Highlights of iNEMI 2015 Environmentally Sustainable Electronics Roadmap

Matthew Chalkley, IBM

2015 ESE TIG Chair,2017 TWG Chair

ContributorsJackie Adams – Chair IBM

Mark Leimbeck – Co-Chair UL

Stephen Tisdale – Co-Chair Intel

Energy

• Jay Dietrich IBM

• Erica Logan (Chair) ITIC

• Chris Saunders Lexmark

• Shahid Sheikh Intel

• Gary Verdun Dell

Sustainability

• Matt Chalkley IBM

• Marcel Dartee PolyOne

• Joe Kuczynski (Chair) IBM

• Paul Nowatski Bayer Materials Science

• Tom Okrasinski Alcatel-Lucent

• Matt Rudolf RSB Services

• Edwin Tam Tecknor Apex

• Jason Wertz IBM

Recycling

• Chris Cleet (Chair) ITIC

• Brian Ivory Intel

• Renee St.Denis SIMS Recycling

• Mike Watson Electronic Recyclers International, Inc.

• Ruediger Kuehr United Nations University (UNU), Institute for the

Advanced Study of sustainability

Materials

• Charles E. Bauer, Ph.D. (Chair) TechLead Corporation

• Mike Bixenman Kyzen

• Roland Chin Intel

• Mina Cordioli IBM

• Leo Kenny Intel

• Jens Mueller Technische Universitat de Ilmenau

• Kyong Wook Paik KAIST

• Horatio Quinones Hilarco

• Alan Rae Alfred Technology Resources Inc.

• Arjen Salemink Alcatel-Lucent

• Keith Sweatman Nihon Superior

• Linda Young Intel

• Bozena Kaminska Simon Fraser University

• Kevin Martin AtoTech

• Ning Cheng Lee Indium Corporation

Eco design

• Anne Brinkley IBM

• Mark Dowling Giraffe Innovation Ltd.

• Pamela Gordon Technology Forecasters Inc.

• Walter Jager ECD Compliance

• Lise Laurin EarthShift

• Thomas Okrasinski Alcatel-Lucent

• Jeff Omelchuck (Chair) Green Electronics Council

• Bill Schaeffer Alcatel Lucent

• Harvey Stone RSJ Technical Consulting

2

Roadmap Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Sustainability

3. Energy

4. Materials

5. Recycling

6. Eco design

7. Summary

Typical Sub-chapter Sections

1. Introduction

2. Situation Analysis

3. Critical Issues

4. Technology and Business Needs

5. Gaps and Showstoppers

6. Recommendations

3

Compared to 2013 ESE Chapter: It Grew!

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20

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60

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120

2013 2015

Pages

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4

Sustainability

PEOPLE

PLANET PROFIT

*Triple bottom line (abbreviated as TBL or 3BL) is an

accounting framework with three parts: social,

environmental (or ecological) and financial. These three

divisions are also called the three Ps: people, planet

and profit, or the "three pillars of sustainability".

*source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_bottom_line

How is “Sustainability”

defined?

“Meeting the needs of the

present without compromising

the ability of future generations

to meet their own needs” - UN

World Commission on

Environment and Development,

1987

5

Sustainability - Highlights, GAPs and Showstoppers

• Sustainability as a differentiator – product design and procurement decisions.

• Focus on Environmental Sustainability from a full Lifecycle Perspective.

• Large focus on improvements from application of ICT.

• Possible energy efficiency improvements of electronics.

• Operational efficiencies within electronics manufacturing facilities,

recommends Green Sigma approach.

6

Sustainability - Highlights, GAPs and Showstoppers

• Increased impacts due to more devices globally.

Source: http://spectrum.ieee.org/telecom/internet/ip-traffic-in-2017-14-zettabytes

Source: http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2013/09/12/idc-87-of-connected-devices-by-2017-will-be-tablets-and-smartphones/

7

Sustainability - Highlights, GAPs and Showstoppers

• Many companies still lack the structural framework to enable corporate

oversight of sustainability.

• Privacy and Data Security Issues may inhibit adoption of cloud computing.

8

Sustainability Recommendations

• Continue to develop technologies that better measure and track energy /

greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions progress.

• Compliance to new US Federal procurement requirements on their

suppliers.

• Participate in strategies to achieve the ’first billion’ tons of GHG emissions

reduction by 2030 and spark a transformation.

• ICT must continuously improve on its direct or “2%” footprint.

• ICT needs to uniformly develop and adopt tools to more easily estimate and

provide eco-impact information on its products.

• ICT must continuously improve on its water footprint.

• Motivate the electronics industry itself as well as in other industry sectors to

implement the enabling effect of ICT.

• Innovate better ways to measure and report on energy efficiency / eco-

impact reduction.

• Cloud computing impacts

9

iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision

Sustainability 2014

Today

2019

Technical Plan

2024

Research Plan

2034

Vision

Meet the four goals identified below:

Achieving the triple bottom

line through all phases of the

product life cycle

Companies are

looking beyond,

developing more

long-term

technology

producing

greener

electronics,

beginning to

understand what

life cycle

environmental

and societal

costs are being

externalized. Still

more work to do.

Begin making progress

on green house gases,

energy, and resource

utilization

Develop tools to

directly/indirectly

measure GHG

emissions and energy

and resource

utilization.

• Business decisions are aligned with

sustainability objectives

• All life cycle costs have been internalized in

electronic products

• All ICT hardware is manufactured in

facilities with best-in-class health, safety,

and environmental standards globally with

employees earning a living wage, no forced

labor, no forced overtime, no child labor, no

discrimination, and workers have freedom of

association

• Hazardous emissions to air, water, land are

eliminated.

• People and communities benefit

Achieving success in the

following four areas

Further discussed in

the subsections of the

roadmap

Energy

• Product energy efficiency remains a priority for the Information and

Communications Technology sector; demanded my customers globally.

• Computing devices fall generally fall into two categories:

11

Energy - Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers

• Optimizing energy consumption of the system or network is key.

• In contrast there are declining gains of device energy efficiency.

12

Energy - Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers

• Increasing global regulation of energy efficiency, and increasing voluntary

programs – access to markets e.g. Energy Star

• Increasing global data traffic, plus increasing number of devices

• Increasing focus on carbon footprinting of devices, but difficult to

differentiate because of common design and supply chain.

• Diverging specifications have caused creation of ITI 9 “Principles of

Aligning Energy Efficiency Regulations”.

• Increasing regulations and voluntary programs with diverging requirements.

• Inability of regs and voluntary schemes to manage energy efficiency of

complex networks, compounded by growth of “internet of things”.

13

Energy Recommendations

• Focus on “Intelligent Efficiency”

• Recognize industry trends in order to assess industry impact.

• iNEMI should support or initiate a project on cloud computing energy

metrics.

• Develop methods and work with governments to promote policies that

recognize unique functionality of new technologies.

• Develop tools and metrics to address new technologies and new trends.

• Promote harmonization in global energy efficiency requirements.

14

iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision

Energy 2014

Today

2019

Technical Plan

2024

Research Plan

2034

Vision

The Energy Savings from ICT over

the next 20 years is greater than the

2034 Use – Measured in terms of ICT

enabled energy efficiency in the

greater economy

Net energy consumption

reduction of ICT systems

Meet legal

requirements &

other

procurement

mandates such

as ENERGY

STAR®

program in

targeted market

segments and

product

categories

Internationally

recognized metrics

and goals for EE of

ICT systems

developed

Systems

approach used in

designing new

infrastructure

products like 6G

Deploy new products and systems which

achieve the vision

Evaluate Energy Savings

through ICT Applications

Primitive Accurate

Measurement of

impact of ICT “cloud”

Reasonable

Measurements of

impact of sensors

and applications

Accurate measurement techniques to verify

achievement of vision

Materials Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers

• Proliferation of RoHS-like regulations globally.

• There needs to be better alignment and enhanced communication between

industry and the regulatory authorities.

• Still very difficult to get good info on materials in electronics products.

• Increasing focus on transparency, reporting.

• Birth of nanomaterial regulations.

• Increasing materials restrictions based on social issues – conflict free.

16

Materials Recommendations

• Better standards and tools to track materials info throughout the supply

chain.

• Increase activities to develop methodologies for assessing materials and

their alternatives based on REACH.

• iNEMI has an opportunity to create or develop an industry “user group” to

facilitate and coordinate communications and lobbying efforts between the

industry and regulatory organizations as well as grass roots movements

and NGOs.

• Increase focus and cross-industry discussion on the assessment and

reporting of nanomaterials.

• Aspirational - Paint a materials supply chain portrait for the industry that

includes competitive industry demands as well as improved standards,

processes and tools.

17

iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision

Materials 2014

Today

2019

Technical Plan

2024

Research Plan

2034

Vision

Materials and Processes cause no

Harm

Introduction of halogen

reduced technologies

Exceeds legal

requirements

Meets legal

requirements and

has driven to a more

common goal of

standardizing

Flammability, Acidity

and various other

safety and

mechanical

requirements

Chemicals/materials used

in products

Meet Legal

Requirements

Have scientifically

evaluated

alternatives for all

materials of concern

Have

scientifically

evaluated all

materials

No chemical or materials selection is made

without an alternatives assessment, or the

substance is on the “good” list

Use Biologically Benign Substances

Resources are not wasted

Impact of Extraction of

Materials (mining and

recycling)

Meet Legal

Requirements

First generation of

models

on the impact of

extraction

Effective Models

to make informed

decisions

Impact studies using scientifically validated

models are required globally and used for

decision making

Recycling Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers

• The need for responsible end of life management of obsolete electronics is

increasing across the globe.

• Increasing global regulations.

• CRT glass still a big problem.

• Collection rates continue to be poor, even in countries with strong

regulations.

• Areas have been prioritized for research:

– Recycling

– Materials

– Eco-Design

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Recycling Recommendations

• Assign resources to the prioritized research and development areas as

noted in the Critical Issues section.

• In conjunction with the sustainability, materials, and eco design sub

chapter of the Roadmap, support standardized design guidelines to

facilitate environmentally sound recovery and recycling.

20

iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision

Recycling 2014

Today

2019

Technical Plan

2024

Research Plan

2034

Vision

A Truly Closed-Loop Society

% recycled Meet Legal

Requirements

80% of Metals, 10% of

Polymers

90% of Metals,

50% of

Polymers

100 % Recycled or Reused

Recycling Processes

and Systems

Meet Legal

Requirements

Clear definition of what

the term “recyclable”

means, identify and

promulgate recycling

best practices

Companies, consumers, and all

people in the supply chain are

accountable

Eco-Design Highlights, Gaps and Showstoppers

• TFI study shows EcoDesign programs mostly in larger companies, mostly

focused on compliance.

• Drivers for EcoDesign include regulatory compliance, voluntary programs,

and desire to enhance or protect brand image.

• Business case for EcoDesign is under-appreciated.

• LCA is key tool for EcoDesign but remains difficult to apply. Streamlined

techniques often ignore important impacts.

• Eco-label standards can provide useful guidance.

22

Eco Design Recommendations

• Continue to support the harmonization of environmental requirements

globally.

• Support further research and broad industry dialog on design strategies for

reducing the waste impact of electronic product evolution and

obsolescence.

• iNEMI can play a leading role in continuing to develop better standards and

protocols for communicating environmental requirements and attributes up

and down the supply chain

• Develop better forums for sharing eco-design best practices, thus

accelerating improvement.

• Continue to invest in better LCA tools.

23

Eco Design Recommendations

• Promote the incorporation of environmental considerations in university

and professional training in electronics design. Encourage companies to set

eco-design policies and goals

• Continue to develop and improve product category rules (PCRs) for

electronic products and services to enable consistent comparison of LCA

data and enable better design decisions.

• Conduct research on under-served markets to characterize volumes and

product types of equipment disposition, asset recovery and recycling

technology.

• Increase exposure of executives to the business case for eco-design,

especially executives from SMEs.

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iNEMI ESE Roadmap and Vision

Eco-Design 2014

Today

2019

Technical Plan

2024

Research Plan

2034

Vision

Eco-Design is

universally applied to

ensure that all

electronic products

are sustainable.

Use of Eco-Design Many large companies

have Eco-Design

programs to assure that

regulatory and market

requirements are met

Eco-Design is a required

curriculum element for

engineers and designers. All

electronics companies have an

Eco-Design program

Eco-Design programs

consider and

significantly reduce all

impacts of electronics

throughout their

lifecycle

Eco-Design is universally

applied to ensure that all

electronic products are

sustainable.

Use of LCA and other tools Generic Tools for certain

product classes

Robust datasets exist for

specific semiconductors and

other major components.

LCAs consider impacts over

multiple product use lives.

LCA integrated into

most CAD tools to aid

design decisions and

trade-offs

Detailed, complex LCA-type

calculations are routinely

and automatically performed

as part of design phase.

Communication of

environmental impacts

throughout supply chain

Many components have

incomplete materials

content datasheets.

Sometimes difficult to

obtain them.

Industry agreement on

common data protocol for

communicating direct and

indirect materials “content” of

products through supply chain.

Leading manufacturers making

data available in common

database.

Database/ reporting

tool universally used

for all electronics,

includes all embodied

environmental

impacts.

For every electronic product

sold, a report can be easily

and freely obtained of all

embodied environmental

impacts and the net should

be zero for all products.

www.inemi.org

Bill Bader

bill.bader@inemi.org

Grace O’Malley

gomalley@inemi.org

Chuck Richardson

crichardson@inemi.org