MARITIME TRANSPORT SAFETY IN

MALAYSIA Prepared by:

Mrs. Nurul Asnida Abdul Wahab Ministry of Transport Malaysia

BACKGROUND: MALAYSIA AS MARITIME NATION

Government Agencies responsible for maritime activity: 1.Ministry of Transport Malaysia – Maritime Division 2.Ministry of International Affairs – Maritime Division 3.Marine Department Malaysia

Consist of approximately 500,000 km² water area Straits of Malacca (SOMS) – high density traffic As of August 2016, >100,000 ships navigated through

SOMS >55,000 ships enter main ports in Malaysia (Port

Klang , PTP etc.)

Therefore, it s vital to protect our

shipping passage for both domestic and international

purposes.

4. National Security Council, PMO – Maritime Security, boundaries, SAR 5. Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA) – Maritime security, SAR

Ministry of Transport Organization Structure

Ministry of Transport

Vision Spearheading the transformation of an integrated,

efficient and safe transportation system

Mission Strengthening the transportation system driven by

technology as a catalyst for national development

Moto Sustainable Transport The Heart Of National Development

Ministry of Transport

To plan, formulate and implement policies for maritime transport, rail, ports and civil aviation.

Functions

Infrastructure projects, rail, maritime, ports and civil aviation Provides licensing services

Registration of all modes of vehicles

Determine pricing policy(except commercial vehicle road)

Regulate the policies and operations of the concessionaire/government companies

Verification/monitoring service standards, security (service and safety standards) and legislation

Implementing regional and international cooperation in the field of transport

Ministry of Transport: Maritime Division

Ministry of Transport: Maritime Division

Functions

Promote shipping industry

Formulate policies (navigational safety, seafarers, pollution

from ships etc.)

Formulate policies,

coordinate and oversees ports Ratify international

convention and amend/review related national

legislation

Strengthen maritime

cooperation

Issue and process DSL

Ministry of Transport: National Legislation

Merchant Shipping Ordinance (MSO) 1952 Merchant Shipping Ordinance (MSO) 1960 Federation Port Rules 1953 Ocean Cargo Transport Act 1950 [Act 532] Federal light dues Act 1953 [Act 240] Penang port Commission Act 1955 [Act 138] Port Authorities Act 1963 [Act 487] Bintulu Port Authority Act 1981 [Act 240] Ports (privatisation) Act 1990 [Act 422] International Yacht Registration Act Langkawi 2003 [Act

630]

Ministry of Transport: Ratified Conventions No.

International Conventions Date Enforced in Malaysia

1 Maritime Labour Convention 2006 (under the International Labour Organization)

20th August 2014

2 Nairobi International Convention of Removal of Wrecks, 2007 14th April 2014 3 The Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-Operation To

Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances, 2000 21th February 2014

4 Protocol of 1988 relating to the International Convention on Load Lines (LL) 1966, as amended

11th February 2012

5 International Convention on Load Lines (LL) 1966 as amended by the Protocol of 1988

11th February 2012

6 Protocol of 1988 relating to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974, as amended

11th February 2012

7 International Convention for the Control and Management of Ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004

27th September 2011

8 International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems on Ships

27th December 2010

9 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL), Annex VI: Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships

27th December 2010

Ministry of Transport: Ratified Conventions No.

International Conventions Date Enforced in Malaysia

10 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL), Annex IV: Prevention of Pollution by Sewage from Ships

27th December 2010

11 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL), Annex III: Prevention of Pollution from harmful substances in Packaged Form

27th December 2010

12 The International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001 (Bunkers Convention 2001)

12th December 2009

13 The International Convention for the Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims, 1976 as Amended by Protocol of 1996 (LLMC Convention 1996)

10th February 2009

14 Amendments Adopted in November 1991 to the Convention of the International Maritime Organization (Institutionalization of the Facilitation Committee)

7th December 2008

Ministry of Transport: Ratified Conventions No.

International Conventions Date Enforced in Malaysia

15 International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND) Protocol 1992

9th June 2005

16 International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC) 1992

9th June 2005

17 International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC) 1990

13th October 1997

18 Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) 1973, as amended (Annexes I, II and V)

1st May 1997

19 International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) 1978, as amended

30th April 1992

20 Convention on the International Mobile Satellite Organization (INMARSAT) 1976, as amended

12th August 1986

21 Operating Agreement on the International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) 1976, as amended

12th June 1986

22

International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships (Tonnage) 1969

24th July 1984

Ministry of Transport: Ratified Conventions

No.

International Conventions Date Enforced in Malaysia

23 Protocol of 1978 relating to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974, as amended

19th January 1984

24

International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) 1974, as amended

19th January 1984

25 Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG) 1972, as amended

23th December 1980

26

Convention on the International Maritime Organization 1948 17th June 1971

Marine Department Malaysia

Functions

Ensure safe navigation of

merchant vessels

Provide services to merchant vessels such as

ship inspection, certification, registration

and licensing

Provide services to ships navigating in Malaysian

waters and ports;

Supervise examinations of seafarers

Marine Department Malaysia Activities

Registration of ships and

licensing of boats

Inspection of Flag State and Port State Control

Investigation on ships accident

Prevention and control of marine

pollution Regulating

shipping laws Regulating the International

Safety Management Code

(ISM Code)

Maritime safety and inspection of

ships

Implement and monitor the

implementation of international convention

Inspection of ships' safety

Verification of International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS )

Code

Training and examination

Maritime Transport Safety: Contributing factors globally

MAJOR FACTORS

AFFECTING THE

SAFETY OF MODERN

NAVIGATION

Professional competence -many shippers seek cheaper workforce -Lack of professional training -Fail to fully implement IMO standards

Insufficient manning -Insufficient crew members -fatigue -maritime legislative which in most segments appeases the shippers allowing them to use minimum crew onboard ships

Piracy -pirates operate across vast ocean areas which are difficult to monitor and control efficiently -limited assets that are allocated for fighting piracy.

Language barriers -crew members under pressure start panicking and using their national languages. -conflicts arising from different social, cultural, even religious backgrounds.

Source: THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF SAFETY IN MARITIME TRANSPORTATION (2014) Stipe Galic, Zvonimir Lusic, Ivica Skoko

Maritime Transport Safety: Problems faced by Malaysia

PROBLEMS IN MARITIME TRANSPORT SAFETY:

MALAYSIA’S CASE

Maritime incidents eg. Accident, oil spill

-merchant ships accidents -2013 (59) -2014 (50) -2015 (67)

Multiple policies developed by different

government agencies. Eg. Oil spill response

Piracy issues

Human resource

Pollution from ships

Different legislation eg. MSO 1952 & MSO 1960

Substandard ships -Mostly in Sabah & Sarawak -2015 – wood ship exploded in Sandakan -Carrying fuel illegally

funding

Maritime Transport Safety: Malaysia’s case

Measures to improve maritime transport safety in Malaysia

International Standards and national

legislation Technical measures Capacity building

IMO Conventions Constant review of Merchant Shipping Ordinance 1952 & 1960 Federation Port Rules 1953

Aids to Navigation (AtoN) Vessels Traffic System (VTS) Port State Control ISPS Code & ISM Code Establishment of P&I Malaysia Maintenance dredging at jetties

Oil Spill Response

ITCP Programme Training and Examination International participation (IMO, IALA)

Regional table top exercise (Aug 2016) Oil spill response base

Maritime Transport Safety: Malaysia’s case

Measures to improve maritime transport safety in Malaysia

Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS)

International Collaboration

an initiative to facilitate marine traffic in the Straits of Malacca.

to reduce the risk of close quarter situation between ships.

ships are separated by the navigation routes determined by the Marine Department of Malaysia.

Maritime cooperation through meetings eg. ASEAN meetings

Joint projects with dialogue partners (Japan, Korea, China etc.) - VTS operator training

Effective communication

Constant communication among related agencies involved in maritime sectors

STRAITREPS

Mandatory ship reporting systems in the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. Provides information to ships about specific and critical situation which could cause conflicting traffic movements and other information concerning safety of navigation.

Maritime Transport Safety: Way forward for Malaysia

Way forward in maritime

transport safety

- Consolidated system for navigation routes

- Accessible on ships real time

- Coordination between related agencies involved in maritime activities

Sufficient human resources

Establishment of shipping fund

Single legislation (MSO 1952 + MSO 1960)

THANK YOU