Packer Selection and Design-1

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Packer Selection and Design

Prof. Sushanta Sarkar

PACKERSA Packer is the part of the completion equipment which seals

the casing tubing annulus.

Packers are usuall run for the followin reasons:

Provides an effective isolation of the casing tubing annulus fromthe produced fluids for safety purposes, thus limiting wellcontrol to the tubing at surface.

To isolate the casing from corrosive fluids and/or high pressure.

To stabilize and control flow from pay zones.

In con unction with an artificial lift s stem isolation and

control) , in gas lift, Jet Pumps. To selectively produce multiple zones (isolation)

Selective stimulation becomes feasible.

Wire line and down hole operations become possible.

Hold a annular well killing fluid.


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PACKERS


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Materials Selection for PackersSTEEL SELECTION

All metal parts heat- treated to a maximum hardness of 22 RC,subjected to a tensile load conform to NACE standard MR-01-75 for H2S service. Differential pressure should not exceed10,000 psi.

Alloy steel heat- treated to a maximum hardness of 36 RC. Forpressure differentials not exceeding 15,000 psi.

410 stainless steel heat-treated to a maximum hardness of 22RC .Conforms to NACE standard MR-01-75 for H2S or CO2service. Differential pressure should not exceed 10,000 psi. Usewhere corrosive environments will be encountered.


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Materials Selection for Packers

SEAL SELECTION

Standard seal stack

Standard Seal Sacks are made up of Nitrile chevron seals

and steel spacer rings. It is suitable for normal service and

not exceeding 325 degree F This type of seal stacks are

120 degree F) The seal stack should not be allowed toleave seal bore in service.

Materials Selection for Packers V-RYTE SEAL STACK

V-Rite-Seal Stacks are made up of Viton chevron seals

with Teflon and Ryton back-up rings, and Ryton front up

rings. This types of seal stacks are suitable for any well

fluids except amine based inhibitors. These seals have

been tested at 400 degree F , with 10,000 psi differential

under dynamic conditions and 15,000 psi under static

conditions. Should not be allowed to leave seal bore inservice.


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Materials Selection for Packers

BONDED SEAL STACK

Two nitrile or viton seals are bonded to each metal

insert with a inner O-Ring and these inserts are

separated by spacer. This type of seal stacks are used

where seal movement out of the seal bore cannot be

prevented. Nitrile seal units are suitable for normal

service and up to a temperature of 350 degree F. Viton

seal units are suitable for sour service ,in all well fluids

except amine based inhibitors, and up to a temperature of250 degree F.

Materials Selection for Packers K-RYTE SEAL STACK

A Baker Packer development consists of Kalrez chevron

seals, backed-up by Teflon and Ryton back-up rings, and

Ryton front-up rings. This type of seal stack resists the

effect of H2S, CO2, amine inhibitors and highly corrosive

treatment fluids. Baker has tested these seals at 450

degree F and 15,000 psi differential under static

conditions and 500 degree F and 10,000 psi differentialunder dynamic conditions, Seal movement should be kept

to a minimum and seal should never leave the seal bore.


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Hydraulic Packer & Dual Hydraulic Packer


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Polished Bore ReceptaclesPOLISHED BORE RECEPTACLE PACKERS (PBR)

To over come problems of packers sticking and to allow for a maximum packerbore where the casing diameter is limited (deep high pressure wells) a new tool hasbeen developed: the polish bore receptacle packer, which consists of a flow tubemoving in a polish bore receptacle. The latter could be incorporated in the casingstring as a nipple or tied to a liner (type) top extension.

CASING SEAL RECEPTACLE

The Casing Seal Receptacle is a casing sub containing a seal bore and left-handsquire thread both of which are compatible with standard Packers tubing sealassemblies. It is run as an integral part of the casing string usually as a crossoverbetween casing sizes. hen cementing or doing remedial work inside the casing, a

,

The tubing string is run with standard tubing seal assembly attached with wire-line

accessories. The Shear-Out Anchor Tubing seal assembly is released by either tubingrotation or sufficient pull to shear loose. If heavy mud is left in the annulus, aLocator Seal Assembly may be required.

PBR and Seal Assembly


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RETRIEVABLE PACKER BORE RECEPTACLE.

The Retrievable Packer Bore Receptacle is design to be

a liner hanger by means of an anchor .The PBR sealassembly can be shear-screwed in place in the PBR. ThePBR assembly with its anchor seal assembly can then belatched into the hydraulic set retainer production packerand entire completion string is run in and set on thetubing string in one trip.

The anchor seal assembly can be latched in latched out or

latch in rotate out type. A retrieving tool is required toretrieve the PBR after pulling out of the tubing strings

RETRIEVABLE PACKER BORE RECEPTACLE.ADVANTAGES OF POLISH BORE RECEPTACLE PACKER SYSTEM.

PBR can be designed to provide maximum bore.

The completion string can be set in one trip and save considerable rig time.

Combination of packers and PBRs can be possible.

o s e ore an sea ng e ements a ow movements o up to eet.

The seal resistance to two types of fluids (packer fluid and produced fluids) is overcome by using two types ofsealing materials

Floating device which effectively eases work-over problems

The liner hanger i s protected from the pressure differentials induced from the top (in the case of upper zonestimulation for instance).

LIMITATION OF POLISH BORE RECEPTACLE PACKERS SYSTEM

Permanent buckling may occur if motion induced by pressure forces is too great (large area subject to pistoneffect)

using an top packer).

Movable seals may have shorter life than permanent packer seals. ( the movements should be minimized toreduce seal wear ).

If no movement occurs, seals may be vulcanize and stick in the polished bore receptacle, creating a problem.This problem should be minimized by the choice of appropriate sealing material.

The option of a polished bore nipple receptacle integrated in the casing string is not recommended, as it couldbe severely damaged by unavoidable drill pipe trip in the hole.


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MECHANICAL SET PACKER

Mechanical Packer is a single string retrievable casing packer. Itsets and retrieves mechanically. It is a service packer used in

Layer wise testing,

Squeeze cementing,

Stimulation,

To find injectivity,

To find casing leakage.

Types of mechanical set packer:

Single-Grip Mechanical Packer.

Double-Grip Mechanical Packer.

Tension set mechanical Packer.

Mechanical Packer Advantages of the Mechanical Packer

It is a very useful packer for well service/repairing job during work over operation.

, .

The packer can be reused in other applications.

The packer does not have to be milled out, if it becomes necessary to remove it,thus saving rig time.

Limitations of the Mechanical Packer

Available only as single string packer.

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Hold-down buttons can be expected to fail, ( at O-ring seals) after numerousreversal in pressure.

It can not stand for a higher differential pressure..

Cannot be used as a completion packer.


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Tension Packer and Mechanical Packer

Tension

Packer

Mechanical Set

Dual Grip Packer

Packer Selection and Design-1

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