END OF WWII - sites.psu.edusites.psu.edu/arch312/wp-content/uploads/sites/14693/2014/10/... ·...
1
END OF WWII INDIA AND PAKISTAN INDEPENDENT & SELF GOVERNED SINGLE TRACT FAMILY HOUSES AFTER THE RETURN OF TROOPS FROM WWII RAJENDRA & RUPAL DESAI structural engineer & architect NARI GHANDI architect RAVINDRA KAMATH architect JAWAHARLAL NERU first prime minister of india DECOLONIZATION “new identity” SELF-SUSTAINABILITY HUMANITY & CONCERN FOR SHELTERING THE URBAN POOR 1. PREVI EXPERIMENTAL HOUSING ENTRY (GOVERNMENT OF PERU AND UN) 2.TARA MIDDLE LEVEL INCOME SCHEME 3.MALABAR CEMENTS TOWNSHIP REDUCTION OF OVERCROWDING regulate urbanization through low financed housing - various housing sizes - cheap materials - large plots of land vs. small plots of land PRIVATE GOVERNEMENT GOVERNEMENT SELF-SPONSERED DDA DELHI DEVELOPEMENTAL AU- THORITY -CREATED IN 1957 UNDER DEHLI DEVELOPEMENTAL ACT TO “PRO- MOTE AND SECURE THE DEVEL- OPEMENT OF DELHI” -THE DDA TRIES TO CONTROL THE RAPID URBANIZATION IN DEHLI AND REGULATE IT- MAKE IT ORDERLY -IN 1911, DELHI BECAME A LOT MORE SIGNIFICANT TO THE GOV- ERNMENT WHEN THE BRITISH MOVED THE CAPITAL FROM KOL- KATA TO DEHLI -RENOWNED PLANNERS, EDWARD LUTYENS AND HERBERT BAKER IN 1912, SUBSEQUENTLY PLANNED DELHI FEDERAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES HOUSING FOUNDATION help with eradicating shelterlessness -provide the basic needs for humans around Pakistan - launched a self-financed housing scheme - 16,000 houses were constructed PHA FOUNDATION Pakistan Housing Authority Foundation Government body based in Islamabad -controls and helps in building housing societies and communities in modern ways -controlled by the ministry of Housing and Works KOT KARAMAT FARMHOUSE AND ANCILLARY AGRICULTURAL COMPOUND IN LAHORE, PAKI- STAN THAT HELPS PROMOTE COLLABORA- TION IN TEHIR DEVELOPEMENT OF TEH VIL- LAGE ACTS AS A RPOTOTYPE TO DEMON- STRATE ADVANTAGES OF PERMANENT EXIST- ING DWELLINGS CONSISTS OF .... A FARM FOR OWNER AND FAMILY STORAGE SHEDS AND WORKERS’ HOUSES BUILDINGS>BRICK DECIDED TO EXPLOIT ITS POTENTIAL AND UTOILIZA ITS AFFORDABILI- TY ANGHOORI BAGH HOUSING UNITS HOUSING COMPLEX IN LAHORE, PAKI- STAN THAT HELPS PROVIDE HOMES FOR THE URBAN POOR 787 LOW COST DWELLING UNITS ARRANGED IN CLUSTERS OF 2 AND 3 STOREY BLOCKS MADE FROM LOCAL MATERIALS ARANYA COMMUNITY HOUSING HOUSING UNIT LOCATED IN INDORE, INDIA CLIENT: INDORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY DESIGNED AROUND A CENTRAL SPINE ADAPTATION OF TWO NEW APPROACHES OF HOUSING OBJECTIVE: IMPROVING SLUM AREA AND PROVIDING SERVICED SITES FOR NEW HOUSING DEVELOPMENT FOR 60,000 PEOPLE- PRIMARILY FOR THE ECONOMICALLY WEAKER SECTOR (EWS) ALTHOUGH SITE PLAN INTEGRATES VARIOUS INCOMES - PERIPHERIES = HIGHER CLASS, MIDDLE = LOWER CLASS BELAPUR HOUSING HOUSES BUILT AROUND A COURTYRAD, TO GIVE OFF A FEELING OF BEING IN A VILLAGE THE COMPLEX HOUSES PEOPLE FROM VARIOUS BACKGROUNDS LOW-HIGH INCOME ALLOWS ROOM FOR EXPANSION, AND IS INSPIRED BY RAPID GROWING URBANIZATION IN 3RD WORLD COUN- TRIES SHEIKH SARAI HOUSING COMPLEX SHORTAGE OF HOUSING IN EARLY 1980’S INDICATE DEFICIT OF 21.3 MILLION HOUSES-4.8 MILLION IN URBAN AND 16.5 IN RURAL AREAS 75% OF THE COUNTRY’S POPULATION BELONGED TO THE ECONOMOCIALLY WEAKER SECTION OF THE SOCIETY, MAKING IT A CHALLENGE FOR ARCHITECTS, AND PLANNERS WHO NEEDED TO FIND INNOVATIVE WAYS TO BUILD AFFORDABLE HOUSING 1981 INDIA CENSUS: POPULATION AT 658 MILLION, 48% UNDER POVERTY LINE RAJ REWAL architect YASMEEN LARI architect KAMIL KHAN MUMTAZ architect ‘VERNACULAR REVIVAL’ HUDCO, DDA, PWD ‘UTILATARIAN MODERNISM’ AFFORDABLE LOW INCOME HOUSING -CHEAPER MATERIALS DUE TO THE FACT THAT SKILLED LABOUR NOT REQUIRED -LOCAL MATERIALS USED -LOCAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES SUMET JUMSAI architect WILLIAM LIM architect FUHIMIKO MAKI architect PLURALISM & PARTICIPATION INCOME GENERATION & EQUITY SELF-SUSTAINABILITY -infrastructure of serviced quarters - spine with central business dis- trict - interactive and integrative income and social groups CHARLES CORREA architect/ planner DOSHI & VATSU SHILPA architects PRESERVING HERITAGE LARI - deisgned with woman’s daily activities in mind - helped keep historic buildings around Pakistan in tact as the Executive DIrector of the Heritage Foundation MUMTAZ - reknowned conservationist - wants to raise standards in architectureal design PUBLICATIONS - Slums and Squatter Settle- ments : Their Role and Im- provement Strategy - Our Heritage in Muslim Archi- tecture - Traditional Architecture of Thatta - Karachi : Illustrated City Guide REGIONALISM - focuses on evolution of architecture - believes in “critical regionalism” --> an approach to architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of identity of the International style - idea that regionalism is a collective effort as it is the output of an individual working towards a goal for the common good of society - rejection of modernism’s mass culture --> looks towards place and history for inspiration SUBURB PLANNED FOR 500,000 RESIDENTS CITY PLAN OF SUBSIDIZED HOMES ALONG BROAD STREETS DUE TO SEPARATION OF GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY, HOUSING COMPLEX/KORANGI FAILED TO BECOME A THRIVING SOCIAL HOUSING PROJECT TODAY - UNGOVERNED LAND STRICKEN WITH POVERTY AND A LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE DOXIADIS CONSTANTINOS architect/ town planner
Transcript of END OF WWII - sites.psu.edusites.psu.edu/arch312/wp-content/uploads/sites/14693/2014/10/... ·...
END OF WWII
INDIA AND PAKISTAN
INDEPENDENT & SELF GOVERNED
SINGLE TRACT FAMILY HOUSES AFTER THE RETURN OF TROOPS FROM WWII
RAJENDRA & RUPAL DESAI
structural engineer & architect
NARI GHANDI
architect
RAVINDRAKAMATH
architect
JAWAHARLALNERU
first prime minister of
india
DECOLONIZATION“new identity”
SELF-SUSTAINABILITY HUMANITY & CONCERN FOR SHELTERING THE URBAN POOR1. PREVI EXPERIMENTAL HOUSING ENTRY (GOVERNMENT OF PERU AND UN)
2.TARA MIDDLE LEVEL INCOME SCHEME3.MALABAR CEMENTS TOWNSHIP
REDUCTION OF OVERCROWDING
regulate urbanization throughlow financed housing- various housing sizes- cheap materials- large plots of land vs. small plots of land
PRIVATE
GOVERNEMENT
GOVERNEMENTSELF-SPONSERED
DDADELHI DEVELOPEMENTAL AU-THORITY-CREATED IN 1957 UNDER DEHLI DEVELOPEMENTAL ACT TO “PRO-MOTE AND SECURE THE DEVEL-OPEMENT OF DELHI”-THE DDA TRIES TO CONTROL THE RAPID URBANIZATION IN DEHLI AND REGULATE IT- MAKE IT ORDERLY-IN 1911, DELHI BECAME A LOT MORE SIGNIFICANT TO THE GOV-ERNMENT WHEN THE BRITISH MOVED THE CAPITAL FROM KOL-KATA TO DEHLI-RENOWNED PLANNERS, EDWARD LUTYENS AND HERBERT BAKER IN 1912, SUBSEQUENTLY PLANNED DELHI
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES
HOUSING FOUNDATIONhelp with eradicating
shelterlessness-provide the basic needs for
humans around Pakistan- launched a self-financed
housing scheme- 16,000 houses were
constructed
PHA FOUNDATIONPakistan Housing
Authority FoundationGovernment body based
in Islamabad-controls and helps in building housingsocieties and communities in modern
ways-controlled by the ministry of
Housing and Works
KOT KARAMATFARMHOUSE AND ANCILLARY
AGRICULTURAL COMPOUND IN LAHORE, PAKI-STAN THAT HELPS PROMOTE COLLABORA-TION IN TEHIR DEVELOPEMENT OF TEH VIL-LAGE ACTS AS A RPOTOTYPE TO DEMON-STRATE ADVANTAGES OF PERMANENT EXIST-ING DWELLINGS CONSISTS OF ....A FARM FOR OWNER AND FAMILY STORAGE SHEDS AND WORKERS’ HOUSES BUILDINGS>BRICK DECIDED TO EXPLOIT ITS POTENTIAL AND UTOILIZA ITS AFFORDABILI-TY
ANGHOORI BAGHHOUSING UNITSHOUSING COMPLEX IN LAHORE, PAKI-STAN THAT HELPS PROVIDE HOMES FOR THE URBAN POOR
787 LOW COST DWELLING UNITSARRANGED IN CLUSTERS OF 2 AND 3 STOREY BLOCKSMADE FROM LOCAL MATERIALS
ARANYA COMMUNITY HOUSINGHOUSING UNITLOCATED IN INDORE, INDIA CLIENT: INDORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITYDESIGNED AROUND A CENTRAL SPINE ADAPTATION OF TWO NEW APPROACHES OF HOUSINGOBJECTIVE: IMPROVING SLUM AREA AND PROVIDING SERVICED SITES FOR NEW HOUSING DEVELOPMENTFOR 60,000 PEOPLE- PRIMARILY FOR THE ECONOMICALLY WEAKER SECTOR (EWS) ALTHOUGH SITE PLAN INTEGRATES VARIOUS INCOMES - PERIPHERIES = HIGHER CLASS, MIDDLE = LOWER CLASS
BELAPUR HOUSING
HOUSES BUILT AROUND A COURTYRAD, TO GIVE OFF A FEELING OF BEING IN A VILLAGETHE COMPLEX HOUSES PEOPLE FROM VARIOUS BACKGROUNDSLOW-HIGH INCOMEALLOWS ROOM FOR EXPANSION, AND IS INSPIRED BY RAPID GROWING URBANIZATION IN 3RD WORLD COUN-TRIES
SHEIKH SARAI HOUSING COMPLEX
SHORTAGE OF HOUSING IN EARLY 1980’S INDICATE DEFICIT OF 21.3 MILLION HOUSES-4.8 MILLION IN
URBAN AND 16.5 IN RURAL AREAS
75% OF THE COUNTRY’S POPULATION BELONGED TO THE
ECONOMOCIALLY WEAKER SECTION OF THE SOCIETY,
MAKING IT A CHALLENGE FOR ARCHITECTS, AND PLANNERS
WHO NEEDED TO FIND INNOVATIVE WAYS TO BUILD
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
1981 INDIA CENSUS: POPULATION AT 658 MILLION, 48% UNDER
POVERTY LINE
RAJ REWAL
architect
YASMEEN LARI
architect
KAMIL KHAN MUMTAZ
architect
‘VERNACULARREVIVAL’
HUDCO, DDA, PWD‘UTILATARIAN MODERNISM’
AFFORDABLE LOW INCOME HOUSING
-CHEAPER MATERIALS DUE TO THE FACT THAT SKILLED LABOUR NOT REQUIRED-LOCAL MATERIALS USED-LOCAL CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
SUMET JUMSAI
architect
WILLIAM LIM
architect
FUHIMIKOMAKI
architect
PLURALISM & PARTICIPATION
INCOME GENERATION & EQUITY
SELF-SUSTAINABILITY
-infrastructure of serviced quarters- spine with central business dis-trict- interactive and integrative income and social groups
CHARLESCORREA
architect/planner
DOSHI & VATSU SHILPA
architects
PRESERVING HERITAGELARI- deisgned with woman’s daily activities in mind- helped keep historic buildings around Pakistan in tact as the Executive DIrector of the Heritage Foundation
MUMTAZ- reknowned conservationist- wants to raise standards in architectureal design
PUBLICATIONS
- Slums and Squatter Settle-ments : Their Role and Im-provement Strategy- Our Heritage in Muslim Archi-tecture- Traditional Architecture of Thatta- Karachi : Illustrated City Guide
REGIONALISM- focuses on evolution of architecture- believes in “critical regionalism” --> an approach to architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lack of identity of the International style- idea that regionalism is a collective e�ort as it is the output of an individual working towards a goal for the common good of society- rejection of modernism’s mass culture --> looks towards place and history for inspiration
SUBURB PLANNED FOR 500,000 RESIDENTSCITY PLAN OF SUBSIDIZED HOMES ALONG BROAD STREETS
DUE TO SEPARATION OF GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY, HOUSING COMPLEX/KORANGI FAILED TO BECOME A THRIVING SOCIAL HOUSING PROJECT
TODAY - UNGOVERNED LAND STRICKEN WITH POVERTY AND A LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE
DOXIADIS CONSTANTINOS
architect/town planner
