hotel managment system

8/20/2019 hotel managment system

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ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE

Comspark Info India Pvt Ltd

Background

Comspark combines business experience with technology expertise in order to assist

clients with the creation of IT strategy and with the implementation of IT solutions. Our

consultants have the backgrounds required to understand and anticipate business needs and

translate them into actionable IT strategies and initiatives Our consultants intimately

understand the challenges and opportunities associated with creating IT value. Our approach

places strong emphasis on collaboration. We work side by side with our clients throughout

the process to ensure the involvement of key business and IT leaders.

Comspark. offers its clients the intellectual property the proprietary frameworks as

part of our goal of becoming your trusted partner and adviser. !y focusing on an ongoing

effort to share information and shape IT strategy and IT implementations Comspark has

decided to invest in its clients thereby investing in the creation and commitment of long"term

relationships. Our Offshore #oftware $evelopment model is a highly cost effective

alternative to in"house development. It offers fast affordable solution in meeting the demand

and supply needs maintaining existing systems and growing in"house team with top talent.

We have taken offshore outsourcing to a new level of reliability scalability and

professionalism in software development.

!ission and "ision

Our %ission is to measurably improve our client&s planning operations finances

marketing and services outcomes by demonstrating outstanding performance standards while

providing cost effective consulting and professional services. To become IT partner to fortune

companies for providing information management services.

'In order to reali(e our )ision our %ission must be to exceed the expectations of our

customers whom we define as partners and fellow employees.*

We will accomplish this by committing to our shared values and by achieving the

highest levels of customer satisfaction with extraordinary emphasis on the creation of value.

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The focus is mainly on Technology #ervices and I# #ervices

Technology #ervices/

These include

Custom +pplication $evelopment 0 ,nterprise +pplication Integration using

• 1inux 23I4 and windows O5#

• C C66 7ava 78,, 78%,9:9

• .3,T and %icrosoft technologies

• Web 9ortals and e"commerce applications

• Oracle #ql#erver %y#;1 9ostgress #;1


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• Consulting 0 Training #ervices

• ;+ 0 Testing #ervices

Web #olutions 0 C%#

• Comspark works on technologies like %obile #olutions Web $esign logo design

brand management switch engine optimi(ation email campining $evelopment and

%anagement #olutions.

$ata ,xtraction and Conversion

• $ata Conversion Tools

• +rchiving

9ractices/

;uality +ssured $elivery/

• +pplication Testing >%anual or +uto?

• 9roduct Testing )alidation

• $ata Testing 0 )alidation

Cost %odel

• Cost savings to our customers between @A B AD.

• Our services support 8E F G round the clock

• We support our customers from short term -A man day&s proHect to long

Term -A years proHect support.

• #etup to leverage the '9roven Offshore +dvantage* in delivering low cost IT software

services with a guarantee of ;uality with speed.

• Opportunity Clustered $elivery 3etwork >)alue for %oney 0 ;uality with #peed?.

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$elivery model/

• #eamless geographic integration

• =eliable on time deliveries

•

Time (one advantages• +dherence to agreed service levels

• #ecurity and confidentiality

• Continuous improvement of your time to market

=isk %anagement 9hilosophy

• +ctivities J Careful work breakdown

• 9roHects J =igorous proHect planning and execution

• Operations J 9lanned redundancy

• ,ntire company J $isaster recovery plan

oals

• Comspark&s )ision is customer&s centric and march towards the ,=9 #olutions C=%

#olutions Web #olutions and associate with it for long term mutual successful

business partnership.

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#OFT$ARE %E"ELOP!ENT !ET&O%OLOG'The methodology used to develop this proHect is obHect"oriented methodology is

based on function and procedures. It can be said as the development of software by building

self"contained modules as obHects that can be easily replaced modified and reused. In this

environment software is a collection of discrete obHects that encapsulate their data as well as

the functionality to model real world 'obHects*. ,ach obHect has attribute and methods.

ObHects are grouped into classes. :ere each obHect is responsible for itself.

This environment emphasi(es its cooperative philosophy by allocating tasks among

the obHects of the applications. Instead of writing a lot of code we can create a lot of code we

can create a lot of helps to take in an active role.

ObHect oriented methodology involves mainly

-. +nalysis

8. $esign

@. 9rototyping and testing.

Ana()sis

There are K important steps in the analysis. They are

-. Identification of the users5actors.

8. $evelopment a simple business process model.

@. $eveloping the use cases.

E. $eveloping the interaction diagrams.

K. Classifications.

#oft*ar+ !+t,odo(og)

7acobson %ethodologies is used to develop the proposed system.

Introduction

In -LM !OOC: developed the ObHect Oriented $esign concept is called as !OOC:%,T:O$. It covers both analysis and $esign phases of the ObHect Oriented #ystem The

!OOC: %,T:O$ consists of following diagrams/

• Class diagrams

• ObHect diagrams

• #tate transition diagram

• %odule diagram

• 9rocess diagram

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• Interaction diagram

!OOC: used the large set of symbols. ,ven though !OOC: defines a lot of symbols to

document almost every design decision if we work with his method you will notice that you

never use all these symbols and diagramsN this is this main draw back of the !OOC:%,T:O$.

In -LL- 7im =aumbaugh develop the O%T >ObHect %odeling Technique? with the

help of his team It covers analysis $esign and implementation of the system.

O%T separates %odeling into three different parts/

• ObHect %odel

9resented by the ObHect %odel and the data dictionary.

•

$ynamic model 9resented by the #tate diagrams and ,vent flow diagrams.

• ObHect Oriented #oftware,ngineering?. It will cover the entire life cycle and stress tractability between different

phases Aboth forward and back ward +dditionally he invented the 2se case diagrams these

diagrams are necessary to understanding system requirement. It captures the goal of the

system. It is used to identify the 2se cases and ,xternal users >external users are the users

who interact with our system to complete the task?

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T,+ -aco.son ET A(/ !+t,odo(ogi+s

7+CO!#O3 %,T:$O1OI,# >ObHect Oriented #oftware ,ngineering? OO#,

cover the ,ntire life cycle and stress trace ability between the different phases both forward

and backward. +nd 2se case diagrams these diagrams are necessary to understanding system

requirement. It captures the goal of the system. It is used to identify the 2#, C+#,# and

,xternal users >external users are the users who interact with our system to complete the task?

The 2se case $escription must contain

• :OW and W:,3 the use case begins and ends.

• The interaction between the use case and its actors including W:,3 the

interaction occurs and W:+T is exchanged.

• :OW and W:,3 the use case will need data stored in the system or will

store data in the system.

• ,4C,9TIO3 TO T:, flow of events.

• :OW and W:,3 concepts of the problem domain are handled.

!y using the use case model we will find the ,xternal users ,xternal users are the

users who will interact with our system to complete the task. ,very single use case should

describe one main flow of events. +n exceptional additional flow of events could be added.

OB-ECT ORIENTE% #OFTE$ARE ENGINEERING

ObHect oriented software engineering also called as the obHectory. It is build around several

models/

2#, C+#, %O$,1/ The use"case model defines the outside >actor?

and inside >use case? of the systems behavior.

$O%+I3 O!7,CT %O$,1/ The obHects of the 'real* world are

mapped in to the main obHect model.

+3+1## O!7,CT %O$,1/ The analysis obHect model presents

how the source code >implementation? is carried out and written.

I%91I%,3T+TO3 %O$,1/ The implementation model represents

the implementation of the system.

T,#T %O$,1/ The test model constitutes the test plan specification

and reports.

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-ACOB#ON !ET&%OLOG' consists of fo((o*ing diagrams

• 2se case $iagrams

• 2%1 activity diagram

• 2%1 use Case $iagram

• #equence diagrams

• Class diagrams

• !usiness class diagrams

0#E CA#E %IAGRA!#/

+ use case describes a sequence of actions that provide something of measurable

value to an actor and is drawn as a hori(ontal ellipse an actor is a person organi(ation or

external system that plays a role in one or more interactions with your system.

0!L ACTI"IT' %IAGRA!/

+ctivity diagrams are used to document workflows in a system from the business

level down to the operational level. When looking at an +ctivity diagram youPll notice

elements from state diagram the +ctivity diagram is a variation of the state diagram where

the states represent operations and the transitions represent the activities that happen when

the operation is complete. The general purpose of +ctivity diagrams is to focus on flows

driven by internal processing vs. external events.

#E10ENCE %IAGRA!#

2%1 sequence diagrams model the flow of logic within your system in a visual

manner enabling you both to document and validate your logic and are commonly used for

both analysis and design purposes. #equence diagrams are the most popular 2%1 artifacts

for dynamic modeling which focuses on identifying the behavior within your system.

C1+## $I+=+%#/

+ class diagram describes the static structure of the symbols in your new system. It is

a graphic presentation of the static view that shows a collection of declarative >static? model

elements such as classes types and their contents and relationships. Classes are arranged in

hierarchies sharing common structure and behavior and are associated with other classes

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2/ INTRO%0CTION

:OT,1 %+3+,%,3T ##T,% is a hotel reservation site script where site users will be

able to search rooms availability with an online booking reservations system. #ite users can

also browse hotels view room inventory check availability and book reservations in real"

time.

#ite users enter check in date and check out date then search for availability and rates. +fter

choosing the right room in the wanted hotel B all booking and reservation process is done on

the site and an #%# is sent to confirm the booking.

+dministrator 9anel

+ccount %anager

" +dministrator B +dministrator can add 5 edit and manage administrator accounts.

:otels %anager

" :otels B +dministrator can manage hotels that will appear on the site with the hotel

name description facilities phone and fax

" =oom Types B +dministrator can define the type of rooms in the hotels rooms prices

and upload an image for each room.

" :otel =ooms B


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2/2 Purpos+

This proposes that efficiency of hotel organi(ations could be improved by integrating

service"oriented operations service"oriented operations with proHect management principles.

#uch integration would instill innovation proactive attitudes and regulated risk"taking

needed to pursue ongoing improvement and proactive response to change. !y managing each

change as a proHect embedded in smoothly running operations hotels would extend their life

span by continuously reinventing themselves.

2/2/2 Advantag+s

• The advantages of booking a hotel online add up long before your arrival. Our legendary

customer service extends to the web

• One advantage of booking with the hotel directly is the use of the hotelPs full cancellation

policy as well as not needing a deposit in most situations.

• =ead reviews and compare prices for Online :otel !ooking.

• The most important advantage of online hotel booking is convenience you can book your

room by simply sitting in home. Internet helps you to browse through the hotels around

the world and compare the facilities and rates easily.

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2/3 #cop+

2/3/2 E4isting #)st+m *it, Limitations

In this step we provide a detailed description about the existing system and the problems

faced in the existing system. This stage there is no existing system previouslyN we are

developing a new system. Till now no system is available with this type of features and

facilities. This system is developed for the all types of users with highly flexible and

configurable product is envisaged to ensure global marketing

2/3/3 Propos+d #)st+m F+atur+s

• #ome of the service providers wonPt allow you to choose your hotel they only allow

you to select location and quality of the hotel. Considerable discounts on hotels may

be available in off"seasons.

• 2tili(e the serve of online hotel booking service providers when you are planning for

a trip.

• ,ach and every customer looks to book their hotel rooms early and conveniently.

• 2ser can 9ost update and delete the links in the all categories.

• Online hotel booking is the best ways to book rooms in your favourite hotels.

•9lanning a vacation has never been easier and more reasonable than now. ,asinessaffordable pricing and simple comparison shopping make online hotel bookings

accepted to all.

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3/ #PECIFICATION RE10IRE!ENT

=equirement analysis for web applications encompasses three maHor tasks/ formulation

requirements gathering and analysis modeling. $uring formulation the basic motivation and

goals for the web application are identified and the categories of users are defined. In the

requirements gathering phase the content and functional requirements are listed and

interaction scenarios written from end"user&s point"of"view are developed. This intent is to

establish a basic understanding of why the web application is built who will use it and what

problems it will solve for its users.

3/2 #oft*ar+ r+5uir+m+nt #p+cification

+ set of programs associated with the operation of a computer is called software.

#oftware is the part of the computer system which enables the user to interact with several

physical hardware devices.

The minimum software requirement specifications for developing this proHect are as follows/

Op+rating #)st+m $indo*s 6P7"ista738889 Linu4/

Pr+s+ntation (a)+r P&P9 C##9 &T!L9 -#P9 FLA#&

%ata.as+ !) #1LPr+s+ntation Po*+r Point 388:

%ocum+ntation Too( !s Offic+


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3/: Functiona( R+5uir+m+nts!odu(+ %+scription

The :OT,1 %+3+,%,3T ##T,% consists of 8 modules and K categories.

The categories are as follows/

i. +dvanced #earch

ii. Car :ire

iii. !ooking

iv. 9ayment

v. #%# Integration

The modules are

• +dministrator

• 2ser

Admin !odu(+

The


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E. 1ogout

0s+r !odu(+

The


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:/ TEC&NOLOGIE# 0#E%:/2/ P&P &)p+rt+4t Pr+proc+ssor

9:9 is a widely used general"purpose scripting language that was originally designedfor web development to produce dynamic web pages. free?.

9:9 code is inserted directly into the :T%1 that makes up a website. When a visitor comesto the website the code is executed. !ecause 9:9 is a server side technology the user doesnot need any special browser or plug"ins to see the 9:9 in action.

The beauty of 9:9 lies in its simplicity. It is easy to understand and learn especially forthose with backgrounds in programming such as C Havascript and :T%1. The language issimilar to C and 9erl so that anyone with a background in either C or 9erl programming will

feel comfortable using and understanding 9:9. 9:9 also runs on Hust about every platformincluding most 23I4 %acs and Windows versions.

+nother key advantage of 9:9 is its connective abilities. 9:9 uses a modular system ofextensions to interface with a variety of libraries such as graphics 4%1 encryption etc. Inaddition programmers can extend 9:9 by writing their own extensions and compiling theminto the executable or they can create their own executable and load it using 9:9Ps dynamicloading mechanism.+ huge advantage that 9:9 offers is its community. #ince 9:9 is an + huge advantage that9:9 offers is its community. #ince 9:9 is an open source proHect the 9:9 community iswilling to share. If youPre looking for a particular script chances are another user has already

created something similar. Check within the 9:9 community for availability. 1ikewise ifyou have created a function that others might enHoy be sure to post the code for others.

+ 9:9 scripting block always starts with QRphp and ends with RS. + 9:9 scripting block can be placed anywhere in the document.On servers with shorthand support enabled you can start a scripting block with QR and endwith RS.QRphp? ratherthan the shorthand form.QRphpRS

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+ 9:9 file normally contains :T%1 tags Hust like an :T%1 file and some 9:9 scriptingcode.!elow we have an example of a simple 9:9 script which sends the text :ello World to the

browser/QhtmlS

QbodyS

QRphpecho :ello WorldNRS

Q5bodySQ5htmlS,ach code line in 9:9 must end with a semicolon. The semicolon is a separator and is usedto distinguish one set of instructions from another.There are two basic statements to output text with 9:9/ echo and print. In the example above

we have used the echo statement to output the text :ello World. 3ote/ The file must have a .php extension. If the file has a .html extension the 9:9 code willnot be executed.

Comments in 9:9In 9:9 we use 55 to make a single"line comment or 5F and F5 to make a large comment block.QhtmlSQbodyS

QRphp55This is a comment

5FThis isa comment

block F5RS

Q5bodySQ5htmlS

)ariables in 9:9)ariables are used for storing a values like text strings numbers or arrays.When a variable is declared it can be used over and over again in your script.+ll variables in 9:9 start with a sign symbol.The correct way of declaring a variable in 9:9/varUname V valueN

9:9 is a 1oosely Typed 1anguage

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In 9:9 a variable does not need to be declared before adding a value to it.In the example above you see that you do not have to tell 9:9 which data type the variableis.9:9 automatically converts the variable to the correct data type depending on its value.In a strongly typed programming language you have to declare >define? the type and name of

the variable before using it.In 9:9 the variable is declared automatically when you use it.

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:/3 #+ssions+ 9:9 session variable is used to store information about or change settings for a usersession. #ession variables hold information about one single user and are available to all

pages in one application.

9:9 #ession )ariablesWhen you are working with an application you open it do some changes and then you closeit. This is much like a #ession. The computer knows who you are. It knows when you startthe application and when you end. !ut on the internet there is one problem/ the web serverdoes not know who you are and what you do because the :TT9 address doesnPt maintainstate.+ 9:9 session solves this problem by allowing you to store user information on the serverfor later use >i.e. username shopping items etc?. :owever session information is temporaryand will be deleted after the user has left the website. If you need a permanent storage youmay want to store the data in a database.#essions work by creating a unique id >2I$? for each visitor and store variables based on this2I$. The 2I$ is either stored in a cookie or is propagated in the 2=1.

#tarting a 9:9 #ession!efore you can store user information in your 9:9 session you must first start up thesession.

3ote/ The sessionUstart>? function must appear !,?N RS

QhtmlSQbodyS

Q5bodySQ5htmlSThe code above will register the userPs session with the server allow you to start saving userinformation and assign a 2I$ for that userPs session.

#toring a #ession )ariableThe correct way to store and retrieve session variables is to use the 9:9 U#,##IO3variable/

QRphpsessionUstart>?N55 store session dataU#,##IO3PviewsPXV-NRS

QhtmlSQbodyS

QRphp55retrieve session data

echo 9ageviewsV. U#,##IO3PviewsPXNRS

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Q5bodySQ5htmlSOutput/9ageviewsV-

In the example below we create a simple page"views counter. The isset>? function checks ifthe views variable has already been set. If views has been set we can increment ourcounter. If views doesnPt exist we create a views variable and set it to -/QRphpsessionUstart>?N

if>isset>U#,##IO3PviewsPX??U#,##IO3PviewsPXVU#,##IO3PviewsPX6-NelseU#,##IO3PviewsPXV-Necho )iewsV. U#,##IO3PviewsPXN

RS

$estroying a #essionIf you wish to delete some session data you can use the unset>? or the sessionUdestroy>?function.The unset>? function is used to free the specified session variable/QRphpunset>U#,##IO3PviewsPX?NRSou can also completely destroy the session by calling the sessionUdestroy>? function/QRphp sessionUdestroy>?N RS

3ote/ sessionUdestroy>? will reset your session and you will lose all your stored session data.

9:9


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When a user fills out the form above and click on the submit button the form data is sent to a9:9 file called welcome.php/welcome.php looks like this/QhtmlSQbodyS

Welcome QRphp echo U9O#TfnameXN RSYQbr 5Sou are QRphp echo U9O#TageXN RS years old.

Q5bodySQ5htmlS

Output could be something like this/Welcome 7ohnYou are 8M years old.The 9:9 U,T and U9O#T functions will be explained in the next chapters.

by client scripts?. !rowservalidation is faster and reduces the server load.ou should consider server validation if the user input will be inserted into a database. +good way to validate a form on the server is to post the form to itself instead of Humping to adifferent page. The user will then get the error messages on the same page as the form. Thismakes it easier to discover the error.

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:/: &istor) of !)#1L

We started out with the intention of using the mSQL database system to connect to our tables

using our own fast low"level >I#+%? routines.This resulted in a new #;1 interface to our

database but with almost the same +9I interface as mSQL.

The following list describes some of the important characteristics of the %y#;1 $atabase

#oftware. #ee also #ection -. '%y#;1 $evelopment =oadmap* for more information

about current and upcoming features.

Int+rna(s and Porta.i(it)

• Written in C and C66.

• Tested with a broad range of different compilers.

• Works on many different platforms.

• 2ses 32 +utomake +utoconf and 1ibtool for portability.

• +9Is for C C66 ,iffel 7ava 9erl 9:9 9ython =uby and Tcl are available.

%ata T)p+s

• %any data types/ signed5unsigned integers - 8 @ E and M bytes long FLOAT

DOUBLE CHAR VARCHAR TEXT BLOB DATE TIME DATETIME

TIMESTAMP YEAR SET ENUM and OpenI# spatial types.

•


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#ca(a.i(it) and Limits

• :andles large databases. We use %y#;1 #erver with databases that contain KA

million records. We also know of users who use %y#;1 #erver with AAAA

tables and about KAAAAAAAAA rows.

Conn+ctivit) Clients can connect to the %y#;1 server using TC95I9 sockets on any

platform. On Windows systems in the 3T family >3T 8AAA 49 or 8AA@? clients can

connect using named pipes. On 2nix systems clients can connect using 2nix domain socket

files.

• In %y#;1 E.- and higher Windows servers also support shared"memory

connections if started with the --shared-memor option. Clients can connect

through shared memory by using the --!ro"o#o$%memor option.

Loca(icp-8K8?

)erma' *&)+ ,&s and more.


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:/:/2/ !)#1L #ta.i(it)

This section addresses the questions ' How stable is MySQL Server?* and 'Can I

depend on MySQL Server in this project?*.The information in this section is based on data

gathered from the mailing lists which are very active in identifying problems as well as

reporting types of use.

,ach release of the %y#;1 #erver has been usable. 9roblems have occurred only

when users try code from the 'gray (ones.* The descriptions mostly deal with )ersions @.8@

and later of %y#;1 #erver.

The %y#;1 #erver design is multi"layered with independent modules. #ome of the newer

modules are listed here with an indication of how well"tested each of them is/

• =eplication >#table?

1arge groups of servers using replication are in production use with good results work on

enhanced replication feature is continuing

• Inno $! tables >#table?

The inno $! transactional storage engine has been stable since version @[email protected]. Inno $!is being using in large heavy"load production systems.

• !$! Tables >#table?

The !erkerly $! code is very stable but we are still improving the !$! transactional

storage engine interface in %y #;1 #erver.

• #table?


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The Inno$! storage engine maintains Inno$! tables within a tablespace that can be

created from several files. This allows a table to exceed the maximum individual file si(e.

The tablespace can include raw disk partitions which allows extremely large tables. The

maximum tablespace si(e is ET!.

The following table lists some examples of operating system file"si(e limits. This is only a rough

guide and is not intended to be definitive.


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:/> Tomcat

+pache Tomcat is the servlet container that is used in the official =eference Implementation

for the 7ava #ervlet and 7ava #erver 9ages technologies. The 7ava #ervlet and 7ava #erver

9ages specifications are developed by #un under the 7ava Community 9rocess.

Tomcat K implements the #ervlet 8.E and 7ava #erver 9ages 8.A specifications and

includes many additional features that make it a useful platform for developing and

deploying web applications and web services.

$irectories and files/ %ir+ctori+s and Fi(+s

?CATALINA@&O!E represents the root of your Tomcat installation. When we say

This information can be found in your C+T+1I3+U:O%,5=,+$%,.txt file we mean to

look at the =,+$%,.txt file at the root of your Tomcat install.

These are some of the key tomcat directories all relative to ?CATALINA@&O!E/

• 7.in " #tartup shutdown and other scripts. The F.sh files >for 2nix systems?

are functional duplicates of the F.bat files >for Windows systems?. #ince the

Win@8 command"line lacks certain functionality there are some additional

files in here.

• 7conf " Configuration files and related $T$s. The most important file in here

is server.xml. It is the main configuration file for the container.

• 7(ogs " 1og files are here by default.

• 7*+.apps " This is where your webapps go.

IN#TALLING TO!CAT

Installing Tomcat on Windows can be done easily using the Windows installer. Insta((ation

as a s+rvic+/ Tomcat will be installed as a Windows 3T58k549 service no matter what setting

is selected. 2sing the checkbox on the component page sets the service as auto startup so

that Tomcat is automatically startup when Windows starts. see the Windows #ervices

administration tool and its documentation?.

• -ava (ocation/ The installer will use the registry or the 7+)+U:O%,

environment variable to determine the base path of the 7$[ or a 7=,. If only a

7=, >or an incorrect path? is specified Tomcat will run but will be unable to

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compile 7#9 pages at runtime. ,ither all webapps will need to be precompiled

>this can be easily done using the Tomcat deployed? or the lib\tools. 7ar file

from a 7$[ installation must be copied to the common\lib path of the Tomcat

installation.

:/>/2 Arc,it+ctur+ Ov+rvi+*

#+rv+r In the Tomcat world a #erver represents the whole container. + #+rv+r element

represents the entire Catalina servlet container. Therefore it must be the single outermost

element in the #o'23ser4er56m$ configuration file. Its attributes represent the

characteristics of the servlet container as a whole. Tomcat provides a default implementation

of the #erver interface and this is rarely customi(ed by users.

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Engin+

An Engine represents request processing pipeline for a specific Service. As a Service may

have multiple Connectors, the Engine received and processes all requests from these

connectors, handing the response back to the appropriate connector for transmission to the

client.

#+rvic+

A Service is an intermediate component which lives inside a Server and ties one or more

Connectors to exactly one Engine. The Service element is rarely customized by users, as

the default implementation is simple and sufficient: service interface.

Host

A Host is an association of a network name, e.g. www.yourcompany.com, to the Tomcat

server. An Engine may contain multiple hosts, and the Host element also supports network

aliases such as yourcompany.com and abc.yourcompany.com. Users rarely create custom

Hosts because the Standard Host implementation provides significant additionalfunctionality.


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>/ BE&A"IORAL %E#CRIPTION

>/2 %ata F(o*

T,+r+ ar+ t,r++ t)p+s of %F%s t,+) ar+2/ Cont+4t L+v+( %F%

3/ Top L+v+( %F% and

:/ %+tai(+d L+v+( %F%

Cont+4t L+v+( %F%

In the Context 1evel the whole system is shown as a single process.

• 3o data stores are shown.

• Inputs to the overall system are shown together with data sources >as ,xternal

entities?.

• Outputs from the overall system are shown together with their destinations >as

,xternal entities?.

>/2/2 %F%

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Top L+v+( %F%

The Top 1evel $


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Detailed Level DFD:

In $etailed $.


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>/2/3/ 0s+ Cas+ %ocum+ntation

0s+ Cas+ %iagram

• + use case diagram is a diagram that shows a set of use cases and actors and

relationships.

Cont+nts

• 2se case commonly contain

2se cases

+ctors

$ependency generali(ation and association relationships

Ov+r a(( us+ cas+

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0n R+gistration 0s+ Cas+

R+gistration 0s+ Cas+

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Administrator 0s+ Cas+

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E.8 9rocess /3/2 Activit) %iagrams

• +n activity diagram shows the flow from activity to activity. +n activity is an ongoing non"

atomic execution within a state machine.

• +ctivities ultimately result in some action which is made up of executable atomic

computations that result in a change in state of the system or the return of a value.

+ctivity diagrams commonly contain

+ctivity states and action states

Transitions

ObHects

• 1ike all other diagrams activity diagrams may contain notes and constrains.

Login Proc+ss

Providingcredentials Retry

Services

validation

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R+gistration Proc+ss

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Administrator Proc+ss

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/ #'#TE! %E#IGN

The main focus of the analysis phase of #oftware development is on 'What needs to be

done*. The obHects discovered during the analysis can serve as the framework or $esign. Theclass&s attributes methods and association identified during analysis must be designed for

implementation language. 3ew classes must be introduced to store intermediate results

during the program execution.

,mphasis shifts from the application domain o implementation and computer such as

user interfaces or view layer and access layer. $uring analysis we look at the physical

entities or business obHects in the system that is which players and how they cooperate to do

the work of the application. These obHects represent tangible elements of the business.$uring the $esign phase we elevate the model into logical entities some of which

might relate more to the computer domain as people or employees. :ere his goal is to design

the classes that we need to implement the system the difference is that at this level we focus

on the view and access classes such as how to maintain information or the best way o

interact with a user or present information.

%+sign proc+ss

$uring the design phase the classes identified in obHect"oriented analysis %ust be revisited

with a shift focus to their implementation. 3ew classes or attribute and %ethods must be an

added for implementation purposes and user interfaces. The obHect"oriented design process

consists of the following activities/

-. +pply design axioms to design classes their attributes methods associations structure

+nd protocols =efine and complete the static 2%1 class diagram by adding details to the

2%1 diagram. This step consists of following activities. F=efine attributes F$esign methods

and protocols by utili(ing a 2%1 activity diagram to represent the method&s algorithms.

F=efine associations between classes

F=efine class hierarchy and design with inheritance

FIterate and refine again

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8. $esign the access layer

• Create mirror classes/


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that follows from an axioms or another proposition that has been proven. +gain corollary is

shown to be valid or not valid in the same manner as a theorem. In the two important axioms

axiom - deals with relationships between system components and axiom 8 deals with the

complexity of design.

T,+ fo((o*ing t,+ t*o important a4ioms

+xiom -/ The independence axiom which maintain the independence of the components.

+xiom 8/ The information axioms that maintain the information content of the design.

+xioms- states that during the design process as we go from requirement and use case to a

system component each component must satisfy that requirement without affecting other

requirements.

+n axiom 8 is concerned with simplicity. #cientific theoreticians often rely on a general rule

known as Occam&s ra(or after William of Occam. :e says 'The best theory explains the

known facts with a minimum amount of complexity and maximum simplicity and

straightforwardness.*

The best designs usually involve the least complex code but not necessarily the fewest

number of classes or methods. %inimi(ing complexity should be the goal because that

produces the most easily maintained and enhanced application. In an obHect"oriented system

the best way to minimi(e complexity is to use inheritance and the systems built in classes and

to add as little as possible to what already is there.


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methods its association with other obHects. #o a strong mapping links classes should

be identified.

K. #tandardi(ation/ promote standardi(ation by designing interchangeable and reusing

existing classes or components.

. $esign with inheritance/ Common behavior must be moved to super classes. The

super class"sub class structure must make logical sense.

R+fining attri.ut+s and m+t,ods

+ttributes identified in obHect oriented analy(ed must be refined in the design phase. In

the analysis phase the name of the attributes was sufficient. !ut in the design phase detailed

information must be added to the model. The three basic types of attributes are/

-. #ingle valued attributes/ This has only value or state.

8. %ultiplicity or multivalue attributes/ This has a collection of many values at any point

in time.

@. Instance connection attributes/ This is required to provide the mapping needed by an

obHect to fulfill its responsibilities.

0!L attri.ut+ pr+s+ntation

)isibility name/ type"expressionVinitial"value)isibility indicates either public visibility or protected visibility or private visibility. The

public visibility indicates that the attribute can be accessible to all classes. The protected

visibility indicates that the accessibility is given to the subclasses and operations of the class.

The private visibility indicates that the accessibility can be given only to the operations of the

class only.

Type expression is a language dependent specification of the implementation type of an

attribute. Initial value is a language dependent expression for the initial value is optional.

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/2 #+5u+nc+ and co((a.oration diagrams#+5u+nc+ %iagram

• +n interaction diagram shows an interaction consisting of a set of obHects and their

relationships including the messages that may be dispatched among them.

• + sequence diagram is an interaction diagram that emphasi(es the time ordering of

messages.

• raphically a sequence diagram is a table that shows obHects arranged along x"axis

and messages ordered in increasing time along the y"axis.

Cont+nts

• #equence diagrams commonly contain the following/

ObHects

1inks

%essages

1ike all other diagrams sequence diagrams may contain notes and constrains.

Administrator #+5u+nc+

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0n R+gistration #+5u+nc+

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R+gistration #+5u+nc+

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Co((a.oration %iagram

" Collaboration is a society of classes interfaces and other elements that work together to

provide some cooperative behavior that&s bigger than the sum of all its parts.

" Collaboration is also the specification of how an element such as a classifier or an

operation is reali(ed by a set of classifiers and associations playing specific roles used in a

specific way

Cont+nts

Collaboration diagrams commonly contain the following/

ObHects

1inks

%essages

1ike all other diagrams sequence diagrams may contain notes and constrains.

Administrator Co((a.oration

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0n R+gistration Co((a.oration

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Compon+nt %iagram

%+p(o)m+nt %iagram

" + deployment diagram is a diagram that shows the configuration of run time processing

nodes and the components that live on them.

" raphically a deployment diagram is collection of vertices and arcs.

Cont+nts

" $eployment diagram commonly contain the following things/

3odes

$ependency and association relationships

" 1ike all other diagrams deployment diagrams may contain notes and constraints.

" $eployment diagrams may also contain components each of which must live on some

node.

" $eployment diagrams may also contain packages or subsystems both of which are used

to group elements of your model into larger chunks

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/3 C(ass %iagrams

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/: ER %iagrams

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;/ TE#TING AN% I!PLE!ENTATIONTesting

T+sting !+t,odo(ogi+s

o !lack box Testing/

o White box Testing.

o ray !ox Testing.

• L+v+(s of T+sting

o 2nit Testing.

o %odule Testing.

o Integration Testing.

o #ystem Testing.

o 2ser +cceptance Testing.

T)p+s Of T+sting

o #moke Testing.

o #anitary Testing.

o =egression Testing.

o =e"Testing.

o #tatic Testing.

o $ynamic Testing.

o +lpha"Testing.

o !eta"Testing.

o %onkey Testing.

o Compatibility Testing.

o Installation Testing.

o +dhoc Testing.

o ,xt^.

TC% DT+st Cas+ %ocum+ntation

#TLC

o Test 9lanning.

o Test $evelopment.

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o Test ,xecution.

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o =esult +nalysis.

o !ug"Tracing.

o =eporting.

!icrosoft $indo*s #tandards

!anua( T+sting

Automation T+sting DToo(s

o Win =unner.

o Test $irector

T+sting

The process of executing a system with the intent of finding an error.

Testing is defined as the process in which defects are identified isolated subHected

for rectification and ensured that product is defect free in order to produce the quality

product and hence customer satisfaction.

;uality is defined as Hustification of the requirements

$efect is nothing but deviation from the requirements

$efect is nothing but bug.

Testing """ The presence of bugs

Testing can demonstrate the presence of bugs but not their absence

$ebugging and Testing are not the same thingY

Testing is a systematic attempt to break a program or the +2T

$ebugging is the art or method of uncovering why the script 5program did not execute

properly.

T+sting !+t,odo(ogi+s

• B(ack .o4 T+sting/ is the testing process in which tester can perform testing on an

application without having any internal structural knowledge of application.

2sually Test ,ngineers are involved in the black box testing.

• $,it+ .o4 T+sting/ is the testing process in which tester can perform testing on an

application with having internal structural knowledge.

2sually The $evelopers are involved in white box testing.

•Gra) Bo4 T+sting/ is the process in which the combination of black box and white

box techniques are used.

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L+v+(s of T+sting

Module1 Module2 Module3

i5p Integration o5p i5p Integration o/p

System Testing: Presentation + business +Databases

UAT: user aeptane testing

#T1C >#Ocheck list?

3/ Test 9rocedure preparation. >$escription of the test cases?

T+st E4+cution/ 2/ Implementation of test cases. Observing the result.

R+su(t Ana()sis/ 2/ ,xpected value/ is nothing but expected behavior

Of application.

3/ +ctual value/ is nothing but actual behavior of the

application

Bug Tracing Collect all the failed cases prepare documents.

R+porting 9repare document >status of the application?

T)p+s Of T+sting

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• #mok+ T+sting/ is the process of initial testing in which tester looks for the availability of

all the functionality of the application in order to perform detailed testing on them. >%ain

check is for available forms?

•#anit) T+sting is a type of testing that is conducted on an application initially to check for

the proper behavior of an application that is to check all the functionality are available before

the detailed testing is conducted by on them.

• R+gr+ssion T+sting is one of the best and important testing. =egression testing is the

process in which the functionality which is already tested before is once again tested

whenever some new change is added in order to check whether the existing functionality

remains same.

•R+T+sting is the process in which testing is performed on some functionality which is

already tested before to make sure that the defects are reproducible and to rule out the

environments issues if at all any defects are there.

• #tatic T+sting is the testing which is performed on an application when it is not been

executed. ex/ 2I $ocument Testing

• %)namic T+sting is the testing which is performed on an application when it is being

executed. ex/ application servers browsers^

etc? In order to check how far the product is compatible with all these environments platform

combination.

• Insta((ation T+sting it is the process of testing in which the tester try to install or try to

deploy the module into the corresponding environment by following the guidelines produced

in the deployment document and check whether the installation is successful or not.

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• Ad,oc T+sting +dhoc Testing is the process of testing in which unlike the formal testing

where in test case document is used with out that test case document testing can be done of

an application to cover that testing of the future which are not covered in that test case

document. +lso it is intended to perform 2I testing which may involve the cosmotic issues.TC% DT+st Cas+ %ocum+nt

T+st Cas+ %ocum+nt Contains

• T+st #cop+ Dor T+st o.H+ctiv+

• T+st #c+nario

• T+st Proc+dur+

• T+st cas+

This is the sample test case document for the +cadamic details of student proHect/

T+st scop+

• Test coverage is provided for the screen ' +cadamic status entry* form of a student

module of university management system application

• +reas of the application to be tested

T+st #c+nario

• When the office personals use this screen for the marks entry calculate the status

details saving the information on student&s basis and quit the form.

T+st Proc+dur+

• The procedure for testing this screen is planned in such a way that the data entry

status calculation functionality saving and quitting operations are tested in terms of

ui testing 9ositive testing 3egative testing using the corresponding ui test cases

9ositive test cases 3egative test cases respectively

T+st Cas+s• Template for Test Case

T.C.3o $escription ,xp +ct =esult

Guid+(in+s for T+st Cas+s/

2/ G0I T+st Cas+s

• Total no of features that need to be check

•

1ook 0 date 0 Time if at all any require?

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• 1ook for spell check

E4amp(+ for G0I T+st cas+s/

T.C.

3o $escription ,xpected value

+ctual

value =esult

-

Check for all the features in

the screen

The screen must contain

all the features

8

Check for the alignment of

the obHects as per the validations

The alignment should be

in proper way

3/ Positiv+ T+st Cas+s

• The positive flow of the functionality must be considered

• )alid inputs must be used for testing

• %ust have the positive perception to verify whether the requirements are Hustified.

E4amp(+ for Positiv+ T+st cas+s

T.C.

3o

$escription ,xpected value +ctual

value

=esult

- Check for the date Time

+uto $isplay

The date and time of the

system must be displayed

8 ,nter the valid =oll no into the

student roll no field

It should accept

:/ N+gativ+ T+st Cas+s

• %ust have negative perception.

• Invalid inputs must be used for test.

E4amp(+ for N+gativ+ T+st cas+s/

T.C.

3o

$escription ,xpected value +ctual

value

=esult

- Try to modify the information in

date and time

%odification should not

be allow

8 ,nter invalid data in to the

student details form click on

#ave

It should not accept invalid

data save should not allow

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/ O0TP0T #CREEN#/2 #cr++ns

&om+ Pag+

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0s+r R+gistration Pag+

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0s+r Login

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Advanc+d #+arc,

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Car &ir+ Pag+

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#+arc, R+su(t D&ot+( Info

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#+arc, R+su(t D&ot+( P,otos

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#+arc, R+su(t D&ot+( Faci(iti+s

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#+arc, R+su(t D&ot+( R+cr+ations

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0s+r &om+ Pag+

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Pa)m+nt Pag+

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#ucc+ssfu(() don+ pag+

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Admin Login

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Admin Pan+(

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Admin DAdding a &ot+(

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Admin DEdit 7 %+(+t+ &ot+(

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/ CONCL0#ION

:otel %anagement #ystem is a Web"portal $evelopment Company speciali(ing in

providing custom solutions for small businesses. We strive to build solutions to your specific

needs to get the Hob done right the first time. We pay special attention to the ease of use and

utili(e the latest in technology.

This system is developed for the exclusively for the people of :yderabad. It provides

facilities to the user with user friendly modules with sub modules. This system is developed

in understandable approach which can be easier to the layman of the computers. This system

is developed totally 2I based and with smart links.

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J/ BIBLIOGRAP&'

#)st+m Ana()sis And %+sign

" [enneth ,. [endall 7ulie ,. [endall

An Ana()sis and %+sign of Information #)st+ms

" rayce %. !ooth

#oft*ar+ Engin++ring

" =oger #. 9ressman

%ata.as+ !anag+m+nt #)st+m

" 7ames +. 1arson

P&P A B+ginn+rs Guid+

" =iwanto %egosinarso

-ava #+rv+r Pag+s Programming A visua( prof+ssiona( guid+ for %+sign

" #cott %itchell

hotel managment system

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