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Bureau of Mines Repor t o f lnv est igat ions/ l987

Accurate Directional Borehole Dr

A Case

Study

at Navajo Dam

New Mexico

By S. J. Kravi ts A. Sainato and G. L. Finfinger

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Report of Investigations 9102

Accurate Directional Borehole Drilling:

A Case Study at Navajo Dam

New Mexico

By S.

J.

Kravits

A

Sainato and

G

L

Finfinger

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Library of ongress ataloging

in

Publ ication Data

Kravits, S.

J.

Stephen

J.

Accu rate directional borehole drilling.

Re por t of investigations

;

9102)

Bibliography: p.

18

Sup t. of Docs. no.: 1 28.23: 9102.

1. Directional drilling -New Mexico -Navajo Dam. I. Sain ato, Albert. 11. Finfing er,

Gerald L. 111 Title. IV. Series: Repo rt of investigatio ns United St ate s. Bureau of Mines) ;

9102.

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CONTENTS

A b s t r a c t

...............................................................

I n t r o d u c t i o n

...........................................................

Acknowledgments

T es t s i t e

D r i l l i n g e qu ip m en t

H yd ra ul ic d r i l l

I n ho le motor

B or eh ol e t r a j e c t o r y c o n t r o l d e v i c e s

Surveyin g equipment and proc edu res

S i n g l e s h o t s u r v e y i n s t r u m e n t

S u r ve y i ng a c c u r a c y

P l a n n i n g t h e b o r e ho l e

D i r e c t i o n a l d r i l l i n g t h e d e m o ns t ra t io n b o re h ol e

E f f ec t i ve n e ss i n c o n t r o l l i n g b or eh ol e t r a j e c t o r y

B o re h ol e pu nc ho ut a nd i n v e s t i g a t i n g e r r o r i n a zi mu t h

Conc lus ions

R e f e r e nc e s

Appendix . Dr il l and bore hol e surv ey log^ ^

ILLUSTRATIONS

Nav ajo Dam lo c a t i o n map

Navajo Dam r i g h t a butmen t

N av aj o Dam d e m o n s t r a t i o n b o r e h o l e d r i l l s i t e

H y dr au l ic d r i l l a nd c o n t r o l p a n e l

In ho le motor sche mat i c

I n ho l e m ot o r op e r a t i n g pa r a m e t e r s

P o l y c r y s t a l l i n e diamond c u t t e r b i t s

In ho le motor equipped w i th a 2O be n t hous i ng

S i d e f o r c e d i ag r am

V ar io us t o o l f a c e s e t t i n g s an d t h e i r e f f e c t s on b or eh ol e t r a j e c t o r

S i n g le s h o t d i r e c t i o n a l s u r ve y i n st r u me n t

Reading deve loped survey

f i l m d i s k

Survey hardware

Non magn etic d r i l l c o l l a r a n d comp ass s p a c i n g s e l e c t i o n c h a r t

V e r t i c a l s e c t i o n o f p l a n n ed d e m o n s t r a t i o n b o r e h ol e

ap v iew of p lanned de mon s t r a t ion bore hole

V e r t i c a l s e c t i o n of d e m o ns t r at i o n b o re h o l e a

P l a n v i ew o f de m ons t r a t i on bo r e ho l e

Var ious ben t hous in gs

Borehol e punchout

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UNIT OF ME SURE BBREVI TIONS USED

EMU e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c u n i t I b f

f f o o t m n

f t 0 l b f f o o t pound f o r c e ) n

g a l / m in g a l l o n p e r m in ut e p s i

hp horsepower ~ s i g

i n i n c h r /m in

i n / m i n i n c h p e r m i nu t e V a c

IN THIS REPORT

pound force

minute

n a n o t e s l a

pound per squ are

pound per s qua re

r e v o l u t i o n p e r m i

v o l t , a l t e r n a t i n g

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ACCURATE DIRECTIONAL B OREH OLE D RILLING: A CASE

NAVAJO DAM, NEW MEXICO

By

S.

J.

Kravits, A. S a i n a t ~ , ~nd

G

L. Finfinger3

ABSTRACT

T hi s r e p o r t de s c r i b e s a p r o j e c t c onduc t ed by t h e B ur ea u of

w hi ch t h e a c c u r a t e d i r e c t i o n a l d r i l l i n g of a b o re h o le was d e m

w i t h t h e o b j e c t i v e o f i n t e r c e p t i n g a d e s i g n a t e d t a r g e t . The p r o

conduc ted a t Nava jo Dam i n no r t he rn New Mexico a t t h e r e qu es t o f

r e a u of R ec la m at i on . B o re h o le s u r v e y a n d d r i l l l o g s a r e p r o v i d

appendix .

The t r a j e c t o r y o f t h e d e m o ns t r a ti o n b o r e ho l e was d e s i gn e d t o i

a 5 - f t -r a d i u s t a r g e t a t t h e f i n a l o r p un ch ou t d i s t a n c e of 88 5

e l e v a t i o n of t h e b o re ho l e a t t h i s d i s t a n c e was w i t h i n t h e t a r

b o r e h o l e p un ch ou t c o o r d i n a t e s w er e 8 .8 1 f t s o u t h w es t o f t h e t a r

a r e s u l t of t h e de m ons t r a t e d a c c u r a c y , t h e B ur ea u o f R e c l a m

c o n t r a c t e d t h e a c c u r a t e d r i l l i n g of b o re h o le s a s l o n g a s 60 0 f t

i n s i d e of a s h o r t t u n n e l , t o c o n t r o l w a t e r s ee p ag e i n t h e r i g

ment. T h i s r e s u l t e d i n a s u b s t a n t i a l c o s t s a v i n g s compared t o t

i n a l p l a n of c o n s t r u c t i n g a l o n g e r t u n n e l an d d r i l l i n g 1 50 -f t b o

i n i n g n g i n e e r .

2 ~ i n i n g n gi n ee r i n g t ec hn ic ia n .

3 ~ u p e r v i s o r yg e o l o g i s t .

P i t t s b u r g h R e se a rc h C e n t e r , B ur ea u

of

M i n e s , P i t t s b u r g h ,

PA.

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INTRODUCTION

The Bureau of Re cl am at io n, U.S. Dep art -

ment of th e I n te r io r , reques ted th e Bu-

re au of Mines , through In ter age ncy Agree-

ment No. 1409-0070-1212, t o de mo ns tr at e

t h e a cc u ra cy of d i r e c t i o n a l d r i l l i n g a

n e a r - ho r i z o nt a l b or e ho le t o i n t e r c e p t a

des ig nat ed ta rg et . The Bureau of Recla-

m a t i o n ' s o b j e c t i v e was t o d e t e rm in e

t h e f e a s i b i l i t y of u s in g a c c u r a te l y

d r i l l e d b or eh ol es t o c o n t r o l w a t er se ep -

age th rough open jo in t s i n bedrock foun-

d a t i o n s of embankment dams.

The Bureau of Mines has re se ar ch ed and

d em on st ra te d a c c u r a t e d i r e c t i o n a l d r i l l -

i n g a s p a r t of

i t s

methane c on tr ol pro-

g ram (1 -3 ) .4 In 1979, a d i re c t io na l

s u r f a c e b o re h ol e was d r i l l e d u s i n g a n

in-hol e motor5 t o a measured depth of

1 ,5 95 f t , m a i n t a in i n g a n

100 f t and coming w i t h i n

c e p t i n g t h e P i t t s b u r g h C

below th e su r fac e . F ive h

an e d ra i n ag e b o reh ol e s w

f ro m t h e s u r f ace b o reho l e ,

f t .

The Bureau has a l so dem

i n g a cc ur ac y i n d r i l l i n g

methane drai nag e boreholes

co al mines . Methane dra i

h av e b ee n d r i l l e d t o d e p t h

2,000 f t , m a in t ai n in g v e

t r a j e c t o r y w i t h i n t h e c o

mately 6 f t ) w hi le c o n t r o

t r a j e c t o r y a s d e s i re d t o

ce pt ion by fu t ur e mining (

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The coo per at i on of t he Bureau of Recla- Navajo Dam maintenance s

m a ti on w as c r i t i c a l i n t h e s u c c e s s f u l c o nt i nu e d s u p p or t and a s s

co m p l et i o n of t h i s p ro j ec t . The au t h o r s t h i s p r o j ec t . The au t h o

wish t o thank Hunter

C

Ha rr el , geolo- Ed

J.

Bly the ,

J r .

wel l

g i s t , Eng ineer ing and Research Cen ter , nee r , NL Sperry-Sun, Ros

Denver,

CO;

William

C

E h l e r , g e o l o g i s t , t e c h n i c a l a s s i s t a n c e p ro vi

Durango (CO) P ro je ct s Of fi ce ; Leonard in g sur veyi ng accuracy.

T r u j i l l o , Navajo Dam supe r in t end en t ; and

TEST SITE

Navajo Dam

i s

a zoned embankment struc-

t u r e i n nor th er n New Mexico, 39 mil es

e a s t o f Farmington , NM and about 35

mi le s so ut he as t of Durango,

CO

( f i g . 1 ) .

I t

i s

o ne of t h e k ey s t ru c t u r e s o f t h e

C o lo rado R iv e r S t o rag e P r o j ec t , r egu -

l a t i n g t h e f l o ws of t h e San J u an R i v e r

and p ro v i d i n g s t o r ag e f o r Nav aj o In d i an

I r r i g a t i o n P r o j ec t . I t a l s o p r o v i d e s

a f a c i l i t y f o r r e c r e a t i o n and f i s h and

cons t ru c te d f rom 1958 t o 1

i ma te ly 400 f t i n s t r u

3,600 f t i n c r e s t l e ng t h,

w i dt h , a nd 2, 50 0 f t i n max

6).

he r i g h t abutment

ch os en fo r t h e l o ac t i o n of

t i on boreho le , wi th des

o c c u r r i n g n e a r t h e t o p o

(figs . 2-3) .

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DRILLING EQUIPMENT

Diamant ~ o a r t ~

BH

70 0 h y d ra u l i c co re

d r i l l and a 2-7/8-in-OD high -tor que, non-

magnetic in-h ole motor manufa ctured by

S l i m d r i l , I n c. , we re u se d t o d r i l l t h e

bore hole . The in- hol e motor was equipped

w it h a ben t ho us in g and two 3-1/2-in-OD

p o l y c r y s t a l l i n e diamond c u t t e r b i t s ( u se d

se pa ra te ly ) , one manufac tured by Longyear

and one by S l i md r i l , Inc.

~ e f r e nc e t o s p e c i f i c e qu ip me nt d o es

n o t i m p l y e n d o r s em e n t by t h e B ur e au o f

Mines.

K e y

mop

COLORADO

MEXICO

LEGEND

@ U. S. highway

State highway

npaved road

State boundary

County boundary

Townorc i ty

HYDRAULIC DRIL

The main components o

Boar t DBH 700 u n i t a r e t h

co n t ro l p an e l , and power u

To d r i l l t h e d e m on s t ra t i on

d r i l l was p o s i t i o n e d h o r

power uni t s equ ipped wi th

r a d i a l p i s t o n pumps, o ne f

one f o r ro ta t i on , bo th pow

g l e 40-hp, 440-V a c e l e c t r

IN-HOLE MOTOR

The 2-7/8-in-OD hi gh -t or q

t o r

i s

a p o s i t i v e -d i sp l acem

motor t h a t r o t a t e s t h e d r

r o t a t i n g t h e d r i l l s t r i n g .

motor conv er t s th e hyd ra

g e n er a t e d by t h e f l ow of

f l u i d (w a t e r) u nd er p r e s s u

a nd i n t o t h e r o t a t i o n a l s p e

c a l power t h a t d r i v e s t h e

The components of t h e hig

a r e i d e n t i f i e d i n f i g u r e 5.

When d r i l l i n g f l u i d s p

t h e d r i l l s t r i n g and t h e in

r a t e s of 30 t o 70 g al /m in a

p r e s s u r e s of 250 t o 625 p s i

s t a i n l e s s s t e e l r o t o r r o t a t

rubb er molded s t a t o r . The

d r i l o p e r a t i n g p a ra m et e rs

f i g u r e 6 ; t h e a c t u a l p a ra

a r e l i s t e d i n t a b l e A-1 ( a

t a t i o n o f t h e d r i v e s h a f

w i t h i n t h e b e a r i n g p ac ka

m i t t ed by t h e f l ex -co u p l i n

t h e e c c e n t r i c r o t a r y m ot io n

c a l r o t o r t o c o n c e n t r i c

d r i v e s u b s c on ne ct ed t o t

and s t h e o n l y ro t a t i n g e

n e n t o f t h e i n - ho l e motor.

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FIGUR E 2. Navajo Dam right abutm ent.

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FIGURE

4.-A

Hydraulic drill;

8

control panel. Power unit not shown.

Bearing package

NQ

rod

Crossover sub

box thread

ot to

scale

FIGURE 5.-In-hole motor schematic. Stator rotor and exterior nousing are nonmagnetic. Bearing p

are magnetic.

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MOTOR PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL psi

FIGU RE 6.-In-hole motor operating parameters. Water sup-

plied to in-hole motor under pressure by two triple-piston

pumps.

cale n

FIGU RE 7.-Polycrystalline diamond cutter bits.

While d r i l l i n g , t h e r e s continuous FIGURE 8.-In-hole motor equipped w

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Side force

(at 0 )

Tool face at 180

( low s~de )

force exerte d on b

( react ion of s~deorce

tool face at

80°

Side force

( a t 0 )

Tool face at

180°

( low s~de)

Dlrect~on f fo

on b ~ t

esultin

drop of hole

FIGURE

9.-Side force diagram. Above in-hole motor equipped with bent housing; belo

schematic.

D ef l ec t i o n r a t e s p e r t a i n i n g t o known

d e f l ec t i o n r a t e s would b

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Maximum build in

inclination

5. Left Right

Maximum

and hold

5O

ight

5

Maxim

and

Maximum drop in

inclination

FIG URE 10.-Various tool face settings and their effec ts on borehole trajectory. Black arrow depicts t

right, which would result n borehole trajectory building inclination and azimuth turning right (east).

o b s er v i ng t h e c ha ng e i n i n c l i n a t i o n and

az im u th f rom the p rev ious t o t he cu r re n t

bor eho le survey depth. For example, re-

f e r r i n g t o t he t h i r d page of t ab l e A-2,

t h e v e r t i c a l and h o r i z o n t a l d e f l e c t i o n

r a te s observed f rom survey depths 449 t o

459 f t were 0 .09 / f t (0.9 dur in g 10-ft

i n t e r v a l ) a nd 0 . 19 / f t ( e a s t i s

posi-

t i v e ) , r e sp e c ti v el y . t o o l f a c e s e t t i n g

of 60 t o 80 r i gh t was appl ie d us ing a

2 ben t housing wh i l e d r i l l i n g f rom 445

t o 475 f t . When t h e sur vey was conducted

a t 459 f t , t he b i t dep th was 475 f t . To

p r o j e ct t h e i n c l i n a t i o n a t th e b i t d ep th

of 475

i t t h e e s t a b l i s h e d v e r t i c a l de-

adding the az imuth survey

340.0 . The proj ect ed i

a zim ut h a t 475 f t were c l

t u a l r e s u l t s sur ve ye d l

( ta b l e A-2). Angle aver ag

surveying ca lc u la t io n meth

c a l c u l a t e p r o j e c te d c o o r d

v at io n a t t h e b i t

2,

6

d e f l e ct i o n r a t e s p e rt a in i

s e t t i n gs and ben t housing

v id ed l a t e r i n t h e t e x t.

Tool fac e d i re c t io ns

t u r n in g t h e d r i l l s t r i n g

p ipe wrenches t o a pos i t

l e f t o r r i g h t fr om t h e c

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SURVEYING EQUIPMENT ND PROCEDURES

SINGLE-SHOT SURVEY INSTRUMENT

An N Sperry-Sun type

B

120° magnetic

d i r e c t i o n a l s i n g l e - s h o t s u rv ey i n s tru men t

was used dur ing d r i l l i n g t o moni tor bore-

h o l e i n c l i n a t i o n , b e a r in g , and t o o l f a c e

d i r e c t i o n f i g .

11 .

The e s s e n t i a l e l e -

ments o f th e su rvey ins t rument a r e

t h e compass, i n c l i n a t i o n u n i t , b a t t e r i e s

and f i l m loadin g mechanism, le ns and

lamp hol de r, and mecha nical t i m e r t h a t

c o n t r o l s t h e e l e c t r i c a l c i r c u i t s and il

l u mi n a t e s t h e comp ass - in c li n at io n u n i t a t

a p r e s e t t im e t o r e c o r d t h e p e r t i n e n t

d a t a on a f i l m d i s k 7) .

To conduct a sur vey,

t im er of th e su rvey ins t ru

the ins t rument

i s

loade

disk . The loaded survey

p l a c e d i n i t s p ro t ec t i

i n s e r t e d i n th e h ol lo w d

pumped wi th water t o t he

in-hole motor, where i t a

o r i e n t i n g s ub . The f i l m d

a t a p r e s e t t im e , a f t e r w

ment i s r e t r i e v e d by a w

t o t h e p r o t e c t i v e c as in g.

ins t rument i s removed from

c a s i ng , a nd t h e f i l m d

developed, and rea d fi g.

FIGURE 11. Single shot directional survey instrument.

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BEARING FROM MAGNETIC

NORTH OR SOUTH, deg

Uncorrected fo r decl nat on)

ing

IGURE 14.-Nonmagnetic dril l collar and compass spac-

selection chart.

b i t . A lth oug h t h i s s p a c in

th an th e e s t ima ted compass

i n g t h e compass c l o s e r t

h an ce d t h e a cc u r a y i n p r o j

r e n t p o s i t i o n of t h e b i t

p o s i t i o n .

Two r e l a t e d f a c t o r s t h a

h o l e s u r v e y in g a c c ur a c y

f r eq u e nc y an d t h e s u r v e y

t e c h n i q u e u se d t o d e t e r m in

o r d i n a t e s a nd e l e v a t i o n .

a c ce p te d t h a t r e g a r d l e s s

t e c h n iq u e a p p l i e d , s h o r t s

w i l l

r e s u l t i n i n c r ea s e d

Boreho le su rve ys were cond

d r i l l i n g i n t e r v a l s a t Nav a

d o ze n o r s o s u r v e y in g c a

n i q u e s a v a i l a b l e , b al an c

ra d i us o f cu rv a tu re , min

a nd a n g l e a v e r a gi n g a r e

c e p t e d a s p r o v i d in g s i m i l

a b l e r e s u l t s ( 1 0) . r a d i

p ro gr am a d a p t e r f o r a He w

c a l c u l a t o r was u s ed t o c a l

c o o r d i n a t e s a nd e l e v a t i o n .

i n g was u s ed p e r i o d i c a l l

r a d i u s of c u r v a t u r e r e s u l t

PLANNING THE BOREHOLE

The b o r e h o le s t a r t i n g c o o r d i n a t e s w er e

N 19,567.69,

E

5 2, 69 7. 69 ; e l e v a t i o n a t

t h e c o l l a r was 5 , 93 3 .5 3 f t . The d e s i g -

n a t e d p un ch ou t was t o o c c u r w i t h i n a

5 - f t r a d i u s of N 20,447.31, E 52,709.41

a t a n e l e v a t i o n of 6 , 04 9. 03 f t ( f i g s . 15-

16) . The lo ca t i on of th e boreh o le was

d e te r m in e d a f t e r c o n s i d e r i n g t h e g eo l og y

o f t h e r i g h t a b ut me nt an d t h e c o n s t r a i n t s

t h a t s p e c i f i c g e o l o gi c f e a t u r e s would i m

pose on th e p lacement o f th e boreho le .

The ab ut me nt i n t h e v i c i n i t y o f t h e b or e-

h o l e c o n s i s t s p r ed o m in a n tl y o f c o a r se - to -

medium-grained sands tone wi th in t e r bed ded

s h a l e a nd s i l t s t o n e ( f i g . 1 5) . The s an d-

a nd h o r i z o n t a l j o i n t s .

t h e e x a c t l o c a t i o n s of t h

n o t b e d e te r mi n ed b e c au s

c o v er , and t h u s t h e b o r e

c o u ld n o t be p la nn e d t o a

in g them. However, th e bo

s i g ne d t o a v oi d i n t e r c e p

f i l l e d j o i n t shown i n

e l e v a t i o n a t t h e b ot to m

f i l l e d j o i n t was e s t i ma t

f t , o r ab ou t 16.5 f t above

t h e b o r eh o le . To p r e v e n t

t h e j o i n t , t h e f i r s t 2 50 f

s t r a t i o n b o r eh o le was t o b

i n g b or e ho l e e l e v a t i o n n e a

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o r d e r t o i n t e r c e p t t h e t a r g e t e le va - s t r a i g h t - l i n e c o l l a r t o

t i o n . W hi le m a i n t ai n i n g d e s i r e d v e r t i - t o r y h a vi n g a b e a r i n g o f

c a l t r a j ec t o ry a s m ent io ned, an a t t em p t was ca l c u l a t ed and ap p e

was t o be made t o mai nta in dep ar tur e t a bl e A-2. This inf orm

w i t h i n 2 f t e a s t o r w es t f ro m t h e p la nn ed u se d c on ti nu ou sl y d u r i n

s t r a i g h t - l i n e c o l l a r t o p un ch ou t t r a j e c - m on it or d e v i a t i o n f r om t h

t o ry ( f i g . 1 6 ). The d ep a r t u re of t h e h o l e d ep a r t u re .

DIRECTIONAL DR IL L ING T HE DEMONSTRATION BOREHOLE

Sev era l ben t hous ings were used to

d r i l l t h e d e m on s tr a ti o n b o re h ol e ; t h e 2

b e n t h o us i ng was t h e most e f f e c t i v e i n

c o n t r o l l i n g v e r t i c a l and h o r i z o n t a l t r a -

j e c t o r i e s ( f i g . 8 ) . B ef or e d i s c u s s i n g

t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s of t h e b e n t h o u s in g s ,

t h e d r i l l i n g of t h e b or e ho le 's v e r t i c a l

and ho r i z o n t a l t r a j e c t o r i e s

s

b r i e f l y

d es c r i b ed .

The f i r s t 250 f t o f t h e b o re h ol e w er e

d r i l l e d m a in t ai n in g e l e v a t i o n n e a r t h e

c o l l a r e l e v a t i o n a s p la nn ed ( f i g . 1 7) .

D r i l l i n g c o nt i nu e d t o a d e pt h o f 495 f t

w i t h o u t d e v e l o p in g t h e n e c e s s ar y i n c r e a s e

i n v e r t i c a l b or e ho le t r a j e c t o r y . Conse-

q u en t l y , t h e b o reh o l e was aband on ed i n

o r d e r t o s t a r t a new b o re h ol e w i t h i n t h e

i n i t i a l b or e ho le a t a d ep th of 289 f t .

A f t e r t h e new b o r e h o le was s t a r t e d a t 2 89

f t , d r i l l i n g c o nt i nu e d t o b or e ho le com-

p l e t i o n a t 885 f t , m a in ta in in g d e s i r e d

v e r t i c a l t r a j ec t o ry .

H o r i z on t a l b o re h ol e t r

t h e f i r s t 250 f t of t h

m a i n t a in ed t o w i t h i n 2.5

s i r e d depar tu re . (Tab le

ac t u a l b o reh ol e s u rv ey

b o reh o l e d ep a r t u re s . A

t i nu e d from 250 f t t o 49

b o re h ol e t r a j e c t o r y d e v i a

s i r e d course . Af te r th e n

s t a r t e d a t 289 f t , h o r i z

of th e new boreh ole was m

t o t h e d e s i r e d c o u r se t o b

t i o n , a c c o r di n g t o b or e h o

18).

EFFECTIVENESS

N

CO

BOREHOLE TRAJECT

The 112 ben t housi ng w

t o d r i l l t he i n i t i a l bo reh

of 455 f

t

(f ig . 19). Alt

s i r e d v e r t i c a l and h o r i z

1301 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I I 1 1 1 1

I I I I

1 1 1 1

1 2 0

110

l o o -

90

I

80

70

0

6 0 -

KEY

Surveyed elevation station

8/19/2019 ri9102


- 4 - 1 I

I

-2

Actualpuncho

bo

10-

12-

LATITUDE, f

t

FIGURE

18.-Plan view of demonstrat ion borehole. Abandoned borehole from 279 to 495 ft not shown. B

tracked borehole began at 289 ft, init ial borehole resurveyed from 89 to 279 ft a t 30-ft intervals as shown.

FIGURE

19.-Various bent housings. Top to bottom: 2 bent housing on in-hole motor, slip-on shoe,

o

e

112 bent housing with pad.

8/19/2019 ri9102


8/19/2019 ri9102


TABLE 1.

-

M ea su re d d e f l e c t i o n r a t e s u s i n g 2 b e n t h o u s i n

d e g r ee s p e r f o o t

To ol f a c e s e t t i n g

R i g h t :

20 t o 40°. . . ..

40 t o 60°. . .. .

60 t o 80°. . .. .

80 t o 100° .. . .

100 t o 120° . ..

120 t o 140° . ..

140 t o 160° . ..

L e f t :

0 0

t o

20

o ~

40 t o 60°. .. . .

60 t o 80° . .. . .

80 t o 100° .. . .

100 t o 120°. . .

120 t o 140° .. .

140 t o 160°. . .

NAp Not a p p l i c

Change i n i n c l i n a t i o n

( v e r t i c a l )

Range

Change i n bea r

( h o r i z o n t a l )

Average

- 0 0 3 t o + .09

- 0 0 1 t o + .0 6

- 0 1 2 t o + .0 6

- 0 1 2 t o + .0 4

NAp

-.0 7 t o - 0 2 0

NAp

Range Av

- 0 0 3

. 05

- 0 0 2

- 0 0 4

- 0 1 3

- 0 1 2

. 6

.30L- .11R

.52L-

.OOR

m4OL- .02L

m13L- .59L

NAP

m53L- 00 1R

NAp

ble .

+

I n c r e a s e ( b u i l d u p )

-

d e c r e a s e ( d r o p ) .

R

R i gh t ( e a s t ) ; L L e f t ( w e s t) .

3 ~ e f t o o l f a c e s e t t i n g s w er e a p p l i e d f ro m 805- t o 8

b o re h ol e d ep th . D ur in g t h a t d r i l l i n g i n t e r v a l , t h e n e c e

b i t t h r u s t of > 7 , 0 0 0 l b was n o t r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . C

q u e n t l y , d r i l l i n g p e n e t r a t i o n r a t e s and d e f l e c t i o n m ag n

d e c r e a se d .

t o be a t e l e v a t i o n 6 ,0 47 .1 4 f t 1.89 f

t

below t h e t a r g e t c e n t e r , a nd a t c o o r di -

n a t e s

N

20,439.96, E 5 2 ,7 10 . 80 , 1.4 f t

n o r t h e a s t of t h e t a r g e t c e n t e r . The e l e -

v a t i o n e r r o r b et wee n t h e a c t u a l a nd c a l -

cu la te d punchout was 0 .39 f

t

which was

w e l l w i t h i n t h e a c c ur a c y of t h e s u r v ey

i n s t r u m e n t . The c o o r d i n a t e e r r o r b et we en

t h e a c t u a l a n d c a l c u l a t e d p u nc ho ut was

1 5. 20 f t ( f i g u r e s 1 8 a nd 2 0 ) , whi ch was

w i t h i n t h e 1 a c c ur a c y of t h e s u r v e y i n -

s t r u m e n t i n m e a s u ri n g b e ar i n g .

C

= s i n - ' ( ( F/ H )( s in (

where

C

= compass cor rec

F = n e t f o r c e s a f f

EMU,

H = ho ri zo nt a l com

e a r t h ' s m ag n

s i t y (23 ,300

a t Navajo Dam

the Na t iona l

8/19/2019 ri9102


FIGUR

20. Borehole punchout.

where

PL

l ower po l e s t r en g th ,

es t i -

mated a t 100 EMU

PU u p p e r p o l e s t r e n g t h , e s t i -

mated a t 1 ,000 EMU

A

f i n a l punchout de par ture

was ca lc ul at ed by app lyin g

e r r o r c o r r e c t i o n t o t h e p

veyed borehole bearing s. T

s

4.61 f t c l o s e r t o t h e a

a s compared t o not applyin

8/19/2019 ri9102


CONCLUSIONS

The demonst ra t ion boreho le was d i re c - ins t ru ment . The 2 ben t

t i o n a l l y d r i l l e d t o a f i n a l d e p th of 8 85 most e f f e c t i v e i n m a in ta i

f t , whe re p un ch ou t o c c u r r ed . F i n a l b o r e-

c o n t r o l of t h e v e r t i c a l

h o l e e l e v a t i o n was w e l l w i t h i n t h e t a r -

b o r eh o le t r a j e c t o r i e s .

g e t ; boreh o le punchout coo rd i na te s were A s a r e su l t of t h e d e

8. 81 f t s o ut hw e st of t h e t a r g e t . Bore- h o l e d r i l l i n g a c cu r a cy , t

h o l e s c an o nl y be d i r e c t i o n a l l y d r i l l e d

of c o n s t r u c t i n g a l o n g t

w i t h i n t h e a c c u r a cy of t h e b o r e h o l e su r - r i g h t a bu tm en t o f Nav aj o

vey sys t em used . The NL Sper ry-Sun typ e 150-f t boreho les f rom in

B 1 20 s i n g l e - sh o t d i r e c t i o n a l su r v e y i n - t o c o n t r o l wa t e r s e e p a g e

s t r u m e n t i s a c c u r a t e t o w i t h i n 1 b e a r i n g The B ur ea u of R e cl am a ti

a nd 0 .2 4 i n c l i n a t i o n . The b or e ho l e- c o n t r a c t e d t h e c o n s t r u c t i

s u r ve y e d p un ch ou t, r e l a t i v e t o t h e l an d - t u n n e l a nd t h e a c c u r a t e d

s u r ve y ed a c t u a l p un ch ou t, was w i t h i n t h e h o l e s a s l on g a s 600 f t ,

a c c u r ac y of t h e NL S pe rr y- Su n s u r ve y s u b s t a n t i a l c o s t s a v i n g s

REFERENCES

1. Oyler ,

D. C .

and W. P. Diamond.

D r i l l i n g a H o r i z o n t a l C o a lb ed M et ha ne

Dra inage System From a Di re c t io na l Sur -

f a c e Borehole. BuMines R I 8640, 1982,

50 PP.

2. Kr av i t s , S. J . A Sa i n t o , a n d

G. L. F in fi ng er . Comparison of Rotar y

and In -Hole Motor Techniques f o r D r i l l i n g

Ho ri zo nt a l Boreholes i n Coal. BuMines

R I 8933, 1985, 33 pp.

3. The Ad van tag es of In-Hole

Motor D ri ll in g . Coal Min., v. 21, No.

11, 1984, pp. 44-46.

4 , Eh le r ,

W.

C.

Fi na l Repor t on In -

v e s t i g a t i o n s f o r S ee pa ge C o n t r o l N av ajo

Dam. U. S. BuReclamation (Dep. I n t e r i o r ) ,

1983, 48 pp.

5. P i t t a r d , F. High Torque 2-718-in-

OD

In-Hole Motor Perfo rman ce Data. Slim-

d r i l Inc . , Houston, TX, 1984, 21 pp.

6. Amer ican Pe t ro leum I n s t i t u t e . D i -

r e c t i o n a l D r i l l i n g S ur ve y C a l c u l a t i o n

Methods and Terminology.

1985 , 31 pp.

7. NL Sperry-S un (Okla

Magnet i c Di rec t io na l S in

in g In s t r uc t io ns . 1972,

8. Wolff,

C. J.

M .

deWardt . Boreho le Po s i t

An aly sis of Measur ing Met

t i o n o f Sys tem at i c Er ro r

Te ch no l. , v. 33, 1981, pp

9 , Bly the , E. J .

Compass Spaci ng I n s id

C o l l a rs . D r i l l i n g

- DCW

pp. 44-47.

10. Fitchard, E. E.

l a t e d Boreho le Te s t s Acc

t ional Survey Methods.

v. 79, No. 26, 1 981 , pp.

11. Blythe , E. J . J r

l a s . Procedure Improves

Locat ion Technique . O i l

75, No. 18 , 1977, pp. 224

8/19/2019 ri9102


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8/19/2019 ri9102


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8/19/2019 ri9102


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