saqarTvelos qalaquri mosaxleoba religiuri da politikuri...

1

saqarTvelos qalaquri mosaxleoba religiuri da politikuri sakiTxebis

Sesaxeb

gamokiTxva Catarda 2008 wlis martis pirvel naxevarSi da moicva 1000 respondenti

TbilisSi (500), gorsa (200) da quTaisSi (300). Semsruleblebi - sainiciativo jgufi

(koordinatori rusudan avaliSvili, samecniero xelmZRvaneli fsiq. mecn. kandidati

gaga niJaraZe), socialuri kvlevisa da analizis institutTan TanamSromlobiT

(interviuerebi, monacemTa kodireba).

2

meTodologia

a) sociologiuri gamokvlevis tipi: raodenobrivi sociologiuri gamokvleva

b) kvlevis meTodi: sociologiuri kvleva Catarda gamokiTxvis meTodiT, kerZod,

pirispir (face to face) intervius formis gamoyenebiT.

g) kvlevis sagani: saqarTvelos qalaquri mosaxleobis Sexedulebebi religiasa da

politikasTan dakavSirebul aqtualur sakiTxebze.

kvlevis obieqti: sociologiuri gamokvleva Catarda saqarTvelos urbanuli centrebis

(qalaqebis) mosaxleobis masStabiT. sul gamoikiTxa saqarTvelos sami urbanuli

centris (qalaqis) mosaxleoba: Tbilisis, quTaisisa da goris. qalaqebis SerCeva moxda

saqarTvelos regionebis warmomadgenlobis gaTvaliswinebiT da damkveTis intresebis

Sesabamisad.

SerCeva: respondentTa SerCeva ganxorcielda rogorc kvoturi, ise SemTxveviTi

SerCevis principebis dacviT. kerZod, SerCeviTi erTobliobis moculobis

gaTvaliswinebiT da SerCevis reprezentatulobis uzrunvelsayofad, generalur

erTobliobaSi mocemuli proporciebis Sesabamisad winaswar ganisazRvra respondentTa

kvotebi sqesis da asakobrivi jgufebis mixedviT. rac Seexeba ojaxebSi respondentTa

amorCevis wess, aRniSnuli kvotebis farglebSi, SemTxveviTobis maqsimalurad

uzrunvelsayofad, gamoyenebul iqna uaxloesi dabadebis dRis principi. im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu ojaxis wevrTa Soris am principiT SerCeuli pirovneba kvotas ar Seesabameboda,

interviueri gadadioda Semdeg ojaxze da ase moZraobda manam, vidre sasurvel

respondents ar ipovida. ojaxebs Soris intervali (biji) gansxvavebulad ganisazRvra

TbilisisaTvis (yoveli me-11 ojaxi) da danarCeni urbanuli centrebisaTvis (yoveli me-

7 ojaxi). im SemTxvevaSi, Tu, raime mizeziT, SeuZlebeli iyo ojaxTan da

respondentTan kavSiris damyareba, interviuers ekrZaleboda uaxloes ojaxTan

dakavSireba da ganagrZobda moZraobas bijis dacviT. aman uzrunvelyo respondentTa

gafantuloba da sakvlevi urbanuli centrebis maqsimaluri mocva. damatebiT

TbilisisaTvis respondentebs miewodaT SerCevis geografiuli wertilebi da

gadaadgilebis sivrciTi areali (quCebisa da ubnebis mixedviT), ramac gamoricxa erTsa

da imave wertilSi ganmeorebiTi vizitebis SesaZlebloba. damkveTis interesebidan

gamomdinare gamoikiTxa mxolod qarTveli marTlmamdidebeli respondentebi.

generalur erTobliobas warmoadgenda SerCevaSi moxvedrili qalaqebis 18 wlis da

zeviT mosaxleoba. kvotebi (sqesis da asakis mixedviT) ganisazRvra TiToeuli qalaqis

mosaxleobaSi mocemuli proporciebis Sesabamisad. TbilisisaTvis kvotebi ganisazRvra

raionebis (sul 10 raioni) mosaxleobis zomis gaTvaliswinebiT.

SerCeviTi erTobliobis moculoba Seadgenda 1000 respondents. TiTioeuli

qalaqisaTvis respondentTa raodenoba ganisazRvra imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom daculi

yofiliyo kvlevis Sedegebis reprezentatuloba.

3

savele samuSaoebSi monawileoba miiRo 26-ma interviuerma, romelTac aqvT

sociologiur kvlevebSi monawileobis didi gamocdileba. maT CautardaT specialuri

instruqtaJi kiTxvaris specifikis gaTvaliswinebiT.

monacemebis analizi: pirveladi sociologiuri masala damuSavda SPSS kompiuteruli

programis gamoyenebiT. analizisas gamoyenebul iqna iseTi meTodebi, rogoricaa

monacemebis dajgufeba da tipologizacia, korelaciuri analizi, regresiuli analizi

da sxv.

wina wlebis gamokiTxvebi. 2003, 2004 da 2006 wlebSi msgavsi sociologiuri

gamokiTxvebi, sxvadasxva programebis farglebSi ganaxorciela konfliqtebisa da

molaparakebebis saerTaSoriso kvleviTma centrma (ICCN) (2003 wels, iseve rogorc

mocemuli gamokiTxva, Catarda TbilisSi, gorsa da quTaisSi, xolo 2004 da 2006

wlebSi amas daemata baTumi). anketis zogierTi punqti meordeboda yvela xsenebul

gamokiTxvaSi, rac garkveul sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi sazogadoebrivi azris dinamikis

suraTis warmodgenis SesaZleblobas gvaZlevs. amitom, Sesabamisi monacemebi wlebis

mixedviTaa warmodgenili.

4

Sedegebi da analizi

1. miiCnevT Tu ara Tavs morwmuned?

2003 2004 2006 2008

sakuTari Tavi Zlier morwmuned mimaCnia 18.5 16,9 25,4 24,1

sakuTari Tavi met-naklebad morwmuned mimaCnia 77.8 77,9 66.1 71.8

sakuTari Tavi ar mimaCnia morwmuned 5.3 4,8 6.2 3.7

miWirs pasuxis gacema 0.4 0,2 2.3 0.4

rogorc vxedavT, Tu aviRebT jamur maCvenebels (sakuTari Tavi Zlier morwmuned mimaCnia +

sakuTari Tavi met-naklebad morwmuned mimaCnia), mosaxleobis nawili, romelic Tavs morwmuned

miiCnevs, Zalze maRalia, imdenad maRali, rom SeiZleba davaskvnaT: dRes saqarTveloSi religia

erT-erTi mTavari socialuri identifikatoria (erovnebasTan erTad), xolo arareligiurobis

aRiareba pirovnebas sazogadoebis TvalSi `saxes ukargavs~; yovel SemTxvevaSi, qalaqis

mosaxleobaSi. amasTan, morwmuneTa zrdis tendenciac ki SeimCneva. am fonze sainteresoa

`Zlieri morwmuneebis~ erTgvari kleba 2004 wels, rac, Cveni varaudiT, asaxavs politikur

viTarebas qveyanaSi. zogadad, SeiZleba davuSvaT, rom eklesiisaken swrafva imatebs

gaurkvevlobis, krizisis, stagnaciis pirobebSi, roca adamianebs dasayrdenis Ziebis

moTxovnileba uCndebaT. 2004 wels ki gamokiTxva daemTxva `vardebis revoluciis~ Semdgom

periods, romelmac mosaxleobaSi optimisturi ganwyoba gamoiwvia, risi gamoxatulebac unda

iyos miRebuli Sedegebi.

2. ramdenad xSirad asrulebT qvemoT CamoTvlil religiur ritualebs?

2003 regularulad zogjer iSviaTad arasodes

1. davdivar moZRvarTan 9.8 13.2 19.8 57.3

2. veswrebi wirva-locvas 12.6 26.6 36.6 24.8

3. vmarxulob 11.6 12.0 17.8 58.7

4. vambob aRsarebas/veziarebi 9.5 9.6 13.8 67.2




3. vmarxulob 12.6 14.6 17.9 49.9





3. vmarxulob 16.2 16.1 21.6 46.2



5



3. vmarxulob 14.5 12.6 17.1 55.8


amrigad,, morwmune respondentTa daaxloebiT 12-17% SeiZleba CaiTvalos zedmiwevniT

eklesiurad, Tumca SeimCneva am kategoriis neli zrda. eklesiuri ritualebidan yvelaze

xSirad sruldeba daswreba wirva-locvaze, xolo yvalaze naklebad – aRsareba-ziareba. Sedegi

gasagebia: yvelaze xSirad sruldeba naklebad arakomfortuli rituali.

3. rogorc SeafasebdiT qvemoT CamoTvlili struqturebis saqmianobas?

2003

struqtura dadebiTad ufro

dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs pasuxis

gacema

1. saqarTvelos

parlamenti

1.2 4.7 22.7 71.5 0

2. saqarTvelos mTavroba 1.1 4.2 19.3 75.4 0

3. arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi

5.9 25.0 28.1 38.6 2.4

4. sapatriarqo 38.6 38.2 12.7 9.0 1.5

5. masmedia 25.6 41.3 18.3 14.5 0.3

6. policia 2.3 5.7 16.7 75.2 0.1

7. prokuratura 3.0 5.5 17.1 73.8 0.7

8. sasamarTlo 3.1 8.0 20.3 67.6 0.7

2004


dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad


gacema

1. saqarTvelos

parlamenti

9.6 35.0 29.6 23.9 1.7

2. saqarTvelos mTavroba 15.5 35.9 25.4 22.4 0.7

3. arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi

15.0 32.7 22.1 24.5 5.6

4. sapatriarqo 52.1 32.1 6.8 4.1 4.8

5. masmedia 31.7 36.6 17.0 13.6 0.8

6. policia 17.5 26.1 23.1 31.3 2.0

7. prokuratura 11.1 20.0 27.1 38.7 3.0

8. sasamarTlo 10.2 20.2 25.6 40.2 3.8

2006


dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad


gacema

1. saqarTvelos

parlamenti

13.8 31.0 26.8 21.2 7.3


3. arasamTavrobo 11.0 31.0 22.8 21.0 14.2

6

organizaciebi

4. sapatriarqo 69.0 16.4 3.4 1.9 9.3

5. masmedia 28.0 38.1 18.5 11.1 4.3

6. policia 21.4 32.5 20.9 20.5 4.7

7. prokuratura 8.2 18.0 26.5 33.8 13.4

8. sasamarTlo 7.2 15.7 25.0 40.5 11.6

2008


dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad


gacema

1. saqarTvelos

parlamenti

6.1 28.5 32.7 26.8 5.9


3. arasamTavrobo

organizaciebi

4.4 38.0 27.4 11.6 18.6

4. sapatriarqo 86.6 8.7 0.9 1.4 2.4

5. masmedia 16.6 52.5 20.7 6.2 4.0

6. policia 15.6 45.8 20.4 13.2 5.0

7. prokuratura 5.3 21.0 29.8 31.0 12.9

8. sasamarTlo 4.5 19.3 27.7 35.4 13.1

igive monacemebi wlebis mixedviT grafikulad ase gamoiyureba (sveti 1 – `vafaseb

dadebiTad~; sveti 2 - dadebiTad + ufro dadebiTad, vidre uaryofiTad).

3.1 saqarTvelos parlamenti

05

1015202530354045

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.2 saqarTvelos mTavroba

7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.3 arasamTavrobo organizaciebi

0

10

20

30

40

50

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.4 sapatriarqo

0

20

40

60

80

100

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.5 masmedia

01020304050607080

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.6 policia

8

010

20

30

40

50

60

70

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.7 prokuratura

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

2003 2004 2006 2008

3.8 sasamarTlo

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

2003 2004 2006 2008

Sedegebi kargad gamoxatavs socialur-politikuri situaciis dinamikas saqarTveloSi (amasTan,

es dinamika ufro mkafiod aisaxeba pirvel svetebSi (`dadebiTad vafaseb~)): uklebliv yvela

saxelmwifo institutis katastrofulad dabali Sefaseba SevardnaZis periodSi. Semdgom,

`vardebis revoluciis” Semdeg, Sefasebebis mkveTri zrda (gansakuTrebiT policiisa da

mTavrobisa) da Semdeg isev kleba (Tumca ara pirvandel donemde), gansakuTrebiT sasamarTlosi

da prokuraturis, rac ueWvelad dakavSirebulia 2007 wlis noembris movlenebTan. amave dros

masmediis Sefaseba, jamuri maCvenebliT, daaxloebiT erT donezea, Tumca mxolod dadebiTi

Sefasebebi 2008 wels Camodis 2003 wlis maCvenebelze dabla, rac, savaraudod, telearx

`imedis~ daxurvasTan da, Sesabamisad, mosaxleobis mniSvnelovani nawilisaTvis sando

sainformacio wyaros aRkveTasTan unda iyos dakavSirebuli. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis

Sefasebis mrudi waagavs saxelmwifo struqturebis Sefasebis dinamikas, rac, SesaZlebelia,

ganpirobebulia imiT, rom arasamTavrobo seqtori zogadad `vardebis gundTanaa~ asocirebuli

9

(gavixsenoT, rom m. saakaSvilis gundis ramdenime aqtiuri wevri swored arasamTavrobo

organizaciebidan arian mosuli). am fonze sapatriarqos ndobis indeqsi ganuxrelad izrdeba.

4. qvemoT mocemulia wyviladi debulebebi, romlebic religiur sakiTxebTan

dakavSirebul sxvadasxva poziciebs aRwers. gTxovT, maTgan amoirCioT is, romelsac

ufro eTanxmebiT

4.1

2003 2004 2006 2008

saqarTvelosTvis umjobesia, Tu yvela qarTveli marTlmadidebeli

qristiani iqneba

79.4 72.2 67.7 82.2

saqarTvelos keTildReobisaTvis saziano ar iqneba, Tu qveyanaSi iqnebian

sxva aRmsareblobis matarebeli qarTvelebi

20.3 27.5 30.2 16.2

miWirs pasuxis gacema 0.3 0.3 2.0 1.6

zogadad, cxadad Cans eTnikurobis aRmsareblobasTan gaigivebis tendencia (`qarTveli =

marTlmadidebeli~). sainteresoa pirveli pasuxis xvedriTi wilis kleba 2004 da 2006 wlebis

gamokiTxvebSi. erTis mxriv es SeiZleba ukavSirdebodes im garemoebas, rom am gamokiTxvebSi ar

monawileobda baTumis mosaxleoba, romlis Sorisac bevria muslimi. meores mxriv, es wlebi

emTxveva m. saakaSvilis xelisuflebis popularobis piks, xolo eTnikuri da religiuri

umciresobebis integraciis sakiTxebs am dros saxelmwifo politikaSi SesamCnevi adgili ekavaT.

4.2

2003 2004 2006 200

8

aRmsareblobis arCeva yvela adamianis piradi saqmea da sazogadoebas

ara aqvs ufleba, am arCevanSi Caerios

59.1 65.0 72.6 70.9

sazogadoeba (ojaxi, skola da sxv.) aqtiurad unda ereodes imaSi, Tu

romel aRmsareblobas gaiziarebs adamiani

40.5 34.5 24.0 27.6


Sedegebi asaxavs eTnikurobisa da aRmsareblobis gaigivebis tendencias, oRond ufro `zogad

doneze~ - ara marTo `qarTveli = marTlmadidebeli~, aramed `yvela xalxs Tavisi tradiciuli

religia aqvs~.

4.3

2003 2004 2006 2008

sasurvelia, saSualo skolebSi religiis istoriis kursSi mxolod

marTlmadidebluri religiis istoria iswavlebodes

50.3 50.3 42.6 64.7

sasurvelia, religiis istoriis kursi yvela religiis istoriis

swavlebas moicavdes

49.3 49.3 51.8 32.4


Sedegebi cxadia. aRvniSnavT mxolod, rom pirveli pasuxis maCveneblis Semcireba 2006 wels

savaraudod dakavSirebulia imave faqtorebTan, rac aRniSnuli kiTxva 4.1-is komentarSi; xolo

am maCveneblis mniSvnelovani zrda 2008 wels unda ukavSirdebodes opoziciis gavlenis zrdas,

romlis nawilsac marTlmadidebluri ritorika axasiaTebs.

4.4

2003 2004 2006 2008

saqarTveloSi sxvadasxva seqtis arseboba demokratiisa da 16.0 18.2 17.7 13.1

10

pirovnebis Tavisuflebis maRali donis maCvenebelia

seqtebis arsebobas ucxo qveynebis Zalebi afinanseben, raTa saqarTvelos

mTlianobas da stabilurobas safrTxe Seeqmnas

81.7 77.8 61.3 77.8


e.w. seqtebis mimarT mtruli damokidebuleba gamoxatulebaa fenomenisa, romelsac ingliselma

anTropologma viqtor ternerma `sustis Zalaufleba~ uwoda: SedarebiT Caketili religiuri

Tu eTnikuri jgufebi umravlesobis TvalSi xSirad aRiqmebian rogorc boroti, zogjer

magiuri Zalis matareblebi. `sxvanairis~ borotebasTan gaigiveba tradiciuli sazogadoebebis

damaxasiaTebeli niSania.

Cvens SemTxvevaSi yuradRebas ipyrobs maCveneblebis rxeva 2006-sa da 2008 wlebSi; savaraudod,

aq igive faqtorebi moqmedebs, rac aRniSnulia 4.1 da 4.3 kiTxvebze komentarSi.

4.5

2003 2004 2006 2008

umjobesia, Tu eklesia aqtiurad Caereva saqarTvelos socialur da

politikur cxovrebaSi da sajarod ganacxadebs Tavisi prioritetebis

Sesaxeb

35.5 38.8 41.5 50.5

umjobesia, Tu eklesia darCeba apolitikuri da saxelmwifosagan

damoukidebeli

63.2 59.7 49.9 45.2


amrigad, cxadad ikveTeba eklesiis, rogorc yvelaze meti ndobiT mosargeble instituciis,

`gapolitikurebis~ molodini. SeiZleba vivaraudod, rom, Tu eklesia am molodins gamoexmaura

da Tavisi politikuri prioritetebi ganacxada, es gamoiwvevs kidev erTi niSniT dapirispirebas

rogorc sazogadoebaSi, ise TviT eklesiaSi.

4.6

2003 2004 2006 2008

saqarTvelos sapatriarqom axali eklesiebis aSenebis nacvlad,

saxsrebi socialurad daucveli mosaxleobis keTildReobas unda

moaxmaros

52.1 43.9 33.6 29.2

axali eklesiebis aSeneba aucilebelia mosaxleobis zneobrivi da sulieri

gajansaRebisaTvis

46.9 54.6 51.5 64.9


ra Tqma unda, meore pasuxis xvedriTi wilis zrda ukavSirdeba saqarTveloSi marTlmadidebeli

eklesiis gavlenis zrdas; magram amasTan erTad, es tendencia zogadad qarTuli kulturis

Taviseburebas asaxavs; mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs midrekileba garegnuli atributikisadmi, am

SemTxvevaSi xatebis, jvrebis, religiuri nagebobebis mimarT.

5. gTxovT, gvipasuxoT, dauWerdiT Tu ara mxars religiuri umciresobebis mimarT Cadenil

Semdeg qmedebebs?

2003 mxars

davuWerdi

mxars ar

davuWerdi

miWirs pasuxis

gacema

1. maTi Sekrebebis darbevas 32.7 66.2 1.1

2. maTi literaturis ganadgurebas 46.9 52.6 0.5

3. maT winaaRmdeg ideur brZolas 78.7 20.8 0.4

4. maT winaaRmdeg Cadenili ukanono 31.9 66.6 1.5

11

qmedebebis gamoZiebas da damnaSaveTa

dasjas

5. maT dasacavad gamarTul aqciebsa da

demonstraciebs

10.3 89.1 0.6

6. maTi saqmianobebis gaaqtiurebas 6.3 93.3 0.4

2004 mxars

davuWerdi

mxars ar

davuWerdi

miWirs pasuxis

gacema




4. maT winaaRmdeg Cadenili ukanono


dasjas

44.8 51.7 3.5


demonstraciebs

5.1 93.3 1.6


2006 mxars

davuWerdi

mxars ar

davuWerdi

miWirs pasuxis

gacema






dasjas

55.0 29.4 15.6


demonstraciebs

8.4 85.5 6.2


2008 mxars

davuWerdi

mxars ar

davuWerdi

miWirs pasuxis

gacema






dasjas

53.9 35.7 10.4


demonstraciebs

4.1 92.4 2.3


igive monacemebi grafikulad (`mxars davuWerdi~):

1. maTi Sekrebebis darbevas

2. maTi literaturis ganadgurebas

3. maT winaaRmdeg ideur brZolas

4. maT winaaRmdeg Cadenili ukanono qmedebebis gamoZiebas da damnaSaveTa dasjas

5. maT dasacavad gamarTul aqciebsa da demonstraciebs

6. maTi saqmianobebis gaaqtiurebas

12

01020304050607080

2003 2004 2006 2008

saerTo jamSi, ikveTeba religiuri umciresobebisadmi damokidebulebis Serbilebis tendencia.

unda vivaraudoT, rom religiuri eqstremizmis aRkveTisaken mimarTulma saxelmwifo politikam

garkveuli Sedegebi gamoiRo. meores mxriv, absoluturi maCveneblebiT Tu vimsjelebT, yoveli

mexuTe respondenti mxars uWers religiur umciresobaTa Sekrebebis darbevas, xolo yoveli

mesame – maTi literaturis ganadgurebas, rac namdvilad SemaSfoTebelia. amave dros, imedis

momcemia `kanonierebis momxreTa~ (sveti 4) raodenobis mniSvnelovani zrda.

6. rogor SeafasebdiT saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis rols saqarTveloSi bolo

Tveebis manZilze ganviTarebul movlenebSi (2 noembridan saprezidento arCevnebamde)?

1. dadebiTad 64.8

2. ufro dadebiTad, vidre uaryofiTad 21.1

3. neitralurad 9.0

4. ufro uaryofiTad, vidre dadebiTad 1.3

5. uaryofiTad 0.8

6. miWirs pasuxis gacema 3.0

7. moaxdina Tu ara eklesiam raime gavlena saqarTveloSi bolo Tveebis manZilze ganviTarebul

movlenebSi (2 noembridan saprezidento arCevnebamde)?

1. moaxdina dadebiTi gavlena 61.4

2. ufro dadebiTi, vidre uaryofiTi 24.1

3. aranairi gavlena ar mouxdenia 9.9

4. ufro uaryofiTi, vidre dadebiTi 0.8

5. uaryofiTi gavlena moaxdina 0.3


pasuxebi me-6 da me-7 kiTxvebze kidev erTxel adastureben eklesiis maRal avtoritets.

8. rogor SeafasebdiT qvemoT CamoTvlili pirovnebebis sazogadoebriv saqmianobas?

(Sesafasebel pirTa aTeuli icvleboda politikuri koniunqturis mixedviT gamokiTxvebis

mixedviT. mxolod oTxi pirovneba, n. burjanaZe, ilia II, b. patarkaciSvili da m. saakaSvili,

moxvda oTxive gamokiTxvaSi).

2003

pirovnebebi dadebiTad ufro

dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

1. nino burjanaZe 43.0 36.0 9.8 10.3 0.9

2. ilia II 48.2 31.7 10.1 8.5 1.5

13

3. elene TevdoraZe 21.2 33.2 23.2 20.7 1.8

4. basil mkalaviSvili 20.7 24.5 23.4 30.8 0.7

5. badri patarkaciSvili 27.6 33.3 18.3 17.4 3.4

6. mixeil saakaSvili 23.0 28.5 18.3 29.0 1.2

7. guram SaraZe 29.9 30.3 22.2 16.5 1.1

8. eduard SevardnaZe 6.7 12.1 15.7 64.2 1.4

9. zurab Jvania 8.7 19.4 25.0 45.9 1.1

10. avTandil jorbenaZe 3.8 11.9 24.1 59.0 1.3

2004


dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

1. nino burjanaZe 41.8 33.9 13.7 9.0 1.5

2. ilia II 64.0 26.0 4.2 3.9 1.9

3. giorgi baramiZe 32.1 38.3 16.6 10.7 2.3

4. koba daviTaSvili 24.0 26.5 26.5 20.6 2.4



7. irakli oqruaSvili 42.5 29.2 12.1 14.6 1.6

8. zurab Jvania 16.4 25.4 23.7 32.6 1.8

9. kaxa benduqiZe 7.3 14.7 23.8 49.3 4.9

10. kaxa lomaia 9.2 12.8 20.1 53.9 4.0

2006


dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

1. nino burjanaZe 28.1 35.0 17.9 14.0 4.3

2. ilia II 76.3 15.1 2.5 2.0 3.9

3. giorgi xaindrava 44.9 33.3 9.0 5.1 7.6

4. koba daviTaSvili 17.4 32.1 26.5 16.6 7.4




8. daviT usufaSvili 11.3 24.6 23.8 16.4 23.7

9. giga bokeria 6.6 11.6 19.7 56.2 5.8

10. kaxa lomaia 15.0 25.3 20.5 31.4 7.8

2008


dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

1. nino burjanaZe 21.7 33.7 22.6 16.6 5.4

2. ilia meore 91.3 5.6 1.0 0.6 1.5

3. daviT usufaSvili 12.6 39.5 23.5 12.1 12.3

4. levan gaCeCilaZe 17.5 36.6 22.7 16.2 7.0




14

8. daviT gamyreliZe 16.2 42.1 24.1 10.7 6.9

9. giga bokeria 1.7 5.9 21.6 65.1 5.7

10. kaxa lomaia 2.0 7.5 21.6 62.7 6.2

grafikze moyvanilia n. burjanaZis (sveti 1), ilia II-sa (sveti 2) da m. saakaSvilis (sveti 3)

Sefasebebi oTxi gamokiTvis mixedviT (`vafaseb dadebiTad~):

0

20

40

60

80

100

2003 2004 2006 2008

ilia II-is reitingis zrda aSkaraa da emTxveva marTlmadidebeli eklesiis gavlenis zrdis

grafiks.

9. eTanxmebiT Tu ara mosazrebas, rom aucilebelia parlamentma miiRos kanoni religiis

Sesaxeb?

2003 2004 2006 2008

veTanxmebi 85.1 83.2 63.8 81.8

ar veTanxmebi 13.0 14.6 19.6 11.9


es sakiTxi sakmaod aqtualuri iyo 2000-2003 wlebSi. rogorc vxedavT, sazogadoebriv

cnobierebaSi aqtualobam iklo 2006 wels da kvlav aiwia 2008-Si.

10. romel mosazrebas iziarebT imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu ra unda uzrunvelyos religiis

Sesaxeb kanonma ...

a) seqtebis mimarT (iehovas mowmeebi, baptistebi da a.S)?

200

3

200

4

200

6

200

8

maTi saqmianobis akrZalva 43.6 47.3 45.9 45.8

maTi saqmianobis SezRudva 34.4 33.4 35.0 39.6

maTi saqmianobis Tavisufleba 6.8 6.4 9.8 8.1


Zalze sainteresoa, rom am punqtSi pasuxebis ganawileba praqtikulad ar Seicvala. zogadad ki

pasuxebi imis maCvenebelia, rom qarTuli sazogadoeba jer kidev Sorsaa religiuri

Semwynareblobisagan.

15

b) sxva konfesiebis mimarT (kaTolikebi, protestantebi, muslimebi da sxv.)?

200

3

200

4

200

6

200

8

maTi saqmianobis akrZalva 20.6 15.2 14.0 12.7

maTi saqmianobis SezRudva 38.0 38.3 35.9 47.6

maTi saqmianobis Tavisufleba 26.1 32.6 39.5 32.7


aq moCans e.w. `tradiciuli religiebisadmi~ (romelTa warmomadgenelTa Temebi saqarTveloSi

didi xnis manZilze arseboben) poziciis Serbileba, Tumca bolo gamokiTxvaSi SesamCnevad

imatebs pasuxi `maTi saqmianobis SezRudva~.

g) marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mimarT?

2003 2004 2006 2008

marTlmadideblobis gamocxadeba

saxelmwifo religiad

65.5 71.8 65.2 85.8

marTlmadideblobisaTvis upiratesobis

miniWeba sxva konfesiebTan SedarebiT

16.0 12.5 23.3 8.8

marTlmadideblobis uflebrivi gaTanabreba

sxva konfesiebTan

3.2 3.1 5.3 2.4


rogorc vxedavT, marTlmadideblobis saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebas mxars uWers

gamokiTxulTa didi umravlesoba. gansakuTrebiT didia maCvenebeli bolo gamokiTxvaSi, rac,

Cveni varaudiT, amJamindel politikur kriziss ukavSirdeba.

11. rogor fiqrobT qarTulma marTlmadidebelma eklesiam unda awarmoos Tu ara

dialogi/iTanamSromlos ucxoeTis eklesiebTan da sxva religiur organizaciebTan?

1. yvelasTan, vinc amgvar iniciativas gamoiCens 56.9

2. mxolod qristianul eklesiebTan/organizaciebTan 14.8

3. mxolod marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan/organizaciebTan 23.8

4. mxolod zogierT marTlmadidebel eklesiebTan/organizaciebTan 1.0

5. arc erTTan 0.3


12. rogor fiqrobT, qarTulma marTlmadidebelma eklesiam unda awarmoos Tu ara

dialogi/iTanamSromlos saqarTveloSi arsebul eklesiebTan da sxva religiur

organizaciebTan?

1. yvelasTan, vinc Tanaxma iqneba amaze 60.0

2. mxolod qristianul eklesiebTan/organizaciebTan 12.9

3. mxolod zogierT qristianul eklesiebTan/organizaciebTan 4.8

4. mxolod marTlmadidebel organizaciebTan 17.6

5. mxolod zogierT marTlmadidebel organizaciebTan 0.4


16

didi umravlesobis mier dialogis mxardaWera udavod dadebiT tendenciad unda CaiTvalos;

SeiZleba mogveCvenos, rom Sedegi ewinaaRmdegeba sxva kiTxvebze pasuxebs, magram sinamdvileSi

Zlieri religiuri identoba ar gamoricxavs religiur gaerTianebebTan dialogis mimReblobas.

da Tu, rogorc vnaxeT, religiur Semwynarebloba veranairad ver CaiTvleba wamyvan tendenciad

qarTul sazogadoebriv azrSi, mainc, mocemuli Sedegi gvaCvenebs, rom Cveni sazogadoebisaTvis

aseve ucxoa sruli Seuwynarebloba da brma mtroba sxva aRmsareblobebis mimarT.

13. rogor SeafasebT qvemoT CamoTvlili qveynebis gavlenas saqarTveloSi mimdinare

sazogadoebriv da religiur procesebze?

qveynebi dadebiTad ufro

dadebiTad,

vidre

uaryofiTad

ufro

uaryofiTad,

vidre

dadebiTad

uaryofiTad miWirs

pasuxis

gacema

1. ruseTi 5.6 27.5 40.4 19.5 7.0

2. aSS 5.0 29.3 35.4 23.0 7.3

3. somxeTi 3.7 37.2 32.3 7.1 19.7

4. azerbaijani 5.8 46.1 25.0 6.2 16.9

5. TurqeTi 4.7 34.5 31.3 12.7 16.8

6. germania 9.7 51.3 16.4 5.7 16.9

7. ukraina 25.0 60.4 5.8 1.4 7.4

8. saberZneTi 19.9 54.4 9.9 1.8 7.4

rogorc vxedavT, yvelaze dadebiTi ganwyobaa ukrainisa da saberZneTis mimarT, Semdeg modis

germania. yuradRebas iqcevs aSS-sadmi simpatiebis kleba rogorc TavisTavad, ise ruseTTan

SedarebiT. SesaZloa, aq roli iTamaSa vaSingtonis mier 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebis

oficialuri Sedegebis aRiarebam (sxva gamokiTxvis Sedegebis mixedviT, Tbilisis mosaxleobis

umravlesoba Tvlis, rom Sedegebi gayalbda da unda daniSnuliyo meore turi). araa agreTve

gamoricxuli, rom qarTul sazogadoebas gadametebuli molodinebi hqonda aSS-s mimarT.

14. qvemoT mocemulia Tanamedrove msoflio politikis ZiriTadi `moTamaSeebi~. rogor

fiqrobT, sasurvelia Tu ara maTi gavlenis gazrda an Semcireba saqarTvelosTan

mimarTebaSi.

sasurvelia

gazrda

iyos, rogorc

aris

sasurvelia

Semcireba

miWirs pasuxis

gacema

1. aSS 9.1 22.1 65.4 3.4

2. ruseTi 29.2 13.7 53.6 3.5

3. evrokavSiri 48.1 24.0 22.4 5.5

4. CineTi 0.9 5.2 87.6 6.3

amrigad, aSS=s mimarT gulgacruebis fonze qarTuli sazogadoebis umravlesobis imedebi

evropas ukavSirdeba. angariSgasawevia ruseTis gavlenis gazrdis 30%-iani mxardaWera. da

bolos, SeSfoTebas iwvevs mkveTrad yaryofiTi damokidebuleba CineTis mimarT; ueWvelia, rom

igi gamowveulia saqarTveloSi Cinuri saTvistomos gaCeniT da misi swrafi zrdiT; vfiqrobT,

rom, SesaZlo konfliqtebis Tavidan asacileblad, am problemas saswrafod unda mieqces

yuradReba saxelmwifo doneze.

15. Tqveni azriT, rogor midis amJamad saqarTTvelos ganviTareba?

1. swori mimarTulebiT 10.2

2. ZiriTadad swori mimarTulebiT 36.8

3. ZiriTadad araswori mimarTulebiT 26.1

17

4. araswori mimarTulebiT 18.1


azri daaxloebiT Suazea gayofili: `pesimistebis~ siWarbe `optimistebTan~ SedarebiT

kompensirdeba `zomieri optimistebis~ 37%-iT.

16. ras niSnavs piradad TqvenTvis qarTveloba? CamoTvlili maxasiaTeblebi SeafaseT qulebiT

0-dan 9-mde imis mixedviT, Tu ramdenad aris TiToeuli qarTvelad yofnis gancdasTan

dakavSirebuli.

2004 2008 cvlileba

1. qarTuli ena 8,81 8.88 +0.07

2. tradiciuli saWmel-sasmeli 7,70 7.98 +0.28

3. Tavisufleba da adamianis uflebebi 6,88 7.88 +1.0

4. religia 8,37 8.80 +0.43

5. istoria 8,65 8.69 +0.04

6. mSvidobis moyvaroba 7,70 8.42 +0.72

7. Tanasworoba 6,75 7.75 +1.0

8. mecniereba da teqnika 5,87 6.28 +0.51

9. saqarTvelos konstitucia 6,35 6.49 +0.14

10. demokratia 6,09 8.39 +2.3

11. Tavisufali mewarmeoba 5,96 7.83 +1.87

12. humanizmi 7,50 6.48 -1.02

13. kultura, literatura, xelovneba 8,65 7.06 -1.59

grafaSi `cvlileba~ msxviladaa gamoyofili statistikurad mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi.

samwuxarod, es bloki mxolod or kiTxvarSi Sevida. miuxedavad amisa, pasuxebis dinamika mainc

Zalze sainteresoa. rogorc cxrilidan Cans, qarTuli identobis sami ZiriTadi komponentia ena,

religia da istoria (2004 wlis gamokiTxvasTan SedarebiT, religiam gauswro istorias).

meoTxe komponenti, saxeldobr kultura, literatura, xelovneba, romelic 2004 wlis

SedegebiT uswrebda religias da istoriis maCvenebels utoldeboda, mniSvnelovnad (1.6

punqtiT) qveiTdeba.

gaocebas iwvevs demokratiis komponentis mkveTri zrda, rasac Tan axlavs komponentebis

`Tavisufali mewarmeoba~ da `Tavisufleba da adamianis uflebebi~ maCveneblis agreTve

seriozuli zrda, gansakuTrebiT pirvelisa. mniSvnelovania agreTve `Tanasworobis~ maCveneblis

zrda. albaT, mxolod moyvanil Sedegebze dayrdnobiT ar SeiZleba mtkiceba, rom qarTulma

sazogadoebam realurad gaiTavisa ganviTarebuli qveynebis Rirebulebebi, magram yvela

SemTxvevaSi Sedegebi CaRrmavebul analizsa da Semdgom gadamowmebas moiTxovs.

yuradRebas ipyrobs agreTve komponentis `mSvidobis moyvareoba~ mniSvnelovani zrda. kidev

ufro sainteresoa statistikurad mniSvnelovani zrda komponentisa `mecniereba da teqnika~,

miT umetes komponentis `kultura, literatura, xelovneba~ mkveTri klebis fonze (amas

vambobT imis gamo, rom `mecniereba~ da `kultura~ xSirad erT kategoriaSi moiazreba).

SesaZloa, rom am maCveneblis zrda dakavSirebulia realuri (da ara formaluri) ganaTlebisa

da kvalifikaciis Rirebulebis zrdasTan. amasve unda ukavSirdebodes komponent `humanizmis~

mniSvnelovani kleba. unda vivaraudod, rom Cvens sazogadoebaSi, sadac wamyvania

pirovnebaTaSorisi urTierTobebidan gamomavali normebi, izrdeba saqmeze orientirebuli

normebis Rirebuleba, rac dakavSirebulia arakvalificirebuli personalis samuSaodan

daTxovnasa Tu armiRebasTan, miuxedavad imisa, rom es SeiZleba iyos gaWirvebuli adamiani (anu

humanizmi, rogori samwuxaroc ar unda iyos es, ewireba saqmis interesebs), an axlobeli.

18

Tu SevajamebT zemoTqmuls, SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom saqarTvelos qalaqis mosaxleobaSi (Cven ver

ganvavrcobT miRebul Sedegebs soflis mosaxleobaze, sadac cvlilebebi ufro nela

mimdinareobs) RirebulebaTa gadafasebis sakmaod swrafi procesi mimdinareobs. amasTan

cvlilebebi ori mimarTulebiT midis: erTis mxriv Zlierdeba marTlmadidebeli eklesiis

gavlena Tanamdevi tendenciebiT, meores mxriv ki matulobs demokratiasa da sabazro

ekonomikasTan asocirebuli komponentebis xvedriTi wili. momavali gvaCvenebs, SeZlebs Tu ara

qarTuli sazogadoeba yovelive amis SeTavsebas, Tu win RirebulebiTi axali krizisi gvelis.

19

daskvnebi (religiasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebze)

• qarTuli marTlmadidebeli eklesia warmoadgens yvelaze meti ndobiT

mosargeble institucias dRevandel saqarTveloSi. amasTan, misi avtoritetis

Semdgomi zrdis tendencia naTladaa gamoxatuli

• saqarTvelos kaTalikos-patriarqi ilia II dadebiTad fasdeba gamokiTxulTa

90% metis mier da aqac SeimCneva zrdis tendencia.

• gamokiTxulTa 95% Tavs morwmuneTa ricxvs miakuTvnebs, Tumca yvela

religiur rituals regularulad asrulebs 12-17%.

• zemoTqmuli saSualebas gvaZlevs davaskvnaT, rom marTlmadidebeli eklesia

dReisaTvis warmoadgens yvelaze gavlenian da avtoritetul institucias

qalaquri mosaxleobis yvela fenisaTvis, miuxedavad sqesisa, asakisa,

ekonomikuri mdgomareobisa da politikuri Sexedulebebisa. SeiZleba iTqvas,

rom marTlmadidebloba Seadgens Tanamedrove identobis erT-erT mTavar

komponents (enasa da istoriasTan erTad).

• wina gamokiTxvebis analizi gviCvenebs, rom religiurobis faqtori Zlierdeba

politikuri da ekonomikuri krizisebis periodebSi. mocemul periodSi

eklesiis reitingis SesamCnevi zrda unda ukavSirdebodes 2007 wlis

noembridan moyolebul politikur kriziss da eklesiis rogorc zepolitikuri

mediatoris rols xsenebuli krizisis gamwvavebis momentebSi.

• oTxi gamokiTxvis Sedegebis analizis safuZvelze ikveTeba ori

urTierTsawinaaRmdego tendencia. erTis mxriv klebulobs religiur

umciresobaTa mimarT radikalur-Zaladobrivi zomebis (SekrebaTa darbeva,

literaturis ganadgureba) momxreTa ricxvi, amasTan izrdeba demokratiisa da

Tavisufali mewarmeobis, rogorc qarTuli identobis komponentebis, xvedriTi

wili; agreTve, gamokiTxulTa 50%-ze meti mxars uWers marTlmadidebeli

eklesiis dialogs sxva eklesiebTan; meores mxriv ki izrdeba

marTlmadideblobis saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebis, skolaSi mxolod

marTlmadideblobis swavlebis, sxva konfesiaTa aqtivobis SezRudvis momxreTa

ricxvi. vfiqrobT, rom aRniSnuli tendenciebis gaZliereba-Sesusteba

damokidebuli iqneba qveyanaSi ekonomikur da socialur-politikur situaciaze.

• matulobs marTlmadidebeli eklesiis socialur-politikur procesebSi ufro

aqtiuri Carevis momxreTa ricxvi. SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom, Tu eklesia am

`moTxovnas~ gamoexmaura, SeiZleba velodoT ganxeTqilebas rogorc

sazogadoebaSi, ise eklesiis SigniT.

20

demografiuli monacemebi

sqesi

mamr. 46.8

mdedr. 53.2

asaki

1. 18-25 14.5

2. 26-35 19.0

3. 36-45 19.8

4. 46-55 16.8

5. 56-65 13.6

6. 65+ 16.3

ganaTleba

ar mivlia skolaSi 0.1

dawyebiTi 0.4

dausrulebeli saSualo 2.2

saSualo 21.4

saSualo teqnikuri 16.7

arasruli umarlesi 7.5

umaRlesi 51.7

materialuri mdgomareoba

Zalian dabali

(1000 larze naklebi)

26.6

dabali

(1000-1500 lari)

24.6

saSualo

(2000-5000 lari)

43.9

maRali

(5000-10000 lari)

3.4

Zalian maRali

(10000 larze meti)

0.9

saqarTvelos qalaquri mosaxleoba religiuri da politikuri...

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