www.geospatialworldforum.org

#GWF2020

7-9 April 2020 /// Amsterdam

GAGAN Initiatives Jan 18, 2018

Topics covered

1. Brief profile of GAGAN

2. Features / Accuracy of GAGAN System

3. GAGAN Architecture

4. GAGAN services and Coverage

5. GAGAN utilization in aviation sector

6. GAGAN utilization in non aviation sector

7. Opportunities for neighboring states

Main functions of AAI

AAI under the Ministry of Civil Aviation is responsible for creating, upgrading, maintaining and managing civil aviation infrastructure in India.

Major functions of AAI

Design, Development, Operation and Maintenance of international, domestic airports and civil enclaves.

Control and Management of the Indian airspace extending beyond the territorial limits of the country, as accepted by ICAO.

Provision of CNS/ATM systems.

GAGAN – A brief Profile

• GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) - Indian SBAS

• Jointly developed by the AAI and ISRO (ISRO)

• Continuous operations since December 2013 (RNP 0.1) and April 2015 (APV 1)

• Current Transmission on GSAT-8 (PRN-127) & GSAT-10 (PRN-128)

• Third GEO satellite GSAT-15 (PRN 132) is being integrated in the current system

• India is the 4th country to implement Satellite Based Navigation System (GAGAN)

• USA, Japan and Europe – Already implemented

• Russia, China and Korea – In process of implementing

• Australia, Africa and Middle East – Planning for implementation

• 3rd to achieve Approach with Vertical Guidance Certification

• 1st system developed in Equatorial Region making India the leader in Asia Pacific Region

GAGAN Advantages

• Limitations of GPS

• Integrity:

– not guaranteed, since all satellites may not be satisfactorily working all

times.

• Time to alarm:

– could be from minutes to hours and there is no indication of quality of

service.

• Accuracy:

– is not sufficient.

– vertical accuracy for 95% of the time is >10m to 100m.

• Availability & Continuity are not assured.

• GAGAN provides remedies to above problems – Transmits correction messages to Users through GEO satellite

GPS v/s GAGAN

Parameters GPS GAGAN

Accuracy :

(confirmation with

respect to established

truth)

GPS accuracy is based on the

geodetic location of

user/Receiver position and

also it varies with time.

(Due to un accounted errors

involved ).

Around 10-15 meters

Provides Improved accuracy by applying corrections on any given user / Receiver position and consistent with time.

Less than 2 meters

Integrity:

(Confirmation with

respect to, use or not

to use based on quality

of data received)

Can’t provide Integrity

information on Real Time and

also not guaranteed by the

service provider.

User will get alert which varies

from minutes to hours.

Provides Real Time

Integrity information to

user and guaranteed by

the service provider.

User will get alert

within 6.2 sec.

Horizontal Position Error (HPE) at Kolkata INRES site Performance of a Receiver (GPS v/s GAGAN)

Vertical Position Error (VPE) at Kolkata INRES site Performance of a Receiver (GPS v/s GAGAN)

GAGAN is useful in aviation and non-aviation sectors (i.e. sectors requiring accurate location information)

GAGAN Services

GAGAN provides the following air navigation services as per ICAO SARPS.

- RNP 0.1 within India FIR

- APV-1 in the landmass of Indian FIR.

GAGAN Architecture

GSAT-10

INLUS #3

PRN 127 (DD)

GSAT-15

INLUS #1

PRN 127(BG)

GSAT-8

INLUS #2

PRN128 (BG)

DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK @ 2 Mbps / 128 Kbps

DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK @ 2 Mbps / 128 Kbps (OFC Link)

INMCC #1

(BG)

DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK @ 128 Kbps (OFC & V Sat Dual Link)

INMCC #3

(DEL)

GPS 1 to 32

INRES-2 INRES-1 INRES-15 ● ● ● ●

SIS with PRN 127 SIS with PRN 128

INMCC #2

(BG)

GAGAN - INRES Sites

Jammu

Delhi

Ahmedabad

Guwahati

Calcutta

Port Blair

Bangalore

Trivandrum

Dibrugarh

Nagpur

Patna

Porbandar

GOA

Jaisalmer

Bhubaneswar

Gaya

1. Reference stations (INRES) - 15 Nos

2. Master Control Center (INMCC) - 3 Nos 3. Uplink Stations (INLUS)- 3 Nos 4. Redundant data links between GAGAN sites.

GAGAN Elements A. Ground segment

B. Space segment

1. GPS Constellation 2. GEO Satellites with

nav payload – 3 no’s

C. User segment GAGAN enabled SBAS Rx.

VSAT ANTENNA (6.3M DIA) AT BANGALORE

INLUS 11 MTR ANTENNA AT BANGALORE

INMCC CTF BUILDING AT BANGALORE

INRES Facility At

Bangalore 1 3

1 2

GAGAN Infrastructure

GAGAN Functional Components

INMCC CVSS and DCSS

INLUS

GAGAN Reference Facility

APV-1 Service RNP 0.1 Service

Typical plots of one day GAGAN Service availability

GAGAN utilization in India – Aviation Sector

As per National Civil Aviation Policy (NCAP-2016), Ministry of Civil Aviation, India mandated that:

All new aircraft, registered in India to be GAGAN enabled from 1st January 2019. Forward fit notification issued by DGCA .

All aircraft, registered in India, to be GAGAN enabled from 01.01.2024

Completed design and development of 5 GAGAN LPV procedures at 3 airports

Testing & validation of these procedures in progress.

Development of APV procedures for 20 Airports are in the progress.

In the next few years, GAGAN APV procedures development for almost all operational airports in India.

• GAGAN GEO footprint expands

from Africa to Australia and have

expansion capability for seamless

navigation services for the region.

• GAGAN is also interoperable with

other SBAS systems like WAAS,

EGNOS and MSAS.

GAGAN services to neighboring countries

Coverage Area of GAGAN services

APV1 RNP0.1

GAAGN RNP 0.1 Coverage beyond the Indian Region

GAGAN can be used for non-aviation applications, such as :

• Survey/Mapping

• Railways

• Marine applications

• Scientific research

• Location Based Services

etc…

Non- Aviation uses of GAGAN

Utilization of GAGAN in Non aviation sector

1. Workshops organized with non-aviation sectors such as Roadways, Railways,

Agriculture, Disaster Management, Maritime, Utilities, Power and Telecom.

2. These sectors are willing to use GAGAN for location based applications and shall

take steps for its implementation.

3. Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has already mandated using GAGAN

for vehicle tracking applications under the Automotive Standards.

4. Indian Railways procured GAGAN enabled dongles for testing its accuracy for

the Geographical Information System (GIS) project.

5. AAI working on utilizing GAGAN signals for broadcasting of short messages as

GAGAN Message Service (GAMES)

Uses & Benefits of GAGAN for Surveying / GIS

Accurate source of GPS L1 corrections

With a high performance GAGAN enabled receiver and a good quality

antenna, consistent positioning under 1mtr can be achieved in real time.

No base station is needed, so it can work in vast inland regions and open sea

No user fee

Nationwide coverage

Excellent ergonomics ( no additional hardware)

Very reliable

GAGAN MESSAGE SERVICE (GAMES)

• AAI is working to utilize GAGAN signals for broadcasting short

service messages via GEO satellites.

• Broadcast early warning messages on the occurrence of natural

disasters, calamities, dangers for the safety of life within GAGAN

coverage area :

• Search and Rescue Messages

• Relief and mitigation related messages

• Meteorological information

Users having the possibility to process the messages can extract the

enclosed information and use it in the way they need.

• Free Service.

• Users equipped with GAGAN enables receivers know their position

along with alerts.

• Confirmation of transmission and timely delivery of message is

guaranteed as GAGAN is basically a SoL system

• Service availability ensured all the time

• Wider coverage area

• No additional requirement for local infrastructure

• Low operational cost

• Capability to support different type of alerts simultaneously

Advantages of GAGAN Message services

Opportunities for Neighboring States States

• Neighboring states can take advantage of GAGAN signals

utilization in aviation and non aviation sectors in the respective

states with minimal expenditure.

• AAI, as GAGAN service provider has the capability to :

• install reference stations.

• train personnel.

• integrate reference station data with Indian Master Control

center and

• uplink the same via GEOs GSAT 8 , 10 & 15 for SBAS

services over the selected country.

Thank you

Railways CRIS is working on Real Time tracking of train movements

Real Time Train Information System (RTIS) shall be using GAGAN for

location data

Roads

Working on pilot project – Road Asset Management (RAMS) using GAGAN

satellite

RAMS funded by World Bank for 3,000 km of national highways

NHAI sought funds from World Bank to collect data for 97,000 km of

National Highways

DoT Examining feasibility of shifting timing reference of Telecom networks to

GAGAN.

Power Indicated willingness to shift to GAGAN as the timing reference for Critical

National Infrastructure

Shipping Ministry would promulgate GAGAN as being an approved SBAS for

Dynamic Positioning, Pilotage and other marine uses

Advantages of GAMES to be explored

HQ IDS Would specify WAAS enabled criteria for positioning units being procured for

armed forces [Integrated Defense Staff ]

DIETY Examine feasibility of inclusion of GAGAN as positioning system in

standards notified for equipment manufacturers

Agro MNCFC specified need for pilot project to quantify real time GAGAN

benefits

Interested to explore GAGAN for Crop Insurance (KISAN) project and

precision farming applications

NDMA Interested to utilize GAMES for disaster relief and post-disaster coordination

Conduct pilot project to quantify real time benefits of GAMES

DGLL Exploring Satellite based Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel

Traffic Management System

Upgrading 13 stations with space technology

Manufacturers of survey grade GNSS receivers/ Total Station

• Trimble

• Garmin

• Leica

• Spectra Precision

• JAVAD

• Magellan

• Novatel

• Accord

• Stesalit

DGPS v/s GAGAN GEO

Differential GPS (DGPS) is the most widely used technique for accurate positioning in Surveying.

GAGAN is the NATIONWIDE DGPS system, which does not require any DGPS reference station or Modem.

DGPS position errors grow proportional to the distance between the DGPS reference station and the user receiver.

GAGAN provides better accuracy uniformly compared to DGPS and is most suitable for Surveying.

GAGAN signals can be used for Static Surveys, Dynamic Surveys and Real Time Dynamic Surveys.