Status of HL-2A HL-2A Team (Presented by Longwen Yan) Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu,...
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Status of HL-2A Status of HL-2A HL-2A Team (Presented by Longwen Yan) Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu, China Presentation for IEA PD and LT activities on May 21, 2007
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Transcript of Status of HL-2A HL-2A Team (Presented by Longwen Yan) Southwestern Institute of Physics, Chengdu,...
Status of HL-2AStatus of HL-2A
HL-2A Team(Presented by Longwen Yan)
Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu China
Presentation for IEA PD and LT activities on May 21 2007
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A tokamak bull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI fueling with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of the ECRH with power of 2MW Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
Introduction of HL-2A Tokamak
Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Plasma parameters of HL-2A tokamak have been
increased significantly with the improvement of the hardware
bull The stable and reproducible discharges with divertor configuration have been obtained by reliable feedback control and wall conditioning techniques
BT 28 T 27 T
bullIP 480 kA 430 kA
bullDuration 30 sbullPlasma density 60 x 1019 m-3
bullElectron temperature ~5 keVbullIon temperature gt1 keVbullFuelling system GP SMBI PI
bullHeating sys ECRH LHCD NBI
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
The red values are for the next phase
bull Four gyrotrons provide power 2MW with f = 68 GHz bull Transmission system consists of oversized wave-guides wit
h diameter of 8 cm and some metallic reflectors bull Microwave is launched into plasma perpendicularly to tor
oidal field at the LFS as an ordinary mode
Antenna structure of the ECRH system on HL-2A
ECRH Quasi-Optical Transmission amp Antenna
HL-2A tokamak
Gyrotron
Window of gyrotron
Mode absorption
Superconducting magnet
Waveguide
Fuelling Systems Gas Puffing Multiple Pellet Injection Molecule Beam Injection
Fueling SystemsFueling Systems
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A tokamak bull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI fueling with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of the ECRH with power of 2MW Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
Introduction of HL-2A Tokamak
Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Plasma parameters of HL-2A tokamak have been
increased significantly with the improvement of the hardware
bull The stable and reproducible discharges with divertor configuration have been obtained by reliable feedback control and wall conditioning techniques
BT 28 T 27 T
bullIP 480 kA 430 kA
bullDuration 30 sbullPlasma density 60 x 1019 m-3
bullElectron temperature ~5 keVbullIon temperature gt1 keVbullFuelling system GP SMBI PI
bullHeating sys ECRH LHCD NBI
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
The red values are for the next phase
bull Four gyrotrons provide power 2MW with f = 68 GHz bull Transmission system consists of oversized wave-guides wit
h diameter of 8 cm and some metallic reflectors bull Microwave is launched into plasma perpendicularly to tor
oidal field at the LFS as an ordinary mode
Antenna structure of the ECRH system on HL-2A
ECRH Quasi-Optical Transmission amp Antenna
HL-2A tokamak
Gyrotron
Window of gyrotron
Mode absorption
Superconducting magnet
Waveguide
Fuelling Systems Gas Puffing Multiple Pellet Injection Molecule Beam Injection
Fueling SystemsFueling Systems
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Introduction of HL-2A Tokamak
Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Plasma parameters of HL-2A tokamak have been
increased significantly with the improvement of the hardware
bull The stable and reproducible discharges with divertor configuration have been obtained by reliable feedback control and wall conditioning techniques
BT 28 T 27 T
bullIP 480 kA 430 kA
bullDuration 30 sbullPlasma density 60 x 1019 m-3
bullElectron temperature ~5 keVbullIon temperature gt1 keVbullFuelling system GP SMBI PI
bullHeating sys ECRH LHCD NBI
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
The red values are for the next phase
bull Four gyrotrons provide power 2MW with f = 68 GHz bull Transmission system consists of oversized wave-guides wit
h diameter of 8 cm and some metallic reflectors bull Microwave is launched into plasma perpendicularly to tor
oidal field at the LFS as an ordinary mode
Antenna structure of the ECRH system on HL-2A
ECRH Quasi-Optical Transmission amp Antenna
HL-2A tokamak
Gyrotron
Window of gyrotron
Mode absorption
Superconducting magnet
Waveguide
Fuelling Systems Gas Puffing Multiple Pellet Injection Molecule Beam Injection
Fueling SystemsFueling Systems
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
Auxiliary Heating amp Current Drive
The red values are for the next phase
bull Four gyrotrons provide power 2MW with f = 68 GHz bull Transmission system consists of oversized wave-guides wit
h diameter of 8 cm and some metallic reflectors bull Microwave is launched into plasma perpendicularly to tor
oidal field at the LFS as an ordinary mode
Antenna structure of the ECRH system on HL-2A
ECRH Quasi-Optical Transmission amp Antenna
HL-2A tokamak
Gyrotron
Window of gyrotron
Mode absorption
Superconducting magnet
Waveguide
Fuelling Systems Gas Puffing Multiple Pellet Injection Molecule Beam Injection
Fueling SystemsFueling Systems
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
bull Four gyrotrons provide power 2MW with f = 68 GHz bull Transmission system consists of oversized wave-guides wit
h diameter of 8 cm and some metallic reflectors bull Microwave is launched into plasma perpendicularly to tor
oidal field at the LFS as an ordinary mode
Antenna structure of the ECRH system on HL-2A
ECRH Quasi-Optical Transmission amp Antenna
HL-2A tokamak
Gyrotron
Window of gyrotron
Mode absorption
Superconducting magnet
Waveguide
Fuelling Systems Gas Puffing Multiple Pellet Injection Molecule Beam Injection
Fueling SystemsFueling Systems
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Fuelling Systems Gas Puffing Multiple Pellet Injection Molecule Beam Injection
Fueling SystemsFueling Systems
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
SMBISMBIPellet Pellet
Injection Injection 2500kW 2500kW 1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
15MW15MW55keV2s55keV2sNBI systemNBI system
2500kW2500kW1s 1s 68GHz 68GHz ECRHCDECRHCD
2500kW 1S 2500kW 1S 245GHz 245GHz LHCD LHCD systemsystem
Thomson Thomson ScatteringScattering
CXRCXRSS
8-Channel HCN 8-Channel HCN interferometerinterferometer
VUV spectrometerVUV spectrometer
MW MW reflectometerreflectometer
ECEECE
Fast reciprocating Fast reciprocating probesprobesNeutral Neutral
Particle Particle AnalyzerAnalyzer
SDD soft X ray spectrumSDD soft X ray spectrum
Bolometer amp Soft X ray Bolometer amp Soft X ray arraysarrays
More than 30 kinds More than 30 kinds of Diagnostics of Diagnostics
developeddeveloped
Diagnostic Systems
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
OUTLINEOUTLINE
bull Introduction of HL-2A Tokamakbull Auxiliary Heating amp Fueling Systems bull Diagnostic systemsbull Experimental progress
Results of divertor and high density experiments Results of SMBI with LN temperature Results of GAM zonal flows Results of 2MW ECRH Disruption mitigation and MHD mode coupling Conclusions
bull Experimental Plan in 2007bull Modification for HL-2A
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
bullIp=433 kA Bt=27 T
bullne = 6 1019 m-3
bullTe=5 keV
bull23 divertor discharges
with good reproducibility
Discharge Parameter Progress
Discharge Parameter Progress
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
The discharges with lower single null configuration are often conducted
The high density is obtained by direct gas-puffing SMBI and PI fuelling
The Greenwald density limit can be exceeded with SMBI fueling
05
0000 50
1q
a
neRBT
Disruption
Greenwald limit
SMBI
Disruption free
Divertor and High density Experiments
Divertor and High density Experiments
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Numerical analysis of HL-2A divertor discharges is conducted with SOLPS 50 code indicating the linear regime appearing at edge density ne le
05times1019m-3 detached regime in 2times1019m-3 le ne le 3times1019m-3
Plasma detachment is easily obtained due to the long divertor legs and thin divertor throats according to the modeling
In experiment the phenomenon similar to the partially detached divertor regime is observed with line averaged ne = 15times1019 m-3 in main plasma
Modeling for Modeling for Detached PlasmaDetached Plasma
ne = 05times1019m-3 ne = 25times1019m-3 ne = 30times1019m-3
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Penetration depth Penetration depth scaling of SMBIscaling of SMBI The penetration depth is studied
by FFT analysis with modulated SMBI
The SMBI penetration depth with room temperature depends on the electron density temperature and the pressure of working gas
Asymmetric penetration with SMBI is observed by ECE and soft X- rays in low density ( ~1times1019m-3)
The penetration depth is about 30 cm from the LFS and only about 10 cm from the HFS
306020 PTnCd ee
The particle diffusion coefficient is about 05 ~ 15 m2s at ra = 06 ~ 075 which is about 14 of the electron heat diffusivity
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Cluster Cluster SMBISMBI with LN with LN temperaturetemperature New SMBI system using gas pressure of 02~30 MPa and L
iquid Nitrogen temperature A hydrogen cluster contains about 250 atoms at pressure of
10 MPa measured by the intensity of Rayleigh scattering The cold beam with LN temperature can penetrate into plas
ma deeply
P0 bar
SRS au
SRS~P014
center
edge
Room TempLN Temp
SRS intensity of Rayleigh scattering H intensity withwithout LN Temp
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Toroidal symmetry of Toroidal symmetry of GAM ZF GAM ZF A novel design of three-step Langmuir probes is developed for ZF study
The radial component of electric field and gradient of Er
The toroidal poloidal and radial coherencies of electric potential can be calc
ulated using potentials Φ1~Φ11 Φ1~Φ6 and Φ1~Φ7 respectively
rE fffr )2)(( 3211 254132 )2)(( rrE fffffr
]|)(|)()([)()(ˆ 233
221
233
2 ffvfvfBfb fr
)()()()( 213
3212
3 ffffvfvfB fr
Bdv ffr )( 31 BEv r 1
225
θ 65cmd
T PB I
Toroidal
Poloidal
Radial
40mmr
θ2 70mm θ1 45mm
Poloidal
12
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
1112
13
14
15
A
B
C
To explore the generation mechanism of the GAM ZFs squared cross- bicoherence is calculated
L W Yan et al Rev Sci Instru 77 113501 (2006)
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
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- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
3D features of GAM 3D features of GAM Zonal Flow Zonal Flow
K J Zhao et al Phy Rev Lett 96 (2006) 255004 Bicoherence of three wave coupling
Toroidal symmetry (n ~ 0) of the GAM zonal flow in a tokamak is identified for the first time
Poloidal mode number of GAMZF is m=0-1 The radial wavelength of GAMZF is 24-42 cm Nonlinear three wave coupling is identified to
be a plausible physics mechanism for the generation of the GAM ZFs
Studies of interactions between the ZFs and the ambient turbulences are in progress
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
bull The fundamental O-mode ECRF with the wide steering angles in poloidal and toroidal directions can modify the profiles of electron temperature and current profile
bull Tegt3 keV is measured with TS and ECE for shot 5985
High Te obtained by ECRH
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Electron Fishbone Instabilitym=1n=1 mode bursts
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Most quench times of plasma currents in HL-2A are 4~6 ms in the major disruptions
A new parameter the amplitude multiplies the period of MHD perturbation ( ) is introduced to predict disruption
The disruption mitigation by noble gas (Neon and Ar) puffing are demonstrated current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
Statistic analysis of Statistic analysis of disruptionsdisruptions
dtB ~
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure is observed in sawtooth free plasma after PI (or SMBI)
The m = 1 mode is detected with soft X ray arrays but not detected by Mirnov coils
An m = 2 magnetic perturbation with the same frequency is observed during the decay of m = 1 mode
Coupling of m = 1 Coupling of m = 1 and 2 modesand 2 modes
Snake
m = 1m = 1
m = 2m = 2
Cou
pli
ng
regi
on
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
SummarySummary Maximum parameters 433kA27T6x1019m-35keV3s A penetration depth scaling of SMBI is revealed The
cluster SMBI with LNT can penetrate deeper The particle diffusion coefficient of modulated SMBI is 05-15 m2s
3-D features of GAM ZFs are determined with novel 3-step Langmuir probes for the first time The poloidal and toroidal symmetries (m=0~1 n = 0) of the low frequency (7~9 kHz) electric potential and field are simultaneously observed
Electron fishbone is observed with the ECRH of 2MW68GHz A large persistent m = 1 perturbation with snake structure
is observed after PI (or SMBI) A new parameter of magnetic perturbation is introduced to
predict the disruption The noble gas injection successfully increase the current quench time to 20 ms from 5 ms
The fully or partially detached divertor is easy occurrence even if in medium density The numerical simulation results are in agreement with experimental ones
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Confinement transport amp
turbulence study in 2007
bull H-mode physics with ECRH (2MW) and LHCD (05MW)
bull Zonal flow mechanism with GAM and near zero frequencies
bull Thermal transport by modulated ECRH non-local thermal transport via ECRH and SMBI
bull ITB with off-axis heating and SMBIbull Impurity transport using LBO of Ti Al Mobull Optimization of density profile by PI and MBIbull Density limit using mixed fuelling technique by GP
+ PI or GP + PI + MBI
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
MHD instability disruption amp its
mitigation study in 2007
bull MHD stabilities in low q (q lt 3) dischargesbull Seed island suppression and sawteeth control by
ECCDbull ELM features in H-mode dischargebull Disruption mitigation using the MBI of argon i
mpurity injection by LBObull Database for disruption prediction bull Sawtooth activities during ECRHbull Correlation between MHD activities and confine
ment bull Instabilities induced by energetic electrons
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
-
Boundary and divertor physics
bull Wall conditioning using siliconization and boronization
bull First mirror and its properties
bull Radiative and pumped divertor
bull Temperature and density fluctuations
bull Detachment physics in divertor chamber
Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
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Heating and Current Drive
bull Optimization of heating and current drive for ECRF with 1~2 MW
bull Synergy of ECCD amp LHCD
bull NBI heating with power 15 MW
bull ITB comparison among HL-2A TEXTOR and T-10
Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
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Plasma current Ip = 12MA
Major radius R = 18 m
Miner radius a = 05 m
Aspect ratio Ra = 36
Elongation Κ = 16 ndash 18
Triangularity δ gt 04
Toroidal field BT = 26T
Flux swing ΔΦ= 10Vs
Duration td = 3 s
The main parameters
HL-2M TOKAMAK
Thank you for
your attention
- Slide 1
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Thank you for
your attention
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