KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Mandibulata Subphylum Mandibulata.
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Transcript of KINGDOM ANIMALIA Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Mandibulata Subphylum Mandibulata.
KINGDOM ANIMALIAPhylum Arthropoda
SubphylumMandibulataSubphylumMandibulata
Members of the Phylum ArthropodaThe segmented bodies are arranged
into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen).
The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed.
They posses a chitinous exoskeleton that must be shed during growth.
They have bilateral symmetry.The nervous system is ventral (belly)
and the circulatory system is closed/open and dorsal (back).
Three Major Subphylum
The arthropods are divided into three subphyla that exist today:
Chelicerata , Mandibulata, Crustacea
Mandibulata Characteristics:Mouthparts are mandibles normally chewing
sidewaysOne or two pairs of antennaeVarious body region arrangements
depending on species– cephalothorax & abdomen– head & trunk– head, thorax & abdomen
Variable leg numbersIncludes insects, chilopoda, & diplopoda
Review of Zoological Nomenclature
Taxonomic Categories
Kingdom - AnimalaePhylum – Arthropoda Subphylum - Mandibulata
Class - InsectaOrder - Coleoptera
Family - ScarabaeidaeGenus - Popillia
Genus & speciesPopillia japonica Newman
Class InsectsClass Insects
Insects are the largest group of Arthropods
MAIN CHARACTERISTICSMAIN CHARACTERISTICS
Three body regions – head, thorax, and abdomenOne pair antenna (head)Six legs or 3 pairs (thorax)One-two pairs of wings
(thorax)
Count the Legs!Count the Legs!
There are ALWAYS SIXSIX legs, and they are attached to the THORAXTHORAX
AntennaAntennaOne Pair on headJointedSensory (smell)Called “feelers”Filiform most
common shape (segments = size)May be modified
FILIFORM
Antenna Modifications
Wings or No WingsWings or No WingsMost adults have
2 pairsCalled forewings
and hindwingsSome insects are
wingless (silverfish, fleas, some termites and ants)
More on WingsMore on WingsA network of Veins strengthens
wings
MEMBRANEOUS (clear) MEMBRANEOUS (clear) WINGSWINGS
Some Wings Are Covered With Powdery Scales
BUTTERFLIES & MOTHSBUTTERFLIES & MOTHS
Wings May Be ModifiedWings May Be ModifiedOrder Diptera
(flies)2nd pair of
wings modified into HALTERESUsed for
balanceMakes flies
hard to catch!
Beetle WingsBeetle Wings
• Hard Forewing called Elytra• Meet in straight line down the abdomen• Membranous hindwings folded underneath (flight)
ELYTRA
Order ColeopteraOrder Coleoptera• Called beetlesbeetles
• Tough exoskeletonexoskeleton
• Forewings called ElytraElytra
•Fly with membranous hindwings
•Larva called grubs Rhinoceros Rhinoceros
beetlebeetle
Cucumber Cucumber beetlebeetle
Ladybird beetleLadybird beetle
Order Diptera
Contains mosquitoesmosquitoes & fliesflies
One pair One pair functional wingsClub-shaped
haltereshalteres for balanceBodies often
hairyhairy
Green Bottle Green Bottle flyfly
Hover FlyHover Fly
Fruit Fly
Aedes MosquitoAedes Mosquito
Order OrthopteraGrasshoppers, Grasshoppers,
locusts, crickets, locusts, crickets, katydidskatydidsVery longlong bodiesRear legs modified
for jumpingjumpingFemales with egg
laying tube (ovipositor on end of abdomen)Often communicate
with chirping sounds
Order LepidopteraMoths, butterflies, & Moths, butterflies, &
skippersskippers
SiphoningSiphoning mouthparts coiled under head
Powdery scales Powdery scales on wingsButterflies fold wings
flatflat above body at rest
MothsMoths are night activenight activeImportant plant
pollinators
Order HymenopteraBees, ants, Bees, ants,
waspswasps
Narrow waiNarrow waist connects thorax & abdomen
Abdomen curved Abdomen curved downwardMay have
stingerstinger on end of abdomen
Carpenter bee
Red ant
Yellow jacket
Insect Anatomy
Chelicerata Characteristics:
Pincher-like mouthparts (chelicerae) and pedipalps
NO antennaeTwo body regions, usually -
cephalothorax & abdomenFour pairs of legsHorseshoe crabs and arachnids are the
only living groups.Arachnids include scorpions,
pseudoscorpions, daddy long-legs, mites & ticks, spiders
Scorpion Anatomy
chelicerae eyes pedipalp
Pseudoscorpion
pedipalp
chelicera (fang)
cephalothorax
abdomen
narrow waist
Spider Anatomy
Abdomen
Pedipalp
Chelicera (fang)
Cephalothorax
Jumping Spider
Wolf spider with egg case Spitting spider
TarantulaOrb-weaving spider
Black widow with egg case
Brown recluse
Crustacean Anatomy
Classes of Crustacea• mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial• all have two pair of antennae• five or more pairs of legs• segmented abdominal appendages• head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement• have gills
Sowbugs or pillbugs
Sand fleas
Barnacles
Crabs, lobster, shrimp
Crayfish cephalothorax(Decapoda)
Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean
Classes of Myriapods(many legged arthropods)
(all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea)
Diplopoda - millipedes
Chilopoda - centipedes
Myriapods
Millipede (Diplopoda)
Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body.
Centipede (Chilopoda)
Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body.
No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body.
one pair of antennaehead & trunk regions
trunk with many pairs of legs
Millipede (Diplopoda)
Centipede (Chilopoda)
Garden centipede
Orders of Arachnids
Scorpions
Pseudoscorpions
Daddy Long-Legs
Mites & Ticks
Spiders
Scorpion Tick(a mite)
Pseudoscorpion
Daddy-long-legs
WolfSpider
pedipalps &chelicerae
cephalothorax
abdomen
Mite and Tick Body Regions
American dog tick male
Blacklegged (deer) tick female
American dog tick female laying egg mass (1000-2000 eggs!).
Clover mites
Twospotted spider mites
Predatory mite
daddy long-legs
cephalothorax abdomen