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4793

Composite Manufacturing

and Properties

Lecture 2

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Project Format Teams should be multidisciplinary and have 4 members

It should be an ongoing project throughout the semester The project should cover all the issues we will discuss in class i.e.,

Performance requirements of the end product

Material Selection

Design

Manufacturing and Processing

Characterization (accessing the properties)

Cost analysis

The projects (6-7 page document, double-space, 12-font sizeexcluding figures, tables and references) are due on 4/17

Every student will present during the final presentation and should

be able to answer questions related to the teams project not just theportion she/he worked on

ME 4793: Composite Manufacturing and Properties

Prof. Kyriaki Kalaitzidou

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Course Objectives

Materials

Manufacturing

Processing

Characterization

Performance

Applications



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Overview

Material Selection Process Reinforcements



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Material Selection Process



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Material Selection Process cont

Two basic material properties are used in the preliminaryselection process



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Material Selection Process cont



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Features Sought

Reinforcements



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Questions/Issues

Why fibers

Why small diameters

Why anisotropic Why low compression strength

Why low thermal expansion

Why expensive

Why not high strength and high modulus)

General fiber characteristics



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Aspect ratio

Internal molecular structure

Cross section,

Surface roughness

Important fiber parameter

Length (3in)

Loading (max 60-70%)

General fiber characteristics cont



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Tensile stressstrain diagram of an untwisted E-

glass fiber bundle containing 3000 filaments.



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Glass fibers: Composition &Properties



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Glass fibers: Properties cont



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Glass Fibers: Manufacturing



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Carbon fibers:

Arrangement of carbon atoms

in a graphite crystal.



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Carbon fibers:

Arrangement of graphite crystals in a

direction transverse to the fiber axis

circumferential radial random

radialcircumferential

random

circumferential



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Carbon fibers: Manufacturing



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Carbon fibers: Manufacturing of PAN CF

Stabilization step

Carbonization step

Graphitization step



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Carbon fibers: Manufacturing



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Carbon fibers: Properties



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Carbon fibers: Properties



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Carbon Fibers: Thermal Properties



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Aramid fibers: Properties



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Boron FibersAdvantages Disadvantages

Manufacturing



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Natural Fibers

Advantages

Disadvantages



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Ceramic Fibers



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Ceramic Fibers



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Specialty Fibers

Extended Chain Polyethylene Fibers

Spectra, manufactured by gel-spinning of HMWPE

High degree of orientation and crystallinity

Highest strength-to-weight ratio of all commercially available fibers

Loa moisture absorption

High abrasion resistance

High impact resistance

Low melting point



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Overview Project Format

Material Selection Process Reinforcements

General fiber characteristics

Glass fibers

Carbon/Graphite fibers Aramid and other organic fibers

Boron, silicon carbide and other specialty fibers

Natural fibers

Assigned Reading:Mallick-Chapter 1: pp 23-25

Chapter 2: pp 31-58

Strong-Chapter 8: pp 197-242

ME 4793 C it M f t i d P ti

L2_fibers

Documents

Transcript of L2_fibers