Y;1K XXh.04-14:2C, Meceua. C)'HI!a, a llOCI.'OHOCC oaeu 111.'010.11 y ojoj oeeoje He !JO,JIClIH,e 110.1,1.' otipac.io KOllP1l811.1-1 jep i.teoa()plIIOI .V OOJl(/"-)' KaKO ceou sa 3.uuIlHIl.H CiliO.1O.1i. Iloxasyjc ce na tIIe.HI.'. cu.nccu /I.lIIK0611 iiecaua iioocehuj HlI oiiuniiec.toeencxa OO,JlcaHcW611 /I OCHoaHII KOClWIOHlIjCKII.VlwIl (Ilcpvu, MOKOll.l).

KJbVYHC pCYH: .~V.JICHII C108CHII - uapoona .tuputcu - uapooua ocpoean.aJlI/Wo.lO/lJKe i/I.'CWI.' - HI.'OeCKII opa - KOCltOlOHlljClW Mil/Ii - AIl.'cl.'/! - C:VHI!e

/~YH,a - tcoiipuea - IIepyn - iHoKOW

JC,IlHa Hco6HQHa necva, xoja nesa 0 nparox y 06JIaKy, a na jy:;'KHO-CJIOneHCKOM rcpeuv n01HaTa je y HCKOJIHKO aapnjanranx sarmca KOJl Cp6atAnexcuh, 6p. 27 H 6p. 31; Eetoeuh, 6p. 134; Maiuuua, uno, 10, 230, 6p.2; Oiia-iutt, 6p. 16; PajK06l.1n, 6p. 181)1 - .nra-rajaa je sa ncrnrraaan,eMHTOJIOrHje Jy>KHHX CJIODCHa H CJIOnCHCKC MHTOJIOnrje vornure. Y CDOMuajcrapnjcv aanncv, KOjH HC CaJlp/KH onnc KOHTCKCTa naaoben,a, OHa rna-CH osaxo:

Illupoua jc xonpnna.IlBa je norsa noxpnna,A rpehcra? HC Morna:

* Osaj pan nacrao jc V oxsnpv npojcicra non Ha3HBnM: Flpoyuaeatee CpaCKI.' Kl-bU.J1Ce6-HOCWU i/o .J1ClIHp0(lIlMa KnjH cc, non PVKOBO;:ICTBOM M. Kncvr H 4JHHaHcHjcKOM nouohuMHHHCTapCTBa aa HaVKV PcnYOJIHKC Cpfinjc, paznr na

40

Ha rpchcv jc IlICHI1Ua.I-bv cy ;'I(Cml JBa opaua,Mebv T-bHMa CCCTpl1ua.Basnau ccja npenj1HBa.IlI1TaJIa jC1Ba opaua:..lIlTa jc rcon, CCCTpHUC'!VL1' je 1C0l1 error IlIHptW,f'L111 TI1 je cpn !\la.1CH'?""HYIT jc MCHH c.T\)r III 11pm:,Hirr' je MCHH cpn MaJ1CH:Flor.renajrc Y oomn:-',Y OOJIaKV snaraa CTOJI,Ha T-bCM' cjCJI1 zrparn MOj,Ha npCTY My npCTCH MOj,Y ucnv !\IY pvoau MOj,Ha L1aBI1 My IlICLUHp MOj."

(Maiituua, uno, 10, no, op. 2)

Ilo.ie jc MapKI1paH.I1 npocrop )J(CTBC y KOjCM je neuojsa, :>KafbyhI1,UOBCnCHa y KOHTaKT C 6pahoM. llcBojKa, rakobe y iion, crvrra H y OnHOCca CBOj.l1M uparI1M - KOj.l1 jc, no cncuv cvnehn, y3pOK fbCHOM "HcanCKBaT-HOM" nonanrarsv (upeu. iueai, H CMCillTCH je Y OO.l1aK - QI1MC cy jvnaunH3 rrCCMC, na OCHOB.I1 6HHapHHX Orr03.11UI1ja iopeloone, neoolsescn.a, .WYlf:!.-oinceuctco. pa3rpaH.I1QCH.I1.

CaMO YBOllHH CTHXOBH aHam1rHYJ:

TpH je norsa noxprrna,EJ1Hor nvr.na He MOLlaY HyrJIy jc Tonopa,(Anexcuh, op. 31, MOMal.{KC H ncaoja-n:e nccvc)

Bapnjanrno HC xaavje ce fipoj mUM:POll pOlIYL1a xonpnna,CBC jc nOJhC noxpnna,CaM' OCTaJIa urennua,

(Beioeuti. fip. 134. csaroscrca)VI:

Pac.ra rpasa KonpHBC1.TIOCPCll no.sa Ilcrposa,CBC jc nOJ'hC noxpnna,Caxro HeUITO HC Monra,Jafivtca joj nOMOrJla.(A. iexcuh, 6p. 27, MOMat.J.KC H ncsoja-ncc nccuc)

Bapajatrrno iopa:Bch ja L1CJIaMy IOPY,Y IOpU jc llparH MOj.VI Y T-bcra rrpcren Moj.

(Oiia-nth, 3anHcao MHJlaH Bvjacxosnh H3 Cxpa.ra no cchan.v)I'opa jc, HHal.JC jenan OLl HajBa)KHHjHx norvca rpOMOBHHKa (J1eaHoe u Toitopoe, 1974).

41

MCCTO 60paBKa, Y 06.UlKy (aapnjaaruo y lopu 4/r opc), TC, seaa caOJIyjOM, rpOMOM H MylhOM (.,wyH)a II] 06~UlK{[), ZlparOr BC3yjC aa lpOMOB-HHKa /ITepYHa/6aJITHQKOr TIepKyHaCa/CBCTOr l1JIHjy. Taxo nparu H3 o6JIa-xa YJIa3H y Kpyr OO/KaHCTaBa C xocnoronajcxo-nesrajvpuncaa aTpHOYTHManaror apeana (HOal-WB II TOiIOPOO, 1965, 98-100; ]1B{[HOB II TOlIOpOB,1974; lluBbflH 228-238; Enujaoe, 32-33).

Be3Y nparor H3 06JIaKa C lpOMOBHHKOM, OllHOCHO npunanajvhav H3-BeneHHM MHTCKHM JIHKOBHMa, zran.e rrorenunpa npacvcrso xonpnae y iio-/bY, C KOjOM ce jvaaic (xao H ca nenojtcov), HaJIa3H y npocropnoj on03H-unja iopeloone. Konpnaa je, vnpxoc CBOjOj JloKaJII13aUHjH, jcnan 011 HCCyM-I-bHBHX aTpH6YTa lpOMoBHHKa. Ha TO yrryhyjy rsena 06a HMCHa xoiipuea(kpou-uea = npena BOlla) H capa (:JlCUPllWU = naJIHTH, CTHMOJIOIllKHBC3aHO sa rJIarOJI .JlCenll) - lIITO je aaanornja MO/Klla vcnocraarsena ripe-Ma ocofianasra KcmpHBC H rpOMa/Mylhc, na naJIH, (rrpeua KJICTBH: "lPOMTC CrraJIHO!"). MCTO TaKO, 0 BC3H rconpuse H rpova ronope MHora nepona-I-ba H oopenna npaxca xozr Cp6a. Jcp: xortpnsa CC KOpHCTH xao YTyK 011rpoxa, lhOMC CC KHTe JbYllH H separe, xan y rrpo.nehe aarpxrn (CE3, 14,1909, 332; 17; 1911, 169 H 194), rra II H3pa3H: "Hchc rpov y KonpHBC",HJIH .He 6HjC CBCTH l1JIIIja y xonpnae" yrryhyjy na aHaJIOrHa seponan,aH OOPCllHY rrpaKcy.

Y BC3H C TIIM, xonpasa H3 rrCCMC, xao 6HJbKa xojv lpOMOBHHK IllTH-TH, H cava IllTHTH /KHTHO nOJbC, a HC YHHIllTaBa n.cron pon, KaKO OH ccrro CTHXOBHMa MOrJIO YQHHHTH. OBy yJIory xonpnac, y narov KOHTCKCTy,norspbvje H BCpOBaI-be .na he ronnna 6HTH ponna ouna Kall xonpnsa OyjHOpacre (3HJKO, 16, 1911, 154). Kornnco jc onpuaa, y MHTCKOM rroHMalhYCBCTa, BC3aHa C nnonnomhv anvcrpvje H OOJ1lIaj aa ce y CCMC HaMClhCHOaa CCTBY Mchc lhCH KOpCH, KOjH CC xon cejan,a saxona YCPCll lhHBC (CE3,19, 1914, 361), na je cejan.c rcortpnne y BC3H II C npcBeHTHBHoM 3aIllTHTOMvcena 011 rpana.

Taxo ce pOllHa lhHBa aacejana rrIllCHHUOM H xonpnstsax, y nCCMH HHHaQC CTaBJbeHH jenno nopen npvror, noneavjv H ovorvhaaajv, nOIIlTO60/KaHCTBO y qnjCM je 1l0MCHy craapan.e - nJIOllHOCT - H nccrpvxunja- o.rryja, rposr (Meneiuuncicu, 188) - IIlTHTHllOMCH OHJbKC 0 KOjOj je PCQ,THMC nornoaaxcvhn H paCT mneanue. Konpnaa tcoja je y BC3H ca llparHMH3 06JIaKa H I-bCrOB/lpOMOBHHKOB aTpH6YT, IIlTHTH vcese H oxrorvhvjc liMpacr.

Korrpnsa je, MebYTHM, rrpeMa seposaa.ava, H y lloMeHy /KCHCKOr.OHa ce vnorpefirsaaa y Jby6aBHoj MarHjH: na bvpbcanan jc llCBOjKC cane6C3 xopcna, rra na xojv CTpaHY nanne, xan CC OCyIllH, C 're he HM crpanc,sepvjc CC, 1l0hH H CBaTOBH (T3MC, 6, 1894, 643; 3HJKO, 16, 1911, 159;Kapauuh, 4, 1903, 166); HJIH cc, CJIHQHO, xonpnaa 3anCHC aa xannjv, naaKO ce cannje nanon.e, MHCJIC lla he ce TC rOLlHHC ncsojxa vnarn (JKCC,119). Konpnaa ce, naxne, vnorpefirsasa y MarHjII sa CPChHY vnajv. A

4 BHlUI ficrr. 6p. 3.

42

I-bCHy BCJy ca l1HCTl1TyUl1jOM OpaKa, narse, nornpbvjc BCpOBaI-be na cc 11caste KOrrpl1BC vnajv, 11 TO na llaH KOHCTaHTl1Ha 11 JCJICHC (C3, 7, 1907.133). YJ TO, onaj CBCTau CJIaBC KyjyHUHjC (C3, 19, 1914, 60), na ce 11OBOM yHKUl1jOM JaIIITl1TOM sanara KOjl1 jc, npexo JJIaTa, y BCJl1 ca Fpo-MOBHl1KOM (UB{lHOB II TOCWPOB, 1974, 93), npasaax KOHCTaHTI1Ha 11 JeJIC-He 1l0BOllI1 y BCJy HC caao ca Opa~Hl1M BCJl1BaI-bCM Hero 11 ca :>KCHI11160Mcaxor rpOMOBHl1Ka.

Iloxasvje ce, naxne, HC cauo lla He6cCKO 611he MyIIIKor npnaunna H3nCCMC - nparn y orinaxv, npexo xonpnne xao JajcllHI1T..J.KOr arpnovraMyIIIKor 11 :>KCHCKOr HaT..J.eJIa (11 npaanm: aa KOjI1 CC xonpnsa BCJyjC MyIII-KO-:>KeHCKI1 jc) IIITl1Tl1 nonpvsje 3CMaJbCKOr 6l1ha )KCHCKOr npmunma -llCBOjKC, xoja CC CMCIIITa na :>KUTHO norse nopen xojer paCTC KOrrpI1Ba(xoja jc, l1CTOBpCMCHO, 11 I-bCH arpnovr) - nOK :>KCTBCHa CI1TyaUI1ja n.non-HOCT CI1M60JII1Jyjc. YJ TO, npCKO KOrrpI1Be xao MCllujaTopa, y rrCCMl1 110-Jla3I1 110 CJII1BaI-ba cyrrpOTHI1X 3HaKOBa iopeloone; AlYLJj.KOlJLCCHCKO. OBaKOCC "pCKOHCTpyl1IIIC" npavapaa xnjeporavnjcxa CI1TYaUl1ja cnajan,a ncfia 11JCMJbC (y nCCMl1 nOTCHUl1janHo BCH~aI-bC). lla jc OBllC JaI1CTa pe-r 0 BCH-T..J.aI-bY, nornpbvje 11 jeznra 011 napnjaaara rrovenvre rrCCMC, xoja jc 11 saric-JIC:>KCHa xao CBaTOBCKa (EezoBul1, op. 134), a y MI1TCKOM rrOl1MaI-bY CBCTarsvncxa cnanoa je, rro npaannv, l1Ml1TaUl1ja 60:>KaHcKc.

A ynpaBo y OKBl1PY CBCTe CBallOC llOJIa3I1 no YKI1,IlaI-ba nouenvrnxcyrrpoTHOCTI1, "Ha rrO~CTKY TCOrOHl1jcKor 11 TeOKOCMOrOHl1jcKor npoueca"(Me/lewuHcKu, 210-211), KOjH ce nonasn,a CBaKC rOllHHC, I1JaJHBajyhl1ofinn,e KaKO na nnanv "KyJITypC" (:>KHTO), TaKO H y OOJIaCTl1 .npnpone"(xonpasa). Tlpupooahcy.uiiypa y xoersacrcaunja MaHI1CcTyjy ce y rrCCMHy napancnaou nocrojan.v zma non.a - xorrpnmsaxa 11 :>KHTHC I-bI1Be. THMCce rrCCMOM xasvje H KaKO cc OBa ana npocropa HC Mory paanaajaru-, 6aIIIxao urro "Ky.1Wypa YKJby~jC onIIITy CpCbCHOCT, HconX01lHY sa HOpMaJIaH:>KHBOT y paBHOTC:>KI1 ca npapoaaoxr CPC,IlHHOM" (Meneiuuncxu, 2(2).

lla jc nparn H3 OOJIaKa JaI1CTa 6I1hc KOjC HMa BCJe ca MyI-bOM/rpoMoM- rpoMoBHHK/IIcpyH - nornpbvje nCCMa C TCMOM :>KCHl1,llOe Mvrse ne-BOjKOM, xojv jc 3a6cJIC:>K110 ByK, y CTHXOBI1l\fa:

[ ... JAKO he je vnarn sa CYHuc,11 CYHue je Han-IO H /KCCTOKoi"Ilpnnanahe CCjH nauroj JIHUe -llaheMo je MYH>11 113 ofinaxa,Kazr aarpva, nancxo CC -rvje,A xan rrvxne, CBaK [cc] 60jH sa ceo

(CHDp 1, 6p. 105)

5 VI cava xonpnaa, xoja je rtpsa 3eICHa Ol1JbKa y nponchc, HMa BCOMa Ba/KHY vnorvy npouecy rpaaccpopaauaje npapone y Ky.1TYPY - OHa yeaua I1Ma Ba/KHY vnorv y pI1TY-anaoj npaxcn - ofiancano ce jene y onpebene nane ()Kee, 133).

t\ Ilpoucc MHTCKe pervnaunjc JlHCBHo-HohHor CBeTJIa H ronnore pCnCKTYjc cc yrrpasava y Kojl1Ma cc roaopn HC cano 0 npejaxoj CyH'lCBOj CBCTJ'lOCTH, vcnopasatsv f-bCrOBOrKpCTaf-ba. sch 11 0 rrocrojaisv seher fipoja cvnaua (Meneiuuncxu, 187, 193, 212), UlTO ccpecpnexrvje H y OBOj nCCMH.

43

A npexo onor npasrepa necua 0 'uCBOjUI1 11 zrparov y 06JlaKy BC3yjC ce 11C necaasra 0 )J(cHI1,U6I1 npvrnx Hc6cCKI1X nojasa vonurre, y KojI1Ma ce, V6oraToj [vxorocnoaencxoj Tpa,UI1UI1j11, y yn03I1 MJIarrO)J(ClhC, nopcn Mylhe,Mory rrojaBI1TI1 CYHUC, Meceu 11 3Be3,UC (Eo8aH I, op. 337 11 6p. 338;)!(z{LHel/, 6p. 57 11 CTp. 357 - Eena xpajnaa; Kyxau, op. 1892; Maiuuu,1865, 9, 203; 06pad08Un, op. 66, 6p. 67, 6p. 69; Paitcoeuh, op. 184 11 185;CHJI I, 6p. 230 11 231; CHJIp I, 6p. 105 H 108; Tepceinae, op. 16 H 244;Illaynuh, 5, 23-24 11 42), KOjH ce Y MHTCKOM nonnarsv CBCTa, CMClhyjyhHjC,UHO npvro, aanase y reaercxoj I1. rnnonouncoj BC3I1. (lJ8aHo8 U TOllOP08,1974; Me_1euLUHcKu, 252-257; Lluessn, 228-238; Ilaenoeuh, 2(1).

npI1.MCp )J(CHI1.110C nefiecxor oI1.ha 3CMa.JbCKOM HCBCCTOM TaKO ripen-craarsajv CTI1.XOBI1. nCCMC 3a6cJlc)J(CHC jour rrOnOBI1.HOM npow.'lor BCKa KO,U6enoKpajI1HCKJfX Cp6a:

[... ]Hvrpn I1MaM llCBCT opaToBVI ncccro MfL'TO cecrpo.Epaun 1\IH ce cnoacn.ajo,KOMC he jo cccrpo vnarn,Ana K CyHUy, an' K MCC'UY,Eon,e cvnuv, Hero K MCC'UY:Meceu MI1 cc cnpcsrnajvje,Cnpesutejvje, cnpecrapvje,CyHUc MI1 jc BaBCK MJIallO,BaBcK MJIallO, Eorv ztparo.

(TepceL1U8 , op. In).

Ana .y yn03I1 Mna,n:O)J(clhc KO,n: jy)J(HocnOBCHCKHX napona MO)J(e ce no-janarn 11 Meceu, aa xojer HCKJf JfCTpaJKJfBa-qJf MJfCne na ra je cvenunaMylha (JIaB_W8Un, 201). 0 JKCHI1,n:6I1. Meceua nena ce y CTJfXOBI1.Ma 3a-6cnc)J(cHJfM y npournon BCKy Mcby Cp6JfMa y CnaBOHJfjI1. onaxo:

,,OJ njesojxo o'jcJIa, BCD,pa,be ca BOllC tcvnosana?""HI1)Ke CCJra HeBeCCJIaDCHO jafinan" zrpso pacre:Y jafinana 11Vre rpaae,Ha rpaaaua 3JIaTHe peec,0TVD, I1D,C fipar 11 cecrpa,CCKa fipairv rOBOpHJIa- CTaH', npa-rexaj, MHJIH fiparc!)la rrpHKyql1M zrvre rpaHe,Ila caocpex 3JIaTHC pece,lla ja HOCHM xvj-xosa-rvlla MI1 xvjc 3JIaTHe KJhyqe,na OTBOpHM 6'jcJIC nsope"

7 Ja6JIaH H3 OBC nCCMC je, no cBeMy Cy1lChH, npso CBCTa. Ca l-bHM CC OH MO)KC D,OBeeTHCTHMOJIOrHjoM ea ja6VKoM, pyCKH ja6.1ofb, xoja y cpncxoj necna-ncoj rpanaunja HCCyMl-bHBOHMa novcavrv cPyHKUHjy (CHIT I, op. 48S; Heauoe u Toiiopoe, 1965, 81).

x Orxrsvxaaatse 3eMJhc/Bollc/rpaD,a/Kyhc jc MOTHB KOjH ce jaarsa y KocMoroHHjcKoMMHTV (J16aHoe 11 Toiiopoe. 1965, 100-113; Heanoe 11 Toiiopoe, 1974, 194-197).

44

11a ja BHllHM KO j' V nnopv,An Y nsopv KlLl0 nrpa,H y KO"1Y ceja Mupiiia,Ha L1aBH joj 3"1aTHa napra,VI CBH.'leHH nOBC3aQa,M TpH ncpa rcanoncpaM qeTHPH l\1H,10;:rya. -Epaha cy cc MHjcHHmlKvna henv ccsv narn:- Hn' h'uo CyHUy, lolJJ' Mjeceuy?He .::\aMO jc AKaHCTBa l.J:HjH jc llaH (npsn MapT) y BC3H CrpOMOM II KonpHBOM, H LJ:CBojKa C non.a H3 npse neCMC - HMajy BC3C CHCKHM 3a6opaBJhCHHM 60)l(aHCTBOM nJl01IHOCTH.

11a je TaKO, no CBCMy cvnehn, norspbvje l.J:HlhCHHua na je HCKalIaHona ronnaa no-nneana rrpBHM MapTOM, rra 6H CC Mapra MOrJIa BC3aTH aa60rHlhy ca HCTHM HMCHOM xoja HMa KocMonmHjcKc aTpH6YTc. DBy nper-nocranxv nortcpenn.vje HH3 pa3JlHl.J:HTHX neposaa,a, npn-ra H ofin-raja KOjHCC, Y OKBHpy npOJIChHHX KyJITOBa nJIOlIHOCTH, na jy)l(HOCJIOBCHCKOM H6aJIKaHCKOM TCpCHy seavjv aa lhy (Bt.nuunoea, 33-77; Cauapuuja, 243-248). TaKBy npCTnoCTaBKY, ,I:J:aJbC, norspbvjv acrpaxcnaatsa npmena uaurapejr TCpCHy, xoja MapTY YBO)le y onlllTCCJ10BCHCKH naHTCOH, H ncsvjvjc aa rpOMOBHHKoBy/TIcpyHoBy )l(CHy, xoja HCTOBpCMCHO, HMa H oocncxjaOO>KaHCTBa CMpTH (Heauoe 1I Touopoe, 1965; Heauoe u TOLlOp06, 1974),lllTO HHjC HCOOHl.J:HO, nOIllTO ce KO)l CmJBCHa BCHl.J:alhC H CMpT, xao ana-JIOrHH 06PCllH npenaaa, McbycOOHO HC HCKJbyqyjy, lllTO noxasvje CJIHl.J:-HOCT H3MCby lhHXOBHX cBa1I6cHHx ofin-raja ca 06Hl.J:ajHMa BC3aHHM sa CMpT(Buoaxoeuh, 43-67).

Ha MoryhHocT BC3HBalha MapTHHc CBaLJ:OC H3 rrCCMC ca cjrphv, O)lHO-CHO nonoben,a y BC3Y 6mKaHcTBa nJIOllHOCTH ca yMHpalhcM, l.J:HjH jc pe-epJICKC ca-rvsan y noeanjn, ynyhyjy zma nparoneaa napnjarrraa sanacanOMCHYTC nCCMC ()Ki{LHeZf, op. 57; C3, 1948, 58, 248). DBH 3anHCH rre-

45

cava, I-IHal.IC nCBaHHX na I1BaHLIaH, OKO nyrOJlHCBHUC, ca-mn.cna KOn Cp6aH Xpnara, xasvjv napaJTCJlHO 0 lIBC HCBCCTC, BapHjaHTHO: 0 MapTH H 0Mapn.

Tlpsa, CpnCKa napujarrra, y OBOM KOHTCKCTy aajnparoucuuja, ncaanajc y nCCKOBal.fKOM xpajv 0 JTCTI-bCM CBCTOM JOBaHy. flCBOjKC 6H raaa naBpXOBHMa 6pna J10)Ky1J1C sarpv. Pobauu 6H HX npaTHJTH. a npR,'lpy:>KHJIH 6HHM CC H MOMUH H3 CCJla. Barpv, OKO KOjC 6H CC HrpaJ10, rrornan.nnana 6Hnajcrapnja ncnojxa" H rana CC nCBaJlO:

,.OJ y ropH oraa, r opu!",OKO orn.a KO"O nrpa;llcBeT fipahc C MapTOM CCCTpOM.Ha MapTH jc jcnna napra,OKHheHa PYrKI1W:tMa.rlO3J1ahCHa JBC3~lI1WIMa.[... jTIY'"IC napTa, (J)JC Mapra,'[... ]

(CE3. 194~. 5H. 24X)

nOCJTCnI-bH CTHXOBH OBC, aaase y cpparncrrrv 3a6cJ1C)KCHC, nCCMC, yKa3yjyna TO na CC y n.oj rosopa 0 BCHl.faI-by.11 Ann, aa paarnncv on caanfie xojajc TOKOM ncreranajcscr npoueca MOnIa 6HTH nenpecrano HMHTOBaHa Hnonaarsana, H l.fHjH CC UOLteWaK Morao CJlaBHTH OKO HOBC rOnHHC (npanMapT), cnanoa ormcana y rroron.oj nCCMH npa3HOBaJTa je I-bCrOB saepute-{UaK. 3aTo jc Mapra, y Kpyry 6JlHCKHX sapnjanara, MOrJTa H 3ano6HTH HMeMapa, xao y noncnvroj xpnarcrcoj nCCMH:

[... ]V rpanv jc lIeBCT opaua,11 11CCCTa cccrpa Mapa.KOMy hCMO Mapy 11aTH,011 1111 CVHUV. 011 n Meceuv?[... ] ., ,

()KhlHel!, op. 57).

tJ 11rpal-be jc, KaKO ce acpvjc, JafipaHHo H npoKl1cO HCKH xarrvbcp nOUITO jc, HaR(HHO.fipaT CCCTpH CTaBI10 pvxe y ncnpa 1I0K je K(WO I1rpam) OKO sarpc (CE3. 194~, 5~. 24X). yHayIlI1 cc cvarpa 11a jc MOTI1B HHueCTa HJMeby ripara H cecrpc y HBal-blIClHCKHM oOpC.JI1MClBC3aH sa OCHOBHy OnOJHuHjy eauipaleooa (I1BuHoa l/ TOll0P06 , 1974).

III TIo HCKHM I1CTparKHBal-bHMa vnpaso Ol(LH, y iopu 1!OBO;lH CC Y RCJy ca 3pC.1HMn_'0110BHMa (B1d'"ClIHoea, 63), xojc, HHaLfC, aCOUHpa I1BaI-blIaHCKa OOpCIlHOCT. TIo nOMCHYTHMHCTpa)J(HBal-bHMa. OBy BCJy CHMO(1J1HLfKH mpaacaaajv npHLfc (J llCRojUH/HCBCCTH KOjOj cc no-CTaBJba Te/KaK aanarax, 11a y nespeuc, y 3HMy (y BC311 ca npsovaproecxou ofipcnnornhv) ..'lOHeCC 3pCJ1C jaronc, KOjC OHa HaJIa3H. TaKO nrro OIl naa nYTHHKa KOjH CC rpcjv na OlH,}'vcpeo lope 1l0fiHja xcap, KOjH CC npcrsapa y 3pCJ1C jaro.ac (B1>.1'"Cl/HOBO, 63). Y naurcv cnv-rajvPCLf jc 0 OfipHVTOM, CHMCTpH'lHOM npouecv, 0 HHBep3HjH. npcofipahan.v ilutltowoi y ()l/K1>C.IllTO onrosapa MHpOBal-by ronnunser uHK11ca.

II Zlcaoja-nca raratsa BC3aHa aa I1BaHllaHCKC BaTpe: BCpOBaJIO cc IIa hc CC TC rO,lHHCvnarn OHa ncsojxa xoja y TOKy noha BHIIH lICBCT I1BaHlIal-bCKHX BaTpH - vnvhvjv vnpaso uaRC3Y nOMCHYTe sarpe H3 neCMC ca opaLfHHM cnajatscv (3e t tee ll h , 32). 11. KOBClLfCRl1h noucnv-Ty crrrvamrjv 113 necxre, raxobe TyMaLfH y KOHTCKCTy oopena npc.tasa, Koeauceuh, J25-133.

46

J Cp, ynpaBo I1CTpa:>KI1BaI-ba BpWCHa aa Wl1pCM CJIOBCHCKOM TCpCHy I1MCMapa/Mopena nesvjv, rrpe csera, aa OO:>KaHCTBa CMpTI1 (HBaHOB if Toiio-pOB, 1965, 73-85; Mpiaeeuh, 327-337; TepHoBcKaJI, 111-114; Ycaeucxu;176).

lIa jc noron.a npn-ra 3al1CTa y BC311 ca xpajen rrpoucca BCrCTaUl1jc,norspbvje nvronnenmrsxo BpCMC 113BObcI-ba rrOCJlCnI-bI1X nOMcHYTI1X rrcca-Ma 0 Mapraaoj/Mapnnoj vnajn, HaKOH xojer 11 CyHUC rrO"LJI1I-bC na orra-na/vanpc, rra CTI1XY Tly- uapiua, ooe Mapiiia, y OBOM KOHTCKCTY MO:>KCOI1TI1 "nOrrI1CaH" nOnaTHI1 CMI1Cao: BCH"LJaI-bC = CMpT.

lIa oaaj ofipen BCH"LJaI-ba 0 Haaaaanv," 0 KOjCM rOBOpl1 necva, lIMaBC3C ca cxtphv!' norspbvje aHaJIOraH MY pnrvan cnarsnaan.a y I1BaI-bCKojnarpn rrvrxe ca I1MCHOM Mapa, KOjl1 jc, l1aKO Hl1jC sanauhen Mcby jY)KHI1MCJlOBCHI1Ma, rr03HaT KOn ztpvrux CJlOBCHCKI1X napona (Heal-wB U Toiiopoe,1974, 220-221; Tepnoecxasi; 111-114).

TI1MC ce noxaavje na jc Mapra 113 necava y CJlaBY pacra BCrCTaUl1jc,y rrpouccy caapenaisa vcesa MOrJla "CBOJlYl1paTI1" y Mapv/Mapexv. Yo-CTaJIOM, na TO vxaavje 11 l.J11I-bCHl1ua na 11 cava Mapra, y BCpOBaI-bI1Ma,rrpl1l.JaI-bI1Ma 11 ofipennoj npaxcn Jy:>KHI1X CJlOBCHa, lIMa nonjcnnaxo arpn-ovre .acsane 11 crapnue (BOJ1LtUHOBa, 33-69), oorl1I-bc :>KI1BOTa 11 oorl1I-beCMpTI1, WTO 3Hal.J11 na je OHa y OCHOBI1 BC3aHa aa BCJII1KY Oorl1I-bY MajKy.

OBaKBy rrpernocrasxv I1JIyCTpyjC 11 npaxep neCMC y KOjOj ce rropenMapTC, xoja jc y I-boj CCCTpa Jvronaha, y epyHKUl1jl1 MJIanO:>KeI-ba nojanrsv-jy 11 Map-KoBl1hl1:

Ilvav BCTap jvroamraTe nonecc Maprn nacpre11 CBHJTCHO nOBC3aTO11 JIBa rpaxa cvsa snara,11 JIBa ncpa xanonepa!",11 nsa nepa navrrosa,11 qCTHPH IlIaHHOBa.JhYTo KYHe MajKa MapTY:.Ko MH nabe MapTH nadrre,11 CBHJTeHY nOBc3aTY.[... ]Ha nOKo'OH My urhcpxa Mapra,HCK jc Jby6H, Kan CC 6ynH."

12 3aHHMJbHBO je na y jcnaoj BapHjaHTH OBC nCCMC, H3BObCH>C 0 Hsannaav, H Mnauo-/KCH>a HOCH HMC l1BaH (Kyxa, fip. 1892). Taxo ce HMCHOM HC casro aCOUHpa npnnanajvhapHTyan y OKBHpy xoje ce OH. oyuyhH na jc y BC3H ca BaTpOM, llOBO,UH y KOMnJTCKC OO/KaH-CTaBa Be3aHHX sa orars: ITcpYH - l1BaH (Heauoe u TOlIOp06, 1974, 218-219).

13 Oaae ce MO/Ke ycnoCTaBHTH aaanornja ca craporp-rrcax KOMnnCKCOM fiOrHH>a 'rnrrallcMcTpa - Ilepcccpoaa.

14 B. Hajxauosah CMaTPa na Be3Y xanoncpa ca ITepYHoM norspbvjc CTHX nCCMC:Kanonep Ilcpo, JhCJbO

(CHIT I, op. 376)Y KOjOj ce, no H>CroBOM MHIlIJbCH>Y acounpa neMHHYTHBHO HMC Ilepvaoao (l.{a;KaHoellh.127-128).

47

To 3aQYWe MapKoBHhH.I10TypHwe CBC TaMOYPC,VI Y3ClllC OIlJTPC xocc,[lPKPCHllIC CBe o1HBa,iJ,C,VI nabourc MapTH nasrc,[ ... J

nnK.10HH HM ~lajKa MapTY,HCK jc JbVOC, Ka;J, ec oyJc.

(lllay.wh, 23-24).

To, napasno, MO:>KC OHTH CTHMOJlOlIlKa nrpa pe-mua. ana .naru ccrMCHTnpaxc, Moryhc jc, vrtvhvje H na HCKH I-bCH H3rv6JbCHH nco, y KOjCM ccKa3HBCL:l0 0 aarsapan.v umorvca aereraunje, vnajoa OOrHI-bC aererauaje aaHCKO 6mKaHcTBo C arpaovrmra CMpTH, na KOjC vnvhvje HMC Map-KoBHhHy nasenenoj rrCCMH, qHMC jc H caxa OOrHI-ba aanoonjana aHaJlOrHC oco-6HHC.

Taxo KOMrrJ1CKCHH JlHK HCBCCTC xoja Hca.rrCKBaTHO :>KatbC (Basoan cejaiJpeiL1u6a) oojenan-vje HH3 napnjanra necava 0 nefiecrcoj cBa.rr6H - aafie-JlC:>KCHHX na jy:>KHOCJIOBCHCKHM rrpocropaxa - y nnejv pabarsa, :>KHBOTaH CMpTH (H6aHo6 U TOCt.Op06, 1965, 73-85). lIpyrHM pe-nnra, nenojxa H3TC nCCMC H Mapra aa xojv ce sesvje rpannunja H3 aHaJIOrHOr Kpyranpencrasa, y pa3JlWmTHM nepaorraaa nereraunje, na rrOqCTKY H y TOKy,aanoonjajv arpnfivre 60:>KaHCTBa :>KHBOTa, rtnonaocrn H pacra, .rrOK y aa-BplIlHOM ncnv nereraunje OHC nonpnxrajv arpnfivre 60:>KaHCTBa CMpTH.

Ilpnxa 0 nparox y 06JlaKy jc, zraxne, esoxaunja xajeporaanje (Me-neiuuucxu, 207, 210), HCTO xao lIlTO cy TO H nCCMC 0 :>KCHHn6H CYHua/Mc-ceua/avn.e.fiora ipOMoBHHKa (Hc6cCKH MJlanO:>KCI-ba) HCBCCTOM ca CBCTJlO-cHo/BcrcTaTHBHHM arpnovnma: Ha i.naeu joj 3/la111Ha iiaptiia /H C61L1eHlltioeesaua.ll-I iupu iiepa anotiepalkI ueiiiupu uu.iooya. AJIH, HaKO nCOaajennn-ncor KOHTcKcTa, CBC re neCMC cy, aepoaarao, 61IJle Be3HBaHC aapa3JlW-IHTC rpeavtxe npoueca nereraunje, lIlTO je OTBapaJlO MorynHocTvaobea.a y rrpn-rv cvnpornax arpnfivunja jennou HCTOM 6Hny, a C THM YBC31I H MorynHocT I-bHXOBOr napnpan,a.

3acan HCOCBCTJbCHa npnpona 60:>KaHCTBa KOjC na xpajv npouecasereranaje onsona HCBCCTy, McbyrHM, ocraje ornopena. Ha MoryhHocTarpaovnpaa,a Tor 60)KaHCTBa, KOjC 6H Y jC.rrHOM rpenvrsv nocrajano nan-nan HeOCCKOM MJIanO:>KCfbH, HaBOllH lIMC Map-HHlIX MJlanO:>KCfba, Map-KO-BHhH, y aeh novenvroj HCo6HqHOj npa-nr 0 I-bCHOM (HC:>KCJbCHOM?) npo-MHCKylITCTHOM fipaicv. I1JIH OH, narc, caM nefiecxa MJIa.rrO:>KCfba OB.rrC 3a1l0-6Hjao HHBCp3HC OCOOHHC, na urra, raxobe, HaBOnH I-bCrOBO npvro lIMC,I1BaH,15 H3 jenne napnjaare nOMcHyrc rrCCMC 3a6cJIc:>KCHC na xajxaacxonTCpCHy, naaxe BC31IBaHC sa H6aJ-bCKU kpujec:

15 AHaJIOrujoM VIBaHa Kvnana ea rpOMOBHHKOM, npCKO BaTPC, VIBaHoB H Tonopos cy.asrnena, na rparv OBOM 60)f(aHeTBy (J1eGHOe II Toiiopoe, 1974, 217-219).

4R

[1Vnarra CC sa I1BaHa. Mcccu he joj ~CBCP OI1T.Bee 3BC3.:J:I1UC TIllCHaUJl1UC. a Llamma HCBCCTa.

(Ky.'W1. op. I~(2)

Ami CBe OBO 3aXTCBa HaKHa,IIHa ncrpaacnsaa,a.

CfIl1CAK CKPAliEHI1UA

A. tcxcult - Ll. A.1CKCHh, Jlu-unuce, Fpa-rau, 1934.Eeioeuh - H. Eerosuh. Cpiiocc uapoonc ujec.wc, 113 JIIIK!! II Eauuie, xojc jc car.vnno

H 3

49

CllIlp 1 - CHnp I - Cpiicxe uapooue iuecue 113 ueoojae.teuux pytcoiiuca ByxaCweeP' Kapauuha I, npnp. :>K. MJlaneHOBHh H B. Hemrh. Eeorpan, 1974.

Tepuoecxasi - O. A. TCpHoBcKa5l, 06p.4.o petucuust 11 CtOXOpOH KYI\YLJJKll C ITiO'1Kllspenus iipunuuiia 3aK.1UHaZUe.%HOIO tiuuoua, ,,3TH(L1HHrBHcTHKa TCKCTa, CCMI10THKa MaJIHXepOpM dxinsxnopa", I, Mocxaa, 19RR.

Tepcetnae - M. TepCCrJIaB, YCKOIjJKa liCCCHCI\(I OeOllljJlfllH(I Ee.te xpajuue. Jbyo,1>aHa,199fJ.

YCliCHCKli - b. Ycrtencxu. (/Jll.1O.10111lfccKlie pa3hlCKaHWI 8 00. iacutu ca.1B.4.HCKliX opee-HOCWC1I, Mocxsa, 1982.

Il1l8M!.H - T. UHBb5lH, l'vfo([iIlB HaKa]aHWI Mecsiua 8 cto.nceiiu: HeOecHOlI CBaOOhi. V"baJ1TO-CjlaB~IHCKHC HCCJlcnOBaHH5I", yp. B. l-1BaHOB, MOCKBa, 1980. .

Hajtcanocuh - B. Y.ajKaHOBHh. Pe'tHIiK (j){{CKIiX HapOC)HllX ecpoean.a 0 01libKa.wa, npH-pcnno H ztorrvmro B. BYPHh. Ecorpan, 1985.

Illay.iuh - H. Illavnah, Cpiicx napooue ujec.ve. Ecorpa.r, ILJ2G.