Literacy @ Lakeside

Literacy @ LakesideLiteracy @ Lakeside

The following literacy The following literacy procedures will help you in procedures will help you in

every class.every class.

Literacy @ LakesideLiteracy @ Lakeside

The following literacy The following literacy procedures will help you in procedures will help you in

every class.every class.

Getting Knowledge

Ready

Vocabulary

Paraphrasing

Reading Aloud

Summarise

What questions does the text

answer?

Review

The HRLTPs

Procedure 1.Getting Knowledge Ready

means:

• Thinking about our new topic or text

• Finding out what we already know• Visualising (making a picture or

movie) in our heads• Relating what we already know to

our topic or text.

•Why are we reading this text?•What do I already know about this text or topic?•Can I look at the title and sub headings of the text and guess what the text is about?•Can I skim and scan the paragraphs?•What do the pictures and illustrations tell me?•Can I imagine or visualize (create a picture in my mind) a key idea, event or topic?•What questions will it answer?

When you get your knowledge ready ask yourself:

For example: You are starting a topic on “Egypt” in Humanities. How will you “get your Knowledge ready” at home and at

school?

• It helps if you close your eyes and visualise anything that reminds you of that word.

• If you can’t think of anything scan your text for ideas.

• Did you see a movie on Egypt?• Do you know what and where it is?

Did you think of any of these?

L

Procedure 2.Vocabulary To learn new words I need to:

• Highlight or underline the words I don’t know and put them in a glossary

• Say, spell and provide a synonym for each word

• Link the word with other words I know

• Use the new words and new ideas in full sentences

Learning new vocabulary will help you:

• read words accurately • understand what you are reading• improve your spelling• improve your vocabulary• learn more about the topic you

are learning

• To find the location of the forest fire we had to triangulate from the peaks of nearby mountains.

Vocabulary activity: Can you work out what triangulate means?

ate=the action??

tri=three??

angul=angle??

How could drawing angles help me find a fire??

Triangulation is the process of pinpointing the location of something by taking bearings to it from three remote points.

Forest fire lookout towers use triangulation to locate spot fires.

– Understand the text better

– hearing the pronunciation of words helps with the meaning

– practise converting letter strings into words

– convert a text into images or actions

– learn and use sentence templates

Procedure 3: Reading aloudWhy reading aloud is important:

What should you be thinking and doing while

you read?• Recognise letter patterns (retrieve

sounds) e.g late, mate, date, crate• Practise pronouncing unfamiliar

words e.g triangulate • Self-correct pronunciation e.g

psychology• Run your finger along the text to

guide your reading• Use your finger to segment (break

up) the text• Pause at any point and think about

what happened and try and predict what will happen next.

When I read the text aloud

• Can I sound out the words I have difficulty reading?

• Can I identify the topic sentence from each paragraph?

• Can I find the key ideas and words in a paragraph?

• Can I use self-talk to work out the meaning of new words and the text?

What is self talk?Self talk is stopping and thinking of ways to

find an answer before asking a teacher.Ask yourself:• What could it/does the word/text mean?• Are there smaller words within the word?• Can I think of synonyms?• Do the synonyms fit/make sense?• Can I look at the words around it?• Do I need to re-read or read on?• What other words look like or sound like this

word?• What pictures does this word bring up in my head?

• Develops and reinforces understanding of the text

• Helps with your expression and grammar

• Builds and reinforces vocabulary

• A necessary building block for summarising

Procedure 4. Paraphrasing Why is Important?

How do you paraphrase?

1. Visualise (build an image) of the sentence

2. Change words (synonyms)

3. Re-arrange the word order in the sentences

4. Match paraphrased sentences

5. Consider the context (Don’t change the meaning)

How do I paraphrase on my own?

– Can I tell you what I’ve read in my own words without changing the meaning?

– Can I rewrite the key ideas in my own words?

Paraphrase activity: Try matching the paraphrased

sentences

Original sentence: Paraphrased sentence:

1 Like many animals, the giant panda needs a special environment to survive.

A You find the arrow bamboo in country that is below 3500 metres high or that has farms.

2 Its natural habitat is bamboo forest found in China.

B It lives best naturally in bamboo forests in China.

3 Whilst there are many varieties of bamboo, the panda will eat only 4 types.

C The giant panda has to have certain natural conditions to live.

4 Their basic diet is arrow bamboo.

D The one they like to eat the most is arrow bamboo.

5

The arrow bamboo will not grow in areas that are above 3500 metres or in the river valleys or plains that have been farmed.

E

It eats only 4 of the several types of bamboo.

Procedure 5.Say Questions the text

answers.

– What would I like to know about the text?

– What questions do I think the text will answer?

– Can I ask about “who, what, where, when, why” questions?

What is the purpose of asking questions?

• Helps you analyse the sentence

• Encourages you to be more active readers

• Builds skills in answering questions

• Makes you a better reader

• Helps you answer questions better

• Helps you break up a text

Activity. Can you think of questions for this text?

Effectively, it seems, the pyramid served both as a gigantic training project and - deliberately or not - as a source of 'Egyptianisation'. The workers who left their communities of maybe 50 or 100 people, to live in a town of 15,000 or more strangers, returned to the provinces with new skills, a wider outlook and a renewed sense of national unity that balanced the loss of loyalty to local traditions. The use of shifts of workers spread the burden and brought about a thorough redistribution of pharaoh's wealth in the form of rations.

Why did the building of pyramids develop the skills of the wider community?

How did the building of pyramids affect the development of Egyptian nationalism?

How did the building of pyramids redistribute wealth through the wider community?

Procedure 6.Summarising

How do I summarise?

– Can I look at how the information is organised?

– Can I summarise the key ideas, facts and themes?

What do you do to make an effective summary?

• select main ideas

• categorise ideas

• delete unnecessary details

• state the general idea

Why is Summarising Important?

• shows understanding

• higher order thinking

• engagement with the text

• links knowledge

When should I summarise?

• At the end of each paragraph

• At the end of the text

• At the end of a topic

How do I write a good summary?

You need to:• Skim and to scan a paragraph at a time• Read the whole paragraph carefully• Highlight the topic sentence of a

paragraph• Write the topic sentence or heading

for a paragraph• Underline the key words/ list the key

words• Link key words into meaningful

sentences• Say in one sentence what the

paragraph is about or what students know after having read it

• Say the main question a paragraph answers

• Reduce the content of the original

Procedure 7.Review and Consolidate

– Do I know what the purpose of the text was? Why did the author write this?

– What did I learn from this text? – Can I compare the outcomes with

my earlier predictions?– Can I remember all the key words,

themes and ideas quickly?

Review as a way of consolidating knowledge

Short Term Memory

Thinking Space

Long Term Memory

(Existing Knowledge)

New Information

The Nile was able to “sustain” life in Egypt.

New Knowledge

The Nile was able to “sustain” life in Egypt.

So what do you know now about the 7 literacy procedures that

you didn’t know before?

And finally…• Use each strategy as you need it• Train yourself to think about and

automatically use the strategies• Use the page in your diary to

remind you of them• Use them consistently at school

and at home and you will get…..

Sources

Professor John Munro

This powerpoint adapted by Effie Sgardelis from the PPT developed by the NMR team below

• Alistair Forge • Yota Korkoneas • Lillian Leptos• Les Mitchell • David Mockridge

Karen MoneyPetrina Scanlan Effie SgardelisJan Smith