Instructional Design

Eyad Hakami

Instructional Design

Instructional design is a systematic process by which educational materials are created, developed, and delivered

Instructional Design TheoryLearning TheoryInstructional Design Model

Instructional Design Theory is derived from learning research and theory, while Instructional Design Models are informed by Instructional Design Theory and Learning Theory.

Learning Theory describes how information is gained, processed, and stored during the learning process. Instructional Design theory identifies instructional conditions that optimize learning outcomes. It is very different from descriptive theories that describes the sequence in which certain events occur.

Instructional Design Models are systematic guidelines used to create a course, a curriculum, an instructional program, or other learning materials.

Instructional Design

There are many different instructional design models from which to choose. Many of these models have common features such1.Needs assessment and objective identification2.Audience and setting analysis 3.Content and delivery development 4.Evaluation

Instructional Design

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Instructional Design

ADDIE Instructional Design Model

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Analysis

A systematic exploration of the way things are and the way things should be.

In the analysis phase, an instructional task is identified, instructional goals are stated, a learning environment is

determined and learner's existing knowledge and skills are measured.

There are some questions should be addressed during the analysis phase:

* Who is the audience? What are their characteristics and needs?

* What are you teaching? What are the goals you are looking for?

* What are the delivery options?* What is the timeline for the learning process completion?

DesignA systematic and specific phase by which the instructional designers plan a strategy

for accomplishing the learning objectives.This phase is driven by the products of the analysis phase and ends in a model of the learning process for future development. The model should contain at least five key

outputs:- Learning objectives

- Performance test- Performance steps (learning steps)

- Entry behaviors-Sequence and structure the learning process

Here are some steps can be used for the design phase:* Document the instructional, visual, and technical design strategy

* Apply instructional strategies according to the intended behavioral outcomes by domain (cognitive, affective, psychomotor).

* Create storyboards* Design the user interface and user experience

* Prototype creation* Apply visual design (graphic design)

Development

Using the information gathered in the Analysis and Design phases, the performance solution is created, tested and improved in this phase.

Here are some questions which can be discussed in this phase:•Does the lesson plan work?•Are the learner’s materials appropriate and thorough enough?•Do the instructional methods work as planned?•What needs to be changed?

Implementation

- In this phase, the performance solution is delivered.

- This stage allows instructional designers to test all materials to identify if they are appropriate for the

intended audience.

- This phase is the point where Data Collection is done for the upcoming evaluation.

Evaluation

- Evaluation is the systematic determination of merit, worth, and significance of a learning process by using criteria against a set of standards.

- In this phase, the instructional designers measure how well the performance solution achieved the objectives, conduct assessments, review effectiveness and define improvements.

Why Use Instructional Design

As educators, Instructional Design helps us in many ways, such as:

-Improving delivery of instruction.- Creation of effective, meaningful lessons.- Greatly designed lessons can easily combat concerns and engage students.- Effective instructional design can help create greater student achievement.- Effective instructional design can help establish lifelong learners.