Draguesku/Storino Classification 0213 · Draguesku/Storino Classification 0213 1 * TAXONOMY--the...

Draguesku/Storino Classification 0213

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* TAXONOMY--the branch of science that classifies and names living things.


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The grouping of things according

to SIMILAR properties or

characteristics

Another way of saying classification (paraphrase)

Sort

Categorize

Put in order

Group ..

Do we classify

things?? Yes everyday we classify

things.

Can you think of anything

that you classify???


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Taxonomy: (Greek: Taxos=to

arrange)

A system of classifying and

naming organisms

The science of classification

Taxonomist

1707

Father of Modern Taxonomy

Carolus Linnaeus was ….

Who started

classification??

CAROLUS LINNAEUS


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A naturalist who began the idea

that all living things should be

classified into categories depending

on their STRUCTURE

Carolus Linnaeus developed a way of

sorting and classifying things by

inventing the Dichotomous Key

DICHOTOMOUS KEY:

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A series of paired statements that

describe the physical characteristics of

different organisms


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Dichotomous keys that are based on

evolutionary changes are called

CLADOGRAMS

You mean I can identify

this insect?? How??

Make a

Dichotomous

Key!!

How to make a dichotomous key

1. Ask YES or NO questions

2. Start with the characteristic

that is most common

3. Continue asking questions,

looking at One characteristic at

a time.

4. Each questions should make

the groups smaller with each

question


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OU

R C

LA

SS

KE

Y


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We have a problem with the

dichotomous keys. From the

example can you tell what the

problem was???

Listen to the example and write what the

problem is here:


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Carolus Linnaeus developed a way

of naming organisms using

LATIN!

We have to find a

COMMON way to

name things

Hey, what about

using the language

of science???

LATIN!!! That

will work


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Genus + species

Always lower case!

Genus= the First name

species = the last name

EX: Lepomis machrochirus

Blue gill (common

name) IL. State fish


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4 ways of saying the same thing:

1. Genus + species

2. Scientific name

3. 2 part Latin name

4. Binomial nomenclature

The largest group has only SOME

things in common.

Organisms have more

characteristics in common as the

groups get SMALLER

Ways of

naming

organisms


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Carolus Linnaeus developed

SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

Mnemonic

Kingdom King

Phylum Phillip’s

Class Class

Order Ordered

Family Five

Genus Giant

species sandwiches


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Species: a group of organisms

that are able to interbreed and

produce off spring

Classification of Humans:

Kingdom Animalia (animal)

Phylum Chordata (chordate)

has a cord

Class Mamalia (mammals)

Order Primate (means 1st

)

Family Hominidae (means

human)

Genus Homo (means: all the

same)

species sapien (wise &

intelligent)


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Our Scientific name: Homo sapien=

thinking man

Life was divided into Kingdoms:

1700’s: Plant and Animal Kingdoms

1800’s: Protista; Plant; Animal

1950’s: Monera; Protista; Plant; Animal

Fungi Plant

1990’s:

Eubacteria Archebacteria Fungi Plant Animal protista


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1. Plantae- Plants

includes grass, trees, etc.

Multicellular

2. Animalia- Animal

Includes insects etc

Multicellular

3. Protista- Protist

Mostly unicellular

Microscopic

Has a DEFINITE NUCLEUS


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4. Monera Moneran

Mostly unicellular

Microscopic

NO DEFINITE NUCLEUS

5. Fungi

No chlorophyll

Most multicellular

Mushrooms, yeast etc.

6. Eubacteria (monera)

7. Archebacteria

Extreme bacteria (in heat

vents on ocean floor etc.) NE

W

Fro

m s

pli

ttin

g

kin

gd

om

Mo

nera


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Volcanic hot

springs

Brine pools

Black organic mud

Group that is larger than a kingdom

1. Domain Bacteria:

Prokaryotes (no nucleus)

Unicellular

Thick rigid cell walls with

Peptidoglycan

Kingdom Eubacteria

2. Domain Archaea:

Unicellular

Prokaryotic

Live in the extremes


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3. Domain Eukarya

All have a nucleus

Includes :

Kingdom Way of getting

food

Protista Heterotroph,&

Autotroph

Fungi Heterotroph

Plantae Autotroph

Animalia Heterotroph

Kingdoms can be classified by

their way of getting food (mode

of nutrition)


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Autotroph: (producer) Obtain energy

by making their own food:

Photosynthesis

Heterotroph: (consumer) Organism

cannot make its own food


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dog

wolf

How many characteristics do

humans and dogs share?

How many characteristics do the

wolf and dog share?

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