ZOO 115 Invertebrate Zoology

Phylum Arthropoda

Subphylum Hexapoda

Subphylum HexapodaGeneral Characteristics

Includes insects and springtails.

Three tagma head Thorax Abdomen

3 thoracic segments each with 1 pair of legs

1 pair of antennae 3 sets of jaws gas exchange via tracheae

and spiracles Malpighian tubules

http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/Zoology/Insects/InsectAnatomy/Introduction/Introduction.htm

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.eduhttp://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

http://www.earthlife.net/insects/anatomy.html

Subphylum HexapodaTaxonomy

Class Insecta Class Entognatha (includes springtails)

mouthparts hidden - sunk into a depression on the surface of the head.

http://www.extension.umn.edu/yardandgarden/YGLNews/images/springtails-ygl.JPG http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/concepts/

soil_biology/images/ATLAS227_LR.jpg

Class Insecta

Have successfully invaded virtually every terrestrial habitat and some marine

They are predators, herbivores, scavengers, decomposers and parasites.

~ 1 million sp. 200 million insects/human

http://www.bestoday.com.au/billylids/images/insects.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pollination_Bee_Dandelion.JPG/800px-Pollination_Bee_Dandelion.JPG

Class Insecta - Importance

Agriculture pollination pests pest control

Disease vectors

Ecology – food webs prey predators decomposers

80% of crops

http://pubs.caes.uga.edu/caespubs/pubcd/C835-4.jpg

http://www.e-nema.de/en/images/biological02/cyclus.gifhttp://tiee.ecoed.net/vol/v3/experiments/soil/img/soil_food_web%5BHR%5D.jpg

http://www.emmitsburg.net/gardens/articles/frederick/2006/photos/termites_large.jpg

Class Insecta – General Morphology

Head

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Biting or chewingPiercing/sucking

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.eduhttp://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Sponging

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Siphon Mouthparts

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Class Insecta – General Morphology

Thorax

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.eduhttp://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Running

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Digging

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

SwimmingRaptorial

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Jumping (saltatorial)

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Pollen Collection

http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/ibc99/koning/leg.gifhttp://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Membranous

Hemelytra

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

limbs wings

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Elytra

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Halteres

http://www.eurekah.com/images/chapters/Vigoreaux06Josephson.jpg

From Brusca and Brusca

Primitive

Direct Muscle Attachment

Class Insecta - Locomotion

http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/movement.htm

http://z.about.com/d/healing/1/0/0/O/gtotem_dragonfly.jpg

Fromn Ruppert, Fox and Barnes. 2004

Indirect Muscle Attachment

Advanced

http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/stories/m78599.jpghttp://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/movement.htm

Class Insecta – General Morphology

Abdomen

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Class Insecta – Internal anatomy

Digestive system

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

Apolipophorin IIICourtesy of Fabrice David, SIB Geneva

Class Insecta – Internal Anatomy

Circulatory system

http://basicentomology.ifas.ufl.edu

http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/

http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/

http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/

http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/

http://www.entomology.umn.edu/cues/4015/morpology/