Final Project Ppt uppcl

8/10/2019 Final Project Ppt uppcl

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PRESENTED BY:

ADITI MISHRA (1105421007) DIVYA PANDEY (1105421041) AMBUJ TIWARI (1105421013) KARTIK DUBEY (1105421054)

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PROJECT CO-ORDINATOR

MR. ANIL SINGH RATHORE MR. ABHISHEK SRIVASTAV( ASSISTANCE PROFESSOR )


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INTRODUCTION

The aim of this project is four quadrant speed control of DCmotor .

Motor is operated in four quadrant i.e; clockwise , counterclockwise, instantaneous forward brake and instantaneousreverse brake.

Speed of DC motor is directly proportional to the DCvoltage across its terminals .

Speed of DC motor is controlled by controlling DC voltageand by pulse width modulation.


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MAIN COMPONENTS

1. Micro switch

2. Microcontroller

3. Motor driver

4. DC motor

5. Step down transformer

6. Bridge rectifier


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COMPONENTS DISCRIPTION

MICROSWITCH: A micro switch, also know as snap-actionswitch is a generic term used to refer to an electric switch.

MICROCONTROLLER: The microcontroller used here is acommon 8-bit Atmel microcontroller.

MOTOR DRIVER: It receives signals from the microcontrollerand on the basis of that it will drive the motors.

DC MOTOR: A DC motor is simple electric motor that useselectricity and magnetic field to produce torque, which turnsthe motor.


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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

Speed control of DC motor can be done by various ways:

Direction of the motor can be controlled by controlling the

polarity of current flowing through it. Speed of motor is controlled by DC voltage applied across its

terminals.

PWM wave can be used to control the speed of DC motor.


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Speed

Torqe

IaRa

Ea

Va

IaRa

Ea

Va

IaRa

Ea

Va

IaRa

Ea

Va

Va < Ea Va > Ea

Va > Ea Va < Ea

Forward Breaking Forward Motoring

Reverse Motoring Reverse Breaking

FOUR QUADRANT OPERATION


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BLOCK DIAGRAM


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MICROSWITCH

A micro switch, also known as snap-action-switch, is ageneric term used to refer to an electric switch.

They are very common due to their low cost and durability,greater than one million cycles and up to 10 million cycles forheavy duty models.

Common application of micro switches include the doorinterlock on a microwave oven, levelling and safety switches

in elevators, vending machines and to detect paper jams orother faults in photocopiers.


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RAM ROM

I/O

PortTimer

Serial

COM

Port

Microcontroller

CPU

A single chip

MICRO CONTROLLER USED

The microcontroller used here is a common Atmelmicrocontroller.

It is a low power, high performance CMOS 8 bitmicrocontroller.


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PIN DIAGRAM

2K bytes EEPROM Data Memory.

2.7v to 5.5v Operating Range.

256x8 bit Internal RAM.

32 programmable I/O lines.

Three 16-bit Timer/Counters.

Nine interrupt sources.


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ATMEL PIN DIAGRAM


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MOTOR DRIVER

H-bridge is an electronic circuit which enables a voltage to beapplied across a load in either direction.

These circuits are often used in robotics and other application to

allow DC motors to run forwards and backwards.The motor operating switch:

The motor operationA B C D

Forward motoring

Reverse motoring

Reverse Breaking

Forward Breaking

1 0 0 1

0 0 1 0

0 1 1 0

0 0 0 1

Vcc

Q1

Q4

Q3

Q2G

G

G

GA B

C D

ON

OFF

OFF

ON

M

D1

D4

D3

D2


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PULSE WIDTH MODULATION

Different types of waves:

sine, square, sawtooth, triangle.

PWM uses square waves.

Discrete On/Off values.

Based on duty cycles;

On and Off time


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ADVANTAGES

It is user friendly.

Safer to use. Reduces the tome of switching due to automation.

Requires least maintenance.

Can be used in rotor controls.


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APPLICATIONS

ROBOTIC CONTROLS.

SWING MACHINES.

ELECTRONIC BIKES.

WINDING MACHINES.

DC OPERATED DRILL MACHINES.

CNC MACHINES.

MOBILE AIR CONDITION FANS.

TOYS.

ELCTRONIC DOOR CONTROLLERS.

ELECTRONIC CHAIRS(beauty parlor etc.)


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CIRCUIT OVERVIEW

CIRCUIT OVERVIEW


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CONCLUSION

We have achieved the required speed And also we displaythis on LCD display.

Our aim of this project, we have achieved the speed controlof DC motor.


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THANK YOU


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QUERIES ?

Final Project Ppt uppcl

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