURN DUMPER KIRUNA WAGON
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
Turn
Dumper
Side
Discharge
Bottom
Discharge
Gondola
Car Rotator
Wagon price
Unloading Station price
Unloading capacity
Wagon tare weight
System reliability
System running cost
Suitable for Pellets
Concentrate
Rock
Wet material
Hazardous goods
Pellets
Concentrate
Hazardous goods
Pellets
Rocks Other commodities
that are easy to
unload
Pellets
Rocks Other commodities
that are easy to
unload
• Comparison
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NEW CONCEPT – TURN DUMPER KIRUNA WAGON
• Multiple unloading for increased discharge rate Discharge rate: Up to 3100 tonnes/h and station
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
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NEW CONCEPT – TURN DUMPER KIRUNA WAGON
SAFETY CAPACITY SUSTAIN-
ABILITY
COST
EFF.
• The self-supporting basket can be moved between different
transportation units, in the same way as a container.
www.kirunawagon.com
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OTHER TYPE OF
CHALLENGE –
MOVE A CITY
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NEW KIRUNA
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QUESTIONS?
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING